bsd-family-tree revision 101331
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | v | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | v 145 | | | | v OpenBSD 2.9 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 147 | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4 | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | 149 | | | | | | 150 | | | | v OpenBSD 3.0 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | 152 | | | | | 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 | | OpenBSD 3.1 154 | | | | | 155 | v | | | 156 | | | | 157FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 158 | | | | 159 v | v v 160 Mac OS X 161 10.1 162 163Time 164---------------- 165 166Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 167was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 168 169[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 170 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 171 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 172[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 173[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 174[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 175[U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 176[USE] Usenet announcement. 177[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 178 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 179 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 180[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 181 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 182[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 183 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 184[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 185[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 186[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 187[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 188[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 189[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 190 191Multics 1965 192UNIX Summer 1969 193 DEC PDP-7 194First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 195 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 196Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 197 10 UNIX installations 198Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 199 Pipes, 16 installations 200Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 201 rewriting in C effected, 202 above 30 installations 203Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 204 above 50 installations 205Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 206 port to DEC Vax 207Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 208 first portable UNIX 209Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 210 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 211 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 212 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 213 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 214 and networking part by the streams mechanism 215 216Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 217Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 218 2191BSD late 1977 220 1978-03-09 [QCU] 221 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 222 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 223 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2242BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 225 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2262.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2272.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 228 2292.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 230 set of performance improvements 2312.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2322.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2332.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2342.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2352.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2362.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2372.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 238 23932V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2403BSD late 1979 [QCU] 241 virtual memory, page replacement, 242 demand paging 2434.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2444.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2454.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 246 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2474.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2484.1cBSD late 1982 249 beta release, IPC [44B] 2504.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 251 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2524.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 253 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2544.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2554.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 256 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2574.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2584.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 259 260BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 261 first code released to people outside BSDI 262386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 263BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 264BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 265386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2664.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 267BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 268 first external gamma; G customers 269BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 270 would have been 1.0 except for request 271 for preliminary injunction 272BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 273 injunction denied; first official release 274NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2754.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 276NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 277FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 278BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 2794.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 280FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 281FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 282 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 283NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 284386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 285FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 286BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 287FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 288BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 2894.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 290 the true final distribution from the CSRG 291FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 292NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 293BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 294FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 295NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 296OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 297FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 298FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 299Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 300FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 301BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 302FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 303FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 304FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 305NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 306OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 307FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 308OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 309NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 310FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 311NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 312BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 313OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 314NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 315FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 316BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 317 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 318FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 319 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 320 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 321 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 322FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 323OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 324NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 325FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 326BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 327NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 328FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 329OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 330NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 331FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 332OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 333FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 334BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 335FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 336NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 337OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 338FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 339FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 340FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 341FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 342FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 343NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 344BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 345OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 346NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 347Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 348FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 349OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 350NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 351NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 352FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 353Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL] 354OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 355FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 356OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 357FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 358 359 360Bibliography 361------------------------ 362 363Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 364Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 365System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 366 367Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 368Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 369 370McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 371Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 372System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 373 374Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 375 376Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 377Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 378Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 379 380Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 381URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 382 383Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 384Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 385 386BSD Release Announcements collection. 387URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 388 389BSD Hypertext Man Pages 390URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 391 392UNIX history graphing project 393URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 394 395UNIX history 396URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 397 398James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 399URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 400("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 401 402 403Acknowledgments 404--------------- 405 406Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 407original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 408 409Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 410 411-- 412Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 413URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 414 415$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 101331 2002-08-04 20:34:28Z wosch $ 416