bsd-family-tree revision 79603
159769SgrogThe UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 259769Sgrog--------------------------------------------- 324424Swosch 424424SwoschFirst Edition (V1) 524424Swosch | 624424SwoschSecond Edition (V2) 724424Swosch | 824424SwoschThird Edition (V3) 924424Swosch | 1024424SwoschFourth Edition (V4) 1124424Swosch | 1224424SwoschFifth Edition (V5) 1324424Swosch | 1424424SwoschSixth Edition (V6) -----* 1542704Swosch \ | 1642704Swosch \ | 1742704Swosch \ | 1824424SwoschSeventh Edition (V7) | 1942704Swosch \ | 2042704Swosch \ 1BSD 2142704Swosch 32V | 2242704Swosch \ 2BSD---------------* 2342704Swosch \ / | 2442704Swosch \ / | 2542704Swosch \/ | 2642704Swosch 3BSD | 2742704Swosch | | 2842704Swosch 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 2942704Swosch | | 3059769Sgrog 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 3159769Sgrog | | 3259769Sgrog 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 3359769Sgrog | \ | 3459769Sgrog 4.1bBSD \ | 3559769Sgrog | \ | 3659769Sgrog *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 3759769Sgrog / | | 3859769SgrogEighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 3924424Swosch | | | 4042704Swosch +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 4124424Swosch | | | 4242704Swosch +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 4324424Swosch | | / | 4442704SwoschNinth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 4524424Swosch | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 4624424Swosch | | \ | 4724424Swosch | | \ | 4842704Swosch v | 2.11BSD 4925031SwoschTenth Edition | | 5059156Swosch | 2.11BSD rev #430 5125031Swosch 4.3BSD NET/1 | 5225031Swosch | v 5324424Swosch 4.3BSD Reno 5424424Swosch | 5524424Swosch *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 5624424Swosch | | | | 5771231Sitojun386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 5824424Swosch | | | | 5971231Sitojun386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 6025031Swosch | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 6171231Sitojun | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 6224424Swosch | | 4.4BSD | 6325031Swosch | | / | | 6425031Swosch | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 6571231Sitojun | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 6625031Swosch | | | | 6771231SitojunFreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 6870110Swosch | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 6970110SwoschFreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 7070110Swosch | | / / | \ | 7170110SwoschFreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 7270110Swosch | / | / | \ | 7370110SwoschFreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 7470110Swosch | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 7570110Swosch | / | | \ | 7670110SwoschFreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 7770110Swosch | \ | | 7870110SwoschFreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 7970110Swosch | \ .--- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 8070110Swosch | \ | | | | | 8170110Swosch | | FreeBSD 3.0 | | | | 8270110Swosch | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 8370110Swosch | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 8470110Swosch | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 8570110SwoschFreeBSD 2.1 | | 8670110Swosch | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 8770110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | \ | 8870110Swosch | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 8970110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 9070110Swosch | | | \ | | 9170110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | \ | | 9270110Swosch | | | \ | | 9370110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | 9470110Swosch | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 9570110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | 9670110Swosch | | | | 9770110Swosch | | | | 9870110Swosch *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | 9970110Swosch | \ | | | 10070110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | 10170110Swosch | | | | | 10270110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | OpenBSD 2.1 | 10370110Swosch | | | | | 10470110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | 10570110Swosch | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 10670110Swosch | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 10770110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | 10870110Swosch | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 10970110Swosch | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 11070110Swosch | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 11170110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | 11270110Swosch | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 11370110Swosch | v | | | | 11470110Swosch | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | 11570110Swosch | | | | | 11670110Swosch | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 11770110SwoschFreeBSD 3.0 | v | | 11870110Swosch | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 11970110Swosch *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | 12070110Swosch | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 12170110Swosch | FreeBSD 3.2 NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 12270110Swosch | | | | | | 12370110Swosch | FreeBSD 3.3 | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 12470110Swosch | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 12570110Swosch | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | 12670110Swosch | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 12770110SwoschFreeBSD 4.0 | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 12870119Swosch | | | | | | 12970119Swosch | | | | | | 13070119Swosch | FreeBSD 3.5 | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 13170119Swosch | | | | | | 13270119Swosch | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | 13370119Swosch | | | | | 13470119Swosch *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | 13570119Swosch | | | | | | 13670119Swosch | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | | | 13771231Sitojun | | | v | | 13870119Swosch | FreeBSD 4.2 | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 13970119Swosch | | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 14072877Swosch | | NetBSD 1.5 | | 14175835Swosch | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | v 14278867Sitojun | | | v OpenBSD 2.9 14375835Swosch | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 14472877Swosch | v | | 14565412Swosch | | | 14665412SwoschFreeBSD 5.0-current NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 14765412Swosch | | | 14865412Swosch v v v 14924424Swosch 15024424Swosch 15124424SwoschTime 15224424Swosch---------------- 15324424Swosch 15469277SasmodaiTime tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 15569277Sasmodaiwas the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 15624424Swosch 15725031Swosch[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 15825031Swosch and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 15925031Swosch the 4.4BSD Operating System. 16025031Swosch[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 16125031Swosch[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 16225031Swosch[U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 16325031Swosch[USE] Usenet announcement. 16425031Swosch[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 16525031Swosch Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 16625031Swosch Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 16725031Swosch[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 16825031Swosch Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 16925031Swosch[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 17025031Swosch comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 17125031Swosch[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 17238440Sjkh[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 17345349Swosch[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 17445349Swosch[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 17542704Swosch[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 17670110Swosch[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 17725031Swosch 17824424SwoschMultics 1965 17959769SgrogUNIX Summer 1969 18025031Swosch DEC PDP-7 18125031SwoschFirst Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 18225031Swosch DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 18325031SwoschSecond Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 18459769Sgrog 10 UNIX installations 18525031SwoschThird Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 18625031Swosch Pipes, 16 installations 18725031SwoschFourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 18825031Swosch rewriting in C effected, 18924424Swosch above 30 installations 19025031SwoschFifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 19125031Swosch above 50 installations 19225031SwoschSixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 19325031Swosch port to DEC Vax 19425031SwoschSeventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 19559769Sgrog first portable UNIX 19659769SgrogEighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 19742704Swosch VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 19842704Swosch descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 19942704Swosch descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 20070110Swosch scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 20142704Swosch and networking part by the streams mechanism 20242704Swosch 20325031SwoschNinth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 20425031SwoschTenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 20524424Swosch 20625031Swosch1BSD late 1977 20725031Swosch 1978-03-09 [QCU] 20825031Swosch PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 20925031Swosch 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 21025031Swosch 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 21125031Swosch2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 21225031Swosch 75 2BSD tapes shipped 21325031Swosch2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 21425031Swosch2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 21524424Swosch 21625031Swosch2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 21725031Swosch set of performance improvements 21825031Swosch2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 21925031Swosch2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 22025031Swosch2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 22125031Swosch2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 22225031Swosch2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 22325031Swosch2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 22459156Swosch2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 22525031Swosch 22625031Swosch32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 22725031Swosch3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 22825031Swosch virtual memory, page replacement, 22925031Swosch demand paging 23025031Swosch4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 23125031Swosch4.1BSD 1981-06-xx 23225031Swosch4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 23325031Swosch alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 23425031Swosch4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 23524424Swosch4.1cBSD late 1982 23625031Swosch beta release, IPC [44B] 23725031Swosch4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 23825031Swosch4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 23925031Swosch 1986-04-xx [KB] 24025031Swosch4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 24125031Swosch4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 24225031Swosch4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 24325031Swosch4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 24470110Swosch 24571231SitojunBSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 24670110Swosch first code released to people outside BSDI 24725031Swosch386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 24871231SitojunBSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 24971231SitojunBSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 25069278Sasmodai386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 25125031Swosch4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 25271231SitojunBSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 25370110Swosch first external gamma; G customers 25471231SitojunBSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 25570110Swosch would have been 1.0 except for request 25670110Swosch for preliminary injunction 25771231SitojunBSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 25870110Swosch injunction denied; first official release 25957000SwoschNetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 26025031Swosch4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 26145349SwoschNetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 26278270SnikFreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 26371231SitojunBSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 26425031Swosch4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 26538440SjkhFreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 26638440SjkhFreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 26749392Swosch supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 26857000SwoschNetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 26938440Sjkh386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 27038440SjkhFreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 27170110SwoschBSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 27269278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 27370110SwoschBSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 27425031Swosch4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 27525031Swosch the true final distribution from the CSRG 27669278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 27745349SwoschNetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 27870110SwoschBSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 27969278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 28045349SwoschNetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 28145349SwoschOpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 28269278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 28369278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 28469278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 28570110SwoschBSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 28669278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 28769278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 28869278SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 28957000SwoschNetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 29045349SwoschOpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 29169277SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 29245349SwoschOpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 29366542SitojunNetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 29469277SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 29557000SwoschNetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 29670110SwoschBSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 29745349SwoschOpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 29857000SwoschNetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 29969277SasmodaiFreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 30070110SwoschBSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 30170110Swosch 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 30242589SwoschFreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 30370110Swosch FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 30470110Swosch while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 30546321Swosch was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 30645349SwoschFreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 30745349SwoschOpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 30857000SwoschNetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 30946318SwoschFreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 31070110SwoschBSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 31156406SwoschNetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 31255389SbillfFreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 31355389SbillfOpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 31457000SwoschNetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 31555389SbillfFreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 31655389SbillfOpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 31755389SbillfFreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 31870110SwoschBSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 31958448SwoschFreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 32058448SwoschNetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 32165412SwoschOpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 32264612SalexFreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 32364612SalexFreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 32465411SwoschFreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 32565974SwoschFreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 32669277SasmodaiFreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 32769277SasmodaiNetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 32870119SwoschBSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 32969277SasmodaiOpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 33070111SwoschNetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 33175833SwoschFreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 33278867SitojunOpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 33379603SitojunNetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 33424424Swosch 33525031Swosch 33624424SwoschBibliography 33724424Swosch------------------------ 33824424Swosch 33924424SwoschLeffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 34024424SwoschQuarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 34124424SwoschSystem. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 34224424Swosch 34324424SwoschSalus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 34424424SwoschCompany, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 34524424Swosch 34624424SwoschMcKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 34724424SwoschQuarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 34824424SwoschSystem. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 34924424Swosch 35025031SwoschDoug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 35125031Swosch 35224424SwoschMichael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 35324424SwoschPresented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 35424424SwoschAustralian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 35524424Swosch 35659769SgrogPeter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 35779514SitojunURL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 35824424Swosch 35925031SwoschAndreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 36025031SwoschDie freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 36125031Swosch 36225031SwoschBSD Release Announcements collection. 36359769SgrogURL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 36425031Swosch 36531658SwoschBSD Hypertext Man Pages 36679514SitojunURL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 36731658Swosch 36859769SgrogUNIX history graphing project 36979514SitojunURL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 37059769Sgrog 37165415SwoschUNIX history 37279514SitojunURL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 37365415Swosch 37475834SwoschJames Howard: The BSD Family Tree 37579514SitojunURL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 37675834Swosch("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 37775834Swosch 37875834Swosch 37925031SwoschAcknowledgments 38025031Swosch--------------- 38125031Swosch 38259769SgrogJosh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 38325031Swoschoriginal BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 38425031Swosch 38531658SwoschSteven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 38625031Swosch 38724424Swosch-- 38872877SwoschCopyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 38967388SwoschURL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 39042589Swosch 39150970Speter$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 79603 2001-07-11 23:57:16Z itojun $ 392