bsd-family-tree revision 164001
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2---------------------------------------------
3
4First Edition (V1)
5     |
6Second Edition (V2)
7     |
8Third Edition (V3)
9     |
10Fourth Edition (V4)
11     |
12Fifth Edition (V5)
13     |
14Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
15       \                |
16        \               |
17         \              |
18Seventh Edition (V7)    |
19            \           |
20             \        1BSD
21             32V        |
22               \      2BSD---------------*
23                \    /                   |
24                 \  /                    |
25                  \/                     |
26                 3BSD                    |
27                  |                      |
28               4.0BSD               2.7.9BSD
29                  |                      |
30               4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
31                  |                      |
32              4.1aBSD -----------\       |
33                  |                \     |
34              4.1bBSD                \   |
35                  |                    \ |
36      *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
37     /            |                      |
38Eighth Edition    |                   2.9BSD-Seismo
39     |            |                      |
40     +----<--- 4.2BSD               2.9.1BSD
41     |            |                      |
42     +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
43     |            |               /      |
44Ninth Edition     |              / 2.10.1BSD
45     |         4.3BSD Tahoe-----+        |
46     |            |              \       |
47     |            |                \     |
48     v            |                  2.11BSD
49Tenth Edition     |                      |
50                  |                  2.11BSD rev #430
51               4.3BSD NET/1              |
52                  |                      v
53               4.3BSD Reno
54                  |
55   *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
56   |                    |                      |             |
57386BSD 0.0              |                      |           BSD/386 ALPHA
58   |                    |                      |             |
59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+                      |           BSD/386 0.3.[13]
60   |     \              |                  4.4BSD Alpha      |
61   |     386BSD 1.0     |                      |           BSD/386 0.9.[34]
62   |                    |                  4.4BSD            |
63   |                    |                    / |             |
64   |                    |   4.4BSD-Encumbered  |             |
65   |                 NetBSD 0.8                |           BSD/386 1.0
66   |                    |                      |             |
67FreeBSD 1.0          NetBSD 0.9                |           BSD/386 1.1
68   |                    |           .----- 4.4BSD Lite       |
69FreeBSD 1.1             |          /   /       |     \       |
70   |                    |         /   /        |      \      |
71FreeBSD 1.1.5       .---|--------'   /         |       \     |
72   |               /    |           /          |        \    |
73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1   /     |          /           |         \   |
74   |             /   NetBSD 1.0 <-'            |          \  |
75   |            /       |                      |           \ |
76FreeBSD 2.0 <--'        |                      |           BSD/OS 2.0
77   |                     \                     |             |
78FreeBSD 2.0.5             \                    |           BSD/OS 2.0.1
79   |                 .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2       |
80   |                 |      \             |  |   |   |       |
81   |                 | .-----|------Rhapsody |   |   |       |
82   |                 | |     |        NetBSD 1.3 |   |       |
83   |                 | |     |           OpenBSD 2.3 |       |
84   |                 | |     |                BSD/OS 3.0     |
85FreeBSD 2.1          | |     |                               |
86 |   |               | |  NetBSD 1.1 ------.               BSD/OS 2.1
87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5     | |     |              \                |
88 |     |             | |  NetBSD 1.2         \             BSD/OS 3.0
89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6     | |     |  \          OpenBSD 2.0       |
90 |     |             | |     |   \             |             |
91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1   | |     |    \            |             |
92 |     |             | |     |     \           |             |
93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7     | |     |      |          |             |
94 |     |             | |     |  NetBSD 1.2.1   |             |
95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1   | |     |                 |             |
96 |                   | |     |                 |             |
97 |                   | |     |                 |             |
98 *-FreeBSD 2.2       | |     |                 |             |
99 |        \          | |     |                 |             |
100 |     FreeBSD 2.2.1 | |     |                 |             |
101 |         |         | |     |                 |             |
102 |     FreeBSD 2.2.2 | |     |             OpenBSD 2.1       |
103 |         |         | |     |                 |             |
104 |     FreeBSD 2.2.5 | |     |                 |             |
105 |         |         | |     |             OpenBSD 2.2       |
106 |         |         | |  NetBSD 1.3           |             |
107 |     FreeBSD 2.2.6 | |     |    |            |             |
108 |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.1    |           BSD/OS 3.1
109 |         |         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.3       |
110 |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.2    |             |
111 |     FreeBSD 2.2.7 | |     |    |            |             |
112 |         |         | |     |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.0
113 |         v         | |     |    |            |             |
114 |     FreeBSD 2.2.8 | |     |    |            |             |
115 |                   | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.4       |
116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* |     |    v            |             |
117 |                     |     | NetBSD 1.3.3    |             |
118 *---FreeBSD 3.1       |     |                 |             |
119 |       |             |     |                 |           BSD/OS 4.0.1
120 |   FreeBSD 3.2----*  |  NetBSD 1.4       OpenBSD 2.5       |
121 |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
122 |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
123 |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
124 |   FreeBSD 3.3    |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.1    |             |
125 |       |          |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.6       |
126 |   FreeBSD 3.4    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
127 |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.1
128FreeBSD 4.0  |      |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.2    |             |
129 |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
130 |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
131 |   FreeBSD 3.5    |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.7       |
132 |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
133 |   FreeBSD 3.5.1  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
134 |                  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
135 *---FreeBSD 4.1    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
136 |      |           |  | (?) |    |            |             |
137 |   FreeBSD 4.1.1  |  |  /  |    |            |             |
138 |      |           |  | /   |    |            |             |
139 |   FreeBSD 4.2   Darwin/   | NetBSD 1.4.3    |             |
140 |      |         Mac OS X   |             OpenBSD 2.8     BSD/OS 4.2
141 |      |             |      |                 |             |
142 |      |             |      |                 |             |
143 |      |           10.0  NetBSD 1.5           |             |
144 |   FreeBSD 4.3      |      |    |            |             |
145 |      |             |      |    |        OpenBSD 2.9       |
146 |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.5.1    |             |
147 |      |             |      |    |            |             |
148 |   FreeBSD 4.4-.    |      | NetBSD 1.5.2    |             |
149 |      |        | Mac OS X  |    |            |             |
150 |      |        |   10.1    |    |        OpenBSD 3.0       |
151 |   FreeBSD 4.5 |    |      |    |            |             |
152 |      |         \   |      |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.3
153 |   FreeBSD 4.6   \  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.1       |
154 |      |           \ |      | NetBSD 1.5.3    |       	     |
155 |   FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X  |                 |             |
156 |      |            10.2    |                 |             |
157 |   FreeBSD 4.7      |      |                 |             |
158 |      |             |   NetBSD 1.6       OpenBSD 3.2       |
159 |   FreeBSD 4.8      |      |    |            |             |
160 |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.6.1    |             |
161 |      |--------.    |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.3     BSD/OS 5.0
162 |      |         \   |      |    |            |             |
163 |   FreeBSD 4.9   |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.4     BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
164 |      |          |  |      |    |            |
165 |      |          |  |      | NetBSD 1.6.2    |
166 |      |          |  |      |    |            |
167 |      |          |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.5
168 |      |          |  |      |    v            |
169 |   FreeBSD 4.10  |  |      |                 |
170 |      |          |  |      |                 |
171 |   FreeBSD 4.11  |  |      |                 |
172 |      |          |  |      |                 |
173 |      v           `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
174 |                    |      |                 |                      \
175FreeBSD 5.0           |      |                 |                       |
176 |                    |      |                 |                       |
177FreeBSD 5.1           |      |                 |                  DragonFly 1.0
178 |          \         |      |                 |                       |
179 |           ----- Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
180 |                   10.3    |                 |                       |
181FreeBSD 5.2           |      |                 |                       |
182 |      |             |      |                 |                       |
183 |   FreeBSD 5.2.1    |      |                 |                       |
184 |                    |      |                 |                       |
185 *-------FreeBSD 5.3  |      |                 |                       |
186 |           |        |      |             OpenBSD 3.6                 |
187 |           |        |   NetBSD 2.0           |                       |
188 |           |        |      | |  |            |                 DragonFly 1.2.0
189 |           |     Mac OS X  | | NetBSD 2.0.2  |                       |
190 |           |       10.4    | |  |            |                       |
191 |       FreeBSD 5.4  |      | |  |            |                       |
192 |           |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.7                 |
193 |           |        |      | | NetBSD 2.0.3  |                       |
194 |           |        |      | |  |            |                       |
195 *--FreeBSD  |        |      | |  v        OpenBSD 3.8                 |
196 |    6.0    |        |      | |               |                       |
197 |     |     |        |      |  \              |                       |
198 |     |     |        |      | NetBSD 2.1      |                       |
199 |     |     |        |      |                 |                       |
200 |     |     |        |   NetBSD 3.0           |                       |
201 |     |     |        |      | |  |            |                 DragonFly 1.4.0
202 |     |     |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.9                 |
203 |  FreeBSD  |        |      | |  |            |                       |
204 |    6.1    |        |      | |  |            |                       |
205 |     |  FreeBSD 5.5 |      | |  |            |                       |
206 |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.1  |                 DragonFly 1.6.0
207 |     |              |      | |  |            |                       |
208 |     V              |      | |  |        OpenBSD 4.0                 |
209 |                    |      | | NetBSD 3.0.2  |                       |
210 |                    |      | NetBSD 3.1      |                       |
211 |                    |      |                 |                       |
212FreeBSD 7 -current    |  NetBSD -current  OpenBSD -current             |
213 |                    |      |                 |                       |
214 v                    v      v                 v                       v
215
216Time
217----------------
218
219Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
220was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
221
222[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
223	and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
224	the 4.4BSD Operating System.
225[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/]
226[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
227[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
228[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
229[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
230[KB]  Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
231	Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
232[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
233	comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
234[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
235	Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
236	Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
237[NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
238[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
239[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
240[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
241[USE] Usenet announcement.
242[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
243[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
244
245Multics                 1965
246UNIX                    Summer 1969
247				DEC PDP-7
248First   Edition         1971-11-03 [QCU]
249				DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
250Second  Edition         1972-06-12 [QCU]
251				10 UNIX installations
252Third   Edition         1973-02-xx [QCU]
253				Pipes, 16 installations
254Fourth  Edition         1973-11-xx [QCU]
255				rewriting in C effected,
256                                above 30 installations
257Fifth   Edition         1974-06-xx [QCU]
258				above 50 installations
259Sixth   Edition         1975-05-xx [QCU]
260				port to DEC Vax
261Seventh Edition         1979-01-xx [QCU]
262				first portable UNIX
263Eighth  Edition         1985-02-xx [QCU]
264				VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
265				descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
266				descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
267			scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
268			and networking part by the streams mechanism
269
270Ninth   Edition         1986-09-xx [QCU]
271Tenth   Edition         1989-10-xx [QCU]
272
2731BSD                    late 1977
274			1978-03-09 [QCU]
275				PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
276				30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
277				35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
2782BSD                    mid 1978 [QCU]
279				75 2BSD tapes shipped
2802.7.9BSD		?? [SMS]
2812.8BSD			1981-07-xx [KSJ]
282
2832.8.1BSD		1982-01-xx [QCU]
284				set of performance improvements
2852.9BSD			1983-07-xx [KSJ]
2862.9.1BSD                1983-11-xx
2872.9BSD-Seismo		1985-08-xx [SMS]
2882.10BSD			1987-04-xx [KKK]
2892.10.1BSD		1989-01-xx [SMS]
2902.11BSD			1992-02-xx [SMS]
2912.11BSD rev #430	1999-12-13 [SMS]
292
29332V			1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
2943BSD                    late 1979 [QCU]
295				virtual memory, page replacement,
296                        	demand paging
2974.0BSD                  1980-10-xx
2984.1BSD                  1981-07-08 [DOC]
2994.1aBSD                 1982-04-xx
300				alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
3014.1bBSD				internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
3024.1cBSD                 late 1982
303				beta release, IPC [44B]
3044.2BSD                  1983-09-xx [QCU]
305                        1983-08-03 [DOC]
3064.3BSD                  1986-06-xx [QCU]
307			1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
3084.3BSD Tahoe            1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
3094.3BSD NET/1            1988-11-xx [QCU]
310                        1989-01-01 [DOC]
3114.3BSD Reno             1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
3124.3BSD NET/2            1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
313
314BSD/386 ALPHA		1991-12-xx [BSDI]
315				first code released to people outside BSDI
316386BSD 0.0              1992-02-xx [DOC]
317BSD/386 0.3.1	        1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
318BSD/386 0.3.3		1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
319386BSD 0.1              1992-07-28 [DOC]
3204.4BSD Alpha            1992-07-07
321BSD/386 0.9.3		1992-10-xx [BSDI]
322				first external gamma; G customers
323BSD/386 0.9.4		1992-12-xx [BSDI]
324				would have been 1.0 except for request
325				for preliminary injunction
326BSD/386 1.0 		1993-03-xx [BSDI]
327				injunction denied; first official release
328NetBSD 0.8              1993-04-20 [NBD]
3294.4BSD                  1993-06-01 [USE]
330NetBSD 0.9              1993-08-23 [NBD]
331FreeBSD 1.0		1993-11-01 [FBD]
332BSD/386 1.1		1994-02-xx [BSDI]
3334.4BSD Lite             1994-03-01 [USE]
334FreeBSD 1.1		1994-05-07 [FBD]
335FreeBSD 1.1.5		1994-06-30 [FBD]
336FreeBSD 1.1.5.1		1994-07-05 [FBD]
337				supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
338NetBSD 1.0              1994-10-26 [NBD]
339386BSD 1.0              1994-11-12 [USE]
340FreeBSD 2.0		1994-11-23 [FBD]
341BSD/OS 2.0		1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
342FreeBSD 2.0.5		1995-06-10 [FBD]
343BSD/OS 2.0.1		1995-06-xx [BSDI]
3444.4BSD Lite Release 2	1995-06-xx [44B]
345				the true final distribution from the CSRG
346FreeBSD 2.1.0		1995-11-19 [FBD]
347NetBSD 1.1              1995-11-26 [NBD]
348BSD/OS 2.1		1996-01-xx [BSDI]
349FreeBSD 2.1.5		1996-07-14 [FBD]
350NetBSD 1.2              1996-10-04 [NBD]
351OpenBSD 2.0             1996-10-18 [OBD]
352FreeBSD 2.1.6		1996-11-16 [FBD]
353FreeBSD 2.1.6.1		1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
354Rhapsody		1997-xx-xx
355FreeBSD 2.1.7		1997-02-20 [FBD]
356BSD/OS 3.0		1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
357FreeBSD 2.2.0		1997-03-16 [FBD]
358FreeBSD 2.2.1		1997-03-25 [FBD]
359FreeBSD 2.2.2		1997-05-16 [FBD]
360NetBSD 1.2.1            1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
361OpenBSD 2.1             1997-06-01 [OBD]
362FreeBSD 2.2.5		1997-10-22 [FBD]
363OpenBSD 2.2             1997-12-01 [OBD]
364NetBSD 1.3              1998-01-04 [NBD]
365FreeBSD 2.2.6		1998-03-25 [FBD]
366NetBSD 1.3.1            1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
367BSD/OS 3.1		1998-03-xx [BSDI]
368OpenBSD 2.3             1998-05-19 [OBD]
369NetBSD 1.3.2            1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
370FreeBSD 2.2.7		1998-07-22 [FBD]
371BSD/OS 4.0		1998-08-xx [BSDI]
372				2-lock MP support, ELF executables
373FreeBSD 3.0		1998-10-16 [FBD]
374				FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
375				while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
376				was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
377FreeBSD 2.2.8           1998-11-29 [FBD]
378OpenBSD 2.4             1998-12-01 [OBD]
379NetBSD 1.3.3            1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
380FreeBSD 3.1		1999-02-15 [FBD]
381BSD/OS 4.0.1		1999-03-xx [BSDI]
382NetBSD 1.4              1999-05-12 [NBD]
383FreeBSD 3.2             1999-05-17 [FBD]
384OpenBSD 2.5             1999-05-19 [OBD]
385NetBSD 1.4.1            1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
386FreeBSD 3.3             1999-09-17 [FBD]
387OpenBSD 2.6             1999-12-01 [OBD]
388FreeBSD 3.4             1999-12-20 [FBD]
389BSD/OS 4.1		1999-12-xx [BSDI]
390FreeBSD 4.0             2000-03-13 [FBD]
391NetBSD 1.4.2            2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
392OpenBSD 2.7             2000-06-15 [OBD]
393FreeBSD 3.5		2000-06-24 [FBD]
394FreeBSD 4.1		2000-07-27 [FBD]
395FreeBSD 3.5.1		2000-07-28 [FBD]
396FreeBSD 4.1.1		2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
397FreeBSD 4.2  		2000-11-21 [FBD]
398NetBSD 1.4.3		2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
399BSD/OS 4.2		2000-11-29 [BSDI]
400OpenBSD 2.8		2000-12-01 [OBD]
401NetBSD 1.5              2000-12-06 [NBD]
402Mac OS X 10.0           2001-03-24 [APL]
403FreeBSD 4.3  		2001-04-20 [FBD]
404OpenBSD 2.9  		2001-06-01 [OBD]
405NetBSD 1.5.1		2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
406NetBSD 1.5.2		2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
407FreeBSD 4.4  		2001-09-18 [FBD]
408Mac OS X 10.1		2001-09-29 [APL]
409OpenBSD 3.0		2001-12-01 [OBD]
410FreeBSD 4.5  		2002-01-29 [FBD]
411BSD/OS 4.3		2002-03-14 [WRS]
412OpenBSD 3.1		2002-05-19 [OBD]
413FreeBSD 4.6  		2002-06-15 [FBD]
414NetBSD 1.5.3		2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
415FreeBSD 4.6.2		2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
416Mac OS X 10.2		2002-08-23 [APL]
417NetBSD 1.6		2002-09-14 [NBD]
418FreeBSD 4.7		2002-10-08 [FBD]
419OpenBSD 3.2		2002-11-01 [OBD]
420FreeBSD 5.0		2003-01-17 [FBD]
421				FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
422				-current, similar to 3.0.
423FreeBSD 4.8		2003-04-03 [FBD]
424NetBSD 1.6.1		2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
425OpenBSD 3.3		2003-05-01 [OBD]
426BSD/OS 5.0		2003-05-?? [WRS]
427FreeBSD 5.1		2003-06-09 [FBD]
428Mac OS X 10.3		2003-10-24 [APL]
429FreeBSD 4.9		2003-10-28 [FBD]
430BSD/OS 5.1 ISE		2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
431OpenBSD 3.4		2003-11-01 [OBD]
432FreeBSD 5.2		2004-01-12 [FBD]
433FreeBSD 5.2.1		2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
434NetBSD 1.6.2		2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
435OpenBSD 3.5		2004-04-01 [OBD]
436FreeBSD 4.10		2004-05-27 [FBD]
437DragonFly 1.0		2004-07-12 [DFB]
438OpenBSD 3.6		2004-10-29 [OBD]
439FreeBSD 5.3		2004-11-06 [FBD]
440NetBSD 2.0		2004-12-09 [NBD]
441FreeBSD 4.11		2005-01-25 [FBD]
442DragonFly 1.2.0		2005-04-08 [DFB]
443NetBSD 2.0.2		2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
444Mac OS X 10.4		2005-04-29 [APL]
445FreeBSD 5.4		2005-05-09 [FBD]
446OpenBSD 3.7		2005-05-19 [OBD]
447NetBSD 2.0.3		2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
448OpenBSD 3.8		2005-11-01 [OBD]
449FreeBSD 6.0		2005-11-01 [FBD]
450NetBSD 2.1		2005-11-02 [NBD]
451NetBSD 3.0		2005-12-23 [NBD]
452DragonFly 1.4.0		2006-01-08 [DFB]
453OpenBSD 3.9		2006-05-01 [OBD]
454FreeBSD 6.1		2006-05-08 [FBD]
455FreeBSD 5.5		2006-05-25 [FBD]
456NetBSD 3.0.1		2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
457DragonFly 1.6.0		2006-07-24 [DFB]
458OpenBSD 4.0		2006-11-01 [OBD]
459NetBSD 3.0.2		2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
460NetBSD 3.1		2006-11-04 [NBD]
461
462Bibliography
463------------------------
464
465Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
466Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
467System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
468
469Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
470Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
471
472McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
473Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
474System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
475
476McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
477Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
478Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
479
480Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
481
482Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
483Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
484Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
485
486Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
487URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
488
489Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
490Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
491
492BSD Release Announcements collection.
493URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/
494
495BSD Hypertext Man Pages
496URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
497
498UNIX history graphing project
499URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
500
501UNIX history
502URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
503
504James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
505URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
506("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
507
508
509Acknowledgments
510---------------
511
512Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
513original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
514
515Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
516
517--
518Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
519URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
520
521$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 164001 2006-11-05 15:56:45Z maxim $
522