bsd-family-tree revision 158234
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 156 | | 10.2 | | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | \ | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | | 165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 168 | | | | | v | 169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 170 | | | | | | 171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 174 | | | | \ 175FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 176 | | | | | 177FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 178 | \ | | | | 179 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 180 | 10.3 | | | 181FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 182 | | | | | | 183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 184 | | | | | 185 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 187 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | | 188 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 189 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 190 | FreeBSD 5.4 10.4 | | | | | 191 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 192 | V | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 193 | | | | | | | 194 *---FreeBSD 6.0 | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 195 | | | | | | | 196 | V | | \ | | 197 | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 198 | | | | | 199 | | NetBSD 3.0 | | 200 | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 201 | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 202 | | | | | 203FreeBSD 7 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 204 | | | | | 205 v v v v v 206 207Time 208---------------- 209 210Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 211was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 212 213[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 214 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 215 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 216[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 217[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 218[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 219[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 220[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 221[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 222 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 223[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 224 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 225[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 226 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 227 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 228[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 229[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 230[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 231[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 232[USE] Usenet announcement. 233[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 234[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 235 236Multics 1965 237UNIX Summer 1969 238 DEC PDP-7 239First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 240 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 241Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 242 10 UNIX installations 243Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 244 Pipes, 16 installations 245Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 246 rewriting in C effected, 247 above 30 installations 248Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 249 above 50 installations 250Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 251 port to DEC Vax 252Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 253 first portable UNIX 254Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 255 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 256 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 257 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 258 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 259 and networking part by the streams mechanism 260 261Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 262Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 263 2641BSD late 1977 265 1978-03-09 [QCU] 266 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 267 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 268 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2692BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 270 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2712.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2722.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 273 2742.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 275 set of performance improvements 2762.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2772.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2782.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2792.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2802.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2812.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2822.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 283 28432V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2853BSD late 1979 [QCU] 286 virtual memory, page replacement, 287 demand paging 2884.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2894.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2904.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 291 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2924.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2934.1cBSD late 1982 294 beta release, IPC [44B] 2954.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 296 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2974.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 298 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2994.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 3004.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 301 1989-01-01 [DOC] 3024.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 3034.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 304 305BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 306 first code released to people outside BSDI 307386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 308BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 309BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 310386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 3114.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 312BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 313 first external gamma; G customers 314BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 315 would have been 1.0 except for request 316 for preliminary injunction 317BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 318 injunction denied; first official release 319NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 3204.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 321NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 322FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 323BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 3244.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 325FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 326FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 327FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 328 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 329NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 330386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 331FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 332BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 333FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 334BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3354.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 336 the true final distribution from the CSRG 337FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 338NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 339BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 340FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 341NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 342OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 343FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 344FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 345Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 346FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 347BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 348FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 349FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 350FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 351NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 352OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 353FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 354OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 355NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 356FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 357NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 358BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 359OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 360NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 361FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 362BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 363 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 364FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 365 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 366 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 367 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 368FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 369OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 370NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 371FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 372BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 373NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 374FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 375OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 376NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 377FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 378OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 379FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 380BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 381FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 382NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 383OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 384FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 385FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 386FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 387FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 388FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 389NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 390BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 391OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 392NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 393Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 394FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 395OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 396NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 397NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 398FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 399Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 400OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 401FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 402BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 403OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 404FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 405NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 406FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 407Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 408NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 409FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 410OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 411FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 412 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 413 -current, similar to 3.0. 414FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 415NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 416OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 417BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 418FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 419Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 420FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 421BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 422OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 423FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 424FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 425NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 426OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 427FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 428DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 429OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 430FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 431NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 432FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 433DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 434NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 435Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 436FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 437OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 438NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 439OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 440FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 441NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 442NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 443DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 444OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 445 446Bibliography 447------------------------ 448 449Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 450Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 451System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 452 453Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 454Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 455 456McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 457Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 458System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 459 460McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 461Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 462Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 463 464Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 465 466Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 467Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 468Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 469 470Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 471URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 472 473Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 474Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 475 476BSD Release Announcements collection. 477URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 478 479BSD Hypertext Man Pages 480URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 481 482UNIX history graphing project 483URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 484 485UNIX history 486URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 487 488James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 489URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 490("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 491 492 493Acknowledgments 494--------------- 495 496Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 497original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 498 499Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 500 501-- 502Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 503URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 504 505$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 158234 2006-05-01 20:44:52Z maxim $ 506