bsd-family-tree revision 147055
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | | 156 | | 10.2 | v | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | \ | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | | 165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 168 | | | | | v | 169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 170 | | | | | | 171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 174 | | | | \ 175FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 176 | | | | | 177FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 178 | \ | | | | 179 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 180 | 10.3 | | | 181FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 182 | | | | | | 183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 184 | | | | | 185 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 187 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | | 188 | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 189 | | Mac OS X | | | 190 | FreeBSD 5.4 10.4 | | | 191 | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 192 | V | | | | 193 | | | | | 194FreeBSD 6 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 195 | | | | | 196 v v v v v 197 198Time 199---------------- 200 201Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 202was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 203 204[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 205 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 206 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 207[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 208[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 209[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 210[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 211[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 212[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 213 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 214[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 215 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 216[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 217 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 218 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 219[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 220[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 221[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 222[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 223[USE] Usenet announcement. 224[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 225[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 226 227Multics 1965 228UNIX Summer 1969 229 DEC PDP-7 230First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 231 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 232Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 233 10 UNIX installations 234Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 235 Pipes, 16 installations 236Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 237 rewriting in C effected, 238 above 30 installations 239Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 240 above 50 installations 241Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 242 port to DEC Vax 243Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 244 first portable UNIX 245Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 246 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 247 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 248 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 249 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 250 and networking part by the streams mechanism 251 252Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 253Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 254 2551BSD late 1977 256 1978-03-09 [QCU] 257 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 258 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 259 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2602BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 261 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2622.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2632.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 264 2652.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 266 set of performance improvements 2672.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2682.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2692.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2702.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2712.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2722.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2732.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 274 27532V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2763BSD late 1979 [QCU] 277 virtual memory, page replacement, 278 demand paging 2794.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2804.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2814.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 282 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2834.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2844.1cBSD late 1982 285 beta release, IPC [44B] 2864.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 287 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2884.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 289 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2904.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2914.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 292 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2934.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2944.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 295 296BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 297 first code released to people outside BSDI 298386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 299BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 300BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 301386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 3024.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 303BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 304 first external gamma; G customers 305BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 306 would have been 1.0 except for request 307 for preliminary injunction 308BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 309 injunction denied; first official release 310NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 3114.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 312NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 313FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 314BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 3154.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 316FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 317FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 318FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 319 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 320NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 321386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 322FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 323BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 324FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 325BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3264.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 327 the true final distribution from the CSRG 328FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 329NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 330BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 331FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 332NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 333OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 334FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 335FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 336Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 337FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 338BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 339FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 340FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 341FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 342NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 343OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 344FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 345OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 346NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 347FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 348NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 349BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 350OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 351NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 352FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 353BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 354 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 355FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 356 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 357 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 358 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 359FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 360OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 361NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 362FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 363BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 364NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 365FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 366OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 367NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 368FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 369OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 370FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 371BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 372FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 373NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 374OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 375FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 376FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 377FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 378FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 379FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 380NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 381BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 382OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 383NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 384Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 385FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 386OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 387NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 388NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 389FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 390Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 391OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 392FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 393BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 394OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 395FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 396NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 397FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 398Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 399NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 400FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 401OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 402FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 403 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 404 -current, similar to 3.0. 405FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 406NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 407OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 408BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 409FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 410Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 411FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 412BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 413OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 414FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 415FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 416NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 417OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 418FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 419DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 420OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 421FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 422NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 423FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 424DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 425Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 426FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 427OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 428 429Bibliography 430------------------------ 431 432Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 433Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 434System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 435 436Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 437Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 438 439McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 440Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 441System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 442 443McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 444Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 445Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 446 447Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 448 449Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 450Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 451Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 452 453Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 454URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 455 456Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 457Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 458 459BSD Release Announcements collection. 460URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 461 462BSD Hypertext Man Pages 463URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 464 465UNIX history graphing project 466URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 467 468UNIX history 469URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 470 471James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 472URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 473("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 474 475 476Acknowledgments 477--------------- 478 479Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 480original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 481 482Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 483 484-- 485Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 486URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 487 488$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 147055 2005-06-06 16:10:58Z maxim $ 489