bsd-family-tree revision 146433
10SN/AThe UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 214101SN/A--------------------------------------------- 30SN/A 40SN/AFirst Edition (V1) 50SN/A | 60SN/ASecond Edition (V2) 72362SN/A | 80SN/AThird Edition (V3) 92362SN/A | 100SN/AFourth Edition (V4) 110SN/A | 120SN/AFifth Edition (V5) 130SN/A | 140SN/ASixth Edition (V6) -----* 150SN/A \ | 160SN/A \ | 170SN/A \ | 180SN/ASeventh Edition (V7) | 190SN/A \ | 200SN/A \ 1BSD 212362SN/A 32V | 222362SN/A \ 2BSD---------------* 232362SN/A \ / | 240SN/A \ / | 250SN/A \/ | 260SN/A 3BSD | 270SN/A | | 280SN/A 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 290SN/A | | 300SN/A 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 310SN/A | | 320SN/A 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 330SN/A | \ | 340SN/A 4.1bBSD \ | 355116SN/A | \ | 365116SN/A *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 375116SN/A / | | 385116SN/AEighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 390SN/A | | | 400SN/A +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 410SN/A | | | 420SN/A +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 430SN/A | | / | 440SN/ANinth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 450SN/A | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 460SN/A | | \ | 470SN/A | | \ | 480SN/A v | 2.11BSD 490SN/ATenth Edition | | 500SN/A | 2.11BSD rev #430 510SN/A 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52494SN/A | v 53494SN/A 4.3BSD Reno 541117SN/A | 550SN/A *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 560SN/A | | | | 570SN/A386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58494SN/A | | | | 59494SN/A386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 601117SN/A | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 610SN/A | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62494SN/A | | 4.4BSD | 630SN/A | | / | | 640SN/A | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 650SN/A | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 660SN/A | | | | 670SN/AFreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 680SN/A | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 690SN/AFreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 700SN/A | | / / | \ | 710SN/AFreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 720SN/A | / | / | \ | 730SN/AFreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 740SN/A | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 750SN/A | / | | \ | 760SN/AFreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 770SN/A | \ | | 780SN/AFreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 790SN/A | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 800SN/A | | \ | | | | | 810SN/A | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 8210299SN/A | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 830SN/A | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 840SN/A | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 850SN/AFreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 860SN/A | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 870SN/A | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 880SN/A | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 891139SN/A | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 901117SN/A | | | | | \ | | 911117SN/A | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 920SN/A | | | | | \ | | 9314101SN/A | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 9414101SN/A | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 9514101SN/A | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 9614101SN/A | | | | | | 9714101SN/A | | | | | | 9814101SN/A *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 990SN/A | \ | | | | | 1000SN/A | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 1010SN/A | | | | | | | 1020SN/A | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 1035731SN/A | | | | | | | 1040SN/A | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 1050SN/A | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 1060SN/A | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 1070SN/A | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 1080SN/A | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 1095116SN/A | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 1100SN/A | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 1110SN/A | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 1120SN/A | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 1130SN/A | v | | | | | | 1140SN/A | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 1150SN/A | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 1160SN/AFreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 1170SN/A | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 1180SN/A *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 1195321SN/A | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 1205321SN/A | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 1210SN/A | | | | | | | | | 1220SN/A | | | | | | | | | 1230SN/A | | | | | | | | | 1240SN/A | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 1250SN/A | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 1260SN/A | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 1270SN/A | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 1280SN/AFreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 1290SN/A | | | | | | | | | 1300SN/A | | | | | | | | | 1310SN/A | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 1320SN/A | | | | | | | | | 1330SN/A | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 1340SN/A | | | | | | | | 1350SN/A *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 1360SN/A | | | | (?) | | | | 1370SN/A | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 1380SN/A | | | | / | | | | 1390SN/A | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140494SN/A | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141494SN/A | | | | v | | 1420SN/A | | | | | | 143494SN/A | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144494SN/A | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145494SN/A | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 1460SN/A | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 1470SN/A | | | | | | | 1480SN/A | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 1490SN/A | | | Mac OS X | | | | 1500SN/A | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 1510SN/A | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 1520SN/A | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 1530SN/A | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 1540SN/A | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 1550SN/A | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | | 1560SN/A | | 10.2 | v | | 1570SN/A | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 1580SN/A | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 1590SN/A | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 1600SN/A | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 1610SN/A | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 1620SN/A | | \ | | | | | 1630SN/A | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 1640SN/A | | | | | | | 1650SN/A | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 1660SN/A | | | | | | | 1670SN/A | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 1681122SN/A | | | | | v | 1691122SN/A | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 1700SN/A | | | | | | 1710SN/A | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 1720SN/A | | | | | | 1730SN/A | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 1740SN/A | | | | \ 1750SN/AFreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 1760SN/A | | | | | 177FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 178 | \ | | | | 179 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 180 | 10.3 | | | 181FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 182 | | | | | | 183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 184 | | | | | 185 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 187 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | | 188 | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 189 | | Mac OS X | | | 190 | FreeBSD 5.4 10.4 | | | 191 | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 192 | V | | | | 193 | | | | | 194FreeBSD 6 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 195 | | | | | 196 v v v v v 197 198Time 199---------------- 200 201Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 202was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 203 204[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 205 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 206 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 207[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 208[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 209[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 210[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 211[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 212[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 213 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 214[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 215 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 216[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 217 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 218 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 219[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 220[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 221[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 222[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 223[USE] Usenet announcement. 224[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 225[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 226 227Multics 1965 228UNIX Summer 1969 229 DEC PDP-7 230First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 231 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 232Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 233 10 UNIX installations 234Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 235 Pipes, 16 installations 236Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 237 rewriting in C effected, 238 above 30 installations 239Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 240 above 50 installations 241Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 242 port to DEC Vax 243Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 244 first portable UNIX 245Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 246 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 247 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 248 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 249 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 250 and networking part by the streams mechanism 251 252Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 253Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 254 2551BSD late 1977 256 1978-03-09 [QCU] 257 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 258 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 259 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2602BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 261 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2622.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2632.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 264 2652.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 266 set of performance improvements 2672.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2682.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2692.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2702.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2712.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2722.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2732.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 274 27532V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2763BSD late 1979 [QCU] 277 virtual memory, page replacement, 278 demand paging 2794.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2804.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2814.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 282 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2834.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2844.1cBSD late 1982 285 beta release, IPC [44B] 2864.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 287 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2884.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 289 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2904.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2914.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 292 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2934.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2944.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 295 296BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 297 first code released to people outside BSDI 298386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 299BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 300BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 301386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 3024.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 303BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 304 first external gamma; G customers 305BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 306 would have been 1.0 except for request 307 for preliminary injunction 308BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 309 injunction denied; first official release 310NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 3114.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 312NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 313FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 314BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 3154.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 316FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 317FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 318 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 319NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 320386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 321FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 322BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 323FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 324BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3254.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 326 the true final distribution from the CSRG 327FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 328NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 329BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 330FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 331NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 332OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 333FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 334FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 335Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 336FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 337BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 338FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 339FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 340FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 341NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 342OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 343FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 344OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 345NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 346FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 347NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 348BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 349OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 350NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 351FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 352BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 353 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 354FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 355 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 356 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 357 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 358FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 359OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 360NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 361FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 362BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 363NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 364FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 365OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 366NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 367FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 368OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 369FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 370BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 371FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 372NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 373OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 374FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 375FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 376FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 377FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 378FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 379NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 380BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 381OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 382NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 383Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 384FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 385OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 386NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 387NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 388FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 389Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 390OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 391FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 392BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 393OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 394FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 395NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 396FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 397Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 398NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 399FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 400OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 401FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 402 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 403 -current, similar to 3.0. 404FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 405NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 406OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 407BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 408FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 409Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 410FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 411BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 412OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 413FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 414FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 415NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 416OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 417FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 418DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 419OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 420FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 421NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 422FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 423DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 424Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 425FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 426OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 427 428Bibliography 429------------------------ 430 431Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 432Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 433System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 434 435Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 436Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 437 438McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 439Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 440System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 441 442McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 443Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 444Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 445 446Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 447 448Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 449Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 450Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 451 452Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 453URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 454 455Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 456Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 457 458BSD Release Announcements collection. 459URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 460 461BSD Hypertext Man Pages 462URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 463 464UNIX history graphing project 465URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 466 467UNIX history 468URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 469 470James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 471URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 472("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 473 474 475Acknowledgments 476--------------- 477 478Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 479original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 480 481Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 482 483-- 484Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 485URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 486 487$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 146433 2005-05-20 05:13:25Z maxim $ 488