bsd-family-tree revision 140831
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | | 156 | | 10.2 | v | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | \ | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | | 165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 168 | | | | | v | 169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 170 | | | | | | 171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 174 | | | | \ 175FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 176 | | | | | 177FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 178 | \ | | | | 179 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 180 | 10.3 | | | 181FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 182 | | | | | | 183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 184 | | | | | 185 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 187 | v | NetBSD 2.0 | | 188 | | | | | 189FreeBSD 6 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 190 | | | | | 191 v v v v v 192 193Time 194---------------- 195 196Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 197was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 198 199[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 200 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 201 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 202[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 203[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 204[DFD] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 205[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 206[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 207[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 208 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 209[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 210 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 211[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 212 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 213 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 214[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 215[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 216[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 217[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 218[USE] Usenet announcement. 219[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 220[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 221 222Multics 1965 223UNIX Summer 1969 224 DEC PDP-7 225First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 226 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 227Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 228 10 UNIX installations 229Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 230 Pipes, 16 installations 231Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 232 rewriting in C effected, 233 above 30 installations 234Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 235 above 50 installations 236Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 237 port to DEC Vax 238Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 239 first portable UNIX 240Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 241 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 242 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 243 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 244 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 245 and networking part by the streams mechanism 246 247Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 248Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 249 2501BSD late 1977 251 1978-03-09 [QCU] 252 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 253 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 254 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2552BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 256 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2572.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2582.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 259 2602.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 261 set of performance improvements 2622.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2632.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2642.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2652.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2662.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2672.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2682.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 269 27032V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2713BSD late 1979 [QCU] 272 virtual memory, page replacement, 273 demand paging 2744.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2754.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2764.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 277 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2784.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2794.1cBSD late 1982 280 beta release, IPC [44B] 2814.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 282 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2834.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 284 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2854.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2864.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 287 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2884.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2894.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 290 291BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 292 first code released to people outside BSDI 293386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 294BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 295BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 296386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2974.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 298BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 299 first external gamma; G customers 300BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 301 would have been 1.0 except for request 302 for preliminary injunction 303BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 304 injunction denied; first official release 305NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 3064.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 307NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 308FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 309BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 3104.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 311FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 312FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 313 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 314NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 315386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 316FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 317BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 318FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 319BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3204.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 321 the true final distribution from the CSRG 322FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 323NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 324BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 325FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 326NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 327OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 328FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 329FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 330Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 331FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 332BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 333FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 334FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 335FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 336NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 337OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 338FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 339OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 340NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 341FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 342NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 343BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 344OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 345NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 346FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 347BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 348 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 349FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 350 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 351 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 352 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 353FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 354OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 355NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 356FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 357BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 358NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 359FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 360OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 361NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 362FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 363OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 364FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 365BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 366FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 367NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 368OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 369FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 370FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 371FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 372FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 373FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 374NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 375BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 376OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 377NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 378Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 379FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 380OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 381NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 382NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 383FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 384Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 385OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 386FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 387BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 388OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 389FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 390NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 391FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 392Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 393NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 394FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 395OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 396FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 397 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 398 -current, similar to 3.0. 399FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 400NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 401OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 402BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 403FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 404Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 405FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 406BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 407OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 408FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 409FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 410NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 411OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 412FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 413DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFD] 414OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 415FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 416NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 417FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 418 419Bibliography 420------------------------ 421 422Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 423Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 424System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 425 426Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 427Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 428 429McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 430Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 431System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 432 433McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 434Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 435Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 436 437Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 438 439Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 440Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 441Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 442 443Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 444URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 445 446Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 447Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 448 449BSD Release Announcements collection. 450URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 451 452BSD Hypertext Man Pages 453URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 454 455UNIX history graphing project 456URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 457 458UNIX history 459URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 460 461James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 462URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 463("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 464 465 466Acknowledgments 467--------------- 468 469Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 470original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 471 472Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 473 474-- 475Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 476URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 477 478$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 140831 2005-01-25 19:16:09Z maxim $ 479