bsd-family-tree revision 137326
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | | 156 | | 10.2 | v | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | \ | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | | 165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 168 | | | | | v | 169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 170 | | | | | | 171 | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 172 | | | | \ 173FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 176 | \ | | | | 177 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 178 | 10.3 | | | 179FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 180 | | | | | | 181 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 182 | | | | | 183 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 184 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 185 | v | | | | 186 | | | | | 187FreeBSD 6 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 188 | | | | | 189 v v v v v 190 191Time 192---------------- 193 194Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 195was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 196 197[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 198 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 199 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 200[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 201[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 202[DFD] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 203[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 204[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 205[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 206 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 207[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 208 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 209[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 210 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 211 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 212[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 213[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 214[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 215[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 216[USE] Usenet announcement. 217[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 218[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 219 220Multics 1965 221UNIX Summer 1969 222 DEC PDP-7 223First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 224 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 225Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 226 10 UNIX installations 227Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 228 Pipes, 16 installations 229Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 230 rewriting in C effected, 231 above 30 installations 232Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 233 above 50 installations 234Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 235 port to DEC Vax 236Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 237 first portable UNIX 238Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 239 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 240 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 241 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 242 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 243 and networking part by the streams mechanism 244 245Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 246Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 247 2481BSD late 1977 249 1978-03-09 [QCU] 250 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 251 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 252 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2532BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 254 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2552.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2562.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 257 2582.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 259 set of performance improvements 2602.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2612.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2622.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2632.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2642.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2652.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2662.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 267 26832V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2693BSD late 1979 [QCU] 270 virtual memory, page replacement, 271 demand paging 2724.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2734.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2744.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 275 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2764.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2774.1cBSD late 1982 278 beta release, IPC [44B] 2794.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 280 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2814.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 282 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2834.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2844.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 285 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2864.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2874.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 288 289BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 290 first code released to people outside BSDI 291386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 292BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 293BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 294386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2954.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 296BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 297 first external gamma; G customers 298BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 299 would have been 1.0 except for request 300 for preliminary injunction 301BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 302 injunction denied; first official release 303NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 3044.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 305NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 306FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 307BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 3084.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 309FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 310FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 311 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 312NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 313386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 314FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 315BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 316FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 317BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3184.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 319 the true final distribution from the CSRG 320FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 321NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 322BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 323FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 324NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 325OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 326FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 327FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 328Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 329FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 330BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 331FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 332FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 333FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 334NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 335OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 336FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 337OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 338NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 339FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 340NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 341BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 342OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 343NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 344FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 345BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 346 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 347FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 348 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 349 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 350 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 351FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 352OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 353NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 354FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 355BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 356NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 357FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 358OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 359NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 360FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 361OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 362FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 363BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 364FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 365NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 366OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 367FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 368FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 369FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 370FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 371FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 372NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 373BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 374OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 375NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 376Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 377FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 378OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 379NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 380NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 381FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 382Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 383OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 384FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 385BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 386OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 387FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 388NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 389FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 390Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 391NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 392FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 393OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 394FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 395 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 396 -current, similar to 3.0. 397FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 398NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 399OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 400BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 401FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 402Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 403FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 404BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 405OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 406FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 407FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 408NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 409OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 410FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 411DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFD] 412OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 413FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 414 415Bibliography 416------------------------ 417 418Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 419Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 420System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 421 422Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 423Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 424 425McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 426Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 427System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 428 429McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 430Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 431Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 432 433Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 434 435Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 436Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 437Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 438 439Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 440URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 441 442Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 443Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 444 445BSD Release Announcements collection. 446URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 447 448BSD Hypertext Man Pages 449URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 450 451UNIX history graphing project 452URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 453 454UNIX history 455URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 456 457James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 458URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 459("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 460 461 462Acknowledgments 463--------------- 464 465Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 466original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 467 468Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 469 470-- 471Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 472URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 473 474$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 137326 2004-11-07 03:55:47Z hrs $ 475