bsd-family-tree revision 126724
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | | 156 | | 10.2 | v | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | | | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | 165 | v | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | 167 | | | v | 168FreeBSD 5.0 | | | 169 | | | | 170FreeBSD 5.1 | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 171 | \ | | | 172 | ----- Mac OS X | | 173 | 10.3 | | 174FreeBSD 5.2 | | | 175 | | | | | 176 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | 177 | | | | 178FreeBSD 5 -current | | | 179 | | | | 180 v v v v 181 182Time 183---------------- 184 185Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 186was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 187 188[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 189 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 190 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 191[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 192[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 193[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 194[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 195[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 196 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 197[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 198 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 199[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 200 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 201 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 202[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 203[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 204[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 205[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 206[USE] Usenet announcement. 207[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 208[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 209 210Multics 1965 211UNIX Summer 1969 212 DEC PDP-7 213First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 214 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 215Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 216 10 UNIX installations 217Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 218 Pipes, 16 installations 219Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 220 rewriting in C effected, 221 above 30 installations 222Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 223 above 50 installations 224Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 225 port to DEC Vax 226Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 227 first portable UNIX 228Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 229 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 230 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 231 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 232 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 233 and networking part by the streams mechanism 234 235Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 236Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 237 2381BSD late 1977 239 1978-03-09 [QCU] 240 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 241 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 242 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2432BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 244 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2452.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2462.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 247 2482.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 249 set of performance improvements 2502.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2512.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2522.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2532.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2542.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2552.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2562.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 257 25832V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2593BSD late 1979 [QCU] 260 virtual memory, page replacement, 261 demand paging 2624.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2634.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2644.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 265 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2664.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2674.1cBSD late 1982 268 beta release, IPC [44B] 2694.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 270 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2714.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 272 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2734.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2744.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 275 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2764.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2774.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 278 279BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 280 first code released to people outside BSDI 281386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 282BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 283BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 284386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2854.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 286BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 287 first external gamma; G customers 288BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 289 would have been 1.0 except for request 290 for preliminary injunction 291BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 292 injunction denied; first official release 293NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2944.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 295NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 296FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 297BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 2984.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 299FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 300FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 301 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 302NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 303386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 304FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 305BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 306FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 307BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3084.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 309 the true final distribution from the CSRG 310FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 311NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 312BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 313FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 314NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 315OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 316FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 317FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 318Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 319FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 320BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 321FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 322FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 323FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 324NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 325OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 326FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 327OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 328NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 329FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 330NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 331BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 332OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 333NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 334FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 335BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 336 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 337FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 338 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 339 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 340 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 341FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 342OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 343NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 344FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 345BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 346NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 347FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 348OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 349NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 350FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 351OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 352FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 353BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 354FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 355NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 356OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 357FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 358FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 359FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 360FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 361FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 362NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 363BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 364OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 365NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 366Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 367FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 368OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 369NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 370NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 371FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 372Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 373OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 374FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 375BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 376OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 377FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 378NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 379FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 380Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 381NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 382FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 383OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 384FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 385 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 386 -current, similar to 3.0. 387FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 388NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 389OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 390BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 391FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 392Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 393FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 394BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 395OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 396FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 397FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 398NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] 399 400Bibliography 401------------------------ 402 403Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 404Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 405System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 406 407Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 408Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 409 410McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 411Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 412System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 413 414Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 415 416Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 417Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 418Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 419 420Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 421URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 422 423Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 424Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 425 426BSD Release Announcements collection. 427URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 428 429BSD Hypertext Man Pages 430URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 431 432UNIX history graphing project 433URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 434 435UNIX history 436URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 437 438James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 439URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 440("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 441 442 443Acknowledgments 444--------------- 445 446Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 447original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 448 449Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 450 451-- 452Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 453URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 454 455$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 126724 2004-03-07 16:44:10Z wosch $ 456