bsd-family-tree revision 119217
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | | 156 | | 10.2 | v | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | v | | | OpenBSD 3.3 | 162 | | | v | | 163FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 164 | | | | BSD/OS 5.0 165FreeBSD 5.1 | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 166 | | | | v 167FreeBSD 5 -current | | | 168 | | | | 169 v v v v 170 171Time 172---------------- 173 174Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 175was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 176 177[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 178 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 179 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 180[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 181[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 182[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 183[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 184[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 185 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 186[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 187 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 188[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 189 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 190 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 191[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 192[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 193[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 194[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 195[USE] Usenet announcement. 196[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 197[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 198 199Multics 1965 200UNIX Summer 1969 201 DEC PDP-7 202First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 203 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 204Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 205 10 UNIX installations 206Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 207 Pipes, 16 installations 208Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 209 rewriting in C effected, 210 above 30 installations 211Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 212 above 50 installations 213Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 214 port to DEC Vax 215Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 216 first portable UNIX 217Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 218 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 219 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 220 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 221 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 222 and networking part by the streams mechanism 223 224Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 225Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 226 2271BSD late 1977 228 1978-03-09 [QCU] 229 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 230 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 231 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2322BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 233 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2342.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2352.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 236 2372.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 238 set of performance improvements 2392.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2402.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2412.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2422.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2432.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2442.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2452.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 246 24732V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2483BSD late 1979 [QCU] 249 virtual memory, page replacement, 250 demand paging 2514.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2524.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2534.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 254 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2554.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2564.1cBSD late 1982 257 beta release, IPC [44B] 2584.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 259 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2604.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 261 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2624.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2634.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 264 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2654.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2664.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 267 268BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 269 first code released to people outside BSDI 270386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 271BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 272BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 273386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2744.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 275BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 276 first external gamma; G customers 277BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 278 would have been 1.0 except for request 279 for preliminary injunction 280BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 281 injunction denied; first official release 282NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2834.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 284NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 285FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 286BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 2874.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 288FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 289FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 290 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 291NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 292386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 293FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 294BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 295FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 296BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 2974.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 298 the true final distribution from the CSRG 299FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 300NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 301BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 302FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 303NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 304OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 305FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 306FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 307Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 308FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 309BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 310FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 311FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 312FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 313NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 314OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 315FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 316OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 317NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 318FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 319NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 320BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 321OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 322NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 323FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 324BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 325 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 326FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 327 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 328 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 329 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 330FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 331OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 332NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 333FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 334BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 335NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 336FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 337OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 338NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 339FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 340OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 341FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 342BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 343FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 344NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 345OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 346FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 347FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 348FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 349FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 350FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 351NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 352BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 353OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 354NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 355Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 356FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 357OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 358NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 359NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 360FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 361Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 362OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 363FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 364BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 365OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 366FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 367NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 368FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 369Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 370NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 371FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 372OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 373FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 374 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 375 -current, similar to 3.0. 376FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 377NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 378OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 379BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 380FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 381 382 383Bibliography 384------------------------ 385 386Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 387Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 388System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 389 390Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 391Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 392 393McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 394Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 395System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 396 397Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 398 399Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 400Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 401Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 402 403Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 404URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 405 406Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 407Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 408 409BSD Release Announcements collection. 410URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 411 412BSD Hypertext Man Pages 413URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 414 415UNIX history graphing project 416URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 417 418UNIX history 419URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 420 421James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 422URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 423("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 424 425 426Acknowledgments 427--------------- 428 429Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 430original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 431 432Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 433 434-- 435Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 436URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 437 438$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 119217 2003-08-21 16:48:38Z murray $ 439