fdisk.c revision 95860 
1/*
2 * Mach Operating System
3 * Copyright (c) 1992 Carnegie Mellon University
4 * All Rights Reserved.
5 *
6 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
7 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
8 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
9 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
10 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
11 *
12 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
13 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
14 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
15 *
16 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
17 *
18 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
19 *  School of Computer Science
20 *  Carnegie Mellon University
21 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
22 *
23 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
24 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
25 */
26
27#ifndef lint
28static const char rcsid[] =
29  "$FreeBSD: head/sbin/fdisk/fdisk.c 95860 2002-05-01 06:48:29Z peter $";
30#endif /* not lint */
31
32#include <sys/disklabel.h>
33#include <sys/param.h>
34#include <sys/stat.h>
35#include <sys/mount.h>
36#include <ctype.h>
37#include <fcntl.h>
38#include <err.h>
39#include <errno.h>
40#include <paths.h>
41#include <regex.h>
42#include <stdio.h>
43#include <stdlib.h>
44#include <string.h>
45#include <unistd.h>
46
47int iotest;
48
49#define LBUF 100
50static char lbuf[LBUF];
51
52#define MBRSIGOFF	510
53
54/*
55 *
56 * Ported to 386bsd by Julian Elischer  Thu Oct 15 20:26:46 PDT 1992
57 *
58 * 14-Dec-89  Robert Baron (rvb) at Carnegie-Mellon University
59 *	Copyright (c) 1989	Robert. V. Baron
60 *	Created.
61 */
62
63#define Decimal(str, ans, tmp) if (decimal(str, &tmp, ans)) ans = tmp
64
65#define RoundCyl(x) ((((x) + cylsecs - 1) / cylsecs) * cylsecs)
66
67#define MAX_SEC_SIZE 2048	/* maximum section size that is supported */
68#define MIN_SEC_SIZE 512	/* the sector size to start sensing at */
69static int secsize = 0;		/* the sensed sector size */
70
71static char *disk;
72
73static struct disklabel disklabel;		/* disk parameters */
74
75static int cyls, sectors, heads, cylsecs, disksecs;
76
77struct mboot {
78	unsigned char padding[2]; /* force the longs to be long aligned */
79  	unsigned char *bootinst;  /* boot code */
80  	off_t bootinst_size;
81	struct	dos_partition parts[4];
82};
83
84static struct mboot mboot;
85static int fd;
86
87#define ACTIVE 0x80
88#define BOOT_MAGIC 0xAA55
89
90static uint dos_cyls;
91static uint dos_heads;
92static uint dos_sectors;
93static uint dos_cylsecs;
94
95#define DOSSECT(s,c) ((s & 0x3f) | ((c >> 2) & 0xc0))
96#define DOSCYL(c)	(c & 0xff)
97
98#define MAX_ARGS	10
99
100static int	current_line_number;
101
102static int	geom_processed = 0;
103static int	part_processed = 0;
104static int	active_processed = 0;
105
106typedef struct cmd {
107    char		cmd;
108    int			n_args;
109    struct arg {
110	char	argtype;
111	int	arg_val;
112    }			args[MAX_ARGS];
113} CMD;
114
115static int B_flag  = 0;		/* replace boot code */
116static int I_flag  = 0;		/* use entire disk for FreeBSD */
117static int a_flag  = 0;		/* set active partition */
118static char *b_flag = NULL;	/* path to boot code */
119static int i_flag  = 0;		/* replace partition data */
120static int u_flag  = 0;		/* update partition data */
121static int s_flag  = 0;		/* Print a summary and exit */
122static int t_flag  = 0;		/* test only */
123static char *f_flag = NULL;	/* Read config info from file */
124static int v_flag  = 0;		/* Be verbose */
125
126static struct part_type
127{
128 unsigned char type;
129	const char *name;
130} part_types[] = {
131	 {0x00, "unused"}
132	,{0x01, "Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT"}
133	,{0x02, "XENIX / filesystem"}
134	,{0x03, "XENIX /usr filesystem"}
135	,{0x04, "Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
136	,{0x05, "Extended DOS"}
137	,{0x06, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB)"}
138	,{0x07, "OS/2 HPFS, NTFS, QNX-2 (16 bit) or Advanced UNIX"}
139	,{0x08, "AIX filesystem or SplitDrive"}
140	,{0x09, "AIX boot partition or Coherent"}
141	,{0x0A, "OS/2 Boot Manager, OPUS or Coherent swap"}
142	,{0x0B, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT"}
143	,{0x0C, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT (LBA)"}
144	,{0x0E, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB, LBA)"}
145	,{0x0F, "Extended DOS (LBA)"}
146	,{0x10, "OPUS"}
147	,{0x11, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 12-bit FAT"}
148	,{0x12, "Compaq diagnostics"}
149	,{0x14, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
150	,{0x16, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
151	,{0x17, "OS/2 BM: hidden IFS (e.g. HPFS)"}
152	,{0x18, "AST Windows swapfile"}
153	,{0x24, "NEC DOS"}
154	,{0x3C, "PartitionMagic recovery"}
155	,{0x39, "plan9"}
156	,{0x40, "VENIX 286"}
157	,{0x41, "Linux/MINIX (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
158	,{0x42, "SFS or Linux swap (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
159	,{0x43, "Linux native (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
160	,{0x4D, "QNX 4.2 Primary"}
161	,{0x4E, "QNX 4.2 Secondary"}
162	,{0x4F, "QNX 4.2 Tertiary"}
163	,{0x50, "DM (disk manager)"}
164	,{0x51, "DM6 Aux1 (or Novell)"}
165	,{0x52, "CP/M or Microport SysV/AT"}
166	,{0x53, "DM6 Aux3"}
167	,{0x54, "DM6"}
168	,{0x55, "EZ-Drive (disk manager)"}
169	,{0x56, "Golden Bow (disk manager)"}
170	,{0x5c, "Priam Edisk (disk manager)"} /* according to S. Widlake */
171	,{0x61, "SpeedStor"}
172	,{0x63, "System V/386 (such as ISC UNIX), GNU HURD or Mach"}
173	,{0x64, "Novell Netware/286 2.xx"}
174	,{0x65, "Novell Netware/386 3.xx"}
175	,{0x70, "DiskSecure Multi-Boot"}
176	,{0x75, "PCIX"}
177	,{0x77, "QNX4.x"}
178	,{0x78, "QNX4.x 2nd part"}
179	,{0x79, "QNX4.x 3rd part"}
180	,{0x80, "Minix until 1.4a"}
181	,{0x81, "Minix since 1.4b, early Linux partition or Mitac disk manager"}
182	,{0x82, "Linux swap or Solaris x86"}
183	,{0x83, "Linux native"}
184	,{0x84, "OS/2 hidden C: drive"}
185	,{0x85, "Linux extended"}
186	,{0x86, "NTFS volume set??"}
187	,{0x87, "NTFS volume set??"}
188	,{0x93, "Amoeba filesystem"}
189	,{0x94, "Amoeba bad block table"}
190	,{0x9F, "BSD/OS"}
191	,{0xA0, "Suspend to Disk"}
192	,{0xA5, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
193	,{0xA6, "OpenBSD"}
194	,{0xA7, "NeXTSTEP"}
195	,{0xA9, "NetBSD"}
196	,{0xAC, "IBM JFS"}
197	,{0xB7, "BSDI BSD/386 filesystem"}
198	,{0xB8, "BSDI BSD/386 swap"}
199	,{0xC1, "DRDOS/sec with 12-bit FAT"}
200	,{0xC4, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
201	,{0xC6, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
202	,{0xC7, "Syrinx"}
203	,{0xDB, "CP/M, Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS or CTOS"}
204	,{0xE1, "DOS access or SpeedStor with 12-bit FAT extended partition"}
205	,{0xE3, "DOS R/O or SpeedStor"}
206	,{0xE4, "SpeedStor with 16-bit FAT extended partition < 1024 cyl."}
207	,{0xEB, "BeOS filesystem"}
208	,{0xEE, "EFI GPT"}
209	,{0xEF, "EFI System Partition"}
210	,{0xF1, "SpeedStor"}
211	,{0xF2, "DOS 3.3+ Secondary"}
212	,{0xF4, "SpeedStor large partition"}
213	,{0xFE, "SpeedStor >1024 cyl. or LANstep"}
214	,{0xFF, "Xenix bad blocks table"}
215};
216
217static void print_s0(int which);
218static void print_part(int i);
219static void init_sector0(unsigned long start);
220static void init_boot(void);
221static void change_part(int i);
222static void print_params(void);
223static void change_active(int which);
224static void change_code(void);
225static void get_params_to_use(void);
226static char *get_rootdisk(void);
227static void dos(struct dos_partition *partp);
228static int open_disk(int flag);
229static ssize_t read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
230static ssize_t write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
231static int get_params(void);
232static int read_s0(void);
233static int write_s0(void);
234static int ok(const char *str);
235static int decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt);
236static const char *get_type(int type);
237static int read_config(char *config_file);
238static void reset_boot(void);
239static int sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *);
240static void usage(void);
241
242int
243main(int argc, char *argv[])
244{
245	struct	stat sb;
246	int	c, i;
247	int	partition = -1;
248	struct	dos_partition *partp;
249
250	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "BIab:f:istuv1234")) != -1)
251		switch (c) {
252		case 'B':
253			B_flag = 1;
254			break;
255		case 'I':
256			I_flag = 1;
257			break;
258		case 'a':
259			a_flag = 1;
260			break;
261		case 'b':
262			b_flag = optarg;
263			break;
264		case 'f':
265			f_flag = optarg;
266			break;
267		case 'i':
268			i_flag = 1;
269			break;
270		case 's':
271			s_flag = 1;
272			break;
273		case 't':
274			t_flag = 1;
275			break;
276		case 'u':
277			u_flag = 1;
278			break;
279		case 'v':
280			v_flag = 1;
281			break;
282		case '1':
283		case '2':
284		case '3':
285		case '4':
286			partition = c - '0';
287			break;
288		default:
289			usage();
290		}
291	if (f_flag || i_flag)
292		u_flag = 1;
293	if (t_flag)
294		v_flag = 1;
295	argc -= optind;
296	argv += optind;
297
298	if (argc == 0) {
299		disk = get_rootdisk();
300	} else {
301		if (stat(argv[0], &sb) == 0) {
302			/* OK, full pathname given */
303			disk = argv[0];
304		} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
305			/* Try prepending "/dev" */
306			asprintf(&disk, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
307			if (disk == NULL)
308				errx(1, "out of memory");
309		} else {
310			/* other stat error, let it fail below */
311			disk = argv[0];
312		}
313	}
314	if (open_disk(u_flag) < 0)
315		err(1, "cannot open disk %s", disk);
316
317	/* (abu)use mboot.bootinst to probe for the sector size */
318	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(MAX_SEC_SIZE)) == NULL)
319		err(1, "cannot allocate buffer to determine disk sector size");
320	read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst);
321	free(mboot.bootinst);
322	mboot.bootinst = NULL;
323
324	if (s_flag) {
325		if (read_s0())
326			err(1, "read_s0");
327		printf("%s: %d cyl %d hd %d sec\n", disk, dos_cyls, dos_heads,
328		    dos_sectors);
329		printf("Part  %11s %11s Type Flags\n", "Start", "Size");
330		for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
331			partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
332			if (partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0)
333				continue;
334			printf("%4d: %11lu %11lu 0x%02x 0x%02x\n", i + 1,
335			    (u_long) partp->dp_start,
336			    (u_long) partp->dp_size, partp->dp_typ,
337			    partp->dp_flag);
338		}
339		exit(0);
340	}
341
342	printf("******* Working on device %s *******\n",disk);
343
344	if (I_flag) {
345		read_s0();
346		reset_boot();
347		partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
348		partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
349		partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
350		partp->dp_start = dos_sectors;
351		partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs -
352		    dos_sectors;
353		dos(partp);
354		if (v_flag)
355			print_s0(-1);
356		if (!t_flag)
357			write_s0();
358		exit(0);
359	}
360	if (f_flag) {
361	    if (read_s0() || i_flag)
362		reset_boot();
363	    if (!read_config(f_flag))
364		exit(1);
365	    if (v_flag)
366		print_s0(-1);
367	    if (!t_flag)
368		write_s0();
369	} else {
370	    if(u_flag)
371		get_params_to_use();
372	    else
373		print_params();
374
375	    if (read_s0())
376		init_sector0(dos_sectors);
377
378	    printf("Media sector size is %d\n", secsize);
379	    printf("Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1\n");
380	    printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
381	    if (partition == -1)
382		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
383		    change_part(i);
384	    else
385		change_part(partition);
386
387	    if (u_flag || a_flag)
388		change_active(partition);
389
390	    if (B_flag)
391		change_code();
392
393	    if (u_flag || a_flag || B_flag) {
394		if (!t_flag) {
395		    printf("\nWe haven't changed the partition table yet.  ");
396		    printf("This is your last chance.\n");
397		}
398		print_s0(-1);
399		if (!t_flag) {
400		    if (ok("Should we write new partition table?"))
401			write_s0();
402			} else {
403		    printf("\n-t flag specified -- partition table not written.\n");
404		}
405	    }
406	}
407
408	exit(0);
409}
410
411static void
412usage()
413{
414	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
415		"usage: fdisk [-BIaistu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk]\n",
416 		"       fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk]\n");
417        exit(1);
418}
419
420static void
421print_s0(int which)
422{
423	int	i;
424
425	print_params();
426	printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
427	if (which == -1)
428		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
429			printf("%d: ", i), print_part(i);
430	else
431		print_part(which);
432}
433
434static struct dos_partition mtpart;
435
436static void
437print_part(int i)
438{
439	struct	  dos_partition *partp;
440	u_int64_t part_mb;
441
442	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
443
444	if (!bcmp(partp, &mtpart, sizeof (struct dos_partition))) {
445		printf("<UNUSED>\n");
446		return;
447	}
448	/*
449	 * Be careful not to overflow.
450	 */
451	part_mb = partp->dp_size;
452	part_mb *= secsize;
453	part_mb /= (1024 * 1024);
454	printf("sysid %d (%#04x),(%s)\n", partp->dp_typ, partp->dp_typ,
455	    get_type(partp->dp_typ));
456	printf("    start %lu, size %lu (%qd Meg), flag %x%s\n",
457		(u_long)partp->dp_start,
458		(u_long)partp->dp_size,
459		part_mb,
460		partp->dp_flag,
461		partp->dp_flag == ACTIVE ? " (active)" : "");
462	printf("\tbeg: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d;\n\tend: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d\n"
463		,DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl, partp->dp_ssect)
464		,partp->dp_shd
465		,DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect)
466		,DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl, partp->dp_esect)
467		,partp->dp_ehd
468		,DPSECT(partp->dp_esect));
469}
470
471
472static void
473init_boot(void)
474{
475#ifndef __ia64__
476	const char *fname;
477	int fdesc, n;
478	struct stat sb;
479
480	fname = b_flag ? b_flag : "/boot/mbr";
481	if ((fdesc = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ||
482	    fstat(fdesc, &sb) == -1)
483		err(1, "%s", fname);
484	if ((mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size) % secsize != 0)
485		errx(1, "%s: length must be a multiple of sector size", fname);
486	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
487		free(mboot.bootinst);
488	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size)) == NULL)
489		errx(1, "%s: unable to allocate read buffer", fname);
490	if ((n = read(fdesc, mboot.bootinst, mboot.bootinst_size)) == -1 ||
491	    close(fdesc))
492		err(1, "%s", fname);
493	if (n != mboot.bootinst_size)
494		errx(1, "%s: short read", fname);
495#else
496	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
497		free(mboot.bootinst);
498	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
499	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL)
500		errx(1, "unable to allocate boot block buffer");
501	memset(mboot.bootinst, 0, mboot.bootinst_size);
502	*(uint16_t *)&mboot.bootinst[MBRSIGOFF] = BOOT_MAGIC;
503#endif
504}
505
506
507static void
508init_sector0(unsigned long start)
509{
510	struct dos_partition *partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[3]);
511
512	init_boot();
513
514	partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
515	partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
516	start = ((start + dos_sectors - 1) / dos_sectors) * dos_sectors;
517	if(start == 0)
518		start = dos_sectors;
519	partp->dp_start = start;
520	partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs - start;
521
522	dos(partp);
523}
524
525static void
526change_part(int i)
527{
528	struct dos_partition *partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
529
530    printf("The data for partition %d is:\n", i);
531    print_part(i);
532
533    if (u_flag && ok("Do you want to change it?")) {
534	int tmp;
535
536	if (i_flag) {
537		bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
538		if (i == 4) {
539			init_sector0(1);
540			printf("\nThe static data for the DOS partition 4 has been reinitialized to:\n");
541			print_part(i);
542		}
543	}
544
545	do {
546		Decimal("sysid (165=FreeBSD)", partp->dp_typ, tmp);
547		Decimal("start", partp->dp_start, tmp);
548		Decimal("size", partp->dp_size, tmp);
549		if (!sanitize_partition(partp)) {
550			warnx("ERROR: failed to adjust; setting sysid to 0");
551			partp->dp_typ = 0;
552		}
553
554		if (ok("Explicitly specify beg/end address ?"))
555		{
556			int	tsec,tcyl,thd;
557			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl,partp->dp_ssect);
558			thd = partp->dp_shd;
559			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect);
560			Decimal("beginning cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
561			Decimal("beginning head", thd, tmp);
562			Decimal("beginning sector", tsec, tmp);
563			partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
564			partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
565			partp->dp_shd = thd;
566
567			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl,partp->dp_esect);
568			thd = partp->dp_ehd;
569			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_esect);
570			Decimal("ending cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
571			Decimal("ending head", thd, tmp);
572			Decimal("ending sector", tsec, tmp);
573			partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
574			partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
575			partp->dp_ehd = thd;
576		} else
577			dos(partp);
578
579		print_part(i);
580	} while (!ok("Are we happy with this entry?"));
581    }
582    }
583
584static void
585print_params()
586{
587	printf("parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:\n");
588	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
589			,cyls,heads,sectors,cylsecs);
590	if((dos_sectors > 63) || (dos_cyls > 1023) || (dos_heads > 255))
591		printf("Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1\n");
592	printf("parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:\n");
593	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
594		,dos_cyls,dos_heads,dos_sectors,dos_cylsecs);
595}
596
597static void
598change_active(int which)
599{
600	struct dos_partition *partp = &mboot.parts[0];
601	int active, i, new, tmp;
602
603	active = -1;
604	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
605		if ((partp[i].dp_flag & ACTIVE) == 0)
606			continue;
607		printf("Partition %d is marked active\n", i + 1);
608		if (active == -1)
609			active = i + 1;
610	}
611	if (a_flag && which != -1)
612		active = which;
613	else if (active == -1)
614		active = 1;
615
616	if (!ok("Do you want to change the active partition?"))
617		return;
618setactive:
619	do {
620		new = active;
621		Decimal("active partition", new, tmp);
622		if (new < 1 || new > 4) {
623			printf("Active partition number must be in range 1-4."
624					"  Try again.\n");
625			goto setactive;
626		}
627		active = new;
628	} while (!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
629	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
630		partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
631	if (active > 0 && active <= NDOSPART)
632		partp[active-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
633}
634
635static void
636change_code()
637{
638	if (ok("Do you want to change the boot code?"))
639		init_boot();
640}
641
642void
643get_params_to_use()
644{
645	int	tmp;
646	print_params();
647	if (ok("Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks ?"))
648	{
649		do
650		{
651			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #cylinders", dos_cyls, tmp);
652			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #heads", dos_heads, tmp);
653			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #sectors", dos_sectors, tmp);
654			dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
655			print_params();
656		}
657		while(!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
658	}
659}
660
661
662/***********************************************\
663* Change real numbers into strange dos numbers	*
664\***********************************************/
665static void
666dos(struct dos_partition *partp)
667{
668	int cy, sec;
669	u_int32_t end;
670
671	if (partp->dp_typ == 0 && partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0) {
672		memcpy(partp, &mtpart, sizeof(*partp));
673		return;
674	}
675
676	/* Start c/h/s. */
677	partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_start % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
678	cy = partp->dp_start / dos_cylsecs;
679	sec = partp->dp_start % dos_sectors + 1;
680	partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(cy);
681	partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
682
683	/* End c/h/s. */
684	end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size - 1;
685	partp->dp_ehd = end % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
686	cy = end / dos_cylsecs;
687	sec = end % dos_sectors + 1;
688	partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(cy);
689	partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
690}
691
692static int
693open_disk(int flag)
694{
695	struct stat 	st;
696
697	if (stat(disk, &st) == -1) {
698		if (errno == ENOENT)
699			return -2;
700		warnx("can't get file status of %s", disk);
701		return -1;
702	}
703	if ( !(st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) )
704		warnx("device %s is not character special", disk);
705	if ((fd = open(disk,
706	    a_flag || I_flag || B_flag || flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
707		if(errno == ENXIO)
708			return -2;
709		warnx("can't open device %s", disk);
710		return -1;
711	}
712	if (get_params() == -1) {
713		warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s", disk);
714		return -1;
715	}
716	return fd;
717}
718
719static ssize_t
720read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
721{
722	lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
723	if( secsize == 0 )
724		for( secsize = MIN_SEC_SIZE; secsize <= MAX_SEC_SIZE; secsize *= 2 )
725			{
726			/* try the read */
727			int size = read(fd, buf, secsize);
728			if( size == secsize )
729				/* it worked so return */
730				return secsize;
731			}
732	else
733		return read( fd, buf, secsize );
734
735	/* we failed to read at any of the sizes */
736	return -1;
737}
738
739static ssize_t
740write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
741{
742	lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
743	/* write out in the size that the read_disk found worked */
744	return write(fd, buf, secsize);
745}
746
747static int
748get_params()
749{
750
751    if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &disklabel) == -1) {
752	warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s; supplying dummy ones", disk);
753	dos_cyls = cyls = 1;
754	dos_heads = heads = 1;
755	dos_sectors = sectors = 1;
756	dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
757	disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
758	return disksecs;
759    }
760
761    dos_cyls = cyls = disklabel.d_ncylinders;
762    dos_heads = heads = disklabel.d_ntracks;
763    dos_sectors = sectors = disklabel.d_nsectors;
764    dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
765    disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
766
767    return (disksecs);
768}
769
770
771static int
772read_s0()
773{
774	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
775	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
776		free(mboot.bootinst);
777	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL) {
778		warnx("unable to allocate buffer to read fdisk "
779		      "partition table");
780		return -1;
781	}
782	if (read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
783		warnx("can't read fdisk partition table");
784		return -1;
785	}
786	if (*(uint16_t *)&mboot.bootinst[MBRSIGOFF] != BOOT_MAGIC) {
787		warnx("invalid fdisk partition table found");
788		/* So should we initialize things */
789		return -1;
790	}
791	memcpy(mboot.parts, &mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF], sizeof(mboot.parts));
792	return 0;
793}
794
795static int
796write_s0()
797{
798	int	sector;
799
800	if (iotest) {
801		print_s0(-1);
802		return 0;
803	}
804	memcpy(&mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF], mboot.parts, sizeof(mboot.parts));
805	/*
806	 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
807	 * disable after writing.
808	 * needed if the disklabel protected area also protects
809	 * sector 0. (e.g. empty disk)
810	 */
811	for(sector = 0; sector < mboot.bootinst_size / secsize; sector++)
812		if (write_disk(sector,
813			       &mboot.bootinst[sector * secsize]) == -1) {
814			warn("can't write fdisk partition table");
815			return -1;
816		}
817	return(0);
818}
819
820
821static int
822ok(const char *str)
823{
824	printf("%s [n] ", str);
825	fflush(stdout);
826	if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
827		exit(1);
828	lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
829
830	if (*lbuf &&
831		(!strcmp(lbuf, "yes") || !strcmp(lbuf, "YES") ||
832		 !strcmp(lbuf, "y") || !strcmp(lbuf, "Y")))
833		return 1;
834	else
835		return 0;
836}
837
838static int
839decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt)
840{
841	int acc = 0, c;
842	char *cp;
843
844	while (1) {
845		printf("Supply a decimal value for \"%s\" [%d] ", str, deflt);
846		fflush(stdout);
847		if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
848			exit(1);
849		lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
850
851		if (!*lbuf)
852			return 0;
853
854		cp = lbuf;
855		while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
856		if (!c)
857			return 0;
858		while ((c = *cp++)) {
859			if (c <= '9' && c >= '0')
860				acc = acc * 10 + c - '0';
861			else
862				break;
863		}
864		if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
865			while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
866		if (!c) {
867			*num = acc;
868			return 1;
869		} else
870			printf("%s is an invalid decimal number.  Try again.\n",
871				lbuf);
872	}
873
874}
875
876static const char *
877get_type(int type)
878{
879	int	numentries = (sizeof(part_types)/sizeof(struct part_type));
880	int	counter = 0;
881	struct	part_type *ptr = part_types;
882
883
884	while(counter < numentries) {
885		if(ptr->type == type)
886			return(ptr->name);
887		ptr++;
888		counter++;
889	}
890	return("unknown");
891}
892
893
894static void
895parse_config_line(char *line, CMD *command)
896{
897    char	*cp, *end;
898
899    cp = line;
900    while (1) {
901	memset(command, 0, sizeof(*command));
902
903	while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
904	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
905	    break;
906	command->cmd = *cp++;
907
908	/*
909	 * Parse args
910	 */
911	    while (1) {
912	    while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
913	    if (*cp == '#')
914		break;		/* found comment */
915	    if (isalpha(*cp))
916		command->args[command->n_args].argtype = *cp++;
917	    if (!isdigit(*cp))
918		break;		/* assume end of line */
919	    end = NULL;
920	    command->args[command->n_args].arg_val = strtol(cp, &end, 0);
921	    if (cp == end)
922		break;		/* couldn't parse number */
923	    cp = end;
924	    command->n_args++;
925	}
926	break;
927    }
928}
929
930
931static int
932process_geometry(CMD *command)
933{
934    int		status = 1, i;
935
936    while (1) {
937	geom_processed = 1;
938	    if (part_processed) {
939	    warnx(
940	"ERROR line %d: the geometry specification line must occur before\n\
941    all partition specifications",
942		    current_line_number);
943	    status = 0;
944	    break;
945	}
946	    if (command->n_args != 3) {
947	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of geometry args",
948		    current_line_number);
949	    status = 0;
950	    break;
951	}
952	    dos_cyls = 0;
953	    dos_heads = 0;
954	    dos_sectors = 0;
955	    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
956		    switch (command->args[i].argtype) {
957	    case 'c':
958		dos_cyls = command->args[i].arg_val;
959		break;
960	    case 'h':
961		dos_heads = command->args[i].arg_val;
962		break;
963	    case 's':
964		dos_sectors = command->args[i].arg_val;
965		break;
966	    default:
967		warnx(
968		"ERROR line %d: unknown geometry arg type: '%c' (0x%02x)",
969			current_line_number, command->args[i].argtype,
970			command->args[i].argtype);
971		status = 0;
972		break;
973	    }
974	}
975	if (status == 0)
976	    break;
977
978	dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
979
980	/*
981	 * Do sanity checks on parameter values
982	 */
983	    if (dos_cyls == 0) {
984	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of cylinders not specified",
985		    current_line_number);
986	    status = 0;
987	}
988	    if (dos_cyls > 1024) {
989	    warnx(
990	"WARNING line %d: number of cylinders (%d) may be out-of-range\n\
991    (must be within 1-1024 for normal BIOS operation, unless the entire disk\n\
992    is dedicated to FreeBSD)",
993		    current_line_number, dos_cyls);
994	}
995
996	    if (dos_heads == 0) {
997	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads not specified",
998		    current_line_number);
999	    status = 0;
1000	    } else if (dos_heads > 256) {
1001	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads must be within (1-256)",
1002		    current_line_number);
1003	    status = 0;
1004	}
1005
1006	    if (dos_sectors == 0) {
1007	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors not specified",
1008		    current_line_number);
1009	    status = 0;
1010	    } else if (dos_sectors > 63) {
1011	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors must be within (1-63)",
1012		    current_line_number);
1013	    status = 0;
1014	}
1015
1016	break;
1017    }
1018    return (status);
1019}
1020
1021
1022static int
1023process_partition(CMD *command)
1024{
1025    int				status = 0, partition;
1026    u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1027    u_int32_t			adj_size, max_end;
1028    struct dos_partition	*partp;
1029
1030	while (1) {
1031	part_processed = 1;
1032		if (command->n_args != 4) {
1033	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of partition args",
1034		    current_line_number);
1035	    break;
1036	}
1037	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1038		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1039	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1040		    current_line_number, partition);
1041	    break;
1042	}
1043	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + partition - 1;
1044	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1045	partp->dp_typ = command->args[1].arg_val;
1046	partp->dp_start = command->args[2].arg_val;
1047	partp->dp_size = command->args[3].arg_val;
1048	max_end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size;
1049
1050		if (partp->dp_typ == 0) {
1051	    /*
1052	     * Get out, the partition is marked as unused.
1053	     */
1054	    /*
1055	     * Insure that it's unused.
1056	     */
1057	    bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1058	    status = 1;
1059	    break;
1060	}
1061
1062	/*
1063	 * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on an head boundary.
1064	 */
1065		if (partp->dp_start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1066	    prev_head_boundary = partp->dp_start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1067	    if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1068			    prev_head_boundary > max_end - dos_sectors) {
1069		/*
1070		 * Can't go past end of partition
1071		 */
1072		warnx(
1073	"ERROR line %d: unable to adjust start of partition %d to fall on\n\
1074    a head boundary",
1075			current_line_number, partition);
1076		break;
1077	    }
1078	    warnx(
1079	"WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition %d\n\
1080    from %u to %u, to fall on a head boundary",
1081		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_start,
1082		    (u_int)(prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors));
1083	    partp->dp_start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1084	}
1085
1086	/*
1087	 * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1088	 * boundary.
1089	 */
1090	prev_cyl_boundary =
1091	    ((partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1092	if (prev_cyl_boundary > partp->dp_start)
1093	    adj_size = prev_cyl_boundary - partp->dp_start;
1094		else {
1095	    warnx(
1096	"ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1097    and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1098	    return (0);
1099	}
1100		if (adj_size != partp->dp_size) {
1101	    warnx(
1102	"WARNING: adjusting size of partition %d from %u to %u\n\
1103    to end on a cylinder boundary",
1104		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_size, (u_int)adj_size);
1105	    partp->dp_size = adj_size;
1106	}
1107		if (partp->dp_size == 0) {
1108	    warnx("ERROR line %d: size of partition %d is zero",
1109		    current_line_number, partition);
1110	    break;
1111	}
1112
1113	dos(partp);
1114	status = 1;
1115	break;
1116    }
1117    return (status);
1118}
1119
1120
1121static int
1122process_active(CMD *command)
1123{
1124    int				status = 0, partition, i;
1125    struct dos_partition	*partp;
1126
1127	while (1) {
1128	active_processed = 1;
1129		if (command->n_args != 1) {
1130	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of active args",
1131		    current_line_number);
1132	    status = 0;
1133	    break;
1134	}
1135	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1136		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1137	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1138		    current_line_number, partition);
1139	    break;
1140	}
1141	/*
1142	 * Reset active partition
1143	 */
1144	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts);
1145	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
1146	    partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
1147	partp[partition-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
1148
1149	status = 1;
1150	break;
1151    }
1152    return (status);
1153}
1154
1155
1156static int
1157process_line(char *line)
1158{
1159    CMD		command;
1160    int		status = 1;
1161
1162	while (1) {
1163	parse_config_line(line, &command);
1164		switch (command.cmd) {
1165	case 0:
1166	    /*
1167	     * Comment or blank line
1168	     */
1169	    break;
1170	case 'g':
1171	    /*
1172	     * Set geometry
1173	     */
1174	    status = process_geometry(&command);
1175	    break;
1176	case 'p':
1177	    status = process_partition(&command);
1178	    break;
1179	case 'a':
1180	    status = process_active(&command);
1181	    break;
1182	default:
1183	    status = 0;
1184	    break;
1185	}
1186	break;
1187    }
1188    return (status);
1189}
1190
1191
1192static int
1193read_config(char *config_file)
1194{
1195    FILE	*fp = NULL;
1196    int		status = 1;
1197    char	buf[1010];
1198
1199	while (1) {
1200		if (strcmp(config_file, "-") != 0) {
1201	    /*
1202	     * We're not reading from stdin
1203	     */
1204			if ((fp = fopen(config_file, "r")) == NULL) {
1205		status = 0;
1206		break;
1207	    }
1208		} else {
1209	    fp = stdin;
1210	}
1211	current_line_number = 0;
1212		while (!feof(fp)) {
1213	    if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL)
1214		break;
1215	    ++current_line_number;
1216	    status = process_line(buf);
1217	    if (status == 0)
1218		break;
1219	    }
1220	break;
1221    }
1222	if (fp) {
1223	/*
1224	 * It doesn't matter if we're reading from stdin, as we've reached EOF
1225	 */
1226	fclose(fp);
1227    }
1228    return (status);
1229}
1230
1231
1232static void
1233reset_boot(void)
1234{
1235    int				i;
1236    struct dos_partition	*partp;
1237
1238    init_boot();
1239	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1240	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
1241	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1242    }
1243}
1244
1245static int
1246sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *partp)
1247{
1248    u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1249    u_int32_t			max_end, size, start;
1250
1251    start = partp->dp_start;
1252    size = partp->dp_size;
1253    max_end = start + size;
1254    /* Only allow a zero size if the partition is being marked unused. */
1255    if (size == 0) {
1256	if (start == 0 && partp->dp_typ == 0)
1257	    return (1);
1258	warnx("ERROR: size of partition is zero");
1259	return (0);
1260    }
1261    /* Return if no adjustment is necessary. */
1262    if (start % dos_sectors == 0 && (start + size) % dos_sectors == 0)
1263	return (1);
1264
1265    if (start % dos_sectors != 0)
1266	warnx("WARNING: partition does not start on a head boundary");
1267    if ((start  +size) % dos_sectors != 0)
1268	warnx("WARNING: partition does not end on a cylinder boundary");
1269    warnx("WARNING: this may confuse the BIOS or some operating systems");
1270    if (!ok("Correct this automatically?"))
1271	return (1);
1272
1273    /*
1274     * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on an head boundary.
1275     */
1276    if (start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1277	prev_head_boundary = start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1278	if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1279	    prev_head_boundary >= max_end - dos_sectors) {
1280	    /*
1281	     * Can't go past end of partition
1282	     */
1283	    warnx(
1284    "ERROR: unable to adjust start of partition to fall on a head boundary");
1285	    return (0);
1286        }
1287	start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1288    }
1289
1290    /*
1291     * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1292     * boundary.
1293     */
1294    prev_cyl_boundary = ((start + size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1295    if (prev_cyl_boundary > start)
1296	size = prev_cyl_boundary - start;
1297    else {
1298	warnx("ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1299    and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1300	return (0);
1301    }
1302
1303    /* Finally, commit any changes to partp and return. */
1304    if (start != partp->dp_start) {
1305	warnx("WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition to %u",
1306	    (u_int)start);
1307	partp->dp_start = start;
1308    }
1309    if (size != partp->dp_size) {
1310	warnx("WARNING: adjusting size of partition to %u", (u_int)size);
1311	partp->dp_size = size;
1312    }
1313
1314    return (1);
1315}
1316
1317/*
1318 * Try figuring out the root device's canonical disk name.
1319 * The following choices are considered:
1320 *   /dev/ad0s1a     => /dev/ad0
1321 *   /dev/da0a       => /dev/da0
1322 *   /dev/vinum/root => /dev/vinum/root
1323 */
1324static char *
1325get_rootdisk(void)
1326{
1327	struct statfs rootfs;
1328	regex_t re;
1329#define NMATCHES 2
1330	regmatch_t rm[NMATCHES];
1331	char *s;
1332	int rv;
1333
1334	if (statfs("/", &rootfs) == -1)
1335		err(1, "statfs(\"/\")");
1336
1337	if ((rv = regcomp(&re, "^(/dev/.*)(\\d+(s\\d+)?[a-h])?$",
1338		    REG_EXTENDED)) != 0)
1339		errx(1, "regcomp() failed (%d)", rv);
1340	if ((rv = regexec(&re, rootfs.f_mntfromname, NMATCHES, rm, 0)) != 0)
1341		errx(1,
1342"mounted root fs resource doesn't match expectations (regexec returned %d)",
1343		    rv);
1344	if ((s = malloc(rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so + 1)) == NULL)
1345		errx(1, "out of memory");
1346	memcpy(s, rootfs.f_mntfromname + rm[1].rm_so,
1347	    rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so);
1348	s[rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so] = 0;
1349
1350	return s;
1351}
1352