bsdlabel.c revision 119510 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Gordon W. Ross
3 * Copyright (c) 1994 Theo de Raadt
4 * All rights reserved.
5 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
6 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7 *
8 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9 * Symmetric Computer Systems.
10 *
11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * are met:
14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23 *      This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt.
24 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26 *    without specific prior written permission.
27 *
28 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38 * SUCH DAMAGE.
39 *
40 *	from: $NetBSD: disksubr.c,v 1.13 2000/12/17 22:39:18 pk $
41 */
42
43#if 0
44#ifndef lint
45static const char copyright[] =
46"@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\n\
47	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
48#endif /* not lint */
49
50#ifndef lint
51static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/7/94";
52/* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
53#endif /* not lint */
54#endif
55#include <sys/cdefs.h>
56__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.c 119510 2003-08-27 22:34:57Z phk $");
57
58#include <sys/param.h>
59#include <stdint.h>
60#include <sys/file.h>
61#include <sys/stat.h>
62#include <sys/wait.h>
63#include <sys/disk.h>
64#define DKTYPENAMES
65#define FSTYPENAMES
66#include <sys/disklabel.h>
67
68#include <unistd.h>
69#include <string.h>
70#include <stdio.h>
71#include <libgeom.h>
72#include <stdlib.h>
73#include <signal.h>
74#include <stdarg.h>
75#include <ctype.h>
76#include <err.h>
77#include <errno.h>
78
79#include "pathnames.h"
80
81/* FIX!  These are too low, but are traditional */
82#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK  8192U
83#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG   1024U
84#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG    16U
85
86#define BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK  16384U
87#define BIG_NEWFS_FRAG   2048U
88#define BIG_NEWFS_CPG    64U
89
90static void	makelabel(const char *, struct disklabel *);
91static int	writelabel(void);
92static int readlabel(int flag);
93static void	display(FILE *, const struct disklabel *);
94static int edit(void);
95static int	editit(void);
96static char	*skip(char *);
97static char	*word(char *);
98static int	getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
99static int	getasciipartspec(char *, struct disklabel *, int, int);
100static int	checklabel(struct disklabel *);
101static void	usage(void);
102static struct disklabel *getvirginlabel(void);
103
104#define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
105
106static char	*dkname;
107static char	*specname;
108static char	tmpfil[] = PATH_TMPFILE;
109
110static struct	disklabel lab;
111static u_char	bootarea[BBSIZE];
112static off_t	mediasize;
113static u_int	secsize;
114static char	blank[] = "";
115static char	unknown[] = "unknown";
116
117#define MAX_PART ('z')
118#define MAX_NUM_PARTS (1 + MAX_PART - 'a')
119static char    part_size_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
120static char    part_offset_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
121static int     part_set[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
122
123static int	installboot;	/* non-zero if we should install a boot program */
124static int	allfields;	/* present all fields in edit */
125static char const *xxboot;	/* primary boot */
126
127static off_t mbroffset;
128#ifndef LABELSECTOR
129#define LABELSECTOR -1
130#endif
131#ifndef LABELOFFSET
132#define LABELOFFSET -1
133#endif
134static int labelsoffset = LABELSECTOR;
135static int labeloffset = LABELOFFSET;
136static int bbsize = BBSIZE;
137static int alphacksum =
138#if defined(__alpha__)
139	1;
140#else
141	0;
142#endif
143
144enum	{
145	UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, WRITE, WRITEBOOT
146} op = UNSPEC;
147
148
149static int	disable_write;   /* set to disable writing to disk label */
150
151int
152main(int argc, char *argv[])
153{
154	FILE *t;
155	int ch, error = 0;
156	char const *name = 0;
157
158	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ABb:em:nRrs:w")) != -1)
159		switch (ch) {
160			case 'A':
161				allfields = 1;
162				break;
163			case 'B':
164				++installboot;
165				break;
166			case 'b':
167				xxboot = optarg;
168				break;
169			case 'm':
170				if (!strcmp(optarg, "i386") ||
171				    !strcmp(optarg, "amd64") ||
172				    !strcmp(optarg, "ia64") ||
173				    !strcmp(optarg, "pc98")) {
174					labelsoffset = 1;
175					labeloffset = 0;
176					bbsize = 8192;
177					alphacksum = 0;
178				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "alpha")) {
179					labelsoffset = 0;
180					labeloffset = 64;
181					bbsize = 8192;
182					alphacksum = 1;
183				} else {
184					errx(1, "Unsupported architecture");
185				}
186				break;
187			case 'n':
188				disable_write = 1;
189				break;
190			case 'R':
191				if (op != UNSPEC)
192					usage();
193				op = RESTORE;
194				break;
195			case 'e':
196				if (op != UNSPEC)
197					usage();
198				op = EDIT;
199				break;
200			case 'r':
201				/*
202				 * We accept and ignode -r for compatibility with
203				 * historically disklabel usage.
204				 */
205				break;
206			case 'w':
207				if (op != UNSPEC)
208					usage();
209				op = WRITE;
210				break;
211			case '?':
212			default:
213				usage();
214		}
215	argc -= optind;
216	argv += optind;
217
218	if (argc < 1)
219		usage();
220	if (labelsoffset < 0 || labeloffset < 0)
221		errx(1, "a -m <architecture> option must be specified");
222
223	/* Figure out the names of the thing we're working on */
224	if (argv[0][0] != '/') {
225		dkname = argv[0];
226		asprintf(&specname, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
227	} else {
228		dkname = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
229		dkname++;
230		specname = argv[0];
231	}
232
233	if (installboot && op == UNSPEC)
234		op = WRITEBOOT;
235	else if (op == UNSPEC)
236		op = READ;
237
238	switch(op) {
239
240	case UNSPEC:
241		break;
242
243	case EDIT:
244		if (argc != 1)
245			usage();
246		readlabel(1);
247		error = edit();
248		break;
249
250	case READ:
251		if (argc != 1)
252			usage();
253		readlabel(1);
254		display(stdout, NULL);
255		error = checklabel(NULL);
256		break;
257
258	case RESTORE:
259		if (argc != 2)
260			usage();
261		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
262			err(4, "fopen %s", argv[1]);
263		readlabel(0);
264		if (!getasciilabel(t, &lab))
265			exit(1);
266		error = writelabel();
267		break;
268
269	case WRITE:
270		if (argc == 2)
271			name = argv[1];
272		else if (argc == 1)
273			name = "auto";
274		else
275			usage();
276		readlabel(0);
277		makelabel(name, &lab);
278		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
279			error = writelabel();
280		break;
281
282	case WRITEBOOT:
283
284		readlabel(1);
285		if (argc == 2)
286			makelabel(argv[1], &lab);
287		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
288			error = writelabel();
289		break;
290	}
291	exit(error);
292}
293
294/*
295 * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
296 */
297static void
298makelabel(const char *type, struct disklabel *lp)
299{
300	struct disklabel *dp;
301
302	if (strcmp(type, "auto") == 0)
303		dp = getvirginlabel();
304	else
305		dp = getdiskbyname(type);
306	if (dp == NULL)
307		errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", type);
308	*lp = *dp;
309	bzero(lp->d_packname, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
310}
311
312static void
313readboot(void)
314{
315	int fd, i;
316	struct stat st;
317
318	if (xxboot == NULL)
319		xxboot = "/boot/boot";
320	fd = open(xxboot, O_RDONLY);
321	if (fd < 0)
322		err(1, "cannot open %s", xxboot);
323	fstat(fd, &st);
324	if (alphacksum && st.st_size <= BBSIZE - 512) {
325		i = read(fd, bootarea + 512, st.st_size);
326		if (i != st.st_size)
327			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
328		return;
329	} else if ((!alphacksum) && st.st_size <= BBSIZE) {
330		i = read(fd, bootarea, st.st_size);
331		if (i != st.st_size)
332			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
333		return;
334	}
335	errx(1, "boot code %s is wrong size", xxboot);
336}
337
338static int
339writelabel(void)
340{
341	uint64_t *p, sum;
342	int i, fd;
343	struct gctl_req *grq;
344	char const *errstr;
345	struct disklabel *lp = &lab;
346
347	if (disable_write) {
348		warnx("write to disk label supressed - label was as follows:");
349		display(stdout, NULL);
350		return (0);
351	}
352
353	lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
354	lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
355	lp->d_checksum = 0;
356	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
357	if (installboot)
358		readboot();
359	for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
360		if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
361			lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset += mbroffset;
362	bsd_disklabel_le_enc(bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize,
363	    lp);
364	if (alphacksum) {
365		/* Generate the bootblock checksum for the SRM console.  */
366		for (p = (uint64_t *)bootarea, i = 0, sum = 0; i < 63; i++)
367			sum += p[i];
368		p[63] = sum;
369	}
370
371	fd = open(specname, O_RDWR);
372	if (fd < 0) {
373		grq = gctl_get_handle();
374		gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write label");
375		gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
376		gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
377		gctl_ro_param(grq, "label", 148+16*8,
378			bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize);
379		errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
380		if (errstr != NULL) {
381			warnx("%s", errstr);
382			gctl_free(grq);
383			return(1);
384		}
385		gctl_free(grq);
386		if (installboot) {
387			grq = gctl_get_handle();
388			gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write bootcode");
389			gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
390			gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
391			gctl_ro_param(grq, "bootcode", BBSIZE, bootarea);
392			errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
393			if (errstr != NULL) {
394				warnx("%s", errstr);
395				gctl_free(grq);
396				return (1);
397			}
398			gctl_free(grq);
399		}
400	} else {
401		if (write(fd, bootarea, bbsize) != bbsize) {
402			warn("write %s", specname);
403			close (fd);
404			return (1);
405		}
406		close (fd);
407	}
408	return (0);
409}
410
411/*
412 * Fetch disklabel for disk.
413 * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
414 */
415static int
416readlabel(int flag)
417{
418	int f, i;
419	int error;
420	struct gctl_req *grq;
421	char const *errstr;
422
423	f = open(specname, O_RDONLY);
424	if (f < 0)
425		err(1, specname);
426	/* New world order */
427	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
428	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
429		err(4, "cannot get disk geometry");
430	}
431	(void)lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
432	if (read(f, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
433		err(4, "%s read", specname);
434	close (f);
435	error = bsd_disklabel_le_dec(
436	    bootarea + (labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize),
437	    &lab, MAXPARTITIONS);
438	if (flag && error)
439		errx(1, "%s: no valid label found", specname);
440
441	grq = gctl_get_handle();
442	gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "read mbroffset");
443	gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
444	gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
445	gctl_rw_param(grq, "mbroffset", sizeof(mbroffset), &mbroffset);
446	errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
447	if (errstr != NULL) {
448		mbroffset = 0;
449		gctl_free(grq);
450		return (error);
451	}
452	mbroffset /= lab.d_secsize;
453	if (lab.d_partitions[RAW_PART].p_offset == mbroffset)
454		for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
455			if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
456				lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset -= mbroffset;
457	return (error);
458}
459
460
461static void
462display(FILE *f, const struct disklabel *lp)
463{
464	int i, j;
465	const struct partition *pp;
466
467	if (lp == NULL)
468		lp = &lab;
469
470	fprintf(f, "# %s:\n", specname);
471	if (allfields) {
472		if (lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
473			fprintf(f, "type: %s\n", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
474		else
475			fprintf(f, "type: %u\n", lp->d_type);
476		fprintf(f, "disk: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_typename),
477			lp->d_typename);
478		fprintf(f, "label: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_packname),
479			lp->d_packname);
480		fprintf(f, "flags:");
481		if (lp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
482			fprintf(f, " removeable");
483		if (lp->d_flags & D_ECC)
484			fprintf(f, " ecc");
485		if (lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
486			fprintf(f, " badsect");
487		fprintf(f, "\n");
488		fprintf(f, "bytes/sector: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secsize);
489		fprintf(f, "sectors/track: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_nsectors);
490		fprintf(f, "tracks/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ntracks);
491		fprintf(f, "sectors/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secpercyl);
492		fprintf(f, "cylinders: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ncylinders);
493		fprintf(f, "sectors/unit: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secperunit);
494		fprintf(f, "rpm: %u\n", lp->d_rpm);
495		fprintf(f, "interleave: %u\n", lp->d_interleave);
496		fprintf(f, "trackskew: %u\n", lp->d_trackskew);
497		fprintf(f, "cylinderskew: %u\n", lp->d_cylskew);
498		fprintf(f, "headswitch: %lu\t\t# milliseconds\n",
499		    (u_long)lp->d_headswitch);
500		fprintf(f, "track-to-track seek: %ld\t# milliseconds\n",
501		    (u_long)lp->d_trkseek);
502		fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
503		for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
504			if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
505				break;
506		if (i < 0)
507			i = 0;
508		for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
509			fprintf(f, "%lu ", (u_long)lp->d_drivedata[j]);
510		fprintf(f, "\n\n");
511	}
512	fprintf(f, "%u partitions:\n", lp->d_npartitions);
513	fprintf(f,
514	    "#        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n");
515	pp = lp->d_partitions;
516	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
517		if (pp->p_size) {
518			fprintf(f, "  %c: %8lu %8lu  ", 'a' + i,
519			   (u_long)pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
520			if (pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
521				fprintf(f, "%8.8s", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
522			else
523				fprintf(f, "%8d", pp->p_fstype);
524			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
525
526			case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
527				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5.5s ",
528				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
529				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag), "");
530				break;
531
532			case FS_BSDFFS:
533				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5u ",
534				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
535				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
536				    pp->p_cpg);
537				break;
538
539			case FS_BSDLFS:
540				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5d",
541				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
542				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
543				    pp->p_cpg);
544				break;
545
546			default:
547				fprintf(f, "%20.20s", "");
548				break;
549			}
550			if (i == RAW_PART) {
551				fprintf(f, "  # \"raw\" part, don't edit");
552			}
553			fprintf(f, "\n");
554		}
555	}
556	fflush(f);
557}
558
559static int
560edit(void)
561{
562	int c, fd;
563	struct disklabel label;
564	FILE *fp;
565
566	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 ||
567	    (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
568		warnx("can't create %s", tmpfil);
569		return (1);
570	}
571	display(fp, NULL);
572	fclose(fp);
573	for (;;) {
574		if (!editit())
575			break;
576		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
577		if (fp == NULL) {
578			warnx("can't reopen %s for reading", tmpfil);
579			break;
580		}
581		bzero((char *)&label, sizeof(label));
582		c = getasciilabel(fp, &label);
583		fclose(fp);
584		if (c) {
585			lab = label;
586			if (writelabel() == 0) {
587				(void) unlink(tmpfil);
588				return (0);
589			}
590		}
591		printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
592		fflush(stdout);
593		c = getchar();
594		if (c != EOF && c != (int)'\n')
595			while (getchar() != (int)'\n')
596				;
597		if  (c == (int)'n')
598			break;
599	}
600	(void) unlink(tmpfil);
601	return (1);
602}
603
604static int
605editit(void)
606{
607	int pid, xpid;
608	int locstat, omask;
609	const char *ed;
610
611	omask = sigblock(sigmask(SIGINT)|sigmask(SIGQUIT)|sigmask(SIGHUP));
612	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
613		if (errno == EPROCLIM) {
614			warnx("you have too many processes");
615			return(0);
616		}
617		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
618			warn("fork");
619			return(0);
620		}
621		sleep(1);
622	}
623	if (pid == 0) {
624		sigsetmask(omask);
625		setgid(getgid());
626		setuid(getuid());
627		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
628			ed = DEFEDITOR;
629		execlp(ed, ed, tmpfil, (char *)0);
630		err(1, "%s", ed);
631	}
632	while ((xpid = wait(&locstat)) >= 0)
633		if (xpid == pid)
634			break;
635	sigsetmask(omask);
636	return(!locstat);
637}
638
639static char *
640skip(char *cp)
641{
642
643	while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
644		cp++;
645	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
646		return (NULL);
647	return (cp);
648}
649
650static char *
651word(char *cp)
652{
653	char c;
654
655	while (*cp != '\0' && !isspace(*cp) && *cp != '#')
656		cp++;
657	if ((c = *cp) != '\0') {
658		*cp++ = '\0';
659		if (c != '#')
660			return (skip(cp));
661	}
662	return (NULL);
663}
664
665/*
666 * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
667 * in the same format as that put out by display(),
668 * and fill in lp.
669 */
670static int
671getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
672{
673	char *cp;
674	const char **cpp;
675	u_int part;
676	char *tp, line[BUFSIZ];
677	u_long v;
678	int lineno = 0, errors = 0;
679	int i;
680
681	makelabel("auto", lp);
682	bzero(&part_set, sizeof(part_set));
683	bzero(&part_size_type, sizeof(part_size_type));
684	bzero(&part_offset_type, sizeof(part_offset_type));
685	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
686	lp->d_sbsize = 0;				/* XXX */
687	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
688		lineno++;
689		if ((cp = index(line,'\n')) != 0)
690			*cp = '\0';
691		cp = skip(line);
692		if (cp == NULL)
693			continue;
694		tp = index(cp, ':');
695		if (tp == NULL) {
696			fprintf(stderr, "line %d: syntax error\n", lineno);
697			errors++;
698			continue;
699		}
700		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
701		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
702			if (tp == NULL)
703				tp = unknown;
704			cpp = dktypenames;
705			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
706				if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, tp)) {
707					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
708					break;
709				}
710			if (cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES])
711				continue;
712			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
713			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
714				fprintf(stderr, "line %d:%s %lu\n", lineno,
715				    "Warning, unknown disk type", v);
716			lp->d_type = v;
717			continue;
718		}
719		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
720			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
721				tp = word(cp);
722				if (!strcmp(cp, "removeable"))
723					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
724				else if (!strcmp(cp, "ecc"))
725					v |= D_ECC;
726				else if (!strcmp(cp, "badsect"))
727					v |= D_BADSECT;
728				else {
729					fprintf(stderr,
730					    "line %d: %s: bad flag\n",
731					    lineno, cp);
732					errors++;
733				}
734			}
735			lp->d_flags = v;
736			continue;
737		}
738		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
739			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
740				lp->d_drivedata[i++] = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
741				tp = word(cp);
742			}
743			continue;
744		}
745		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
746			if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
747				fprintf(stderr,
748				    "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
749				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
750				errors++;
751			} else
752				lp->d_npartitions = v;
753			continue;
754		}
755		if (tp == NULL)
756			tp = blank;
757		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
758			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof (lp->d_typename));
759			continue;
760		}
761		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
762			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof (lp->d_packname));
763			continue;
764		}
765		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
766			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
767			if (v == 0 || (v % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
768				fprintf(stderr,
769				    "line %d: %s: bad sector size\n",
770				    lineno, tp);
771				errors++;
772			} else
773				lp->d_secsize = v;
774			continue;
775		}
776		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
777			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
778#if (ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffffUL)
779			if (v == 0 || v > 0xffffffff) {
780#else
781			if (v == 0) {
782#endif
783				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
784				    lineno, tp, cp);
785				errors++;
786			} else
787				lp->d_nsectors = v;
788			continue;
789		}
790		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
791			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
792			if (v == 0) {
793				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
794				    lineno, tp, cp);
795				errors++;
796			} else
797				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
798			continue;
799		}
800		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
801			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
802			if (v == 0) {
803				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
804				    lineno, tp, cp);
805				errors++;
806			} else
807				lp->d_ntracks = v;
808			continue;
809		}
810		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
811			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
812			if (v == 0) {
813				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
814				    lineno, tp, cp);
815				errors++;
816			} else
817				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
818			continue;
819		}
820		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
821			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
822			if (v == 0) {
823				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
824				    lineno, tp, cp);
825				errors++;
826			} else
827				lp->d_secperunit = v;
828			continue;
829		}
830		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
831			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
832			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
833				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
834				    lineno, tp, cp);
835				errors++;
836			} else
837				lp->d_rpm = v;
838			continue;
839		}
840		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
841			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
842			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
843				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
844				    lineno, tp, cp);
845				errors++;
846			} else
847				lp->d_interleave = v;
848			continue;
849		}
850		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
851			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
852			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
853				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
854				    lineno, tp, cp);
855				errors++;
856			} else
857				lp->d_trackskew = v;
858			continue;
859		}
860		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
861			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
862			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
863				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
864				    lineno, tp, cp);
865				errors++;
866			} else
867				lp->d_cylskew = v;
868			continue;
869		}
870		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
871			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
872			lp->d_headswitch = v;
873			continue;
874		}
875		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
876			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
877			lp->d_trkseek = v;
878			continue;
879		}
880		/* the ':' was removed above */
881		if (*cp < 'a' || *cp > MAX_PART || cp[1] != '\0') {
882			fprintf(stderr,
883			    "line %d: %s: Unknown disklabel field\n", lineno,
884			    cp);
885			errors++;
886			continue;
887		}
888
889		/* Process a partition specification line. */
890		part = *cp - 'a';
891		if (part >= lp->d_npartitions) {
892			fprintf(stderr,
893			    "line %d: partition name out of range a-%c: %s\n",
894			    lineno, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions - 1, cp);
895			errors++;
896			continue;
897		}
898		part_set[part] = 1;
899
900		if (getasciipartspec(tp, lp, part, lineno) != 0) {
901			errors++;
902			break;
903		}
904	}
905	errors += checklabel(lp);
906	return (errors == 0);
907}
908
909#define NXTNUM(n) do { \
910	if (tp == NULL) { \
911		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
912		return (1); \
913	} else { \
914		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
915		(n) = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10); \
916	} \
917} while (0)
918
919/* retain 1 character following number */
920#define NXTWORD(w,n) do { \
921	if (tp == NULL) { \
922		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
923		return (1); \
924	} else { \
925	        char *tmp; \
926		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
927	        (n) = strtoul(cp, &tmp, 10); \
928		if (tmp) (w) = *tmp; \
929	} \
930} while (0)
931
932/*
933 * Read a partition line into partition `part' in the specified disklabel.
934 * Return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
935 */
936static int
937getasciipartspec(char *tp, struct disklabel *lp, int part, int lineno)
938{
939	struct partition *pp;
940	char *cp;
941	const char **cpp;
942	u_long v;
943
944	pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
945	cp = NULL;
946
947	v = 0;
948	NXTWORD(part_size_type[part],v);
949	if (v == 0 && part_size_type[part] != '*') {
950		fprintf(stderr,
951		    "line %d: %s: bad partition size\n", lineno, cp);
952		return (1);
953	}
954	pp->p_size = v;
955
956	v = 0;
957	NXTWORD(part_offset_type[part],v);
958	if (v == 0 && part_offset_type[part] != '*' &&
959	    part_offset_type[part] != '\0') {
960		fprintf(stderr,
961		    "line %d: %s: bad partition offset\n", lineno, cp);
962		return (1);
963	}
964	pp->p_offset = v;
965	if (tp == NULL) {
966		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: missing file system type\n", lineno);
967		return (1);
968	}
969	cp = tp, tp = word(cp);
970	for (cpp = fstypenames; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
971		if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, cp))
972			break;
973	if (*cpp != NULL) {
974		pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
975	} else {
976		if (isdigit(*cp))
977			v = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
978		else
979			v = FSMAXTYPES;
980		if (v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
981			fprintf(stderr,
982			    "line %d: Warning, unknown file system type %s\n",
983			    lineno, cp);
984			v = FS_UNUSED;
985		}
986		pp->p_fstype = v;
987	}
988
989	switch (pp->p_fstype) {
990	case FS_UNUSED:
991		/*
992		 * allow us to accept defaults for
993		 * fsize/frag/cpg
994		 */
995		if (tp) {
996			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
997			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
998				break;
999			NXTNUM(v);
1000			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1001		}
1002		/* else default to 0's */
1003		break;
1004
1005	/* These happen to be the same */
1006	case FS_BSDFFS:
1007	case FS_BSDLFS:
1008		if (tp) {
1009			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1010			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1011				break;
1012			NXTNUM(v);
1013			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1014			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1015		} else {
1016			/*
1017			 * FIX! poor attempt at adaptive
1018			 */
1019			/* 1 GB */
1020			if (pp->p_size < 1024*1024*1024 / lp->d_secsize) {
1021				/*
1022				 * FIX! These are too low, but are traditional
1023				 */
1024				pp->p_fsize = DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
1025				pp->p_frag = DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK /
1026				    DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
1027				pp->p_cpg = DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG;
1028			} else {
1029				pp->p_fsize = BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
1030				pp->p_frag = BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK /
1031				    BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
1032				pp->p_cpg = BIG_NEWFS_CPG;
1033			}
1034		}
1035	default:
1036		break;
1037	}
1038	return (0);
1039}
1040
1041/*
1042 * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1043 * derived fields according to supplied values.
1044 */
1045static int
1046checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1047{
1048	struct partition *pp;
1049	int i, errors = 0;
1050	char part;
1051	u_long total_size, total_percent, current_offset;
1052	int seen_default_offset;
1053	int hog_part;
1054	int j;
1055	struct partition *pp2;
1056
1057	if (lp == NULL)
1058		lp = &lab;
1059
1060	if (allfields) {
1061
1062		if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1063			fprintf(stderr, "sector size 0\n");
1064			return (1);
1065		}
1066		if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1067			fprintf(stderr, "sectors/track 0\n");
1068			return (1);
1069		}
1070		if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1071			fprintf(stderr, "tracks/cylinder 0\n");
1072			return (1);
1073		}
1074		if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1075			fprintf(stderr, "cylinders/unit 0\n");
1076			errors++;
1077		}
1078		if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1079			warnx("revolutions/minute 0");
1080		if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1081			lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1082		if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1083			lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1084		if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1085			fprintf(stderr, "boot block size 0\n");
1086			errors++;
1087		} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1088			warnx("boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1089		if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1090			warnx("number of partitions (%lu) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1091			    (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1092	} else {
1093		struct disklabel *vl;
1094
1095		vl = getvirginlabel();
1096		lp->d_secsize = vl->d_secsize;
1097		lp->d_nsectors = vl->d_nsectors;
1098		lp->d_ntracks = vl->d_ntracks;
1099		lp->d_ncylinders = vl->d_ncylinders;
1100		lp->d_rpm = vl->d_rpm;
1101		lp->d_interleave = vl->d_interleave;
1102		lp->d_secpercyl = vl->d_secpercyl;
1103		lp->d_secperunit = vl->d_secperunit;
1104		lp->d_bbsize = vl->d_bbsize;
1105		lp->d_npartitions = vl->d_npartitions;
1106	}
1107
1108
1109	/* first allocate space to the partitions, then offsets */
1110	total_size = 0; /* in sectors */
1111	total_percent = 0; /* in percent */
1112	hog_part = -1;
1113	/* find all fixed partitions */
1114	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1115		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1116		if (part_set[i]) {
1117			if (part_size_type[i] == '*') {
1118				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1119					pp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1120				} else {
1121					if (hog_part != -1)
1122						warnx("Too many '*' partitions (%c and %c)",
1123						    hog_part + 'a',i + 'a');
1124					else
1125						hog_part = i;
1126				}
1127			} else {
1128				off_t size;
1129
1130				size = pp->p_size;
1131				switch (part_size_type[i]) {
1132				case '%':
1133					total_percent += size;
1134					break;
1135				case 'k':
1136				case 'K':
1137					size *= 1024ULL;
1138					break;
1139				case 'm':
1140				case 'M':
1141					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1142					break;
1143				case 'g':
1144				case 'G':
1145					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1146					break;
1147				case '\0':
1148					break;
1149				default:
1150					warnx("unknown size specifier '%c' (K/M/G are valid)",part_size_type[i]);
1151					break;
1152				}
1153				/* don't count %'s yet */
1154				if (part_size_type[i] != '%') {
1155					/*
1156					 * for all not in sectors, convert to
1157					 * sectors
1158					 */
1159					if (part_size_type[i] != '\0') {
1160						if (size % lp->d_secsize != 0)
1161							warnx("partition %c not an integer number of sectors",
1162							    i + 'a');
1163						size /= lp->d_secsize;
1164						pp->p_size = size;
1165					}
1166					/* else already in sectors */
1167					if (i != RAW_PART)
1168						total_size += size;
1169				}
1170			}
1171		}
1172	}
1173	/* handle % partitions - note %'s don't need to add up to 100! */
1174	if (total_percent != 0) {
1175		long free_space = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1176		if (total_percent > 100) {
1177			fprintf(stderr,"total percentage %lu is greater than 100\n",
1178			    total_percent);
1179			errors++;
1180		}
1181
1182		if (free_space > 0) {
1183			for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1184				pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1185				if (part_set[i] && part_size_type[i] == '%') {
1186					/* careful of overflows! and integer roundoff */
1187					pp->p_size = ((double)pp->p_size/100) * free_space;
1188					total_size += pp->p_size;
1189
1190					/* FIX we can lose a sector or so due to roundoff per
1191					   partition.  A more complex algorithm could avoid that */
1192				}
1193			}
1194		} else {
1195			fprintf(stderr,
1196			    "%ld sectors available to give to '*' and '%%' partitions\n",
1197			    free_space);
1198			errors++;
1199			/* fix?  set all % partitions to size 0? */
1200		}
1201	}
1202	/* give anything remaining to the hog partition */
1203	if (hog_part != -1) {
1204		lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1205		total_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1206	}
1207
1208	/* Now set the offsets for each partition */
1209	current_offset = 0; /* in sectors */
1210	seen_default_offset = 0;
1211	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1212		part = 'a' + i;
1213		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1214		if (part_set[i]) {
1215			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1216				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1217					pp->p_offset = 0;
1218				} else {
1219					pp->p_offset = current_offset;
1220					seen_default_offset = 1;
1221				}
1222			} else {
1223				/* allow them to be out of order for old-style tables */
1224				if (pp->p_offset < current_offset &&
1225				    seen_default_offset && i != RAW_PART &&
1226				    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM) {
1227					fprintf(stderr,
1228"Offset %ld for partition %c overlaps previous partition which ends at %lu\n",
1229					    (long)pp->p_offset,i+'a',current_offset);
1230					fprintf(stderr,
1231"Labels with any *'s for offset must be in ascending order by sector\n");
1232					errors++;
1233				} else if (pp->p_offset != current_offset &&
1234				    i != RAW_PART && seen_default_offset) {
1235					/*
1236					 * this may give unneeded warnings if
1237					 * partitions are out-of-order
1238					 */
1239					warnx(
1240"Offset %ld for partition %c doesn't match expected value %ld",
1241					    (long)pp->p_offset, i + 'a', current_offset);
1242				}
1243			}
1244			if (i != RAW_PART)
1245				current_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1246		}
1247	}
1248
1249	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1250		part = 'a' + i;
1251		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1252		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1253			warnx("partition %c: size 0, but offset %lu",
1254			    part, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1255#ifdef notdef
1256		if (pp->p_size % lp->d_secpercyl)
1257			warnx("partition %c: size %% cylinder-size != 0",
1258			    part);
1259		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl)
1260			warnx("partition %c: offset %% cylinder-size != 0",
1261			    part);
1262#endif
1263		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1264			fprintf(stderr,
1265			    "partition %c: offset past end of unit\n", part);
1266			errors++;
1267		}
1268		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1269			fprintf(stderr,
1270			"partition %c: partition extends past end of unit\n",
1271			    part);
1272			errors++;
1273		}
1274		if (i == RAW_PART) {
1275			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1276				warnx("partition %c is not marked as unused!",part);
1277			if (pp->p_offset != 0)
1278				warnx("partition %c doesn't start at 0!",part);
1279			if (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)
1280				warnx("partition %c doesn't cover the whole unit!",part);
1281
1282			if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) || (pp->p_offset != 0) ||
1283			    (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)) {
1284				warnx("An incorrect partition %c may cause problems for "
1285				    "standard system utilities",part);
1286			}
1287		}
1288
1289		/* check for overlaps */
1290		/* this will check for all possible overlaps once and only once */
1291		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1292			pp2 = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1293			if (j != RAW_PART && i != RAW_PART &&
1294			    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1295			    pp2->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1296			    part_set[i] && part_set[j]) {
1297				if (pp2->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size &&
1298				    (pp2->p_offset + pp2->p_size > pp->p_offset ||
1299					pp2->p_offset >= pp->p_offset)) {
1300					fprintf(stderr,"partitions %c and %c overlap!\n",
1301					    j + 'a', i + 'a');
1302					errors++;
1303				}
1304			}
1305		}
1306	}
1307	for (; i < MAXPARTITIONS; i++) {
1308		part = 'a' + i;
1309		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1310		if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset)
1311			warnx("unused partition %c: size %d offset %lu",
1312			    'a' + i, pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1313	}
1314	return (errors);
1315}
1316
1317/*
1318 * When operating on a "virgin" disk, try getting an initial label
1319 * from the associated device driver.  This might work for all device
1320 * drivers that are able to fetch some initial device parameters
1321 * without even having access to a (BSD) disklabel, like SCSI disks,
1322 * most IDE drives, or vn devices.
1323 *
1324 * The device name must be given in its "canonical" form.
1325 */
1326static struct disklabel *
1327getvirginlabel(void)
1328{
1329	static struct disklabel loclab;
1330	struct partition *dp;
1331	int f;
1332	u_int u;
1333
1334	if ((f = open(specname, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
1335		warn("cannot open %s", specname);
1336		return (NULL);
1337	}
1338
1339	/* New world order */
1340	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
1341	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
1342		close (f);
1343		return (NULL);
1344	}
1345	memset(&loclab, 0, sizeof loclab);
1346	loclab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
1347	loclab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
1348	loclab.d_secsize = secsize;
1349	loclab.d_secperunit = mediasize / secsize;
1350
1351	/*
1352	 * Nobody in these enligthened days uses the CHS geometry for
1353	 * anything, but nontheless try to get it right.  If we fail
1354	 * to get any good ideas from the device, construct something
1355	 * which is IBM-PC friendly.
1356	 */
1357	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u) == 0)
1358		loclab.d_nsectors = u;
1359	else
1360		loclab.d_nsectors = 63;
1361	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u) == 0)
1362		loclab.d_ntracks = u;
1363	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
1364		loclab.d_ntracks = 1;
1365	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
1366		loclab.d_ntracks = 16;
1367	else
1368		loclab.d_ntracks = 255;
1369	loclab.d_secpercyl = loclab.d_ntracks * loclab.d_nsectors;
1370	loclab.d_ncylinders = loclab.d_secperunit / loclab.d_secpercyl;
1371	loclab.d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
1372
1373	/* Various (unneeded) compat stuff */
1374	loclab.d_rpm = 3600;
1375	loclab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
1376	loclab.d_interleave = 1;
1377	strncpy(loclab.d_typename, "amnesiac",
1378	    sizeof(loclab.d_typename));
1379
1380	dp = &loclab.d_partitions[0];
1381	dp->p_offset = BBSIZE / secsize;
1382	dp->p_size = loclab.d_secperunit - dp->p_offset;
1383
1384	dp = &loclab.d_partitions[RAW_PART];
1385	dp->p_size = loclab.d_secperunit;
1386	loclab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&loclab);
1387	close (f);
1388	return (&loclab);
1389}
1390
1391static void
1392usage(void)
1393{
1394
1395	fprintf(stderr,
1396	"%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1397	"usage: bsdlabel disk",
1398	"\t\t(to read label)",
1399	"	bsdlabel -w [-n] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1400	"\t\t(to write label with existing boot program)",
1401	"	bsdlabel -e [-n] [-m machine] disk",
1402	"\t\t(to edit label)",
1403	"	bsdlabel -R [-n] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1404	"\t\t(to restore label with existing boot program)",
1405	"	bsdlabel -B [-b boot] [-m machine] disk",
1406	"\t\t(to install boot program with existing on-disk label)",
1407	"	bsdlabel -w -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1408	"\t\t(to write label and install boot program)",
1409	"	bsdlabel -R -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1410		"\t\t(to restore label and install boot program)"
1411	);
1412	exit(1);
1413}
1414