bsdlabel.c revision 115809 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Gordon W. Ross
3 * Copyright (c) 1994 Theo de Raadt
4 * All rights reserved.
5 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
6 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7 *
8 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9 * Symmetric Computer Systems.
10 *
11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * are met:
14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23 *      This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt.
24 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26 *    without specific prior written permission.
27 *
28 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38 * SUCH DAMAGE.
39 *
40 *	from: $NetBSD: disksubr.c,v 1.13 2000/12/17 22:39:18 pk $
41 */
42
43#if 0
44#ifndef lint
45static const char copyright[] =
46"@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\n\
47	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
48#endif /* not lint */
49
50#ifndef lint
51static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/7/94";
52/* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
53#endif /* not lint */
54#endif
55#include <sys/cdefs.h>
56__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.c 115809 2003-06-04 05:25:04Z phk $");
57
58#include <sys/param.h>
59#include <stdint.h>
60#include <sys/file.h>
61#include <sys/stat.h>
62#include <sys/wait.h>
63#include <sys/disk.h>
64#define DKTYPENAMES
65#define FSTYPENAMES
66#include <sys/disklabel.h>
67
68#include <unistd.h>
69#include <string.h>
70#include <stdio.h>
71#include <libgeom.h>
72#include <stdlib.h>
73#include <signal.h>
74#include <stdarg.h>
75#include <ctype.h>
76#include <err.h>
77#include <errno.h>
78
79#include "pathnames.h"
80
81/* FIX!  These are too low, but are traditional */
82#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK  8192U
83#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG   1024U
84#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG    16U
85
86#define BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK  16384U
87#define BIG_NEWFS_FRAG   2048U
88#define BIG_NEWFS_CPG    64U
89
90static void	makelabel(const char *, struct disklabel *);
91static int	writelabel(void);
92static int readlabel(int flag);
93static void	display(FILE *, const struct disklabel *);
94static int edit(void);
95static int	editit(void);
96static char	*skip(char *);
97static char	*word(char *);
98static int	getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
99static int	getasciipartspec(char *, struct disklabel *, int, int);
100static int	checklabel(struct disklabel *);
101static void	usage(void);
102static struct disklabel *getvirginlabel(void);
103
104#define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
105
106static char	*dkname;
107static char	*specname;
108static char	tmpfil[] = PATH_TMPFILE;
109
110static struct	disklabel lab;
111static u_char	bootarea[BBSIZE];
112static off_t	mediasize;
113static u_int	secsize;
114static char	blank[] = "";
115static char	unknown[] = "unknown";
116
117#define MAX_PART ('z')
118#define MAX_NUM_PARTS (1 + MAX_PART - 'a')
119static char    part_size_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
120static char    part_offset_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
121static int     part_set[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
122
123static int	installboot;	/* non-zero if we should install a boot program */
124static int	allfields;	/* present all fields in edit */
125static char const *xxboot;	/* primary boot */
126
127static off_t mbroffset;
128static int labelsoffset = LABELSECTOR;
129static int labeloffset = LABELOFFSET;
130static int bbsize = BBSIZE;
131static int alphacksum =
132#if defined(__alpha__)
133	1;
134#else
135	0;
136#endif
137
138enum	{
139	UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, WRITE, WRITEBOOT
140} op = UNSPEC;
141
142
143static int	disable_write;   /* set to disable writing to disk label */
144
145int
146main(int argc, char *argv[])
147{
148	FILE *t;
149	int ch, error = 0;
150	char const *name = 0;
151
152	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ABb:em:nRrs:w")) != -1)
153		switch (ch) {
154			case 'A':
155				allfields = 1;
156				break;
157			case 'B':
158				++installboot;
159				break;
160			case 'b':
161				xxboot = optarg;
162				break;
163			case 'm':
164				if (!strcmp(optarg, "i386")) {
165					labelsoffset = 1;
166					labeloffset = 0;
167					bbsize = 8192;
168					alphacksum = 0;
169				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "pc98")) {
170					labelsoffset = 1;
171					labeloffset = 0;
172					bbsize = 8192;
173					alphacksum = 0;
174				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "alpha")) {
175					labelsoffset = 0;
176					labeloffset = 64;
177					bbsize = 8192;
178					alphacksum = 1;
179				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "ia64")) {
180					labelsoffset = 1;
181					labeloffset = 0;
182					bbsize = 8192;
183					alphacksum = 0;
184				} else {
185					errx(1, "Unsupported architecture");
186				}
187				break;
188			case 'n':
189				disable_write = 1;
190				break;
191			case 'R':
192				if (op != UNSPEC)
193					usage();
194				op = RESTORE;
195				break;
196			case 'e':
197				if (op != UNSPEC)
198					usage();
199				op = EDIT;
200				break;
201			case 'r':
202				/*
203				 * We accept and ignode -r for compatibility with
204				 * historically disklabel usage.
205				 */
206				break;
207			case 'w':
208				if (op != UNSPEC)
209					usage();
210				op = WRITE;
211				break;
212			case '?':
213			default:
214				usage();
215		}
216	argc -= optind;
217	argv += optind;
218
219	if (argc < 1)
220		usage();
221
222	/* Figure out the names of the thing we're working on */
223	if (argv[0][0] != '/') {
224		dkname = argv[0];
225		asprintf(&specname, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
226	} else {
227		dkname = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
228		dkname++;
229		specname = argv[0];
230	}
231
232	if (installboot && op == UNSPEC)
233		op = WRITEBOOT;
234	else if (op == UNSPEC)
235		op = READ;
236
237	switch(op) {
238
239	case UNSPEC:
240		break;
241
242	case EDIT:
243		if (argc != 1)
244			usage();
245		readlabel(1);
246		error = edit();
247		break;
248
249	case READ:
250		if (argc != 1)
251			usage();
252		readlabel(1);
253		display(stdout, NULL);
254		error = checklabel(NULL);
255		break;
256
257	case RESTORE:
258		if (argc != 2)
259			usage();
260		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
261			err(4, "fopen %s", argv[1]);
262		readlabel(0);
263		if (!getasciilabel(t, &lab))
264			exit(1);
265		error = writelabel();
266		break;
267
268	case WRITE:
269		if (argc == 2)
270			name = argv[1];
271		else if (argc == 1)
272			name = "auto";
273		else
274			usage();
275		readlabel(0);
276		makelabel(name, &lab);
277		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
278			error = writelabel();
279		break;
280
281	case WRITEBOOT:
282
283		readlabel(1);
284		if (argc == 2)
285			makelabel(argv[1], &lab);
286		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
287			error = writelabel();
288		break;
289	}
290	exit(error);
291}
292
293/*
294 * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
295 */
296static void
297makelabel(const char *type, struct disklabel *lp)
298{
299	struct disklabel *dp;
300
301	if (strcmp(type, "auto") == 0)
302		dp = getvirginlabel();
303	else
304		dp = getdiskbyname(type);
305	if (dp == NULL)
306		errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", type);
307	*lp = *dp;
308	bzero(lp->d_packname, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
309}
310
311static void
312readboot(void)
313{
314	int fd, i;
315	struct stat st;
316
317	if (xxboot == NULL)
318		xxboot = "/boot/boot";
319	fd = open(xxboot, O_RDONLY);
320	if (fd < 0)
321		err(1, "cannot open %s", xxboot);
322	fstat(fd, &st);
323	if (alphacksum && st.st_size <= BBSIZE - 512) {
324		i = read(fd, bootarea + 512, st.st_size);
325		if (i != st.st_size)
326			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
327		return;
328	} else if ((!alphacksum) && st.st_size <= BBSIZE) {
329		i = read(fd, bootarea, st.st_size);
330		if (i != st.st_size)
331			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
332		return;
333	}
334	errx(1, "boot code %s is wrong size", xxboot);
335}
336
337static int
338writelabel(void)
339{
340	uint64_t *p, sum;
341	int i, fd;
342	struct gctl_req *grq;
343	char const *errstr;
344	struct disklabel *lp = &lab;
345
346	if (disable_write) {
347		warnx("write to disk label supressed - label was as follows:");
348		display(stdout, NULL);
349		return (0);
350	}
351
352	lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
353	lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
354	lp->d_checksum = 0;
355	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
356	if (installboot)
357		readboot();
358	for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
359		if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
360			lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset += mbroffset;
361	bsd_disklabel_le_enc(bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize,
362	    lp);
363	if (alphacksum) {
364		/* Generate the bootblock checksum for the SRM console.  */
365		for (p = (uint64_t *)bootarea, i = 0, sum = 0; i < 63; i++)
366			sum += p[i];
367		p[63] = sum;
368	}
369
370	fd = open(specname, O_RDWR);
371	if (fd < 0) {
372		grq = gctl_get_handle();
373		gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write label");
374		gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
375		gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
376		gctl_ro_param(grq, "label", 148+16*8,
377			bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize);
378		errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
379		if (errstr != NULL) {
380			warnx("%s", errstr);
381			gctl_free(grq);
382			return(1);
383		}
384		gctl_free(grq);
385		if (installboot) {
386			grq = gctl_get_handle();
387			gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write bootcode");
388			gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
389			gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
390			gctl_ro_param(grq, "bootcode", BBSIZE, bootarea);
391			errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
392			if (errstr != NULL) {
393				warnx("%s", errstr);
394				gctl_free(grq);
395				return (1);
396			}
397			gctl_free(grq);
398		}
399	} else {
400		if (write(fd, bootarea, bbsize) != bbsize) {
401			warn("write %s", specname);
402			close (fd);
403			return (1);
404		}
405		close (fd);
406	}
407	return (0);
408}
409
410/*
411 * Fetch disklabel for disk.
412 * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
413 */
414static int
415readlabel(int flag)
416{
417	int f, i;
418	int error;
419	struct gctl_req *grq;
420	char const *errstr;
421
422	f = open(specname, O_RDONLY);
423	if (f < 0)
424		err(1, specname);
425	/* New world order */
426	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
427	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
428		err(4, "cannot get disk geometry");
429	}
430	(void)lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
431	if (read(f, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
432		err(4, "%s read", specname);
433	close (f);
434	error = bsd_disklabel_le_dec(
435	    bootarea + (labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize),
436	    &lab, MAXPARTITIONS);
437	if (flag && error)
438		errx(1, "%s: no valid label found", specname);
439
440	grq = gctl_get_handle();
441	gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "read mbroffset");
442	gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
443	gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
444	gctl_rw_param(grq, "mbroffset", sizeof(mbroffset), &mbroffset);
445	errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
446	if (errstr != NULL) {
447		mbroffset = 0;
448		gctl_free(grq);
449		return (error);
450	}
451	mbroffset /= lab.d_secsize;
452	if (lab.d_partitions[RAW_PART].p_offset == mbroffset)
453		for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
454			if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
455				lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset -= mbroffset;
456	return (error);
457}
458
459
460static void
461display(FILE *f, const struct disklabel *lp)
462{
463	int i, j;
464	const struct partition *pp;
465
466	if (lp == NULL)
467		lp = &lab;
468
469	fprintf(f, "# %s:\n", specname);
470	if (allfields) {
471		if (lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
472			fprintf(f, "type: %s\n", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
473		else
474			fprintf(f, "type: %u\n", lp->d_type);
475		fprintf(f, "disk: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_typename),
476			lp->d_typename);
477		fprintf(f, "label: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_packname),
478			lp->d_packname);
479		fprintf(f, "flags:");
480		if (lp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
481			fprintf(f, " removeable");
482		if (lp->d_flags & D_ECC)
483			fprintf(f, " ecc");
484		if (lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
485			fprintf(f, " badsect");
486		fprintf(f, "\n");
487		fprintf(f, "bytes/sector: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secsize);
488		fprintf(f, "sectors/track: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_nsectors);
489		fprintf(f, "tracks/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ntracks);
490		fprintf(f, "sectors/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secpercyl);
491		fprintf(f, "cylinders: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ncylinders);
492		fprintf(f, "sectors/unit: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secperunit);
493		fprintf(f, "rpm: %u\n", lp->d_rpm);
494		fprintf(f, "interleave: %u\n", lp->d_interleave);
495		fprintf(f, "trackskew: %u\n", lp->d_trackskew);
496		fprintf(f, "cylinderskew: %u\n", lp->d_cylskew);
497		fprintf(f, "headswitch: %lu\t\t# milliseconds\n",
498		    (u_long)lp->d_headswitch);
499		fprintf(f, "track-to-track seek: %ld\t# milliseconds\n",
500		    (u_long)lp->d_trkseek);
501		fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
502		for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
503			if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
504				break;
505		if (i < 0)
506			i = 0;
507		for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
508			fprintf(f, "%lu ", (u_long)lp->d_drivedata[j]);
509		fprintf(f, "\n\n");
510	}
511	fprintf(f, "%u partitions:\n", lp->d_npartitions);
512	fprintf(f,
513	    "#        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n");
514	pp = lp->d_partitions;
515	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
516		if (pp->p_size) {
517			fprintf(f, "  %c: %8lu %8lu  ", 'a' + i,
518			   (u_long)pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
519			if (pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
520				fprintf(f, "%8.8s", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
521			else
522				fprintf(f, "%8d", pp->p_fstype);
523			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
524
525			case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
526				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5.5s ",
527				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
528				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag), "");
529				break;
530
531			case FS_BSDFFS:
532				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5u ",
533				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
534				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
535				    pp->p_cpg);
536				break;
537
538			case FS_BSDLFS:
539				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5d",
540				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
541				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
542				    pp->p_cpg);
543				break;
544
545			default:
546				fprintf(f, "%20.20s", "");
547				break;
548			}
549			if (i == RAW_PART) {
550				fprintf(f, "  # \"raw\" part, don't edit");
551			}
552			fprintf(f, "\n");
553		}
554	}
555	fflush(f);
556}
557
558static int
559edit(void)
560{
561	int c, fd;
562	struct disklabel label;
563	FILE *fp;
564
565	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 ||
566	    (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
567		warnx("can't create %s", tmpfil);
568		return (1);
569	}
570	display(fp, NULL);
571	fclose(fp);
572	for (;;) {
573		if (!editit())
574			break;
575		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
576		if (fp == NULL) {
577			warnx("can't reopen %s for reading", tmpfil);
578			break;
579		}
580		bzero((char *)&label, sizeof(label));
581		c = getasciilabel(fp, &label);
582		fclose(fp);
583		if (c) {
584			lab = label;
585			if (writelabel() == 0) {
586				(void) unlink(tmpfil);
587				return (0);
588			}
589		}
590		printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
591		fflush(stdout);
592		c = getchar();
593		if (c != EOF && c != (int)'\n')
594			while (getchar() != (int)'\n')
595				;
596		if  (c == (int)'n')
597			break;
598	}
599	(void) unlink(tmpfil);
600	return (1);
601}
602
603static int
604editit(void)
605{
606	int pid, xpid;
607	int locstat, omask;
608	const char *ed;
609
610	omask = sigblock(sigmask(SIGINT)|sigmask(SIGQUIT)|sigmask(SIGHUP));
611	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
612		if (errno == EPROCLIM) {
613			warnx("you have too many processes");
614			return(0);
615		}
616		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
617			warn("fork");
618			return(0);
619		}
620		sleep(1);
621	}
622	if (pid == 0) {
623		sigsetmask(omask);
624		setgid(getgid());
625		setuid(getuid());
626		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
627			ed = DEFEDITOR;
628		execlp(ed, ed, tmpfil, (char *)0);
629		err(1, "%s", ed);
630	}
631	while ((xpid = wait(&locstat)) >= 0)
632		if (xpid == pid)
633			break;
634	sigsetmask(omask);
635	return(!locstat);
636}
637
638static char *
639skip(char *cp)
640{
641
642	while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
643		cp++;
644	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
645		return (NULL);
646	return (cp);
647}
648
649static char *
650word(char *cp)
651{
652	char c;
653
654	while (*cp != '\0' && !isspace(*cp) && *cp != '#')
655		cp++;
656	if ((c = *cp) != '\0') {
657		*cp++ = '\0';
658		if (c != '#')
659			return (skip(cp));
660	}
661	return (NULL);
662}
663
664/*
665 * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
666 * in the same format as that put out by display(),
667 * and fill in lp.
668 */
669static int
670getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
671{
672	char *cp;
673	const char **cpp;
674	u_int part;
675	char *tp, line[BUFSIZ];
676	u_long v;
677	int lineno = 0, errors = 0;
678	int i;
679
680	makelabel("auto", lp);
681	bzero(&part_set, sizeof(part_set));
682	bzero(&part_size_type, sizeof(part_size_type));
683	bzero(&part_offset_type, sizeof(part_offset_type));
684	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
685	lp->d_sbsize = 0;				/* XXX */
686	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
687		lineno++;
688		if ((cp = index(line,'\n')) != 0)
689			*cp = '\0';
690		cp = skip(line);
691		if (cp == NULL)
692			continue;
693		tp = index(cp, ':');
694		if (tp == NULL) {
695			fprintf(stderr, "line %d: syntax error\n", lineno);
696			errors++;
697			continue;
698		}
699		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
700		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
701			if (tp == NULL)
702				tp = unknown;
703			cpp = dktypenames;
704			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
705				if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, tp)) {
706					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
707					break;
708				}
709			if (cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES])
710				continue;
711			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
712			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
713				fprintf(stderr, "line %d:%s %lu\n", lineno,
714				    "Warning, unknown disk type", v);
715			lp->d_type = v;
716			continue;
717		}
718		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
719			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
720				tp = word(cp);
721				if (!strcmp(cp, "removeable"))
722					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
723				else if (!strcmp(cp, "ecc"))
724					v |= D_ECC;
725				else if (!strcmp(cp, "badsect"))
726					v |= D_BADSECT;
727				else {
728					fprintf(stderr,
729					    "line %d: %s: bad flag\n",
730					    lineno, cp);
731					errors++;
732				}
733			}
734			lp->d_flags = v;
735			continue;
736		}
737		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
738			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
739				lp->d_drivedata[i++] = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
740				tp = word(cp);
741			}
742			continue;
743		}
744		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
745			if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
746				fprintf(stderr,
747				    "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
748				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
749				errors++;
750			} else
751				lp->d_npartitions = v;
752			continue;
753		}
754		if (tp == NULL)
755			tp = blank;
756		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
757			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof (lp->d_typename));
758			continue;
759		}
760		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
761			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof (lp->d_packname));
762			continue;
763		}
764		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
765			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
766			if (v == 0 || (v % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
767				fprintf(stderr,
768				    "line %d: %s: bad sector size\n",
769				    lineno, tp);
770				errors++;
771			} else
772				lp->d_secsize = v;
773			continue;
774		}
775		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
776			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
777#if (ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffffUL)
778			if (v == 0 || v > 0xffffffff) {
779#else
780			if (v == 0) {
781#endif
782				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
783				    lineno, tp, cp);
784				errors++;
785			} else
786				lp->d_nsectors = v;
787			continue;
788		}
789		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
790			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
791			if (v == 0) {
792				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
793				    lineno, tp, cp);
794				errors++;
795			} else
796				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
797			continue;
798		}
799		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
800			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
801			if (v == 0) {
802				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
803				    lineno, tp, cp);
804				errors++;
805			} else
806				lp->d_ntracks = v;
807			continue;
808		}
809		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
810			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
811			if (v == 0) {
812				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
813				    lineno, tp, cp);
814				errors++;
815			} else
816				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
817			continue;
818		}
819		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
820			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
821			if (v == 0) {
822				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
823				    lineno, tp, cp);
824				errors++;
825			} else
826				lp->d_secperunit = v;
827			continue;
828		}
829		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
830			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
831			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
832				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
833				    lineno, tp, cp);
834				errors++;
835			} else
836				lp->d_rpm = v;
837			continue;
838		}
839		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
840			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
841			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
842				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
843				    lineno, tp, cp);
844				errors++;
845			} else
846				lp->d_interleave = v;
847			continue;
848		}
849		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
850			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
851			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
852				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
853				    lineno, tp, cp);
854				errors++;
855			} else
856				lp->d_trackskew = v;
857			continue;
858		}
859		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
860			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
861			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
862				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
863				    lineno, tp, cp);
864				errors++;
865			} else
866				lp->d_cylskew = v;
867			continue;
868		}
869		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
870			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
871			lp->d_headswitch = v;
872			continue;
873		}
874		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
875			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
876			lp->d_trkseek = v;
877			continue;
878		}
879		/* the ':' was removed above */
880		if (*cp < 'a' || *cp > MAX_PART || cp[1] != '\0') {
881			fprintf(stderr,
882			    "line %d: %s: Unknown disklabel field\n", lineno,
883			    cp);
884			errors++;
885			continue;
886		}
887
888		/* Process a partition specification line. */
889		part = *cp - 'a';
890		if (part >= lp->d_npartitions) {
891			fprintf(stderr,
892			    "line %d: partition name out of range a-%c: %s\n",
893			    lineno, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions - 1, cp);
894			errors++;
895			continue;
896		}
897		part_set[part] = 1;
898
899		if (getasciipartspec(tp, lp, part, lineno) != 0) {
900			errors++;
901			break;
902		}
903	}
904	errors += checklabel(lp);
905	return (errors == 0);
906}
907
908#define NXTNUM(n) do { \
909	if (tp == NULL) { \
910		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
911		return (1); \
912	} else { \
913		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
914		(n) = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10); \
915	} \
916} while (0)
917
918/* retain 1 character following number */
919#define NXTWORD(w,n) do { \
920	if (tp == NULL) { \
921		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
922		return (1); \
923	} else { \
924	        char *tmp; \
925		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
926	        (n) = strtoul(cp, &tmp, 10); \
927		if (tmp) (w) = *tmp; \
928	} \
929} while (0)
930
931/*
932 * Read a partition line into partition `part' in the specified disklabel.
933 * Return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
934 */
935static int
936getasciipartspec(char *tp, struct disklabel *lp, int part, int lineno)
937{
938	struct partition *pp;
939	char *cp;
940	const char **cpp;
941	u_long v;
942
943	pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
944	cp = NULL;
945
946	v = 0;
947	NXTWORD(part_size_type[part],v);
948	if (v == 0 && part_size_type[part] != '*') {
949		fprintf(stderr,
950		    "line %d: %s: bad partition size\n", lineno, cp);
951		return (1);
952	}
953	pp->p_size = v;
954
955	v = 0;
956	NXTWORD(part_offset_type[part],v);
957	if (v == 0 && part_offset_type[part] != '*' &&
958	    part_offset_type[part] != '\0') {
959		fprintf(stderr,
960		    "line %d: %s: bad partition offset\n", lineno, cp);
961		return (1);
962	}
963	pp->p_offset = v;
964	if (tp == NULL) {
965		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: missing file system type\n", lineno);
966		return (1);
967	}
968	cp = tp, tp = word(cp);
969	for (cpp = fstypenames; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
970		if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, cp))
971			break;
972	if (*cpp != NULL) {
973		pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
974	} else {
975		if (isdigit(*cp))
976			v = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
977		else
978			v = FSMAXTYPES;
979		if (v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
980			fprintf(stderr,
981			    "line %d: Warning, unknown file system type %s\n",
982			    lineno, cp);
983			v = FS_UNUSED;
984		}
985		pp->p_fstype = v;
986	}
987
988	switch (pp->p_fstype) {
989	case FS_UNUSED:
990		/*
991		 * allow us to accept defaults for
992		 * fsize/frag/cpg
993		 */
994		if (tp) {
995			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
996			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
997				break;
998			NXTNUM(v);
999			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1000		}
1001		/* else default to 0's */
1002		break;
1003
1004	/* These happen to be the same */
1005	case FS_BSDFFS:
1006	case FS_BSDLFS:
1007		if (tp) {
1008			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1009			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1010				break;
1011			NXTNUM(v);
1012			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1013			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1014		} else {
1015			/*
1016			 * FIX! poor attempt at adaptive
1017			 */
1018			/* 1 GB */
1019			if (pp->p_size < 1024*1024*1024 / lp->d_secsize) {
1020				/*
1021				 * FIX! These are too low, but are traditional
1022				 */
1023				pp->p_fsize = DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
1024				pp->p_frag = DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK /
1025				    DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
1026				pp->p_cpg = DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG;
1027			} else {
1028				pp->p_fsize = BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
1029				pp->p_frag = BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK /
1030				    BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
1031				pp->p_cpg = BIG_NEWFS_CPG;
1032			}
1033		}
1034	default:
1035		break;
1036	}
1037	return (0);
1038}
1039
1040/*
1041 * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1042 * derived fields according to supplied values.
1043 */
1044static int
1045checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1046{
1047	struct partition *pp;
1048	int i, errors = 0;
1049	char part;
1050	u_long total_size, total_percent, current_offset;
1051	int seen_default_offset;
1052	int hog_part;
1053	int j;
1054	struct partition *pp2;
1055
1056	if (lp == NULL)
1057		lp = &lab;
1058
1059	if (allfields) {
1060
1061		if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1062			fprintf(stderr, "sector size 0\n");
1063			return (1);
1064		}
1065		if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1066			fprintf(stderr, "sectors/track 0\n");
1067			return (1);
1068		}
1069		if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1070			fprintf(stderr, "tracks/cylinder 0\n");
1071			return (1);
1072		}
1073		if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1074			fprintf(stderr, "cylinders/unit 0\n");
1075			errors++;
1076		}
1077		if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1078			warnx("revolutions/minute 0");
1079		if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1080			lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1081		if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1082			lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1083		if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1084			fprintf(stderr, "boot block size 0\n");
1085			errors++;
1086		} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1087			warnx("boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1088		if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1089			warnx("number of partitions (%lu) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1090			    (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1091	} else {
1092		struct disklabel *vl;
1093
1094		vl = getvirginlabel();
1095		lp->d_secsize = vl->d_secsize;
1096		lp->d_nsectors = vl->d_nsectors;
1097		lp->d_ntracks = vl->d_ntracks;
1098		lp->d_ncylinders = vl->d_ncylinders;
1099		lp->d_rpm = vl->d_rpm;
1100		lp->d_interleave = vl->d_interleave;
1101		lp->d_secpercyl = vl->d_secpercyl;
1102		lp->d_secperunit = vl->d_secperunit;
1103		lp->d_bbsize = vl->d_bbsize;
1104		lp->d_npartitions = vl->d_npartitions;
1105	}
1106
1107
1108	/* first allocate space to the partitions, then offsets */
1109	total_size = 0; /* in sectors */
1110	total_percent = 0; /* in percent */
1111	hog_part = -1;
1112	/* find all fixed partitions */
1113	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1114		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1115		if (part_set[i]) {
1116			if (part_size_type[i] == '*') {
1117				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1118					pp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1119				} else {
1120					if (hog_part != -1)
1121						warnx("Too many '*' partitions (%c and %c)",
1122						    hog_part + 'a',i + 'a');
1123					else
1124						hog_part = i;
1125				}
1126			} else {
1127				off_t size;
1128
1129				size = pp->p_size;
1130				switch (part_size_type[i]) {
1131				case '%':
1132					total_percent += size;
1133					break;
1134				case 'k':
1135				case 'K':
1136					size *= 1024ULL;
1137					break;
1138				case 'm':
1139				case 'M':
1140					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1141					break;
1142				case 'g':
1143				case 'G':
1144					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1145					break;
1146				case '\0':
1147					break;
1148				default:
1149					warnx("unknown size specifier '%c' (K/M/G are valid)",part_size_type[i]);
1150					break;
1151				}
1152				/* don't count %'s yet */
1153				if (part_size_type[i] != '%') {
1154					/*
1155					 * for all not in sectors, convert to
1156					 * sectors
1157					 */
1158					if (part_size_type[i] != '\0') {
1159						if (size % lp->d_secsize != 0)
1160							warnx("partition %c not an integer number of sectors",
1161							    i + 'a');
1162						size /= lp->d_secsize;
1163						pp->p_size = size;
1164					}
1165					/* else already in sectors */
1166					if (i != RAW_PART)
1167						total_size += size;
1168				}
1169			}
1170		}
1171	}
1172	/* handle % partitions - note %'s don't need to add up to 100! */
1173	if (total_percent != 0) {
1174		long free_space = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1175		if (total_percent > 100) {
1176			fprintf(stderr,"total percentage %lu is greater than 100\n",
1177			    total_percent);
1178			errors++;
1179		}
1180
1181		if (free_space > 0) {
1182			for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1183				pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1184				if (part_set[i] && part_size_type[i] == '%') {
1185					/* careful of overflows! and integer roundoff */
1186					pp->p_size = ((double)pp->p_size/100) * free_space;
1187					total_size += pp->p_size;
1188
1189					/* FIX we can lose a sector or so due to roundoff per
1190					   partition.  A more complex algorithm could avoid that */
1191				}
1192			}
1193		} else {
1194			fprintf(stderr,
1195			    "%ld sectors available to give to '*' and '%%' partitions\n",
1196			    free_space);
1197			errors++;
1198			/* fix?  set all % partitions to size 0? */
1199		}
1200	}
1201	/* give anything remaining to the hog partition */
1202	if (hog_part != -1) {
1203		lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1204		total_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1205	}
1206
1207	/* Now set the offsets for each partition */
1208	current_offset = 0; /* in sectors */
1209	seen_default_offset = 0;
1210	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1211		part = 'a' + i;
1212		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1213		if (part_set[i]) {
1214			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1215				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1216					pp->p_offset = 0;
1217				} else {
1218					pp->p_offset = current_offset;
1219					seen_default_offset = 1;
1220				}
1221			} else {
1222				/* allow them to be out of order for old-style tables */
1223				if (pp->p_offset < current_offset &&
1224				    seen_default_offset && i != RAW_PART &&
1225				    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM) {
1226					fprintf(stderr,
1227"Offset %ld for partition %c overlaps previous partition which ends at %lu\n",
1228					    (long)pp->p_offset,i+'a',current_offset);
1229					fprintf(stderr,
1230"Labels with any *'s for offset must be in ascending order by sector\n");
1231					errors++;
1232				} else if (pp->p_offset != current_offset &&
1233				    i != RAW_PART && seen_default_offset) {
1234					/*
1235					 * this may give unneeded warnings if
1236					 * partitions are out-of-order
1237					 */
1238					warnx(
1239"Offset %ld for partition %c doesn't match expected value %ld",
1240					    (long)pp->p_offset, i + 'a', current_offset);
1241				}
1242			}
1243			if (i != RAW_PART)
1244				current_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1245		}
1246	}
1247
1248	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1249		part = 'a' + i;
1250		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1251		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1252			warnx("partition %c: size 0, but offset %lu",
1253			    part, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1254#ifdef notdef
1255		if (pp->p_size % lp->d_secpercyl)
1256			warnx("partition %c: size %% cylinder-size != 0",
1257			    part);
1258		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl)
1259			warnx("partition %c: offset %% cylinder-size != 0",
1260			    part);
1261#endif
1262		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1263			fprintf(stderr,
1264			    "partition %c: offset past end of unit\n", part);
1265			errors++;
1266		}
1267		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1268			fprintf(stderr,
1269			"partition %c: partition extends past end of unit\n",
1270			    part);
1271			errors++;
1272		}
1273		if (i == RAW_PART) {
1274			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1275				warnx("partition %c is not marked as unused!",part);
1276			if (pp->p_offset != 0)
1277				warnx("partition %c doesn't start at 0!",part);
1278			if (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)
1279				warnx("partition %c doesn't cover the whole unit!",part);
1280
1281			if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) || (pp->p_offset != 0) ||
1282			    (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)) {
1283				warnx("An incorrect partition %c may cause problems for "
1284				    "standard system utilities",part);
1285			}
1286		}
1287
1288		/* check for overlaps */
1289		/* this will check for all possible overlaps once and only once */
1290		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1291			pp2 = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1292			if (j != RAW_PART && i != RAW_PART &&
1293			    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1294			    pp2->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1295			    part_set[i] && part_set[j]) {
1296				if (pp2->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size &&
1297				    (pp2->p_offset + pp2->p_size > pp->p_offset ||
1298					pp2->p_offset >= pp->p_offset)) {
1299					fprintf(stderr,"partitions %c and %c overlap!\n",
1300					    j + 'a', i + 'a');
1301					errors++;
1302				}
1303			}
1304		}
1305	}
1306	for (; i < MAXPARTITIONS; i++) {
1307		part = 'a' + i;
1308		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1309		if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset)
1310			warnx("unused partition %c: size %d offset %lu",
1311			    'a' + i, pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1312	}
1313	return (errors);
1314}
1315
1316/*
1317 * When operating on a "virgin" disk, try getting an initial label
1318 * from the associated device driver.  This might work for all device
1319 * drivers that are able to fetch some initial device parameters
1320 * without even having access to a (BSD) disklabel, like SCSI disks,
1321 * most IDE drives, or vn devices.
1322 *
1323 * The device name must be given in its "canonical" form.
1324 */
1325static struct disklabel *
1326getvirginlabel(void)
1327{
1328	static struct disklabel loclab;
1329	struct partition *dp;
1330	int f;
1331	u_int u;
1332
1333	if ((f = open(specname, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
1334		warn("cannot open %s", specname);
1335		return (NULL);
1336	}
1337
1338	/* New world order */
1339	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
1340	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
1341		close (f);
1342		return (NULL);
1343	}
1344	memset(&loclab, 0, sizeof loclab);
1345	loclab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
1346	loclab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
1347	loclab.d_secsize = secsize;
1348	loclab.d_secperunit = mediasize / secsize;
1349
1350	/*
1351	 * Nobody in these enligthened days uses the CHS geometry for
1352	 * anything, but nontheless try to get it right.  If we fail
1353	 * to get any good ideas from the device, construct something
1354	 * which is IBM-PC friendly.
1355	 */
1356	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u) == 0)
1357		loclab.d_nsectors = u;
1358	else
1359		loclab.d_nsectors = 63;
1360	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u) == 0)
1361		loclab.d_ntracks = u;
1362	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
1363		loclab.d_ntracks = 1;
1364	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
1365		loclab.d_ntracks = 16;
1366	else
1367		loclab.d_ntracks = 255;
1368	loclab.d_secpercyl = loclab.d_ntracks * loclab.d_nsectors;
1369	loclab.d_ncylinders = loclab.d_secperunit / loclab.d_secpercyl;
1370	loclab.d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
1371
1372	/* Various (unneeded) compat stuff */
1373	loclab.d_rpm = 3600;
1374	loclab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
1375	loclab.d_interleave = 1;
1376	strncpy(loclab.d_typename, "amnesiac",
1377	    sizeof(loclab.d_typename));
1378
1379	dp = &loclab.d_partitions[RAW_PART];
1380	dp->p_size = loclab.d_secperunit;
1381	loclab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&loclab);
1382	close (f);
1383	return (&loclab);
1384}
1385
1386static void
1387usage(void)
1388{
1389
1390	fprintf(stderr,
1391	"%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1392	"usage: bsdlabel disk",
1393	"\t\t(to read label)",
1394	"	bsdlabel -w [-n] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1395	"\t\t(to write label with existing boot program)",
1396	"	bsdlabel -e [-n] [-m machine] disk",
1397	"\t\t(to edit label)",
1398	"	bsdlabel -R [-n] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1399	"\t\t(to restore label with existing boot program)",
1400	"	bsdlabel -B [-b boot] [-m machine] disk",
1401	"\t\t(to install boot program with existing on-disk label)",
1402	"	bsdlabel -w -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1403	"\t\t(to write label and install boot program)",
1404	"	bsdlabel -R -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1405		"\t\t(to restore label and install boot program)"
1406	);
1407	exit(1);
1408}
1409