bsdlabel.c revision 115696 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Gordon W. Ross
3 * Copyright (c) 1994 Theo de Raadt
4 * All rights reserved.
5 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
6 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7 *
8 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9 * Symmetric Computer Systems.
10 *
11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * are met:
14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23 *      This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt.
24 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26 *    without specific prior written permission.
27 *
28 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38 * SUCH DAMAGE.
39 *
40 *	from: $NetBSD: disksubr.c,v 1.13 2000/12/17 22:39:18 pk $
41 */
42
43#if 0
44#ifndef lint
45static const char copyright[] =
46"@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\n\
47	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
48#endif /* not lint */
49
50#ifndef lint
51static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/7/94";
52/* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
53#endif /* not lint */
54#endif
55#include <sys/cdefs.h>
56__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.c 115696 2003-06-02 14:19:31Z phk $");
57
58#include <sys/param.h>
59#include <stdint.h>
60#include <sys/file.h>
61#include <sys/stat.h>
62#include <sys/wait.h>
63#include <sys/disk.h>
64#define DKTYPENAMES
65#define FSTYPENAMES
66#include <sys/disklabel.h>
67
68#include <unistd.h>
69#include <string.h>
70#include <stdio.h>
71#include <libgeom.h>
72#include <stdlib.h>
73#include <signal.h>
74#include <stdarg.h>
75#include <ctype.h>
76#include <err.h>
77#include <errno.h>
78
79#include "pathnames.h"
80
81/* FIX!  These are too low, but are traditional */
82#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK  8192U
83#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG   1024U
84#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG    16U
85
86#define BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK  16384U
87#define BIG_NEWFS_FRAG   2048U
88#define BIG_NEWFS_CPG    64U
89
90static void	makelabel(const char *, struct disklabel *);
91static int	writelabel(void);
92static int readlabel(int flag);
93static void	display(FILE *, const struct disklabel *);
94static int edit(void);
95static int	editit(void);
96static char	*skip(char *);
97static char	*word(char *);
98static int	getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
99static int	getasciipartspec(char *, struct disklabel *, int, int);
100static int	checklabel(struct disklabel *);
101static void	usage(void);
102static struct disklabel *getvirginlabel(void);
103
104#define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
105
106static char	*dkname;
107static char	*specname;
108static char	tmpfil[] = PATH_TMPFILE;
109
110static struct	disklabel lab;
111static u_char	bootarea[BBSIZE];
112static off_t	mediasize;
113static u_int	secsize;
114static char	blank[] = "";
115static char	unknown[] = "unknown";
116
117#define MAX_PART ('z')
118#define MAX_NUM_PARTS (1 + MAX_PART - 'a')
119static char    part_size_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
120static char    part_offset_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
121static int     part_set[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
122
123static int	installboot;	/* non-zero if we should install a boot program */
124static int	allfields;	/* present all fields in edit */
125static char const *xxboot;	/* primary boot */
126
127static off_t mbroffset;
128static int labelsoffset = LABELSECTOR;
129static int labeloffset = LABELOFFSET;
130static int bbsize = BBSIZE;
131static int alphacksum =
132#if defined(__alpha__)
133	1;
134#else
135	0;
136#endif
137
138enum	{
139	UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, WRITE, WRITEBOOT
140} op = UNSPEC;
141
142
143static int	disable_write;   /* set to disable writing to disk label */
144
145int
146main(int argc, char *argv[])
147{
148	FILE *t;
149	int ch, error = 0;
150	char const *name = 0;
151
152	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ABb:em:nRrs:w")) != -1)
153		switch (ch) {
154			case 'A':
155				allfields = 1;
156				break;
157			case 'B':
158				++installboot;
159				break;
160			case 'b':
161				xxboot = optarg;
162				break;
163			case 'm':
164				if (!strcmp(optarg, "i386")) {
165					labelsoffset = 1;
166					labeloffset = 0;
167					bbsize = 8192;
168					alphacksum = 0;
169				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "pc98")) {
170					labelsoffset = 1;
171					labeloffset = 0;
172					bbsize = 8192;
173					alphacksum = 0;
174				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "alpha")) {
175					labelsoffset = 0;
176					labeloffset = 64;
177					bbsize = 8192;
178					alphacksum = 1;
179				} else {
180					errx(1, "Unsupported architecture");
181				}
182				break;
183			case 'n':
184				disable_write = 1;
185				break;
186			case 'R':
187				if (op != UNSPEC)
188					usage();
189				op = RESTORE;
190				break;
191			case 'e':
192				if (op != UNSPEC)
193					usage();
194				op = EDIT;
195				break;
196			case 'r':
197				/*
198				 * We accept and ignode -r for compatibility with
199				 * historically disklabel usage.
200				 */
201				break;
202			case 'w':
203				if (op != UNSPEC)
204					usage();
205				op = WRITE;
206				break;
207			case '?':
208			default:
209				usage();
210		}
211	argc -= optind;
212	argv += optind;
213
214	if (argc < 1)
215		usage();
216
217	/* Figure out the names of the thing we're working on */
218	if (argv[0][0] != '/') {
219		dkname = argv[0];
220		asprintf(&specname, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
221	} else {
222		dkname = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
223		dkname++;
224		specname = argv[0];
225	}
226
227	if (installboot && op == UNSPEC)
228		op = WRITEBOOT;
229	else if (op == UNSPEC)
230		op = READ;
231
232	switch(op) {
233
234	case UNSPEC:
235		break;
236
237	case EDIT:
238		if (argc != 1)
239			usage();
240		readlabel(1);
241		error = edit();
242		break;
243
244	case READ:
245		if (argc != 1)
246			usage();
247		readlabel(1);
248		display(stdout, NULL);
249		error = checklabel(NULL);
250		break;
251
252	case RESTORE:
253		if (argc != 2)
254			usage();
255		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
256			err(4, "fopen %s", argv[1]);
257		readlabel(0);
258		if (!getasciilabel(t, &lab))
259			exit(1);
260		error = writelabel();
261		break;
262
263	case WRITE:
264		if (argc == 2)
265			name = argv[1];
266		else if (argc == 1)
267			name = "auto";
268		else
269			usage();
270		readlabel(0);
271		makelabel(name, &lab);
272		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
273			error = writelabel();
274		break;
275
276	case WRITEBOOT:
277
278		readlabel(1);
279		if (argc == 2)
280			makelabel(argv[1], &lab);
281		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
282			error = writelabel();
283		break;
284	}
285	exit(error);
286}
287
288/*
289 * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
290 */
291static void
292makelabel(const char *type, struct disklabel *lp)
293{
294	struct disklabel *dp;
295
296	if (strcmp(type, "auto") == 0)
297		dp = getvirginlabel();
298	else
299		dp = getdiskbyname(type);
300	if (dp == NULL)
301		errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", type);
302	*lp = *dp;
303	bzero(lp->d_packname, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
304}
305
306static void
307readboot(void)
308{
309	int fd, i;
310	struct stat st;
311
312	if (xxboot == NULL)
313		xxboot = "/boot/boot";
314	fd = open(xxboot, O_RDONLY);
315	if (fd < 0)
316		err(1, "cannot open %s", xxboot);
317	fstat(fd, &st);
318	if (alphacksum && st.st_size <= BBSIZE - 512) {
319		i = read(fd, bootarea + 512, st.st_size);
320		if (i != st.st_size)
321			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
322		return;
323	} else if ((!alphacksum) && st.st_size <= BBSIZE) {
324		i = read(fd, bootarea, st.st_size);
325		if (i != st.st_size)
326			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
327		return;
328	}
329	errx(1, "boot code %s is wrong size", xxboot);
330}
331
332static int
333writelabel(void)
334{
335	uint64_t *p, sum;
336	int i, fd;
337	struct gctl_req *grq;
338	char const *errstr;
339	struct disklabel *lp = &lab;
340
341	if (disable_write) {
342		warnx("write to disk label supressed - label was as follows:");
343		display(stdout, NULL);
344		return (0);
345	}
346
347	lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
348	lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
349	lp->d_checksum = 0;
350	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
351	if (installboot)
352		readboot();
353	for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
354		if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
355			lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset += mbroffset;
356	bsd_disklabel_le_enc(bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize,
357	    lp);
358	if (alphacksum) {
359		/* Generate the bootblock checksum for the SRM console.  */
360		for (p = (uint64_t *)bootarea, i = 0, sum = 0; i < 63; i++)
361			sum += p[i];
362		p[63] = sum;
363	}
364
365	fd = open(specname, O_RDWR);
366	if (fd < 0) {
367		grq = gctl_get_handle();
368		gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write label");
369		gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
370		gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
371		gctl_ro_param(grq, "label", 148+16*8,
372			bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize);
373		errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
374		if (errstr != NULL) {
375			warnx("%s", errstr);
376			gctl_free(grq);
377			return(1);
378		}
379		gctl_free(grq);
380		if (installboot) {
381			grq = gctl_get_handle();
382			gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write bootcode");
383			gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
384			gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
385			gctl_ro_param(grq, "bootcode", BBSIZE, bootarea);
386			errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
387			if (errstr != NULL) {
388				warnx("%s", errstr);
389				gctl_free(grq);
390				return (1);
391			}
392			gctl_free(grq);
393		}
394	} else {
395		if (write(fd, bootarea, bbsize) != bbsize) {
396			warn("write %s", specname);
397			close (fd);
398			return (1);
399		}
400		close (fd);
401	}
402	return (0);
403}
404
405/*
406 * Fetch disklabel for disk.
407 * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
408 */
409static int
410readlabel(int flag)
411{
412	int f, i;
413	int error;
414	struct gctl_req *grq;
415	char const *errstr;
416
417	f = open(specname, O_RDONLY);
418	if (f < 0)
419		err(1, specname);
420	/* New world order */
421	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
422	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
423		err(4, "cannot get disk geometry");
424	}
425	(void)lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
426	if (read(f, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
427		err(4, "%s read", specname);
428	close (f);
429	error = bsd_disklabel_le_dec(
430	    bootarea + (labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize),
431	    &lab, MAXPARTITIONS);
432	if (flag && error)
433		errx(1, "%s: no valid label found", specname);
434
435	grq = gctl_get_handle();
436	gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "read mbroffset");
437	gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
438	gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
439	gctl_rw_param(grq, "mbroffset", sizeof(mbroffset), &mbroffset);
440	errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
441	if (errstr != NULL) {
442		mbroffset = 0;
443		gctl_free(grq);
444		return (error);
445	}
446	mbroffset /= lab.d_secsize;
447	if (lab.d_partitions[RAW_PART].p_offset == mbroffset)
448		for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
449			if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
450				lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset -= mbroffset;
451	return (error);
452}
453
454
455static void
456display(FILE *f, const struct disklabel *lp)
457{
458	int i, j;
459	const struct partition *pp;
460
461	if (lp == NULL)
462		lp = &lab;
463
464	fprintf(f, "# %s:\n", specname);
465	if (allfields) {
466		if (lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
467			fprintf(f, "type: %s\n", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
468		else
469			fprintf(f, "type: %u\n", lp->d_type);
470		fprintf(f, "disk: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_typename),
471			lp->d_typename);
472		fprintf(f, "label: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_packname),
473			lp->d_packname);
474		fprintf(f, "flags:");
475		if (lp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
476			fprintf(f, " removeable");
477		if (lp->d_flags & D_ECC)
478			fprintf(f, " ecc");
479		if (lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
480			fprintf(f, " badsect");
481		fprintf(f, "\n");
482		fprintf(f, "bytes/sector: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secsize);
483		fprintf(f, "sectors/track: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_nsectors);
484		fprintf(f, "tracks/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ntracks);
485		fprintf(f, "sectors/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secpercyl);
486		fprintf(f, "cylinders: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ncylinders);
487		fprintf(f, "sectors/unit: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secperunit);
488		fprintf(f, "rpm: %u\n", lp->d_rpm);
489		fprintf(f, "interleave: %u\n", lp->d_interleave);
490		fprintf(f, "trackskew: %u\n", lp->d_trackskew);
491		fprintf(f, "cylinderskew: %u\n", lp->d_cylskew);
492		fprintf(f, "headswitch: %lu\t\t# milliseconds\n",
493		    (u_long)lp->d_headswitch);
494		fprintf(f, "track-to-track seek: %ld\t# milliseconds\n",
495		    (u_long)lp->d_trkseek);
496		fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
497		for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
498			if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
499				break;
500		if (i < 0)
501			i = 0;
502		for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
503			fprintf(f, "%lu ", (u_long)lp->d_drivedata[j]);
504		fprintf(f, "\n\n");
505	}
506	fprintf(f, "%u partitions:\n", lp->d_npartitions);
507	fprintf(f,
508	    "#        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n");
509	pp = lp->d_partitions;
510	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
511		if (pp->p_size) {
512			fprintf(f, "  %c: %8lu %8lu  ", 'a' + i,
513			   (u_long)pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
514			if (pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
515				fprintf(f, "%8.8s", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
516			else
517				fprintf(f, "%8d", pp->p_fstype);
518			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
519
520			case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
521				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5.5s ",
522				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
523				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag), "");
524				break;
525
526			case FS_BSDFFS:
527				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5u ",
528				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
529				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
530				    pp->p_cpg);
531				break;
532
533			case FS_BSDLFS:
534				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5d",
535				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
536				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
537				    pp->p_cpg);
538				break;
539
540			default:
541				fprintf(f, "%20.20s", "");
542				break;
543			}
544			if (i == RAW_PART) {
545				fprintf(f, "  # \"raw\" part, don't edit");
546			}
547			fprintf(f, "\n");
548		}
549	}
550	fflush(f);
551}
552
553static int
554edit(void)
555{
556	int c, fd;
557	struct disklabel label;
558	FILE *fp;
559
560	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 ||
561	    (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
562		warnx("can't create %s", tmpfil);
563		return (1);
564	}
565	display(fp, NULL);
566	fclose(fp);
567	for (;;) {
568		if (!editit())
569			break;
570		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
571		if (fp == NULL) {
572			warnx("can't reopen %s for reading", tmpfil);
573			break;
574		}
575		bzero((char *)&label, sizeof(label));
576		c = getasciilabel(fp, &label);
577		fclose(fp);
578		if (c) {
579			lab = label;
580			if (writelabel() == 0) {
581				(void) unlink(tmpfil);
582				return (0);
583			}
584		}
585		printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
586		fflush(stdout);
587		c = getchar();
588		if (c != EOF && c != (int)'\n')
589			while (getchar() != (int)'\n')
590				;
591		if  (c == (int)'n')
592			break;
593	}
594	(void) unlink(tmpfil);
595	return (1);
596}
597
598static int
599editit(void)
600{
601	int pid, xpid;
602	int locstat, omask;
603	const char *ed;
604
605	omask = sigblock(sigmask(SIGINT)|sigmask(SIGQUIT)|sigmask(SIGHUP));
606	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
607		if (errno == EPROCLIM) {
608			warnx("you have too many processes");
609			return(0);
610		}
611		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
612			warn("fork");
613			return(0);
614		}
615		sleep(1);
616	}
617	if (pid == 0) {
618		sigsetmask(omask);
619		setgid(getgid());
620		setuid(getuid());
621		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
622			ed = DEFEDITOR;
623		execlp(ed, ed, tmpfil, (char *)0);
624		err(1, "%s", ed);
625	}
626	while ((xpid = wait(&locstat)) >= 0)
627		if (xpid == pid)
628			break;
629	sigsetmask(omask);
630	return(!locstat);
631}
632
633static char *
634skip(char *cp)
635{
636
637	while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
638		cp++;
639	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
640		return (NULL);
641	return (cp);
642}
643
644static char *
645word(char *cp)
646{
647	char c;
648
649	while (*cp != '\0' && !isspace(*cp) && *cp != '#')
650		cp++;
651	if ((c = *cp) != '\0') {
652		*cp++ = '\0';
653		if (c != '#')
654			return (skip(cp));
655	}
656	return (NULL);
657}
658
659/*
660 * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
661 * in the same format as that put out by display(),
662 * and fill in lp.
663 */
664static int
665getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
666{
667	char *cp;
668	const char **cpp;
669	u_int part;
670	char *tp, line[BUFSIZ];
671	u_long v;
672	int lineno = 0, errors = 0;
673	int i;
674
675	makelabel("auto", lp);
676	bzero(&part_set, sizeof(part_set));
677	bzero(&part_size_type, sizeof(part_size_type));
678	bzero(&part_offset_type, sizeof(part_offset_type));
679	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
680	lp->d_sbsize = 0;				/* XXX */
681	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
682		lineno++;
683		if ((cp = index(line,'\n')) != 0)
684			*cp = '\0';
685		cp = skip(line);
686		if (cp == NULL)
687			continue;
688		tp = index(cp, ':');
689		if (tp == NULL) {
690			fprintf(stderr, "line %d: syntax error\n", lineno);
691			errors++;
692			continue;
693		}
694		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
695		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
696			if (tp == NULL)
697				tp = unknown;
698			cpp = dktypenames;
699			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
700				if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, tp)) {
701					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
702					break;
703				}
704			if (cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES])
705				continue;
706			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
707			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
708				fprintf(stderr, "line %d:%s %lu\n", lineno,
709				    "Warning, unknown disk type", v);
710			lp->d_type = v;
711			continue;
712		}
713		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
714			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
715				tp = word(cp);
716				if (!strcmp(cp, "removeable"))
717					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
718				else if (!strcmp(cp, "ecc"))
719					v |= D_ECC;
720				else if (!strcmp(cp, "badsect"))
721					v |= D_BADSECT;
722				else {
723					fprintf(stderr,
724					    "line %d: %s: bad flag\n",
725					    lineno, cp);
726					errors++;
727				}
728			}
729			lp->d_flags = v;
730			continue;
731		}
732		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
733			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
734				lp->d_drivedata[i++] = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
735				tp = word(cp);
736			}
737			continue;
738		}
739		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
740			if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
741				fprintf(stderr,
742				    "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
743				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
744				errors++;
745			} else
746				lp->d_npartitions = v;
747			continue;
748		}
749		if (tp == NULL)
750			tp = blank;
751		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
752			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof (lp->d_typename));
753			continue;
754		}
755		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
756			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof (lp->d_packname));
757			continue;
758		}
759		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
760			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
761			if (v == 0 || (v % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
762				fprintf(stderr,
763				    "line %d: %s: bad sector size\n",
764				    lineno, tp);
765				errors++;
766			} else
767				lp->d_secsize = v;
768			continue;
769		}
770		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
771			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
772#if (ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffffUL)
773			if (v == 0 || v > 0xffffffff) {
774#else
775			if (v == 0) {
776#endif
777				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
778				    lineno, tp, cp);
779				errors++;
780			} else
781				lp->d_nsectors = v;
782			continue;
783		}
784		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
785			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
786			if (v == 0) {
787				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
788				    lineno, tp, cp);
789				errors++;
790			} else
791				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
792			continue;
793		}
794		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
795			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
796			if (v == 0) {
797				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
798				    lineno, tp, cp);
799				errors++;
800			} else
801				lp->d_ntracks = v;
802			continue;
803		}
804		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
805			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
806			if (v == 0) {
807				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
808				    lineno, tp, cp);
809				errors++;
810			} else
811				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
812			continue;
813		}
814		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
815			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
816			if (v == 0) {
817				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
818				    lineno, tp, cp);
819				errors++;
820			} else
821				lp->d_secperunit = v;
822			continue;
823		}
824		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
825			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
826			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
827				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
828				    lineno, tp, cp);
829				errors++;
830			} else
831				lp->d_rpm = v;
832			continue;
833		}
834		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
835			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
836			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
837				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
838				    lineno, tp, cp);
839				errors++;
840			} else
841				lp->d_interleave = v;
842			continue;
843		}
844		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
845			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
846			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
847				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
848				    lineno, tp, cp);
849				errors++;
850			} else
851				lp->d_trackskew = v;
852			continue;
853		}
854		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
855			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
856			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
857				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
858				    lineno, tp, cp);
859				errors++;
860			} else
861				lp->d_cylskew = v;
862			continue;
863		}
864		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
865			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
866			lp->d_headswitch = v;
867			continue;
868		}
869		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
870			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
871			lp->d_trkseek = v;
872			continue;
873		}
874		/* the ':' was removed above */
875		if (*cp < 'a' || *cp > MAX_PART || cp[1] != '\0') {
876			fprintf(stderr,
877			    "line %d: %s: Unknown disklabel field\n", lineno,
878			    cp);
879			errors++;
880			continue;
881		}
882
883		/* Process a partition specification line. */
884		part = *cp - 'a';
885		if (part >= lp->d_npartitions) {
886			fprintf(stderr,
887			    "line %d: partition name out of range a-%c: %s\n",
888			    lineno, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions - 1, cp);
889			errors++;
890			continue;
891		}
892		part_set[part] = 1;
893
894		if (getasciipartspec(tp, lp, part, lineno) != 0) {
895			errors++;
896			break;
897		}
898	}
899	errors += checklabel(lp);
900	return (errors == 0);
901}
902
903#define NXTNUM(n) do { \
904	if (tp == NULL) { \
905		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
906		return (1); \
907	} else { \
908		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
909		(n) = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10); \
910	} \
911} while (0)
912
913/* retain 1 character following number */
914#define NXTWORD(w,n) do { \
915	if (tp == NULL) { \
916		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
917		return (1); \
918	} else { \
919	        char *tmp; \
920		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
921	        (n) = strtoul(cp, &tmp, 10); \
922		if (tmp) (w) = *tmp; \
923	} \
924} while (0)
925
926/*
927 * Read a partition line into partition `part' in the specified disklabel.
928 * Return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
929 */
930static int
931getasciipartspec(char *tp, struct disklabel *lp, int part, int lineno)
932{
933	struct partition *pp;
934	char *cp;
935	const char **cpp;
936	u_long v;
937
938	pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
939	cp = NULL;
940
941	v = 0;
942	NXTWORD(part_size_type[part],v);
943	if (v == 0 && part_size_type[part] != '*') {
944		fprintf(stderr,
945		    "line %d: %s: bad partition size\n", lineno, cp);
946		return (1);
947	}
948	pp->p_size = v;
949
950	v = 0;
951	NXTWORD(part_offset_type[part],v);
952	if (v == 0 && part_offset_type[part] != '*' &&
953	    part_offset_type[part] != '\0') {
954		fprintf(stderr,
955		    "line %d: %s: bad partition offset\n", lineno, cp);
956		return (1);
957	}
958	pp->p_offset = v;
959	if (tp == NULL) {
960		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: missing file system type\n", lineno);
961		return (1);
962	}
963	cp = tp, tp = word(cp);
964	for (cpp = fstypenames; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
965		if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, cp))
966			break;
967	if (*cpp != NULL) {
968		pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
969	} else {
970		if (isdigit(*cp))
971			v = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
972		else
973			v = FSMAXTYPES;
974		if (v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
975			fprintf(stderr,
976			    "line %d: Warning, unknown file system type %s\n",
977			    lineno, cp);
978			v = FS_UNUSED;
979		}
980		pp->p_fstype = v;
981	}
982
983	switch (pp->p_fstype) {
984	case FS_UNUSED:
985		/*
986		 * allow us to accept defaults for
987		 * fsize/frag/cpg
988		 */
989		if (tp) {
990			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
991			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
992				break;
993			NXTNUM(v);
994			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
995		}
996		/* else default to 0's */
997		break;
998
999	/* These happen to be the same */
1000	case FS_BSDFFS:
1001	case FS_BSDLFS:
1002		if (tp) {
1003			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1004			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1005				break;
1006			NXTNUM(v);
1007			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1008			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1009		} else {
1010			/*
1011			 * FIX! poor attempt at adaptive
1012			 */
1013			/* 1 GB */
1014			if (pp->p_size < 1024*1024*1024 / lp->d_secsize) {
1015				/*
1016				 * FIX! These are too low, but are traditional
1017				 */
1018				pp->p_fsize = DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
1019				pp->p_frag = DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK /
1020				    DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
1021				pp->p_cpg = DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG;
1022			} else {
1023				pp->p_fsize = BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
1024				pp->p_frag = BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK /
1025				    BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
1026				pp->p_cpg = BIG_NEWFS_CPG;
1027			}
1028		}
1029	default:
1030		break;
1031	}
1032	return (0);
1033}
1034
1035/*
1036 * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1037 * derived fields according to supplied values.
1038 */
1039static int
1040checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1041{
1042	struct partition *pp;
1043	int i, errors = 0;
1044	char part;
1045	u_long total_size, total_percent, current_offset;
1046	int seen_default_offset;
1047	int hog_part;
1048	int j;
1049	struct partition *pp2;
1050
1051	if (lp == NULL)
1052		lp = &lab;
1053
1054	if (allfields) {
1055
1056		if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1057			fprintf(stderr, "sector size 0\n");
1058			return (1);
1059		}
1060		if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1061			fprintf(stderr, "sectors/track 0\n");
1062			return (1);
1063		}
1064		if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1065			fprintf(stderr, "tracks/cylinder 0\n");
1066			return (1);
1067		}
1068		if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1069			fprintf(stderr, "cylinders/unit 0\n");
1070			errors++;
1071		}
1072		if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1073			warnx("revolutions/minute 0");
1074		if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1075			lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1076		if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1077			lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1078		if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1079			fprintf(stderr, "boot block size 0\n");
1080			errors++;
1081		} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1082			warnx("boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1083		if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1084			warnx("number of partitions (%lu) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1085			    (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1086	} else {
1087		struct disklabel *vl;
1088
1089		vl = getvirginlabel();
1090		lp->d_secsize = vl->d_secsize;
1091		lp->d_nsectors = vl->d_nsectors;
1092		lp->d_ntracks = vl->d_ntracks;
1093		lp->d_ncylinders = vl->d_ncylinders;
1094		lp->d_rpm = vl->d_rpm;
1095		lp->d_interleave = vl->d_interleave;
1096		lp->d_secpercyl = vl->d_secpercyl;
1097		lp->d_secperunit = vl->d_secperunit;
1098		lp->d_bbsize = vl->d_bbsize;
1099		lp->d_npartitions = vl->d_npartitions;
1100	}
1101
1102
1103	/* first allocate space to the partitions, then offsets */
1104	total_size = 0; /* in sectors */
1105	total_percent = 0; /* in percent */
1106	hog_part = -1;
1107	/* find all fixed partitions */
1108	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1109		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1110		if (part_set[i]) {
1111			if (part_size_type[i] == '*') {
1112				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1113					pp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1114				} else {
1115					if (hog_part != -1)
1116						warnx("Too many '*' partitions (%c and %c)",
1117						    hog_part + 'a',i + 'a');
1118					else
1119						hog_part = i;
1120				}
1121			} else {
1122				off_t size;
1123
1124				size = pp->p_size;
1125				switch (part_size_type[i]) {
1126				case '%':
1127					total_percent += size;
1128					break;
1129				case 'k':
1130				case 'K':
1131					size *= 1024ULL;
1132					break;
1133				case 'm':
1134				case 'M':
1135					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1136					break;
1137				case 'g':
1138				case 'G':
1139					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1140					break;
1141				case '\0':
1142					break;
1143				default:
1144					warnx("unknown size specifier '%c' (K/M/G are valid)",part_size_type[i]);
1145					break;
1146				}
1147				/* don't count %'s yet */
1148				if (part_size_type[i] != '%') {
1149					/*
1150					 * for all not in sectors, convert to
1151					 * sectors
1152					 */
1153					if (part_size_type[i] != '\0') {
1154						if (size % lp->d_secsize != 0)
1155							warnx("partition %c not an integer number of sectors",
1156							    i + 'a');
1157						size /= lp->d_secsize;
1158						pp->p_size = size;
1159					}
1160					/* else already in sectors */
1161					if (i != RAW_PART)
1162						total_size += size;
1163				}
1164			}
1165		}
1166	}
1167	/* handle % partitions - note %'s don't need to add up to 100! */
1168	if (total_percent != 0) {
1169		long free_space = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1170		if (total_percent > 100) {
1171			fprintf(stderr,"total percentage %lu is greater than 100\n",
1172			    total_percent);
1173			errors++;
1174		}
1175
1176		if (free_space > 0) {
1177			for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1178				pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1179				if (part_set[i] && part_size_type[i] == '%') {
1180					/* careful of overflows! and integer roundoff */
1181					pp->p_size = ((double)pp->p_size/100) * free_space;
1182					total_size += pp->p_size;
1183
1184					/* FIX we can lose a sector or so due to roundoff per
1185					   partition.  A more complex algorithm could avoid that */
1186				}
1187			}
1188		} else {
1189			fprintf(stderr,
1190			    "%ld sectors available to give to '*' and '%%' partitions\n",
1191			    free_space);
1192			errors++;
1193			/* fix?  set all % partitions to size 0? */
1194		}
1195	}
1196	/* give anything remaining to the hog partition */
1197	if (hog_part != -1) {
1198		lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1199		total_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1200	}
1201
1202	/* Now set the offsets for each partition */
1203	current_offset = 0; /* in sectors */
1204	seen_default_offset = 0;
1205	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1206		part = 'a' + i;
1207		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1208		if (part_set[i]) {
1209			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1210				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1211					pp->p_offset = 0;
1212				} else {
1213					pp->p_offset = current_offset;
1214					seen_default_offset = 1;
1215				}
1216			} else {
1217				/* allow them to be out of order for old-style tables */
1218				if (pp->p_offset < current_offset &&
1219				    seen_default_offset && i != RAW_PART &&
1220				    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM) {
1221					fprintf(stderr,
1222"Offset %ld for partition %c overlaps previous partition which ends at %lu\n",
1223					    (long)pp->p_offset,i+'a',current_offset);
1224					fprintf(stderr,
1225"Labels with any *'s for offset must be in ascending order by sector\n");
1226					errors++;
1227				} else if (pp->p_offset != current_offset &&
1228				    i != RAW_PART && seen_default_offset) {
1229					/*
1230					 * this may give unneeded warnings if
1231					 * partitions are out-of-order
1232					 */
1233					warnx(
1234"Offset %ld for partition %c doesn't match expected value %ld",
1235					    (long)pp->p_offset, i + 'a', current_offset);
1236				}
1237			}
1238			if (i != RAW_PART)
1239				current_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1240		}
1241	}
1242
1243	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1244		part = 'a' + i;
1245		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1246		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1247			warnx("partition %c: size 0, but offset %lu",
1248			    part, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1249#ifdef notdef
1250		if (pp->p_size % lp->d_secpercyl)
1251			warnx("partition %c: size %% cylinder-size != 0",
1252			    part);
1253		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl)
1254			warnx("partition %c: offset %% cylinder-size != 0",
1255			    part);
1256#endif
1257		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1258			fprintf(stderr,
1259			    "partition %c: offset past end of unit\n", part);
1260			errors++;
1261		}
1262		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1263			fprintf(stderr,
1264			"partition %c: partition extends past end of unit\n",
1265			    part);
1266			errors++;
1267		}
1268		if (i == RAW_PART) {
1269			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1270				warnx("partition %c is not marked as unused!",part);
1271			if (pp->p_offset != 0)
1272				warnx("partition %c doesn't start at 0!",part);
1273			if (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)
1274				warnx("partition %c doesn't cover the whole unit!",part);
1275
1276			if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) || (pp->p_offset != 0) ||
1277			    (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)) {
1278				warnx("An incorrect partition %c may cause problems for "
1279				    "standard system utilities",part);
1280			}
1281		}
1282
1283		/* check for overlaps */
1284		/* this will check for all possible overlaps once and only once */
1285		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1286			pp2 = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1287			if (j != RAW_PART && i != RAW_PART &&
1288			    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1289			    pp2->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1290			    part_set[i] && part_set[j]) {
1291				if (pp2->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size &&
1292				    (pp2->p_offset + pp2->p_size > pp->p_offset ||
1293					pp2->p_offset >= pp->p_offset)) {
1294					fprintf(stderr,"partitions %c and %c overlap!\n",
1295					    j + 'a', i + 'a');
1296					errors++;
1297				}
1298			}
1299		}
1300	}
1301	for (; i < MAXPARTITIONS; i++) {
1302		part = 'a' + i;
1303		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1304		if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset)
1305			warnx("unused partition %c: size %d offset %lu",
1306			    'a' + i, pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1307	}
1308	return (errors);
1309}
1310
1311/*
1312 * When operating on a "virgin" disk, try getting an initial label
1313 * from the associated device driver.  This might work for all device
1314 * drivers that are able to fetch some initial device parameters
1315 * without even having access to a (BSD) disklabel, like SCSI disks,
1316 * most IDE drives, or vn devices.
1317 *
1318 * The device name must be given in its "canonical" form.
1319 */
1320static struct disklabel *
1321getvirginlabel(void)
1322{
1323	static struct disklabel loclab;
1324	struct partition *dp;
1325	int f;
1326	u_int u;
1327
1328	if ((f = open(specname, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
1329		warn("cannot open %s", specname);
1330		return (NULL);
1331	}
1332
1333	/* New world order */
1334	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
1335	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
1336		close (f);
1337		return (NULL);
1338	}
1339	memset(&loclab, 0, sizeof loclab);
1340	loclab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
1341	loclab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
1342	loclab.d_secsize = secsize;
1343	loclab.d_secperunit = mediasize / secsize;
1344
1345	/*
1346	 * Nobody in these enligthened days uses the CHS geometry for
1347	 * anything, but nontheless try to get it right.  If we fail
1348	 * to get any good ideas from the device, construct something
1349	 * which is IBM-PC friendly.
1350	 */
1351	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u) == 0)
1352		loclab.d_nsectors = u;
1353	else
1354		loclab.d_nsectors = 63;
1355	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u) == 0)
1356		loclab.d_ntracks = u;
1357	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
1358		loclab.d_ntracks = 1;
1359	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
1360		loclab.d_ntracks = 16;
1361	else
1362		loclab.d_ntracks = 255;
1363	loclab.d_secpercyl = loclab.d_ntracks * loclab.d_nsectors;
1364	loclab.d_ncylinders = loclab.d_secperunit / loclab.d_secpercyl;
1365	loclab.d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
1366
1367	/* Various (unneeded) compat stuff */
1368	loclab.d_rpm = 3600;
1369	loclab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
1370	loclab.d_interleave = 1;
1371	strncpy(loclab.d_typename, "amnesiac",
1372	    sizeof(loclab.d_typename));
1373
1374	dp = &loclab.d_partitions[RAW_PART];
1375	dp->p_size = loclab.d_secperunit;
1376	loclab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&loclab);
1377	close (f);
1378	return (&loclab);
1379}
1380
1381static void
1382usage(void)
1383{
1384
1385	fprintf(stderr,
1386	"%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1387	"usage: bsdlabel disk",
1388	"\t\t(to read label)",
1389	"	bsdlabel -w [-n] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1390	"\t\t(to write label with existing boot program)",
1391	"	bsdlabel -e [-n] [-m machine] disk",
1392	"\t\t(to edit label)",
1393	"	bsdlabel -R [-n] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1394	"\t\t(to restore label with existing boot program)",
1395	"	bsdlabel -B [-b boot] [-m machine] disk",
1396	"\t\t(to install boot program with existing on-disk label)",
1397	"	bsdlabel -w -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1398	"\t\t(to write label and install boot program)",
1399	"	bsdlabel -R -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1400		"\t\t(to restore label and install boot program)"
1401	);
1402	exit(1);
1403}
1404