bsdlabel.c revision 114571 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Gordon W. Ross
3 * Copyright (c) 1994 Theo de Raadt
4 * All rights reserved.
5 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
6 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7 *
8 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9 * Symmetric Computer Systems.
10 *
11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * are met:
14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23 *      This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt.
24 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26 *    without specific prior written permission.
27 *
28 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38 * SUCH DAMAGE.
39 *
40 *	from: $NetBSD: disksubr.c,v 1.13 2000/12/17 22:39:18 pk $
41 */
42
43#ifndef lint
44static const char copyright[] =
45"@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\n\
46	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
47#endif /* not lint */
48
49#ifndef lint
50#if 0
51static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/7/94";
52/* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
53#endif
54#endif /* not lint */
55
56#include <sys/cdefs.h>
57__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.c 114571 2003-05-03 09:02:27Z phk $");
58
59#include <sys/param.h>
60#include <stdint.h>
61#include <sys/file.h>
62#include <sys/stat.h>
63#include <sys/wait.h>
64#include <sys/disk.h>
65#define DKTYPENAMES
66#define FSTYPENAMES
67#include <sys/disklabel.h>
68
69#include <unistd.h>
70#include <string.h>
71#include <stdio.h>
72#include <libgeom.h>
73#include <stdlib.h>
74#include <signal.h>
75#include <stdarg.h>
76#include <ctype.h>
77#include <err.h>
78#include <errno.h>
79
80#include "pathnames.h"
81
82/* FIX!  These are too low, but are traditional */
83#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK  8192U
84#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG   1024U
85#define DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG    16U
86
87#define BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK  16384U
88#define BIG_NEWFS_FRAG   2048U
89#define BIG_NEWFS_CPG    64U
90
91static void	makelabel(const char *, struct disklabel *);
92static int	writelabel(void);
93static int readlabel(int flag);
94static void	display(FILE *, const struct disklabel *);
95static int edit(void);
96static int	editit(void);
97static char	*skip(char *);
98static char	*word(char *);
99static int	getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
100static int	getasciipartspec(char *, struct disklabel *, int, int);
101static int	checklabel(struct disklabel *);
102static void	Warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
103static void	usage(void);
104static struct disklabel *getvirginlabel(void);
105
106#define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
107
108static char	*dkname;
109static char	*specname;
110static char	tmpfil[] = PATH_TMPFILE;
111
112static struct	disklabel lab;
113static u_char	bootarea[BBSIZE];
114static char	blank[] = "";
115static char	unknown[] = "unknown";
116
117#define MAX_PART ('z')
118#define MAX_NUM_PARTS (1 + MAX_PART - 'a')
119static char    part_size_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
120static char    part_offset_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
121static int     part_set[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
122
123static int	installboot;	/* non-zero if we should install a boot program */
124static char const *xxboot;	/* primary boot */
125
126static int labeloffset = LABELOFFSET + LABELSECTOR * DEV_BSIZE;
127static int bbsize = BBSIZE;
128static int alphacksum =
129#if defined(__alpha__)
130	1;
131#else
132	0;
133#endif
134
135enum	{
136	UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, WRITE, WRITEBOOT
137} op = UNSPEC;
138
139
140static int	disable_write;   /* set to disable writing to disk label */
141
142int
143main(int argc, char *argv[])
144{
145	FILE *t;
146	int ch, error = 0;
147	char const *name = 0;
148
149	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Bb:em:nRrs:w")) != -1)
150		switch (ch) {
151			case 'B':
152				++installboot;
153				break;
154			case 'b':
155				xxboot = optarg;
156				break;
157			case 'm':
158				if (!strcmp(optarg, "i386")) {
159					labeloffset = 512;
160					bbsize = 8192;
161					alphacksum = 0;
162				} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "alpha")) {
163					labeloffset = 64;
164					bbsize = 8192;
165					alphacksum = 1;
166				} else {
167					errx(1, "Unsupported architecture");
168				}
169				break;
170			case 'n':
171				disable_write = 1;
172				break;
173			case 'R':
174				if (op != UNSPEC)
175					usage();
176				op = RESTORE;
177				break;
178			case 'e':
179				if (op != UNSPEC)
180					usage();
181				op = EDIT;
182				break;
183			case 'r':
184				/*
185				 * We accept and ignode -r for compatibility with
186				 * historically disklabel usage.
187				 */
188				break;
189			case 'w':
190				if (op != UNSPEC)
191					usage();
192				op = WRITE;
193				break;
194			case '?':
195			default:
196				usage();
197		}
198	argc -= optind;
199	argv += optind;
200
201	if (argc < 1)
202		usage();
203
204	/* Figure out the names of the thing we're working on */
205	if (argv[0][0] != '/') {
206		dkname = argv[0];
207		asprintf(&specname, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
208	} else {
209		dkname = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
210		dkname++;
211		specname = argv[0];
212	}
213
214	if (installboot && op == UNSPEC)
215		op = WRITEBOOT;
216	else if (op == UNSPEC)
217		op = READ;
218
219	switch(op) {
220
221	case UNSPEC:
222		break;
223
224	case EDIT:
225		if (argc != 1)
226			usage();
227		readlabel(1);
228		error = edit();
229		break;
230
231	case READ:
232		if (argc != 1)
233			usage();
234		readlabel(1);
235		display(stdout, NULL);
236		error = checklabel(NULL);
237		break;
238
239	case RESTORE:
240		if (argc != 2)
241			usage();
242		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
243			err(4, "fopen %s", argv[1]);
244		readlabel(0);
245		if (!getasciilabel(t, &lab))
246			exit(1);
247		error = writelabel();
248		break;
249
250	case WRITE:
251		if (argc == 2)
252			name = argv[1];
253		else if (argc == 1)
254			name = "auto";
255		else
256			usage();
257		readlabel(0);
258		makelabel(name, &lab);
259		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
260			error = writelabel();
261		break;
262
263	case WRITEBOOT:
264
265		readlabel(1);
266		if (argc == 2)
267			makelabel(argv[1], &lab);
268		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
269			error = writelabel();
270		break;
271	}
272	exit(error);
273}
274
275/*
276 * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
277 */
278static void
279makelabel(const char *type, struct disklabel *lp)
280{
281	struct disklabel *dp;
282
283	if (strcmp(type, "auto") == 0)
284		dp = getvirginlabel();
285	else
286		dp = getdiskbyname(type);
287	if (dp == NULL)
288		errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", type);
289	*lp = *dp;
290	bzero(lp->d_packname, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
291}
292
293static void
294readboot(void)
295{
296	int fd, i;
297	struct stat st;
298
299	if (xxboot == NULL)
300		xxboot = "/boot/boot";
301	fd = open(xxboot, O_RDONLY);
302	if (fd < 0)
303		err(1, "cannot open %s", xxboot);
304	fstat(fd, &st);
305	if (st.st_size == BBSIZE) {
306		i = read(fd, bootarea, BBSIZE);
307		if (i != BBSIZE)
308			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
309		return;
310	}
311	if (alphacksum && st.st_size == BBSIZE - 512) {
312		i = read(fd, bootarea + 512, BBSIZE - 512);
313		if (i != BBSIZE - 512)
314			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
315		return;
316	}
317	errx(1, "boot code %s is wrong size", xxboot);
318}
319
320static int
321writelabel(void)
322{
323	uint64_t *p, sum;
324	int i, fd;
325	struct gctl_req *grq;
326	char const *errstr;
327	struct disklabel *lp = &lab;
328
329	if (disable_write) {
330		Warning("write to disk label supressed - label was as follows:");
331		display(stdout, NULL);
332		return (0);
333	}
334
335	lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
336	lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
337	lp->d_checksum = 0;
338	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
339	if (installboot)
340		readboot();
341	bsd_disklabel_le_enc(bootarea + labeloffset, lp);
342	if (alphacksum) {
343		/* Generate the bootblock checksum for the SRM console.  */
344		for (p = (uint64_t *)bootarea, i = 0, sum = 0; i < 63; i++)
345			sum += p[i];
346		p[63] = sum;
347	}
348
349	fd = open(specname, O_RDWR);
350	if (fd < 0) {
351		grq = gctl_get_handle(GCTL_CONFIG_GEOM);
352		gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
353		gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
354		gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write label");
355		gctl_ro_param(grq, "label", 148+16*8, bootarea + labeloffset);
356		errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
357		if (errstr != NULL) {
358			warnx("%s", errstr);
359			gctl_free(grq);
360			return(1);
361		}
362		gctl_free(grq);
363		if (installboot) {
364			grq = gctl_get_handle(GCTL_CONFIG_GEOM);
365			gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
366			gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, dkname);
367			gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write bootcode");
368			gctl_ro_param(grq, "bootcode", BBSIZE, bootarea);
369			errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
370			if (errstr != NULL) {
371				warnx("%s", errstr);
372				gctl_free(grq);
373				return (1);
374			}
375			gctl_free(grq);
376		}
377	} else {
378		if (write(fd, bootarea, bbsize) != bbsize) {
379			warn("write %s", specname);
380			close (fd);
381			return (1);
382		}
383		close (fd);
384	}
385	return (0);
386}
387
388/*
389 * Fetch disklabel for disk.
390 * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
391 */
392static int
393readlabel(int flag)
394{
395	int f;
396	int error;
397
398	f = open(specname, O_RDONLY);
399	if (f < 0)
400		err(1, specname);
401	(void)lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
402	if (read(f, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
403		err(4, "%s read", specname);
404	close (f);
405	error = bsd_disklabel_le_dec(bootarea + labeloffset, &lab, MAXPARTITIONS);
406	if (flag && error)
407		errx(1, "%s: no valid label found", specname);
408	return (error);
409}
410
411
412static void
413display(FILE *f, const struct disklabel *lp)
414{
415	int i, j;
416	const struct partition *pp;
417
418	if (lp == NULL)
419		lp = &lab;
420
421	fprintf(f, "# %s:\n", specname);
422	if (lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
423		fprintf(f, "type: %s\n", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
424	else
425		fprintf(f, "type: %u\n", lp->d_type);
426	fprintf(f, "disk: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_typename),
427		lp->d_typename);
428	fprintf(f, "label: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_packname),
429		lp->d_packname);
430	fprintf(f, "flags:");
431	if (lp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
432		fprintf(f, " removeable");
433	if (lp->d_flags & D_ECC)
434		fprintf(f, " ecc");
435	if (lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
436		fprintf(f, " badsect");
437	fprintf(f, "\n");
438	fprintf(f, "bytes/sector: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secsize);
439	fprintf(f, "sectors/track: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_nsectors);
440	fprintf(f, "tracks/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ntracks);
441	fprintf(f, "sectors/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secpercyl);
442	fprintf(f, "cylinders: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ncylinders);
443	fprintf(f, "sectors/unit: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secperunit);
444	fprintf(f, "rpm: %u\n", lp->d_rpm);
445	fprintf(f, "interleave: %u\n", lp->d_interleave);
446	fprintf(f, "trackskew: %u\n", lp->d_trackskew);
447	fprintf(f, "cylinderskew: %u\n", lp->d_cylskew);
448	fprintf(f, "headswitch: %lu\t\t# milliseconds\n",
449	    (u_long)lp->d_headswitch);
450	fprintf(f, "track-to-track seek: %ld\t# milliseconds\n",
451	    (u_long)lp->d_trkseek);
452	fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
453	for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
454		if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
455			break;
456	if (i < 0)
457		i = 0;
458	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
459		fprintf(f, "%lu ", (u_long)lp->d_drivedata[j]);
460	fprintf(f, "\n\n%u partitions:\n", lp->d_npartitions);
461	fprintf(f,
462	    "#        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n");
463	pp = lp->d_partitions;
464	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
465		if (pp->p_size) {
466			fprintf(f, "  %c: %8lu %8lu  ", 'a' + i,
467			   (u_long)pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
468			if (pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
469				fprintf(f, "%8.8s", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
470			else
471				fprintf(f, "%8d", pp->p_fstype);
472			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
473
474			case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
475				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5.5s ",
476				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
477				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag), "");
478				break;
479
480			case FS_BSDFFS:
481				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5u ",
482				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
483				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
484				    pp->p_cpg);
485				break;
486
487			case FS_BSDLFS:
488				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5d",
489				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
490				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
491				    pp->p_cpg);
492				break;
493
494			default:
495				fprintf(f, "%20.20s", "");
496				break;
497			}
498			fprintf(f, "\n");
499		}
500	}
501	fflush(f);
502}
503
504static int
505edit(void)
506{
507	int c, fd;
508	struct disklabel label;
509	FILE *fp;
510
511	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 ||
512	    (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
513		warnx("can't create %s", tmpfil);
514		return (1);
515	}
516	display(fp, NULL);
517	fclose(fp);
518	for (;;) {
519		if (!editit())
520			break;
521		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
522		if (fp == NULL) {
523			warnx("can't reopen %s for reading", tmpfil);
524			break;
525		}
526		bzero((char *)&label, sizeof(label));
527		c = getasciilabel(fp, &label);
528		fclose(fp);
529		if (c) {
530			lab = label;
531			if (writelabel() == 0) {
532				(void) unlink(tmpfil);
533				return (0);
534			}
535		}
536		printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
537		fflush(stdout);
538		c = getchar();
539		if (c != EOF && c != (int)'\n')
540			while (getchar() != (int)'\n')
541				;
542		if  (c == (int)'n')
543			break;
544	}
545	(void) unlink(tmpfil);
546	return (1);
547}
548
549static int
550editit(void)
551{
552	int pid, xpid;
553	int locstat, omask;
554	const char *ed;
555
556	omask = sigblock(sigmask(SIGINT)|sigmask(SIGQUIT)|sigmask(SIGHUP));
557	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
558		if (errno == EPROCLIM) {
559			warnx("you have too many processes");
560			return(0);
561		}
562		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
563			warn("fork");
564			return(0);
565		}
566		sleep(1);
567	}
568	if (pid == 0) {
569		sigsetmask(omask);
570		setgid(getgid());
571		setuid(getuid());
572		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
573			ed = DEFEDITOR;
574		execlp(ed, ed, tmpfil, (char *)0);
575		err(1, "%s", ed);
576	}
577	while ((xpid = wait(&locstat)) >= 0)
578		if (xpid == pid)
579			break;
580	sigsetmask(omask);
581	return(!locstat);
582}
583
584static char *
585skip(char *cp)
586{
587
588	while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
589		cp++;
590	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
591		return (NULL);
592	return (cp);
593}
594
595static char *
596word(char *cp)
597{
598	char c;
599
600	while (*cp != '\0' && !isspace(*cp) && *cp != '#')
601		cp++;
602	if ((c = *cp) != '\0') {
603		*cp++ = '\0';
604		if (c != '#')
605			return (skip(cp));
606	}
607	return (NULL);
608}
609
610/*
611 * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
612 * in the same format as that put out by display(),
613 * and fill in lp.
614 */
615static int
616getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
617{
618	char *cp;
619	const char **cpp;
620	u_int part;
621	char *tp, line[BUFSIZ];
622	u_long v;
623	int lineno = 0, errors = 0;
624	int i;
625
626	bzero(&part_set, sizeof(part_set));
627	bzero(&part_size_type, sizeof(part_size_type));
628	bzero(&part_offset_type, sizeof(part_offset_type));
629	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
630	lp->d_sbsize = 0;				/* XXX */
631	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
632		lineno++;
633		if ((cp = index(line,'\n')) != 0)
634			*cp = '\0';
635		cp = skip(line);
636		if (cp == NULL)
637			continue;
638		tp = index(cp, ':');
639		if (tp == NULL) {
640			fprintf(stderr, "line %d: syntax error\n", lineno);
641			errors++;
642			continue;
643		}
644		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
645		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
646			if (tp == NULL)
647				tp = unknown;
648			cpp = dktypenames;
649			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
650				if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, tp)) {
651					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
652					break;
653				}
654			if (cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES])
655				continue;
656			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
657			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
658				fprintf(stderr, "line %d:%s %lu\n", lineno,
659				    "Warning, unknown disk type", v);
660			lp->d_type = v;
661			continue;
662		}
663		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
664			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
665				tp = word(cp);
666				if (!strcmp(cp, "removeable"))
667					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
668				else if (!strcmp(cp, "ecc"))
669					v |= D_ECC;
670				else if (!strcmp(cp, "badsect"))
671					v |= D_BADSECT;
672				else {
673					fprintf(stderr,
674					    "line %d: %s: bad flag\n",
675					    lineno, cp);
676					errors++;
677				}
678			}
679			lp->d_flags = v;
680			continue;
681		}
682		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
683			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
684				lp->d_drivedata[i++] = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
685				tp = word(cp);
686			}
687			continue;
688		}
689		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
690			if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
691				fprintf(stderr,
692				    "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
693				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
694				errors++;
695			} else
696				lp->d_npartitions = v;
697			continue;
698		}
699		if (tp == NULL)
700			tp = blank;
701		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
702			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof (lp->d_typename));
703			continue;
704		}
705		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
706			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof (lp->d_packname));
707			continue;
708		}
709		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
710			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
711			if (v == 0 || (v % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
712				fprintf(stderr,
713				    "line %d: %s: bad sector size\n",
714				    lineno, tp);
715				errors++;
716			} else
717				lp->d_secsize = v;
718			continue;
719		}
720		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
721			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
722#if (ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffffUL)
723			if (v == 0 || v > 0xffffffff) {
724#else
725			if (v == 0) {
726#endif
727				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
728				    lineno, tp, cp);
729				errors++;
730			} else
731				lp->d_nsectors = v;
732			continue;
733		}
734		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
735			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
736			if (v == 0) {
737				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
738				    lineno, tp, cp);
739				errors++;
740			} else
741				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
742			continue;
743		}
744		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
745			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
746			if (v == 0) {
747				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
748				    lineno, tp, cp);
749				errors++;
750			} else
751				lp->d_ntracks = v;
752			continue;
753		}
754		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
755			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
756			if (v == 0) {
757				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
758				    lineno, tp, cp);
759				errors++;
760			} else
761				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
762			continue;
763		}
764		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
765			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
766			if (v == 0) {
767				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
768				    lineno, tp, cp);
769				errors++;
770			} else
771				lp->d_secperunit = v;
772			continue;
773		}
774		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
775			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
776			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
777				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
778				    lineno, tp, cp);
779				errors++;
780			} else
781				lp->d_rpm = v;
782			continue;
783		}
784		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
785			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
786			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
787				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
788				    lineno, tp, cp);
789				errors++;
790			} else
791				lp->d_interleave = v;
792			continue;
793		}
794		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
795			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
796			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
797				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
798				    lineno, tp, cp);
799				errors++;
800			} else
801				lp->d_trackskew = v;
802			continue;
803		}
804		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
805			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
806			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
807				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
808				    lineno, tp, cp);
809				errors++;
810			} else
811				lp->d_cylskew = v;
812			continue;
813		}
814		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
815			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
816			lp->d_headswitch = v;
817			continue;
818		}
819		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
820			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
821			lp->d_trkseek = v;
822			continue;
823		}
824		/* the ':' was removed above */
825		if (*cp < 'a' || *cp > MAX_PART || cp[1] != '\0') {
826			fprintf(stderr,
827			    "line %d: %s: Unknown disklabel field\n", lineno,
828			    cp);
829			errors++;
830			continue;
831		}
832
833		/* Process a partition specification line. */
834		part = *cp - 'a';
835		if (part >= lp->d_npartitions) {
836			fprintf(stderr,
837			    "line %d: partition name out of range a-%c: %s\n",
838			    lineno, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions - 1, cp);
839			errors++;
840			continue;
841		}
842		part_set[part] = 1;
843
844		if (getasciipartspec(tp, lp, part, lineno) != 0) {
845			errors++;
846			break;
847		}
848	}
849	errors += checklabel(lp);
850	return (errors == 0);
851}
852
853#define NXTNUM(n) do { \
854	if (tp == NULL) { \
855		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
856		return (1); \
857	} else { \
858		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
859		(n) = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10); \
860	} \
861} while (0)
862
863/* retain 1 character following number */
864#define NXTWORD(w,n) do { \
865	if (tp == NULL) { \
866		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
867		return (1); \
868	} else { \
869	        char *tmp; \
870		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
871	        (n) = strtoul(cp, &tmp, 10); \
872		if (tmp) (w) = *tmp; \
873	} \
874} while (0)
875
876/*
877 * Read a partition line into partition `part' in the specified disklabel.
878 * Return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
879 */
880static int
881getasciipartspec(char *tp, struct disklabel *lp, int part, int lineno)
882{
883	struct partition *pp;
884	char *cp;
885	const char **cpp;
886	u_long v;
887
888	pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
889	cp = NULL;
890
891	v = 0;
892	NXTWORD(part_size_type[part],v);
893	if (v == 0 && part_size_type[part] != '*') {
894		fprintf(stderr,
895		    "line %d: %s: bad partition size\n", lineno, cp);
896		return (1);
897	}
898	pp->p_size = v;
899
900	v = 0;
901	NXTWORD(part_offset_type[part],v);
902	if (v == 0 && part_offset_type[part] != '*' &&
903	    part_offset_type[part] != '\0') {
904		fprintf(stderr,
905		    "line %d: %s: bad partition offset\n", lineno, cp);
906		return (1);
907	}
908	pp->p_offset = v;
909	if (tp == NULL) {
910		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: missing file system type\n", lineno);
911		return (1);
912	}
913	cp = tp, tp = word(cp);
914	for (cpp = fstypenames; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
915		if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, cp))
916			break;
917	if (*cpp != NULL) {
918		pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
919	} else {
920		if (isdigit(*cp))
921			v = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
922		else
923			v = FSMAXTYPES;
924		if (v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
925			fprintf(stderr,
926			    "line %d: Warning, unknown file system type %s\n",
927			    lineno, cp);
928			v = FS_UNUSED;
929		}
930		pp->p_fstype = v;
931	}
932
933	switch (pp->p_fstype) {
934	case FS_UNUSED:
935		/*
936		 * allow us to accept defaults for
937		 * fsize/frag/cpg
938		 */
939		if (tp) {
940			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
941			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
942				break;
943			NXTNUM(v);
944			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
945		}
946		/* else default to 0's */
947		break;
948
949	/* These happen to be the same */
950	case FS_BSDFFS:
951	case FS_BSDLFS:
952		if (tp) {
953			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
954			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
955				break;
956			NXTNUM(v);
957			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
958			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
959		} else {
960			/*
961			 * FIX! poor attempt at adaptive
962			 */
963			/* 1 GB */
964			if (pp->p_size < 1024*1024*1024 / lp->d_secsize) {
965				/*
966				 * FIX! These are too low, but are traditional
967				 */
968				pp->p_fsize = DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
969				pp->p_frag = DEFAULT_NEWFS_BLOCK /
970				    DEFAULT_NEWFS_FRAG;
971				pp->p_cpg = DEFAULT_NEWFS_CPG;
972			} else {
973				pp->p_fsize = BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
974				pp->p_frag = BIG_NEWFS_BLOCK /
975				    BIG_NEWFS_FRAG;
976				pp->p_cpg = BIG_NEWFS_CPG;
977			}
978		}
979	default:
980		break;
981	}
982	return (0);
983}
984
985/*
986 * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
987 * derived fields according to supplied values.
988 */
989static int
990checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
991{
992	struct partition *pp;
993	int i, errors = 0;
994	char part;
995	u_long total_size, total_percent, current_offset;
996	int seen_default_offset;
997	int hog_part;
998	int j;
999	struct partition *pp2;
1000
1001	if (lp == NULL)
1002		lp = &lab;
1003
1004	if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1005		fprintf(stderr, "sector size 0\n");
1006		return (1);
1007	}
1008	if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1009		fprintf(stderr, "sectors/track 0\n");
1010		return (1);
1011	}
1012	if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1013		fprintf(stderr, "tracks/cylinder 0\n");
1014		return (1);
1015	}
1016	if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1017		fprintf(stderr, "cylinders/unit 0\n");
1018		errors++;
1019	}
1020	if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1021		Warning("revolutions/minute 0");
1022	if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1023		lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1024	if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1025		lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1026	if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1027		fprintf(stderr, "boot block size 0\n");
1028		errors++;
1029	} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1030		Warning("boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1031	if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1032		Warning("number of partitions (%lu) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1033		    (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1034
1035	/* first allocate space to the partitions, then offsets */
1036	total_size = 0; /* in sectors */
1037	total_percent = 0; /* in percent */
1038	hog_part = -1;
1039	/* find all fixed partitions */
1040	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1041		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1042		if (part_set[i]) {
1043			if (part_size_type[i] == '*') {
1044				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1045					pp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1046				} else {
1047					if (hog_part != -1)
1048						Warning("Too many '*' partitions (%c and %c)",
1049						    hog_part + 'a',i + 'a');
1050					else
1051						hog_part = i;
1052				}
1053			} else {
1054				off_t size;
1055
1056				size = pp->p_size;
1057				switch (part_size_type[i]) {
1058				case '%':
1059					total_percent += size;
1060					break;
1061				case 'k':
1062				case 'K':
1063					size *= 1024ULL;
1064					break;
1065				case 'm':
1066				case 'M':
1067					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1068					break;
1069				case 'g':
1070				case 'G':
1071					size *= 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
1072					break;
1073				case '\0':
1074					break;
1075				default:
1076					Warning("unknown size specifier '%c' (K/M/G are valid)",part_size_type[i]);
1077					break;
1078				}
1079				/* don't count %'s yet */
1080				if (part_size_type[i] != '%') {
1081					/*
1082					 * for all not in sectors, convert to
1083					 * sectors
1084					 */
1085					if (part_size_type[i] != '\0') {
1086						if (size % lp->d_secsize != 0)
1087							Warning("partition %c not an integer number of sectors",
1088							    i + 'a');
1089						size /= lp->d_secsize;
1090						pp->p_size = size;
1091					}
1092					/* else already in sectors */
1093					if (i != RAW_PART)
1094						total_size += size;
1095				}
1096			}
1097		}
1098	}
1099	/* handle % partitions - note %'s don't need to add up to 100! */
1100	if (total_percent != 0) {
1101		long free_space = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1102		if (total_percent > 100) {
1103			fprintf(stderr,"total percentage %lu is greater than 100\n",
1104			    total_percent);
1105			errors++;
1106		}
1107
1108		if (free_space > 0) {
1109			for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1110				pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1111				if (part_set[i] && part_size_type[i] == '%') {
1112					/* careful of overflows! and integer roundoff */
1113					pp->p_size = ((double)pp->p_size/100) * free_space;
1114					total_size += pp->p_size;
1115
1116					/* FIX we can lose a sector or so due to roundoff per
1117					   partition.  A more complex algorithm could avoid that */
1118				}
1119			}
1120		} else {
1121			fprintf(stderr,
1122			    "%ld sectors available to give to '*' and '%%' partitions\n",
1123			    free_space);
1124			errors++;
1125			/* fix?  set all % partitions to size 0? */
1126		}
1127	}
1128	/* give anything remaining to the hog partition */
1129	if (hog_part != -1) {
1130		lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = lp->d_secperunit - total_size;
1131		total_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1132	}
1133
1134	/* Now set the offsets for each partition */
1135	current_offset = 0; /* in sectors */
1136	seen_default_offset = 0;
1137	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1138		part = 'a' + i;
1139		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1140		if (part_set[i]) {
1141			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1142				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1143					pp->p_offset = 0;
1144				} else {
1145					pp->p_offset = current_offset;
1146					seen_default_offset = 1;
1147				}
1148			} else {
1149				/* allow them to be out of order for old-style tables */
1150				if (pp->p_offset < current_offset &&
1151				    seen_default_offset && i != RAW_PART &&
1152				    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM) {
1153					fprintf(stderr,
1154"Offset %ld for partition %c overlaps previous partition which ends at %lu\n",
1155					    (long)pp->p_offset,i+'a',current_offset);
1156					fprintf(stderr,
1157"Labels with any *'s for offset must be in ascending order by sector\n");
1158					errors++;
1159				} else if (pp->p_offset != current_offset &&
1160				    i != RAW_PART && seen_default_offset) {
1161					/*
1162					 * this may give unneeded warnings if
1163					 * partitions are out-of-order
1164					 */
1165					Warning(
1166"Offset %ld for partition %c doesn't match expected value %ld",
1167					    (long)pp->p_offset, i + 'a', current_offset);
1168				}
1169			}
1170			if (i != RAW_PART)
1171				current_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1172		}
1173	}
1174
1175	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1176		part = 'a' + i;
1177		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1178		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1179			Warning("partition %c: size 0, but offset %lu",
1180			    part, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1181#ifdef notdef
1182		if (pp->p_size % lp->d_secpercyl)
1183			Warning("partition %c: size %% cylinder-size != 0",
1184			    part);
1185		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl)
1186			Warning("partition %c: offset %% cylinder-size != 0",
1187			    part);
1188#endif
1189		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1190			fprintf(stderr,
1191			    "partition %c: offset past end of unit\n", part);
1192			errors++;
1193		}
1194		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1195			fprintf(stderr,
1196			"partition %c: partition extends past end of unit\n",
1197			    part);
1198			errors++;
1199		}
1200		if (i == RAW_PART)
1201		{
1202			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1203				Warning("partition %c is not marked as unused!",part);
1204			if (pp->p_offset != 0)
1205				Warning("partition %c doesn't start at 0!",part);
1206			if (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)
1207				Warning("partition %c doesn't cover the whole unit!",part);
1208
1209			if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) || (pp->p_offset != 0) ||
1210			    (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)) {
1211				Warning("An incorrect partition %c may cause problems for "
1212				    "standard system utilities",part);
1213			}
1214		}
1215
1216		/* check for overlaps */
1217		/* this will check for all possible overlaps once and only once */
1218		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1219			pp2 = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1220			if (j != RAW_PART && i != RAW_PART &&
1221			    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1222			    pp2->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1223			    part_set[i] && part_set[j]) {
1224				if (pp2->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size &&
1225				    (pp2->p_offset + pp2->p_size > pp->p_offset ||
1226					pp2->p_offset >= pp->p_offset)) {
1227					fprintf(stderr,"partitions %c and %c overlap!\n",
1228					    j + 'a', i + 'a');
1229					errors++;
1230				}
1231			}
1232		}
1233	}
1234	for (; i < MAXPARTITIONS; i++) {
1235		part = 'a' + i;
1236		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1237		if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset)
1238			Warning("unused partition %c: size %d offset %lu",
1239			    'a' + i, pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1240	}
1241	return (errors);
1242}
1243
1244/*
1245 * When operating on a "virgin" disk, try getting an initial label
1246 * from the associated device driver.  This might work for all device
1247 * drivers that are able to fetch some initial device parameters
1248 * without even having access to a (BSD) disklabel, like SCSI disks,
1249 * most IDE drives, or vn devices.
1250 *
1251 * The device name must be given in its "canonical" form.
1252 */
1253static struct disklabel *
1254getvirginlabel(void)
1255{
1256	static struct disklabel loclab;
1257	struct partition *dp;
1258	int f;
1259	u_int secsize, u;
1260	off_t mediasize;
1261
1262	if ((f = open(specname, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
1263		warn("cannot open %s", specname);
1264		return (NULL);
1265	}
1266
1267	/* New world order */
1268	if ((ioctl(f, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0) ||
1269	    (ioctl(f, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) != 0)) {
1270		close (f);
1271		return (NULL);
1272	}
1273	memset(&loclab, 0, sizeof loclab);
1274	loclab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
1275	loclab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
1276	loclab.d_secsize = secsize;
1277	loclab.d_secperunit = mediasize / secsize;
1278
1279	/*
1280	 * Nobody in these enligthened days uses the CHS geometry for
1281	 * anything, but nontheless try to get it right.  If we fail
1282	 * to get any good ideas from the device, construct something
1283	 * which is IBM-PC friendly.
1284	 */
1285	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u) == 0)
1286		loclab.d_nsectors = u;
1287	else
1288		loclab.d_nsectors = 63;
1289	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u) == 0)
1290		loclab.d_ntracks = u;
1291	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
1292		loclab.d_ntracks = 1;
1293	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
1294		loclab.d_ntracks = 16;
1295	else
1296		loclab.d_ntracks = 255;
1297	loclab.d_secpercyl = loclab.d_ntracks * loclab.d_nsectors;
1298	loclab.d_ncylinders = loclab.d_secperunit / loclab.d_secpercyl;
1299	loclab.d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
1300
1301	/* Various (unneeded) compat stuff */
1302	loclab.d_rpm = 3600;
1303	loclab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
1304	loclab.d_interleave = 1;;
1305	strncpy(loclab.d_typename, "amnesiac",
1306	    sizeof(loclab.d_typename));
1307
1308	dp = &loclab.d_partitions[RAW_PART];
1309	dp->p_size = loclab.d_secperunit;
1310	loclab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&loclab);
1311	close (f);
1312	return (&loclab);
1313}
1314
1315
1316/*VARARGS1*/
1317static void
1318Warning(const char *fmt, ...)
1319{
1320	va_list ap;
1321
1322	fprintf(stderr, "Warning, ");
1323	va_start(ap, fmt);
1324	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
1325	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1326	va_end(ap);
1327}
1328
1329static void
1330usage(void)
1331{
1332
1333	fprintf(stderr,
1334	"%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1335	"usage: bsdlabel disk",
1336	"\t\t(to read label)",
1337	"	bsdlabel -w [-n] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1338	"\t\t(to write label with existing boot program)",
1339	"	bsdlabel -e [-n] [-m machine] disk",
1340	"\t\t(to edit label)",
1341	"	bsdlabel -R [-n] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1342	"\t\t(to restore label with existing boot program)",
1343	"	bsdlabel -B [-b boot] [-m machine] disk",
1344	"\t\t(to install boot program with existing on-disk label)",
1345	"	bsdlabel -w -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1346	"\t\t(to write label and install boot program)",
1347	"	bsdlabel -R -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1348		"\t\t(to restore label and install boot program)"
1349	);
1350	exit(1);
1351}
1352