1115396Skan/*-
2115396Skan * Copyright 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3115396Skan * All rights reserved.
4115396Skan *
5115396Skan * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6115396Skan * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7115396Skan * are met:
8115396Skan * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9115396Skan *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10115396Skan * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11115396Skan *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12115396Skan *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13115396Skan *
14115396Skan * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15115396Skan * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16115396Skan * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17115396Skan * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18115396Skan * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19115396Skan * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20115396Skan * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21115396Skan * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22115396Skan * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23115396Skan * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24115396Skan *
25115396Skan *	from: FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/sparc64/lockdflt.c,v 1.3 2002/10/09
26115396Skan * $FreeBSD$
27115396Skan */
28115396Skan
29115396Skan/*
30115396Skan * Thread locking implementation for the dynamic linker.
31115396Skan *
32115396Skan * We use the "simple, non-scalable reader-preference lock" from:
33115396Skan *
34115396Skan *   J. M. Mellor-Crummey and M. L. Scott. "Scalable Reader-Writer
35115396Skan *   Synchronization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors." 3rd ACM Symp. on
36115396Skan *   Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, April 1991.
37115396Skan *
38115396Skan * In this algorithm the lock is a single word.  Its low-order bit is
39115396Skan * set when a writer holds the lock.  The remaining high-order bits
40115396Skan * contain a count of readers desiring the lock.  The algorithm requires
41115396Skan * atomic "compare_and_store" and "add" operations, which we implement
42115396Skan * using assembly language sequences in "rtld_start.S".
43115396Skan */
44115396Skan
45191303Srwatson#include <sys/param.h>
46115396Skan#include <signal.h>
47115396Skan#include <stdlib.h>
48115396Skan#include <time.h>
49115396Skan
50115396Skan#include "debug.h"
51115396Skan#include "rtld.h"
52115396Skan#include "rtld_machdep.h"
53115396Skan
54115396Skan#define WAFLAG		0x1	/* A writer holds the lock */
55115396Skan#define RC_INCR		0x2	/* Adjusts count of readers desiring lock */
56115396Skan
57115396Skantypedef struct Struct_Lock {
58168311Skan	volatile u_int lock;
59115396Skan	void *base;
60115396Skan} Lock;
61115396Skan
62115396Skanstatic sigset_t fullsigmask, oldsigmask;
63115396Skanstatic int thread_flag;
64115396Skan
65115396Skanstatic void *
66115396Skandef_lock_create()
67115396Skan{
68115396Skan    void *base;
69115396Skan    char *p;
70115396Skan    uintptr_t r;
71115396Skan    Lock *l;
72115396Skan
73115396Skan    /*
74115396Skan     * Arrange for the lock to occupy its own cache line.  First, we
75115396Skan     * optimistically allocate just a cache line, hoping that malloc
76115396Skan     * will give us a well-aligned block of memory.  If that doesn't
77115396Skan     * work, we allocate a larger block and take a well-aligned cache
78115396Skan     * line from it.
79115396Skan     */
80115396Skan    base = xmalloc(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
81115396Skan    p = (char *)base;
82115396Skan    if ((uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE != 0) {
83115396Skan	free(base);
84115396Skan	base = xmalloc(2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
85115396Skan	p = (char *)base;
86115396Skan	if ((r = (uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE) != 0)
87115396Skan	    p += CACHE_LINE_SIZE - r;
88115396Skan    }
89115396Skan    l = (Lock *)p;
90115396Skan    l->base = base;
91115396Skan    l->lock = 0;
92115396Skan    return l;
93115396Skan}
94115396Skan
95115396Skanstatic void
96115396Skandef_lock_destroy(void *lock)
97115396Skan{
98115396Skan    Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
99115396Skan
100115396Skan    free(l->base);
101115396Skan}
102115396Skan
103115396Skanstatic void
104115396Skandef_rlock_acquire(void *lock)
105115396Skan{
106115396Skan    Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
107115396Skan
108115396Skan    atomic_add_acq_int(&l->lock, RC_INCR);
109115396Skan    while (l->lock & WAFLAG)
110115396Skan	    ;	/* Spin */
111115396Skan}
112115396Skan
113115396Skanstatic void
114115396Skandef_wlock_acquire(void *lock)
115115396Skan{
116115396Skan    Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
117115396Skan    sigset_t tmp_oldsigmask;
118115396Skan
119115396Skan    for ( ; ; ) {
120115396Skan	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &fullsigmask, &tmp_oldsigmask);
121115396Skan	if (atomic_cmpset_acq_int(&l->lock, 0, WAFLAG))
122115396Skan	    break;
123115396Skan	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &tmp_oldsigmask, NULL);
124115396Skan    }
125115396Skan    oldsigmask = tmp_oldsigmask;
126115396Skan}
127115396Skan
128115396Skanstatic void
129115396Skandef_lock_release(void *lock)
130115396Skan{
131115396Skan    Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
132115396Skan
133115396Skan    if ((l->lock & WAFLAG) == 0)
134115396Skan    	atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -RC_INCR);
135115396Skan    else {
136115396Skan    	atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -WAFLAG);
137115396Skan    	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigmask, NULL);
138115396Skan    }
139115396Skan}
140115396Skan
141115396Skanstatic int
142115396Skandef_thread_set_flag(int mask)
143115396Skan{
144115396Skan	int old_val = thread_flag;
145115396Skan	thread_flag |= mask;
146115396Skan	return (old_val);
147115396Skan}
148115396Skan
149115396Skanstatic int
150115396Skandef_thread_clr_flag(int mask)
151115396Skan{
152115396Skan	int old_val = thread_flag;
153115396Skan	thread_flag &= ~mask;
154115396Skan	return (old_val);
155115396Skan}
156115396Skan
157115396Skan/*
158115396Skan * Public interface exposed to the rest of the dynamic linker.
159115396Skan */
160115396Skanstatic struct RtldLockInfo lockinfo;
161115396Skanstatic struct RtldLockInfo deflockinfo;
162115396Skan
163131575Sstefanfstatic __inline int
164115396Skanthread_mask_set(int mask)
165115396Skan{
166115396Skan	return lockinfo.thread_set_flag(mask);
167115396Skan}
168115396Skan
169131575Sstefanfstatic __inline void
170115396Skanthread_mask_clear(int mask)
171115396Skan{
172115396Skan	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag(mask);
173115396Skan}
174115396Skan
175178807Skib#define	RTLD_LOCK_CNT	3
176115396Skanstruct rtld_lock {
177115396Skan	void	*handle;
178115396Skan	int	 mask;
179115396Skan} rtld_locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
180115396Skan
181115396Skanrtld_lock_t	rtld_bind_lock = &rtld_locks[0];
182115396Skanrtld_lock_t	rtld_libc_lock = &rtld_locks[1];
183178807Skibrtld_lock_t	rtld_phdr_lock = &rtld_locks[2];
184115396Skan
185216695Skibvoid
186216695Skibrlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
187115396Skan{
188216695Skib
189216695Skib	if (lockstate == NULL)
190216695Skib		return;
191216695Skib
192183061Sdavidxu	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
193216695Skib		dbg("rlock_acquire: recursed");
194216695Skib		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
195216695Skib		return;
196115396Skan	}
197115396Skan	lockinfo.rlock_acquire(lock->handle);
198216695Skib	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED;
199115396Skan}
200115396Skan
201216695Skibvoid
202216695Skibwlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
203115396Skan{
204216695Skib
205216695Skib	if (lockstate == NULL)
206216695Skib		return;
207216695Skib
208183061Sdavidxu	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
209216695Skib		dbg("wlock_acquire: recursed");
210216695Skib		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
211216695Skib		return;
212115396Skan	}
213115396Skan	lockinfo.wlock_acquire(lock->handle);
214216695Skib	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED;
215115396Skan}
216115396Skan
217115396Skanvoid
218216695Skiblock_release(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
219115396Skan{
220216695Skib
221216695Skib	if (lockstate == NULL)
222216695Skib		return;
223216695Skib
224216695Skib	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
225216695Skib	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
226216695Skib		break;
227216695Skib	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
228216695Skib	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
229216695Skib		thread_mask_clear(lock->mask);
230216695Skib		lockinfo.lock_release(lock->handle);
231216695Skib		break;
232216695Skib	default:
233216695Skib		assert(0);
234216695Skib	}
235115396Skan}
236115396Skan
237115396Skanvoid
238216695Skiblock_upgrade(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
239115396Skan{
240216695Skib
241216695Skib	if (lockstate == NULL)
242216695Skib		return;
243216695Skib
244216695Skib	lock_release(lock, lockstate);
245216695Skib	wlock_acquire(lock, lockstate);
246115396Skan}
247115396Skan
248115396Skanvoid
249216695Skiblock_restart_for_upgrade(RtldLockState *lockstate)
250216695Skib{
251216695Skib
252216695Skib	if (lockstate == NULL)
253216695Skib		return;
254216695Skib
255216695Skib	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
256216695Skib	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
257216695Skib	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
258216695Skib		break;
259216695Skib	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
260218476Skib		siglongjmp(lockstate->env, 1);
261216695Skib		break;
262216695Skib	default:
263216695Skib		assert(0);
264216695Skib	}
265216695Skib}
266216695Skib
267216695Skibvoid
268115396Skanlockdflt_init()
269115396Skan{
270115396Skan    int i;
271115396Skan
272115396Skan    deflockinfo.rtli_version  = RTLI_VERSION;
273115396Skan    deflockinfo.lock_create   = def_lock_create;
274115396Skan    deflockinfo.lock_destroy  = def_lock_destroy;
275115396Skan    deflockinfo.rlock_acquire = def_rlock_acquire;
276115396Skan    deflockinfo.wlock_acquire = def_wlock_acquire;
277115396Skan    deflockinfo.lock_release  = def_lock_release;
278115396Skan    deflockinfo.thread_set_flag = def_thread_set_flag;
279115396Skan    deflockinfo.thread_clr_flag = def_thread_clr_flag;
280115396Skan    deflockinfo.at_fork = NULL;
281115396Skan
282115396Skan    for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
283115396Skan	    rtld_locks[i].mask   = (1 << i);
284115396Skan	    rtld_locks[i].handle = NULL;
285115396Skan    }
286115396Skan
287115396Skan    memcpy(&lockinfo, &deflockinfo, sizeof(lockinfo));
288115396Skan    _rtld_thread_init(NULL);
289115396Skan    /*
290115396Skan     * Construct a mask to block all signals except traps which might
291115396Skan     * conceivably be generated within the dynamic linker itself.
292115396Skan     */
293115396Skan    sigfillset(&fullsigmask);
294115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGILL);
295115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGTRAP);
296115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGABRT);
297115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGEMT);
298115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGFPE);
299115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGBUS);
300115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSEGV);
301115396Skan    sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSYS);
302115396Skan}
303115396Skan
304115396Skan/*
305115396Skan * Callback function to allow threads implementation to
306115396Skan * register their own locking primitives if the default
307115396Skan * one is not suitable.
308115396Skan * The current context should be the only context
309115396Skan * executing at the invocation time.
310115396Skan */
311115396Skanvoid
312115396Skan_rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *pli)
313115396Skan{
314115396Skan	int flags, i;
315115396Skan	void *locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
316115396Skan
317115396Skan	/* disable all locking while this function is running */
318115396Skan	flags =	thread_mask_set(~0);
319115396Skan
320115396Skan	if (pli == NULL)
321115396Skan		pli = &deflockinfo;
322115396Skan
323115396Skan
324115396Skan	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++)
325115396Skan		if ((locks[i] = pli->lock_create()) == NULL)
326115396Skan			break;
327115396Skan
328115396Skan	if (i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT) {
329115396Skan		while (--i >= 0)
330115396Skan			pli->lock_destroy(locks[i]);
331115396Skan		abort();
332115396Skan	}
333115396Skan
334115396Skan	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
335115396Skan		if (rtld_locks[i].handle == NULL)
336115396Skan			continue;
337115396Skan		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
338115396Skan			lockinfo.lock_release(rtld_locks[i].handle);
339115396Skan		lockinfo.lock_destroy(rtld_locks[i].handle);
340115396Skan	}
341115396Skan
342115396Skan	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
343115396Skan		rtld_locks[i].handle = locks[i];
344115396Skan		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
345115396Skan			pli->wlock_acquire(rtld_locks[i].handle);
346115396Skan	}
347115396Skan
348115396Skan	lockinfo.lock_create = pli->lock_create;
349115396Skan	lockinfo.lock_destroy = pli->lock_destroy;
350115396Skan	lockinfo.rlock_acquire = pli->rlock_acquire;
351115396Skan	lockinfo.wlock_acquire = pli->wlock_acquire;
352115396Skan	lockinfo.lock_release  = pli->lock_release;
353115396Skan	lockinfo.thread_set_flag = pli->thread_set_flag;
354115396Skan	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag = pli->thread_clr_flag;
355115396Skan	lockinfo.at_fork = pli->at_fork;
356115396Skan
357115396Skan	/* restore thread locking state, this time with new locks */
358115396Skan	thread_mask_clear(~0);
359115396Skan	thread_mask_set(flags);
360115396Skan	dbg("_rtld_thread_init: done");
361115396Skan}
362185369Skib
363185369Skibvoid
364185369Skib_rtld_atfork_pre(int *locks)
365185369Skib{
366216695Skib	RtldLockState ls[2];
367185369Skib
368216695Skib	wlock_acquire(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
369216695Skib	rlock_acquire(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
370216695Skib
371216695Skib	/* XXXKIB: I am really sorry for this. */
372216695Skib	locks[0] = ls[1].lockstate;
373216695Skib	locks[2] = ls[0].lockstate;
374185369Skib}
375185369Skib
376185369Skibvoid
377185369Skib_rtld_atfork_post(int *locks)
378185369Skib{
379216695Skib	RtldLockState ls[2];
380185369Skib
381216695Skib	bzero(ls, sizeof(ls));
382216695Skib	ls[0].lockstate = locks[2];
383216695Skib	ls[1].lockstate = locks[0];
384216695Skib	lock_release(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
385216695Skib	lock_release(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
386185369Skib}
387