southamerica revision 43014
1168404Spjd# @(#)southamerica 7.25 2168404Spjd 3168404Spjd# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 4168404Spjd# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 5168404Spjd# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 6168404Spjd 7168404Spjd# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22): 8168404Spjd# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 9168404Spjd# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (4th edition), 10168404Spjd# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1995). 11168404Spjd# 12168404Spjd# Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source 13168404Spjd# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 14168404Spjd# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 15168404Spjd# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 16168404Spjd# of the IATA's data after 1990. 17168404Spjd# 18168404Spjd# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 19168404Spjd# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 20168404Spjd# 21168404Spjd# The following abbreviations are used in this file. 22168404Spjd# Corrections are welcome! 23219089Spjd# std dst 24264835Sdelphij# LMT Local Mean Time 25325139Savg# -2:00 FST FDT Fernando de Noronha 26252219Sdelphij# -3:00 EST EDT Eastern Brazil 27307046Smav# -4:00 WST WDT Western Brazil 28307046Smav# -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic 29251646Sdelphij# -5:00 AST ADT Acre 30296519Smav# 31307050Smav# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and 32329489Smav# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote 33321577Smav# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST). 34168404Spjd# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome 35168404Spjd# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use 36168404Spjd# in Europe and South America. 37168404Spjd# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in 38168404Spjd# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466 39168404Spjd 40168404Spjd 41168404Spjd# From Guy Harris: 42168404Spjd# From Official Airline Guide - Worldwide Edition (1987). Countries not 43168404Spjd# listed here do not observe DST, according to the OAG. Time zone names 44185029Spjd# are pure inventions, and none are supplied for countries not observing 45168404Spjd# DST; updates from natives would be appreciated. The times that DST 46168404Spjd# starts and ends are based on the assumption that they switch a 2AM just 47168404Spjd# as everybody else does. 48168404Spjd 49185029Spjd############################################################################### 50185029Spjd 51185029Spjd############################################################################### 52185029Spjd 53209962Smm# Argentina 54168404Spjd 55219089Spjd# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 56168404Spjd# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976. 57168404Spjd# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight. 58209962Smm 59168404Spjd# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199): 60168404Spjd# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC 61168404Spjd 62168404Spjd# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26): 63168404Spjd# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table... 64185029Spjd# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina. 65168404Spjd 66209962Smm# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 67209962SmmRule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S 68168676SpjdRule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 69168404SpjdRule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 70168404SpjdRule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 71168404SpjdRule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 72168404SpjdRule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S 73168404SpjdRule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 - 74168404SpjdRule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 75168404SpjdRule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 76168404SpjdRule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 77168404SpjdRule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 78168404SpjdRule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 79168404SpjdRule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 80168404SpjdRule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S 81168404SpjdRule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 82168404SpjdRule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 83307050SmavRule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 84307050SmavRule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S 85307050SmavRule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 - 86307050SmavRule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S 87307050SmavRule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 88307050SmavRule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S 89168404SpjdRule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 - 90168404SpjdRule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S 91168404SpjdRule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - 92168404SpjdRule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S 93168404SpjdRule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 - 94168404SpjdRule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 - 95168404SpjdRule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S 96209962Smm# 97209962Smm# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26): 98168404Spjd# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A., 99219089Spjd# obtaining the data from the: 100185029Spjd# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina 101185029Spjd# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute) 102168404Spjd# 103168404Spjd# Shanks gives 1989 Mar 16 and stops after 1990 Mar 4; go with Otero. 104168404SpjdRule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 105168404SpjdRule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 106321534Smav# 107168404Spjd# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26): 108168404Spjd# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving 109168404Spjd# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications 110168404Spjd# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made. 111168404Spjd# 112168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 113168404Spjd# 114168404Spjd# Buenos Aires (BA), Distrito Federal (DF), Santa Cruz (SC), 115168404Spjd# Tierra del Fuego (TF) & Antartida e Islas 116168404SpjdZone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov 117168404Spjd -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time 118168404Spjd -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 119168404Spjd -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 120168404Spjd -3:00 Arg AR%sT 121168404Spjd# 122168404Spjd# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), 123168404Spjd# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH) 124168404SpjdZone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov 125168404Spjd -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 126168404Spjd -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 127168404Spjd -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 128168404Spjd -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul 129168404Spjd -3:00 - ART 130168404Spjd# 131168404Spjd# Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), 132168404Spjd# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN) 133168404SpjdZone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov 134168404Spjd -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 135321534Smav -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 136168404Spjd -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 137321534Smav -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul 138321534Smav -3:00 - ART 139168404Spjd# 140168404Spjd# Jujuy (JY) 141168404SpjdZone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov 142168404Spjd -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 143168404Spjd -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 144168404Spjd -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 145168404Spjd -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 146168404Spjd -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6 147168404Spjd -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15 148168404Spjd -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 149168404Spjd -3:00 - ART 150168404Spjd# 151168404Spjd# Catamarca (CT) 152168404SpjdZone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov 153168404Spjd -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 154168404Spjd -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 155307050Smav -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 156307050Smav -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul 157307050Smav -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul 158307050Smav -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul 159307050Smav -3:00 - ART 160168404Spjd# 161168404Spjd# Mendoza (MZ) 162168404SpjdZone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov 163168404Spjd -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 164168404Spjd -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 165168404Spjd -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 166168404Spjd -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 167168404Spjd -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15 168168404Spjd -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1 169321534Smav -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 170168404Spjd -3:00 - ART 171168404Spjd 172168404Spjd# Aruba 173168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 174168404SpjdZone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad 175168404Spjd -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time 176168404Spjd -4:00 - AST 177168404Spjd 178168404Spjd# Bolivia 179168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 180321534SmavZone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 181321534Smav -4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time 182321534Smav -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST 183321534Smav -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time 184321534Smav 185321534Smav# Brazil 186321534Smav 187321534Smav# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 188321534Smav# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules 189321534Smav# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade. 190321534Smav# The rule change lasted only part of the day; 191321534Smav# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business 192321534Smav# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon. 193321534Smav 194185029Spjd# From IATA SSIM (1996-02): 195185029Spjd# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS), 196185029Spjd# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), 197185029Spjd# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), 198185029Spjd# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL]. 199185029Spjd# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.] 200185029Spjd 201168404Spjd# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07): 202168404Spjd# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other 203168404Spjd# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were 204168404Spjd# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST.... 205168404Spjd# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until 206168404Spjd# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95, 207185029Spjd# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2 208185029Spjd# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is 209185029Spjd# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is 210168404Spjd# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's 211168404Spjd# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2 212168404Spjd# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West. 213168404Spjd# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline 214168404Spjd# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each 215168404Spjd# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that 216185029Spjd# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE), 217185029Spjd# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do 218168404Spjd# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST. 219168404Spjd 220168404Spjd# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 221168404Spjd# Let's make the following assumptions: 222185029Spjd# 223168404Spjd# * All data in Shanks are correct through 1990. In particular, 224185029Spjd# Shanks was right when he said Acre stopped observing DST in mid-1988. 225185029Spjd# * Areas where Shanks reports DST up to 1990, but the IATA reports no DST 226185029Spjd# in 1995, stopped observing DST in mid-1990. 227185029Spjd# 228168404Spjd# Under these assumptions Brazil needs 7 entries to cover all the distinct 229168404Spjd# time zone histories since 1970: 230185029Spjd# 231168404Spjd# Noronha (UTC-2), Fortaleza (UTC-3), and Manaus (UTC-4) stopped observing DST 232168404Spjd# in mid-1990. 233168404Spjd# Maceio (UTC-3) stopped observing DST in mid-1990, but started again mid-1995. 234168404Spjd# Sao Paulo (UTC-3) and Cuiaba (UTC-4) always observed DST. 235185029Spjd# Porto Acre (UTC-5) stopped observing DST in mid-1988. 236185029Spjd 237185029Spjd# From Rodrigo Feher <feher@pobox.com> (1998-01-17): 238185029Spjd# Reading "southamerica" file in timezone 7.55 I've found an 239185029Spjd# error. Line 193 say "Territory of Acre". It is not a territory anymore 240168404Spjd# but a state. 241168404Spjd 242185029Spjd# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27): 243168404Spjd# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html"> 244168404Spjd# Brazilian official page 245185029Spjd# </a> 246185029Spjd# 247185029Spjd# From Paul Eggert (1998-09-28): 248185029Spjd# The official decrees referenced below are taken from 249185029Spjd# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html"> 250185029Spjd# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil 251185029Spjd# </a> (1998-09-25, in Portuguese). 252185029Spjd# I don't read Portuguese, and haven't been able to verify them against 253185029Spjd# the Shanks and IATA data; there do seem to be minor discrepancies. 254185029Spjd 255185029Spjd# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 256185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20.466</a> (1931-01-10) 257185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21.896</a> (1932-01-10) 258185029SpjdRule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 D 259185029SpjdRule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 S 260185029SpjdRule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 D 261185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23.195</a> (1933-10-10) 262185029Spjd# revoked DST. 263185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27.496</a> (1949-11-24) 264185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27.998</a> (1950-04-13) 265185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32.308</a> (1953-02-24) 266185029SpjdRule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 D 267185029SpjdRule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 0 S 268185029SpjdRule Brazil 1951 1953 - Apr 1 0:00 0 S 269185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34.724</a> (1953-11-30) 270185029Spjd# revoked DST. 271168404Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52.700</a> (1963-10-18) 272185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53.071</a> (1963-12-03) 273185029SpjdRule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D 274185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53.604</a> (1964-02-25) 275185029SpjdRule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 S 276185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55.639</a> (1965-01-27) 277185029SpjdRule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 D 278185029SpjdRule Brazil 1965 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S 279185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57.303</a> (1965-11-22) 280185029SpjdRule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 D 281185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57.843</a> (1966-02-18) 282185029SpjdRule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 S 283260183SdelphijRule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D 284185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63.429</a> (1968-10-15) 285185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91.698</a> (1985-09-27) 286185029SpjdRule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 D 287185029Spjd# Decree 92.310 (1986-01-21) 288185029Spjd# Decree 92.463 (1986-03-13) 289185029SpjdRule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S 290185029Spjd# Decree 93.316 (1986-10-01) 291185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94.922</a> (1987-09-22) 292185029SpjdRule Brazil 1986 1987 - Oct Sat<=28 0:00 1:00 D 293185029SpjdRule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 S 294185029SpjdRule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 S 295185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96.676</a> (1988-09-12) 296185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98.077</a> (1989-08-21) 297185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99.530</a> (1990-09-17) 298185029Spjd# Decree 99.629 (1990-10-19) 299185029Spjd# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25): 300185029Spjd# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16): 301185029SpjdRule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 22 0:00 0 S 302185029SpjdRule Brazil 1988 1989 - Oct Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 303185029SpjdRule Brazil 1990 1991 - Feb Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 304185029SpjdRule Brazil 1990 1992 - Oct Sun>=20 0:00 1:00 D 305185029SpjdRule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S 306185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28) 307185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1.252</a> (1994-09-22) 308185029Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1.636</a> (1995-09-14) 309168404Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1.674</a> (1995-10-13) 310168404SpjdRule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 D 311219089SpjdRule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 S 312209962SmmRule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 S 313168404Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2.000</a> (1996-09-04) 314168404SpjdRule Brazil 1996 only - Feb Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 315168404SpjdRule Brazil 1996 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 316209962Smm# From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12): 317168404Spjd# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that 318209962Smm# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS, 319168404Spjd# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit. 320209962Smm# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1 321168404Spjd# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power. 322168404Spjd# 323168404Spjd# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): 324168404Spjd# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm"> 325168404Spjd# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit 326168404Spjd# </a>, 327209962Smm# Church Net UK (1997-10-02). 328209962Smm# 329168404Spjd# Decree 2.317 (1997-09-04) 330219089SpjdRule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 D 331219089Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2.495</a> 332219089Spjd# (1998-02-10) 333209962SmmRule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 S 334219089Spjd# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2.780</a> (1998-09-11) 335219089Spjd# specifies only the 1998-10-11 and 1999-02-21 transitions; 336219089Spjd# after that, these rules are guesses and are quite possibly wrong, 337219089Spjd# but they are more likely than no DST at all. 338219089SpjdRule Brazil 1998 max - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 D 339219089SpjdRule Brazil 1999 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 S 340219089Spjd 341219089Spjd 342219089Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 343219089Spjd# 344219089Spjd# Fernando de Noronha 345219089SpjdZone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914 346219089Spjd -2:00 - FST 1963 Dec 9 347219089Spjd -2:00 Brazil F%sT 1990 Jul 348219089Spjd -2:00 - FST 349219089Spjd# 350219089Spjd# Amapa, east Para, Maranhao, Piaui, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba, 351219089Spjd# Pernambuco (except Fernando de Noronha) 352219089SpjdZone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914 353219089Spjd -3:00 - EST 1963 Dec 9 354219089Spjd -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1990 Jul 355219089Spjd -3:00 - EST 356219089Spjd# 357219089Spjd# Alagoas, Sergipe, Tocantins 358219089Spjd# IATA SSIM (1996/1998) keeps bouncing back and forth as to whether 359219089Spjd# Alagoas and Sergipe observe DST. For now, continue to assume that they do. 360219089SpjdZone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914 361219089Spjd -3:00 - EST 1963 Dec 9 362219089Spjd -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1990 Jul 363219089Spjd -3:00 - EST 1995 Jul 364219089Spjd -3:00 Brazil E%sT 365219089Spjd# 366219089Spjd# Bahia, Goias, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, 367219089Spjd# Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul 368219089SpjdZone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914 369209962Smm -3:00 Brazil E%sT 370209962Smm# 371209962Smm# Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul 372168404SpjdZone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914 373209962Smm -4:00 - WST 1963 Dec 9 374209962Smm -4:00 Brazil W%sT 375209962Smm# 376168404Spjd# Roraima, west Para, Amazonas, Rondonia 377168404SpjdZone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914 378168404Spjd -4:00 - WST 1963 Dec 9 379209962Smm -4:00 Brazil W%sT 1990 Jul 380209962Smm -4:00 - WST 381209962Smm# 382209962Smm# Acre 383185029Spjd# Rio_Branco is too ambiguous, since there's a Rio Branco in Uruguay too. 384185029SpjdZone America/Porto_Acre -4:31:12 - LMT 1914 385168404Spjd -5:00 - AST 1963 Dec 9 386185029Spjd -5:00 Brazil A%sT 1988 Jul 387168404Spjd -5:00 - AST 388185029Spjd# 389185029Spjd# Martin Vaz and Trinidade are like America/Noronha. 390185029Spjd 391185029Spjd 392185029Spjd# Chile 393185029Spjd 394168404Spjd# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19): 395168404Spjd# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY 396168404Spjd# of October.... The law is the same for March and October. 397209962Smm# (1998-09-29): 398209962Smm# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into 399209962Smm# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ... 400209962Smm# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess). 401209962Smm 402209962Smm# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 403209962SmmRule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S 404209962SmmRule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 - 405209962SmmRule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S 406209962SmmRule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 407209962SmmRule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S 408209962SmmRule Chile 1970 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 - 409209962SmmRule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S 410209962SmmRule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S 411209962Smm# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14; 412209962Smm# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these for now. 413168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 414168404SpjdZone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890 415168404Spjd -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time 416168404Spjd -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time 417168404Spjd -4:00 Chile CL%sT 418168404SpjdZone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri 419168404Spjd -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time 420168404Spjd -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time 421168404Spjd -6:00 Chile EAS%sT 422168404Spjd# 423168404Spjd# Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago. 424168404Spjd# San Ambrosio, San Felix 425168404Spjd# no information; probably like America/Santiago 426209962Smm 427209962Smm 428168404Spjd# Colombia 429219089Spjd# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 430209962SmmRule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 431168404Spjd# Shanks (1995) estimates 1993-04-03 24:00 for this; go with IATA. 432168404SpjdRule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - 433168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 434168404SpjdZone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13 435168404Spjd -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time 436168404Spjd -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time 437168404Spjd# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres 438168404Spjd# no information; probably like America/Bogota 439168404Spjd 440168404Spjd# Curacao 441168404Spjd# Shanks (1995) says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since 442168404Spjd# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon 443168404Spjd# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. 444168404Spjd# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though. 445168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 446168404SpjdZone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad 447168404Spjd -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time 448168404Spjd -4:00 - AST 449168404Spjd 450168404Spjd# Ecuador 451168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 452219089SpjdZone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890 453219089Spjd -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time 454219089Spjd -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time 455209962SmmZone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno 456209962Smm -5:00 - ECT 1986 457209962Smm -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time 458209962Smm 459209962Smm# Falklands 460209962Smm# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 461209962SmmRule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 462209962SmmRule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 - 463209962SmmRule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 464209962SmmRule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 465209962SmmRule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 466209962SmmRule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 467209962SmmRule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 - 468209962SmmRule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S 469209962SmmRule Falk 1985 1995 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S 470209962SmmRule Falk 1986 max - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 - 471209962SmmRule Falk 1996 max - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S 472209962Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 473209962SmmZone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890 474209962Smm -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time 475209962Smm -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time 476209962Smm -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15 477209962Smm -4:00 Falk FK%sT 478209962Smm 479209962Smm# French Guiana 480209962Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 481209962SmmZone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul 482209962Smm -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time 483209962Smm -3:00 - GFT 484168404Spjd 485168404Spjd# Guyana 486168404Spjd# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 487228103SmmZone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown 488209962Smm -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time 489209962Smm -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time 490209962Smm -3:00 - GYT 1991 491209962Smm# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch. 492209962Smm -4:00 - GYT 493209962Smm 494209962Smm# Paraguay 495209962Smm 496209962Smm# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 497209962Smm# Paraguay: First day in October to last in March. Midnight switch?? 498209962Smm# Since 1980. 499209962Smm 500209962Smm# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 501209962Smm# PARAGUAY 4 H BEHIND UTC 502209962Smm# PARAGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC OCT 1, '88-MAR 31, '89 503209962Smm 504228103Smm# From Shanks (1991): 505230438Spjd# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 506230438SpjdRule Para 1975 1978 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 507230438SpjdRule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 508230438Spjd# Shanks says 1979 was all DST. 509230438SpjdRule Para 1980 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 510230438SpjdRule Para 1980 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 511230438SpjdRule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S 512230438SpjdRule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 513230438SpjdRule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S 514230438SpjdRule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 515230438SpjdRule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S 516230438SpjdRule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - 517230438SpjdRule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 518230438SpjdRule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - 519230438SpjdRule Para 1996 1998 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 520230438SpjdRule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 521228103Smm# IATA SSIM (1998-02) claims that the 1999 switch will be on 02-27. 522228103Smm# Assume this is a typo, and that 02-28 was meant. 523228103SmmRule Para 1999 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - 524228103Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 525228103SmmZone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890 526228103Smm -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time 527228103Smm -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time 528228103Smm -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr 529228103Smm -4:00 Para PY%sT 530228103Smm 531228103Smm# Peru 532228103Smm# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 533228103SmmRule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 534228103SmmRule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 535228103SmmRule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 536228103SmmRule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 - 537228103SmmRule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 538228103SmmRule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 539228103SmmRule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 540228103SmmRule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 541228103SmmRule Peru 1993 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 542228103SmmRule Peru 1993 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 543228103Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 544228103SmmZone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890 545228103Smm -5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time 546228103Smm -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time 547228103Smm 548228103Smm# South Georgia 549228103Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 550228103SmmZone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken 551228103Smm -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time 552228103Smm 553228103Smm# South Sandwich Is 554228103Smm# uninhabited 555228103Smm 556228103Smm# Suriname 557228103Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 558228103SmmZone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911 559228103Smm -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time 560228103Smm -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved? 561228103Smm -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time 562228103Smm -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time 563228103Smm -3:00 - SRT 564228103Smm 565228103Smm# Trinidad and Tobago 566228103Smm# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 567260183SdelphijZone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 568260183Sdelphij -4:00 - AST 569260183Sdelphij 570260183Sdelphij# Uruguay 571260183Sdelphij# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 572307108Smav# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules. 573260183Sdelphij# From Shanks (1991): 574260183Sdelphij# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 575260183Sdelphij# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks. 576260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS 577260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 578260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS 579260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 580260183Sdelphij# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman. 581260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 - 582260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS 583260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 - 584260183Sdelphij# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks. 585260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 586260183Sdelphij# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13, 587260183Sdelphij# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks. 588260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 589260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS 590260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S 591260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - 592260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S 593260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 - 594260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S 595260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 - 596260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 597260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 - 598260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 599260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS 600260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 - 601260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S 602260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 - 603260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS 604260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S 605260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 606260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S 607260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 608260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 609260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 610260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S 611260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - 612260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S 613260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 - 614260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S 615260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 616260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S 617260183Sdelphij# Shanks's 4th edition (1995) says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2, 618260183Sdelphij# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA. 619260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S 620260183SdelphijRule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 - 621260183Sdelphij# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 622260183SdelphijZone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28 623260183Sdelphij -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT 624260183Sdelphij -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time 625260183Sdelphij -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT 626260183Sdelphij 627260183Sdelphij# Venezuela 628260183Sdelphij# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 629260183SdelphijZone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890 630260183Sdelphij -4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time 631321534Smav -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time 632321534Smav -4:00 - VET 633321534Smav