leapseconds revision 149514
1149514Swollman# @(#)leapseconds	7.20
275267Swollman
32742Swollman# Allowance for leapseconds added to each timezone file.
42742Swollman
52742Swollman# The International Earth Rotation Service periodically uses leap seconds
658787Sru# to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1
758787Sru# (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see
82742Swollman# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,
92742Swollman# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905.
102742Swollman# There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism
112742Swollman# accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation
122742Swollman# did not exist until the early 1970s.
132742Swollman
142742Swollman# The correction (+ or -) is made at the given time, so lines
152742Swollman# will typically look like:
162742Swollman#	Leap	YEAR	MON	DAY	23:59:60	+	R/S
172742Swollman# or
182742Swollman#	Leap	YEAR	MON	DAY	23:59:59	-	R/S
192742Swollman
202742Swollman# If the leapsecond is Rolling (R) the given time is local time
2143014Swollman# If the leapsecond is Stationary (S) the given time is UTC
222742Swollman
232742Swollman# Leap	YEAR	MONTH	DAY	HH:MM:SS	CORR	R/S
242742SwollmanLeap	1972	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
252742SwollmanLeap	1972	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
262742SwollmanLeap	1973	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
272742SwollmanLeap	1974	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
282742SwollmanLeap	1975	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
292742SwollmanLeap	1976	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
302742SwollmanLeap	1977	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
312742SwollmanLeap	1978	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
322742SwollmanLeap	1979	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
332742SwollmanLeap	1981	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
342742SwollmanLeap	1982	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
352742SwollmanLeap	1983	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
362742SwollmanLeap	1985	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
372742SwollmanLeap	1987	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
382742SwollmanLeap	1989	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
392742SwollmanLeap	1990	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
402742SwollmanLeap	1992	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
412742SwollmanLeap	1993	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
422742SwollmanLeap	1994	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
4339871SphkLeap	1995	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
4439871SphkLeap	1997	Jun	30	23:59:60	+	S
4539898SphkLeap	1998	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
46147771SphkLeap	2005	Dec	31	23:59:60	+	S
4786222Swollman
48149514Swollman#	INTERNATIONAL EARTH ROTATION AND REFERENCE SYSTEMS SERVICE (IERS)
49149514Swollman#
50136638Swollman# SERVICE INTERNATIONAL DE LA ROTATION TERRESTRE ET DES SYSTEMES DE REFERENCE
51149514Swollman#
5275267Swollman# SERVICE DE LA ROTATION TERRESTRE
53149514Swollman# OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS
5475267Swollman# 61, Av. de l'Observatoire 75014 PARIS (France)
5575267Swollman# Tel.      : 33 (0) 1 40 51 22 26
5675267Swollman# FAX       : 33 (0) 1 40 51 22 91
57149514Swollman# ...
58147771Sphk# http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc
59149514Swollman#
60149514Swollman#						Paris, 4 July 2005
61149514Swollman#							
62149514Swollman#						Bulletin C 30
63149514Swollman#
64149514Swollman#						To authorities responsible
65149514Swollman#						for the measurement and
66149514Swollman#						distribution of time
67149514Swollman#
68149514Swollman#
69147771Sphk#                                    UTC TIME STEP
70147771Sphk#                             on the 1st of January 2006
71149514Swollman#
72149514Swollman# A positive leap second will be introduced at the end of December 2005.
73149514Swollman# The sequence of dates of the UTC second markers will be:
74149514Swollman#
75149514Swollman#			2005 December 31,     23h 59m 59s
76149514Swollman#			2005 December 31,     23h 59m 60s
77149514Swollman#			2006 January   1,      0h  0m  0s
78149514Swollman#
79149514Swollman# The difference between UTC and the International Atomic Time TAI is:
80149514Swollman#
81149514Swollman# from 1999 January 1, 0h UTC, to 2006 January 1  0h UTC  : UTC-TAI = - 32s
82149514Swollman# from 2006 January 1, 0h UTC, until further notice       : UTC-TAI = - 33s
83149514Swollman#
84149514Swollman# Leap seconds can be introduced in UtC at the end of the months of December
85149514Swollman# or June, depending on the evolution of UT1-TAI. Bulletin C is mailed every
86149514Swollman# six months, either to announce a time step in UTC or to confirm that there
87149514Swollman# will be no time step at the next possible date.
88149514Swollman#
89149514Swollman#					Daniel GAMBIS
90149514Swollman#					Head
91149514Swollman#					Earth Orientation Center of IERS
92149514Swollman#					Observatoire de Paris, France
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