asia revision 257682
1240461Sedwin# <pre> 2192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 464499Swollman 52742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 62742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7243020Sedwin# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 82742Swollman 9257682Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 102742Swollman# 112742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 142742Swollman# 1586222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1620094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1720094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1820094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1920094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 2020094Swollman# 21158421Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 22158421Swollman# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2320094Swollman# 242742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 252742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 262742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 272742Swollman# 28248310Sedwin# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 29248310Sedwin# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 30248310Sedwin# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. 31248310Sedwin# 322742Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3358787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 342742Swollman# 352742Swollman# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 362742Swollman# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 372742Swollman# Corrections are welcome! 38114173Swollman# std dst 39114173Swollman# LMT Local Mean Time 40114173Swollman# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 41114173Swollman# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 42114173Swollman# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 43114173Swollman# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 44114173Swollman# 4:00 GST Gulf* 45114173Swollman# 5:30 IST India 46114173Swollman# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 47257682Sedwin# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 48257682Sedwin# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 49114173Swollman# 8:00 CST China 50114173Swollman# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 51257682Sedwin# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 52149590Swollman# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 53149590Swollman# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 54114173Swollman# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 552742Swollman# 569908Swollman# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 572742Swollman 582742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 592742Swollman# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 602742Swollman# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 612742Swollman# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 622742Swollman# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 632742Swollman 642742Swollman############################################################################### 652742Swollman 6620094Swollman# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 672742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6820094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 69158421SwollmanRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 7020094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 7120094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 7220094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 7320094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 7420094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 7520094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 7620094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7720094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7820094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 7920094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 8020094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 8120094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 8220094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 832742Swollman 842742Swollman# Afghanistan 852742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 862742SwollmanZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 8719878Swollman 4:00 - AFT 1945 882742Swollman 4:30 - AFT 892742Swollman 902742Swollman# Armenia 91158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 92158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 93158421Swollman# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 94158421Swollman# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 95158421Swollman# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 96153670Swollman# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9743014Swollman# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 9843014Swollman# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 9943014Swollman# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 100233447Sedwin 101233447Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 102233447Sedwin# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 103233447Sedwin# follow Russia's "old" rules. 104233447Sedwin 105233447Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 106233447Sedwin# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 107233447Sedwin# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 108240461Sedwin# 109233447Sedwin# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 110233447Sedwin# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 111233447Sedwin# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 112233447Sedwin# or 113233447Sedwin# (brief) 114233447Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 1152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1162742SwollmanZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 11719878Swollman 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 11819878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11919878Swollman 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 12058787Sru 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 12143014Swollman 4:00 - AMT 1997 122233447Sedwin 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s 123233447Sedwin 4:00 - AMT 1242742Swollman 1252742Swollman# Azerbaijan 126153670Swollman# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 127153670Swollman# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 128153670Swollman# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 12943014Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 130153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 131153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1332742SwollmanZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 13419878Swollman 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 13519878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 13619878Swollman 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 137149514Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 13820094Swollman 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 13943014Swollman 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 14043014Swollman 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 1412742Swollman 1422742Swollman# Bahrain 1432742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14467578SwollmanZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 1452742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1462742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1472742Swollman 1482742Swollman# Bangladesh 149193785Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 150193785Sedwin# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 151193785Sedwin# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 152193785Sedwin# 153193785Sedwin# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 154193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 155193785Sedwin# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 156193785Sedwin# </a> 157193785Sedwin# or 158193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 159193785Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 160193785Sedwin# </a> 161193785Sedwin# 162193785Sedwin# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 163193785Sedwin# June 164193785Sedwin# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 165193785Sedwin# crippling power crisis. " 166193785Sedwin# 167193785Sedwin# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 168193785Sedwin# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 169193785Sedwin 170193785Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 171193785Sedwin# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 172193785Sedwin# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 173193785Sedwin# 174193785Sedwin# Some sources: 175193785Sedwin# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 176193785Sedwin# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 177193785Sedwin# </a> 178193785Sedwin# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 179193785Sedwin# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 180193785Sedwin# </a> 181193785Sedwin# 182193785Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 183193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 184193785Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 185193785Sedwin# </a> 186193785Sedwin 187194485Sedwin# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 188240461Sedwin# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 189240461Sedwin# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 190240461Sedwin# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 191194485Sedwin# 192194485Sedwin# No DST end date has been announced yet. 193193785Sedwin 194198270Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 195240461Sedwin# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 196240461Sedwin# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 197198270Sedwin# 198198270Sedwin# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 199198270Sedwin# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 200198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021"> 201198270Sedwin# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 202198270Sedwin# </a> 203198270Sedwin# or 204198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html"> 205198270Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 206198270Sedwin# </a> 207196581Sedwin 208198270Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 209198270Sedwin# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 210240461Sedwin# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 211240461Sedwin# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 212198270Sedwin# "continue for an indefinite period." 213198270Sedwin# 214198270Sedwin# One of many places where it is published: 215198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html"> 216198270Sedwin# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 217198270Sedwin# </a> 218198270Sedwin 219201189Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 220201189Sedwin# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 221201189Sedwin# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 222201189Sedwin# 223201189Sedwin# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 224201189Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228"> 225201189Sedwin# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 226201189Sedwin# </a> 227201189Sedwin# and 228201189Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html"> 229201189Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 230201189Sedwin# </a> 231201189Sedwin# 232201189Sedwin# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 233201189Sedwin# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 234201189Sedwin# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 235201189Sedwin# Minister's Office last night..." 236201189Sedwin 237206219Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 238206219Sedwin# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 239240461Sedwin# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 240206219Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817"> 241206219Sedwin# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 242204887Sedwin# </a> 243206219Sedwin# or 244206219Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html"> 245206219Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 246206219Sedwin# </a> 247204887Sedwin 248201189Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 249202606SedwinRule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S 250204887SedwinRule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 - 251201189Sedwin 2522742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25375267SwollmanZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 25419878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 25519878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 2562742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 25719878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 25819878Swollman 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 259201189Sedwin 6:00 - BDT 2009 260201189Sedwin 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT 2612742Swollman 2622742Swollman# Bhutan 2632742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26467578SwollmanZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 2652742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 26619878Swollman 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 2672742Swollman 2682742Swollman# British Indian Ocean Territory 26986222Swollman# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 27086222Swollman# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 271149514Swollman# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 272149514Swollman# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 273149514Swollman# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 2742742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 275149514SwollmanZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 276149514Swollman 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 27786222Swollman 6:00 - IOT 2782742Swollman 2792742Swollman# Brunei 2802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2812742SwollmanZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 2822742Swollman 7:30 - BNT 1933 2832742Swollman 8:00 - BNT 2842742Swollman 28514343Swollman# Burma / Myanmar 286248310Sedwin 287248310Sedwin# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 288248310Sedwin 2892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 29017200SwollmanZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 291248310Sedwin 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 29219878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 2932742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 29419878Swollman 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 2952742Swollman 2962742Swollman# Cambodia 2972742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2982742SwollmanZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 29919878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 3002742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 3012742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 3022742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 3032742Swollman 30443014Swollman# China 3052742Swollman 3062742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 3072742Swollman# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 3082742Swollman 30919878Swollman# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 31019878Swollman# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 3112742Swollman# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 3122742Swollman# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 3132742Swollman# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 31493799Swollman# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 3152742Swollman# 3162742Swollman# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 3172742Swollman# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 3182742Swollman# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 3192742Swollman# 3202742Swollman# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 3212742Swollman# 1987 mid-April - ?? 3222742Swollman 32319878Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 3242742Swollman# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 3252742Swollman# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 3262742Swollman 327158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 328158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 329158421Swollman# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 330158421Swollman# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 3312742Swollman# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 332158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 333158421Swollman# pre-1980 time zones. 3342742Swollman 335158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 3362742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3372742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 3382742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 3392742SwollmanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 3402742SwollmanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 34114343SwollmanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 34214343SwollmanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 343163302Sru 34493799Swollman# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 34593799Swollman# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 34693799Swollman# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 347163302Sru# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 348169811Swollman# 349163302Sru# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 350163302Sru# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 351163302Sru# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 352163302Sru# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 353163302Sru# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 354163302Sru# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 355163302Sru# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 356163302Sru# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 357163302Sru# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 358163302Sru# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 359163302Sru 360181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 361181421Sedwin# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 362181421Sedwin# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 363181421Sedwin# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 364181421Sedwin# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 365181421Sedwin# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 366181421Sedwin# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 367181421Sedwin# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 368181421Sedwin# 369181421Sedwin# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 370240461Sedwin# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 371240461Sedwin# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 372240461Sedwin# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 373240461Sedwin# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 374240461Sedwin# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 375181421Sedwin# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 376181421Sedwin# 377181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 378181421Sedwin# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 379181421Sedwin# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 380181421Sedwin# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 381181421Sedwin# Shanks & Pottenger. 382163302Sru 383163302Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 38493799Swollman# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 385163302Sru# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 38667578SwollmanZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 38793799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 38814343Swollman 8:00 - CST 1940 38993799Swollman 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 39093799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 39114343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 39293799Swollman# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 393163302Sru# most of China 394248310Sedwin# Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest. 395248310SedwinZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928 3962742Swollman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 3972742Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 39893799Swollman# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 399163302Sru# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 400163302Sru# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 401163302Sru# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 402163302Sru# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 40386222SwollmanZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 40493799Swollman 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 40514343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 40693799Swollman# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 407163302Sru# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 408163302Sru# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 409163302Sru# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 410163302Sru# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 411163302Sru# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 412163302Sru# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 413163302Sru# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 414163302Sru# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 41567578SwollmanZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 41619878Swollman 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 41714343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 41893799Swollman# Kunlun Time 419163302Sru# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 420163302Sru# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 421163302Sru# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 422163302Sru# and Yarkand. 423200835Sedwin 424200835Sedwin# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 425200835Sedwin# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 426200835Sedwin# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 427200835Sedwin# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 428200835Sedwin# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 429200835Sedwin# they implicitly use Beijing time. 430200835Sedwin# 431200835Sedwin# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 432200835Sedwin# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 433200835Sedwin# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang 434200835Sedwin# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 435200835Sedwin# local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in 436200835Sedwin# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 437200835Sedwin# "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 438200835Sedwin# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 439200835Sedwin# 440200835Sedwin# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 441200835Sedwin# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 442200835Sedwin# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 443200835Sedwin# 444200835Sedwin# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 445200835Sedwin# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 446200835Sedwin# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 447200835Sedwin# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 448200835Sedwin# others moving their clocks ahead.) 449200835Sedwin# 450200835Sedwin# ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time. 451200835Sedwin# 452200835Sedwin# The first few lines of the Google translation of 453200835Sedwin# <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39"> 454200835Sedwin# http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39 455200835Sedwin# </a> 456200835Sedwin# (retrieved 2009-10-13) 457200835Sedwin# > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least 458200835Sedwin# > 500 million yuan 459200835Sedwin# > 460200835Sedwin# > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20), 461200835Sedwin# > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River 462200835Sedwin# > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men 463200835Sedwin# > have worked continuously for 22 hours... 464200835Sedwin 465200835Sedwin# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 466200835Sedwin# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 467200835Sedwin# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 468200835Sedwin# 469200835Sedwin# 1. Wulumuqi... 470200835Sedwin# 2. Kashi... 471200835Sedwin# 3. Urumqi... 472200835Sedwin# 4. Kashgar... 473200835Sedwin# ... 474200835Sedwin# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 475200835Sedwin# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 476200835Sedwin# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 477200835Sedwin# 478200835Sedwin# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 479200835Sedwin# start date for Xinjiang time. 480200835Sedwin# 481200835Sedwin# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 482200835Sedwin# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 483200835Sedwin# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 484200835Sedwin# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 485200835Sedwin 48667578SwollmanZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 48719878Swollman 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 48819878Swollman 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 48914343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 49093799Swollman 491198825Sedwin 492248310Sedwin# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 493248310Sedwin 494248310Sedwin# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 495248310Sedwin 496198825Sedwin# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 497200835Sedwin# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 498200835Sedwin# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 499198825Sedwin# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 500198825Sedwin# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 501198825Sedwin# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 502198825Sedwin# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 503198825Sedwin# obtained from 504198825Sedwin# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 505198825Sedwin# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 506198825Sedwin# </a>. 507198825Sedwin 508198825Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 509198825Sedwin# Here are the dates given at 510198825Sedwin# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 511198825Sedwin# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 512198825Sedwin# </a> 513198825Sedwin# as of 2009-10-28: 514198825Sedwin# Year Period 515198825Sedwin# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep 516240461Sedwin# 1942 Whole year 517198825Sedwin# 1943 Whole year 518198825Sedwin# 1944 Whole year 519198825Sedwin# 1945 Whole year 520198825Sedwin# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 521198825Sedwin# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec 522198825Sedwin# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 523198825Sedwin# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 524198825Sedwin# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 525198825Sedwin# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 526198825Sedwin# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct 527198825Sedwin# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 528198825Sedwin# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 529198825Sedwin# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 530198825Sedwin# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 531198825Sedwin# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 532198825Sedwin# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 533198825Sedwin# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 534198825Sedwin# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 535198825Sedwin# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 536198825Sedwin# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 537198825Sedwin# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 538198825Sedwin# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 539198825Sedwin# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 540198825Sedwin# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 541198825Sedwin# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 542198825Sedwin# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 543198825Sedwin# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 544198825Sedwin# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 545198825Sedwin# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 546198825Sedwin# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 547198825Sedwin# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 548198825Sedwin# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 549198825Sedwin# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 550198825Sedwin# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 551198825Sedwin# 1977 Nil 552198825Sedwin# 1978 Nil 553198825Sedwin# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 554198825Sedwin# 1980 to Now Nil 555198825Sedwin# The page does not give start or end times of day. 556198825Sedwin# The page does not give a start date for 1942. 557198825Sedwin# The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 558198825Sedwin# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 559198825Sedwin# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 560198825Sedwin# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 561198825Sedwin 5622742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 563198825SedwinRule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 564198825SedwinRule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 5652742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 5662742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 5672742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 5682742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 5692742SwollmanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 570198825SedwinRule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 571198825SedwinRule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 5722742SwollmanRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 5732742SwollmanRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 5742742SwollmanRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 5752742SwollmanRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 5762742SwollmanRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 577213312SedwinRule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 578213312SedwinRule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 579198825SedwinRule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 580198825SedwinRule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 581198825SedwinRule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 5822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 583248310SedwinZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 584198825Sedwin 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 585198825Sedwin 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 58658787Sru 8:00 HK HK%sT 5872742Swollman 58830711Swollman############################################################################### 58930711Swollman 59043014Swollman# Taiwan 59130711Swollman 592158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 59343543Swollman# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 59443543Swollman# have any other information. 59543543Swollman 596206868Sedwin# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 597206868Sedwin# According to Taiwan's CWB, 598206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm"> 599206868Sedwin# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 600206868Sedwin# </a> 601206868Sedwin# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 602206868Sedwin 603206868Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07): 604206868Sedwin# Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page: 605206868Sedwin# Decade Name Start and end date 606240461Sedwin# Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30 607240461Sedwin# 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31 608240461Sedwin# Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31 609240461Sedwin# In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 610240461Sedwin# Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30 611240461Sedwin# Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30 612240461Sedwin# Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time 613240461Sedwin# Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 614240461Sedwin# Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time 615240461Sedwin# Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30 616206868Sedwin# Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time 617206868Sedwin 61830711Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 61930711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 62030711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 62130711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 62230711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 62330711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 62430711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 62530711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 62630711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 62730711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 628206868SedwinRule Taiwan 1979 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 629206868SedwinRule Taiwan 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 630206868Sedwin 63130711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 63286222SwollmanZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 63330711Swollman 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 63430711Swollman 63593799Swollman# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 6362742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 63793799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 63893799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 63993799SwollmanRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 64093799SwollmanRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 64193799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 64293799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 64393799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 64493799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 64593799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 64693799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 64793799SwollmanRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 64893799SwollmanRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 64993799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 65093799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 6512742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 65293799SwollmanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 65393799Swollman 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 65419878Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 6552742Swollman 6562742Swollman 6572742Swollman############################################################################### 6582742Swollman 6592742Swollman# Cyprus 660248310Sedwin# 661248310Sedwin# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 662248310Sedwin# 6632742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 66419878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 6652742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 66619878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 6672742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 66819878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 6692742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 6702742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 67143543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 67243543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6732742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6742742SwollmanZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 67543543Swollman 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 67658787Sru 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 67743543Swollman# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 6782742Swollman 67967578Swollman# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 68067578Swollman# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 68167578SwollmanLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 68267578Swollman 6832742Swollman# Georgia 684149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 6859908Swollman# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 6869908Swollman# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 6879908Swollman# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 68814343Swollman# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 68914343Swollman# 690149514Swollman# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 69120094Swollman# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 69220094Swollman# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 69320094Swollman# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 694136638Swollman# 695136638Swollman# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 696149514Swollman# 697136638Swollman# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 698136638Swollman# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 699136638Swollman# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 700136638Swollman# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 701136638Swollman# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 702136638Swollman# of integration into Europe. 703136638Swollman 704153670Swollman# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 705153670Swollman# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 706153670Swollman# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 707153670Swollman# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 708153670Swollman# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 709153670Swollman# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 710153670Swollman# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 711153670Swollman# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 712153670Swollman# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 713153670Swollman 714153670Swollman 7152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7162742SwollmanZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 71719878Swollman 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 71819878Swollman 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 71919878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 72019878Swollman 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 72120094Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 72220094Swollman 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 72320094Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 72443543Swollman 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 725136638Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 726153670Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 727153670Swollman 4:00 - GET 7282742Swollman 72958787Sru# East Timor 73075267Swollman 731169811Swollman# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 732169811Swollman 73375267Swollman# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 73475267Swollman# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 73575267Swollman# East Timor may be late for its millennium 73675267Swollman# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 73775267Swollman# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 73875267Swollman# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 73975267Swollman# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 74075267Swollman# conflicts with their way of life. 74175267Swollman 74275267Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 74375267Swollman# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 74475267Swollman# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 74575267Swollman 74675267Swollman# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 74775267Swollman# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 74875267Swollman# (2000-08-16)</a>: 74975267Swollman# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 75075267Swollman# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 75175267Swollman# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 75275267Swollman# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 75375267Swollman 75458787Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 75558787SruZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 756149514Swollman 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 757169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 758149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 759257682Sedwin 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00 760149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 76158787Sru 7622742Swollman# India 7632742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 764177591SedwinZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 76519878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 76619878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 7672742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 7682742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 7692742Swollman 5:30 - IST 770177591Sedwin# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 7712742Swollman# Andaman Is 7722742Swollman# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 7732742Swollman# Nicobar Is 7742742Swollman 7752742Swollman# Indonesia 77686222Swollman# 777158421Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 77886222Swollman# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 77986222Swollman# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 78086222Swollman# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 78186222Swollman# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 78286222Swollman# 783169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 784169811Swollman# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 785169811Swollman# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 786169811Swollman# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 787169811Swollman# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 788169811Swollman# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 789169811Swollman# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 790169811Swollman# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 791169811Swollman# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 792169811Swollman# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 793169811Swollman# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 794169811Swollman# switched on 1945-09-23. 795169811Swollman# 796257682Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 797257682Sedwin# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 798257682Sedwin# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 799257682Sedwin# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 800257682Sedwin# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 801257682Sedwin# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 802257682Sedwin# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 803257682Sedwin# The abbreviations are: 804257682Sedwin# 805257682Sedwin# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 806257682Sedwin# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 807257682Sedwin# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 808257682Sedwin# 8092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 810257682Sedwin# Java, Sumatra 8112742SwollmanZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 812158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 81358787Sru# but this must be a typo. 814257682Sedwin 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia 81519878Swollman 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 816257682Sedwin 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23 817169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 818257682Sedwin 7:30 - WIB 1948 May 819257682Sedwin 8:00 - WIB 1950 May 820257682Sedwin 7:30 - WIB 1964 821257682Sedwin 7:00 - WIB 822257682Sedwin# west and central Borneo 82386222SwollmanZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 82486222Swollman 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 825257682Sedwin 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29 826169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 827257682Sedwin 7:30 - WIB 1948 May 828257682Sedwin 8:00 - WIB 1950 May 829257682Sedwin 7:30 - WIB 1964 830257682Sedwin 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 831257682Sedwin 7:00 - WIB 832257682Sedwin# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 83393799SwollmanZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 83419878Swollman 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 835257682Sedwin 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9 836169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 837257682Sedwin 8:00 - WITA 838257682Sedwin# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 8392742SwollmanZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 840257682Sedwin 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1 8412742Swollman 9:30 - CST 1964 842257682Sedwin 9:00 - WIT 8432742Swollman 8442742Swollman# Iran 845114173Swollman 846114173Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 847114173Swollman# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 848114173Swollman# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 84921217Swollman# 850114173Swollman# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 851114173Swollman# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 85221217Swollman# 853114173Swollman# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 854114173Swollman# 855114173Swollman# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 856114173Swollman# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 857114173Swollman# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 858114173Swollman# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 859114173Swollman# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 860114173Swollman# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 861114173Swollman# 862114173Swollman# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 863114173Swollman# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 864114173Swollman# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 865114173Swollman# Shahrivar. 866114173Swollman# 867114173Swollman# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 868114173Swollman# 869114173Swollman# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 870114173Swollman# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 871114173Swollman# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 872114173Swollman# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 873114173Swollman# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 874114173Swollman# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 875149514Swollman# 876149514Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 877149514Swollman# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 878149514Swollman# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 879149514Swollman# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 880149514Swollman# plan to change that law.... 881149514Swollman# 882158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 883158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 884149514Swollman# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 885149514Swollman# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 886149514Swollman# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 887149514Swollman# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 88821217Swollman# 889149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 890149514Swollman# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 891149514Swollman# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 892149514Swollman# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 893149514Swollman# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 894149514Swollman# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 895149514Swollman# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 896149514Swollman# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 897149514Swollman# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 898149514Swollman# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 899149514Swollman# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 900149514Swollman# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 901149514Swollman# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 902149514Swollman# 903158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 904158421Swollman# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 905158421Swollman# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 906158421Swollman# 907172479Sedwin# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 908172479Sedwin# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 909172479Sedwin# daylight saving time ... 910172479Sedwin# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 911172479Sedwin# 912174242Sedwin# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 913174242Sedwin# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 914174242Sedwin# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 915174242Sedwin# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 916174242Sedwin# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 917174242Sedwin# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 918174242Sedwin# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 919174242Sedwin# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 920174242Sedwin# 9212742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 922114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 923114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 924114173SwollmanRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 925114173SwollmanRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 926114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 927114173SwollmanRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 928114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 929114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 930114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 931114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 932114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 933114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 934114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 935114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 936114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 937114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 938114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 939158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 940158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 941172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 942172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 943172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 944172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 945172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 946172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 947172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 948172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 949172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 950172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 951172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 952172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 953172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 954172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 955172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 956172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 957172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 958172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 959172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 960172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 961172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 962172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 963172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 964172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 965172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 966172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 967172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 968172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 969172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 970172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 9712742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9722742SwollmanZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 97319878Swollman 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 974114173Swollman 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 97519878Swollman 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 97619878Swollman 3:30 Iran IR%sT 9772742Swollman 97864499Swollman 9792742Swollman# Iraq 98064499Swollman# 981149514Swollman# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 98264499Swollman# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 98375267Swollman# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 98464499Swollman# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 98564499Swollman# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 98664499Swollman# 98764499Swollman# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 98864499Swollman# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 98964499Swollman# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 99064499Swollman# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 99164499Swollman# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 99264499Swollman# 99364499Swollman# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 99464499Swollman 995177591Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 996177591Sedwin# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 997177591Sedwin# news sources (in Arabic): 998177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 999177591Sedwin# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 1000177591Sedwin# </a> 1001177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 1002177591Sedwin# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 1003177591Sedwin# </a> 1004177591Sedwin# 1005177591Sedwin# We have published a short article in English about the change: 1006177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 1007177591Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 1008177591Sedwin# </a> 1009177591Sedwin 10102742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10112742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 10122742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 10132742SwollmanRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 10142742SwollmanRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 101520094SwollmanRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 101620094SwollmanRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 101720094Swollman# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 1018158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 1019169811Swollman# 1020177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 1021177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 10222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10232742SwollmanZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 102419878Swollman 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 10252742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1982 May 10262742Swollman 3:00 Iraq A%sT 10272742Swollman 10282742Swollman 10292742Swollman############################################################################### 10302742Swollman 10312742Swollman# Israel 10322742Swollman 103375267Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 103475267Swollman# 103575267Swollman# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 103675267Swollman# different abbreviations in use: 103775267Swollman# 103875267Swollman# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 103975267Swollman# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 104075267Swollman# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 104175267Swollman# 104275267Swollman# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 104375267Swollman# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 104475267Swollman# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 104575267Swollman# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 104675267Swollman# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 104775267Swollman# settings in Israeli computers. 104875267Swollman# 104975267Swollman# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 105075267Swollman# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 105175267Swollman# family is from India). 10522742Swollman 1053158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 10542742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10552742SwollmanRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 10562742SwollmanRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 10572742SwollmanRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 10582742SwollmanRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 10592742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 10602742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 10612742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 10622742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 10632742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 10642742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 10652742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 10662742SwollmanRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 10672742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 10682742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 10692742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 10702742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 10712742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 10722742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 10732742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 10742742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 10752742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 10762742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 10772742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 10782742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 10792742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 10802742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 10812742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 10822742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 10832742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 10842742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 10852742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 10862742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 10872742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 10882742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 10892742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 10902742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 10912742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 10922742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 10932742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 10942742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 10952742Swollman 1096149514Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg 1097149514Swollman# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 1098149514Swollman# and 2005-02-17): 109930711Swollman 11002742Swollman# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 11012742Swollman# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 110243543Swollman# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 110343543Swollman# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 110443543Swollman# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 110543543Swollman# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 110643543Swollman# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 110743543Swollman# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 110843543Swollman# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 110964499Swollman# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 111064499Swollman# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 111143543Swollman# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 111264499Swollman# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 111364499Swollman# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 111464499Swollman# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 111564499Swollman# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 111664499Swollman# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 111764499Swollman# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 111864499Swollman# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 111964499Swollman# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 112064499Swollman# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 112164499Swollman# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 11222742Swollman 11232742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 11242742SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 112519878SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 11262742SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 112719878SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 11282742SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 112919878SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 11302742SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 113119878SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 11322742SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 113319878SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 11342742Swollman 113514343Swollman# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 113614343Swollman# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 113730711Swollman# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 11382742Swollman 113975267Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 114019878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 114119878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 114219878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 114319878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 11442742Swollman 114530711Swollman# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 114630711Swollman# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 114743014Swollman# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 114814343Swollman# 1149149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 115014343Swollman# 115143014Swollman# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 115230711Swollman# 115358787Sru# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 115443014Swollman# 1155149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 115643014Swollman# 115758787Sru# where YYYY is the relevant year. 11589908Swollman 115914343Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 116030711SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 116119878SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 116230711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 116330711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 116430711SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 116543014SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 116643543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 116743543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 116814343Swollman 116964499Swollman# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 117064499Swollman# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 117164499Swollman# years 2001-2004 as well. 117258787Sru# 117364499Swollman# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 117458787Sru# 1175149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 117664499Swollman# 117764499Swollman# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 117864499Swollman# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 117964499Swollman# 1180149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 118143014Swollman 118258787Sru# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 118358787SruRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 118464499SwollmanRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 118564499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 118664499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 118764499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 118864499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 118964499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 119064499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 119164499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 119264499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 119358787Sru 1194149514Swollman# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 1195149514Swollman# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 1196149514Swollman# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 1197149514Swollman# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 1198149514Swollman# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 1199149514Swollman# 1200149514Swollman# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 1201149514Swollman# 1202149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 120330711Swollman 1204242212Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26): 1205149514Swollman# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 1206149514Swollman# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 1207149514Swollman# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 1208242212Sedwin# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012. 1209149514Swollman# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 1210242212Sedwin# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule: 1211149514Swollman# 1212242212Sedwin# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1213149514Swollman# 1214149514Swollman# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1215149514Swollman# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1216149514Swollman# springtime transitions explicitly. 1217149514Swollman 1218149514Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1219149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1220149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1221149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1222149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1223149514SwollmanRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1224149514SwollmanRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1225149514SwollmanRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1226149514SwollmanRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1227149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1228149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1229242212SedwinRule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1230149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1231149514Swollman 1232253010Sedwin# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27): 1233253010Sedwin# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the 1234253010Sedwin# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading 1235253010Sedwin# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third 1236253010Sedwin# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013. 1237242212Sedwin# 1238253010Sedwin# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday 1239253010Sedwin# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October. 1240242212Sedwin 1241242212Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1242242212SedwinRule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1243253010SedwinRule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 1244242212Sedwin 12452742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1246253010SedwinZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 124719878Swollman 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 12482742Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 12492742Swollman 12502742Swollman 1251105196Swollman 12522742Swollman############################################################################### 12532742Swollman 12542742Swollman# Japan 12552742Swollman 12562742Swollman# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 12572742Swollman 1258149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 12599908Swollman# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 12609908Swollman# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 12619908Swollman# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1262149590Swollman 1263149590Swollman# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1264149590Swollman# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1265149590Swollman# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1266149590Swollman# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1267149590Swollman# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1268149590Swollman# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1269149590Swollman# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1270149590Swollman# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1271149590Swollman# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1272149590Swollman# wanted to keep it.) 1273149590Swollman 1274158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1275158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 12769908Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1277149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1278149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1279149590SwollmanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1280149590SwollmanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1281149590Swollman# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1282158421Swollman# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1283149590Swollman# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1284149590Swollman# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 12852742Swollman 128643543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 128743543Swollman# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 128843543Swollman# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 128943543Swollman# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 129043543Swollman# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 129143543Swollman# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 129243543Swollman# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 129343543Swollman 129443543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 129543543Swollman# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 129643543Swollman# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 129743543Swollman# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 129843543Swollman# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 129943543Swollman# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 130043543Swollman# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 130143543Swollman# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 130243543Swollman# standard.... 130343543Swollman# 130443543Swollman# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 130543543Swollman# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 130643543Swollman 1307158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1308158421Swollman# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1309158421Swollman# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 131043543Swollman 13112742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 131243543SwollmanZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 131343543Swollman 9:00 - JST 1896 131443543Swollman 9:00 - CJT 1938 1315149590Swollman 9:00 Japan J%sT 131643543Swollman# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 13172742Swollman 13182742Swollman# Jordan 131958787Sru# 132058787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 132158787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 132258787Sru# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 132358787Sru# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 132458787Sru# all year round. 132558787Sru# 132658787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 132758787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 132858787Sru# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 132958787Sru# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 133058787Sru# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 133158787Sru# government's departments from six to seven hours. 133258787Sru# 1333153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1334153670Swollman# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1335153670Swollman# 1336158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1337158421Swollman# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1338158421Swollman# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1339158421Swollman# 1340163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1341163302Sru# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1342163302Sru# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1343163302Sru# 1344190991Sedwin 1345190991Sedwin# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1346190991Sedwin# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1347190991Sedwin# Jordan. 1348190991Sedwin# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1349190991Sedwin# saving 1350190991Sedwin# time on the last Thursday in March. 1351190991Sedwin# 1352190991Sedwin# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1353190991Sedwin# 1354190991Sedwin# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1355190991Sedwin# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1356190991Sedwin# Please see 1357190991Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1358190991Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1359190991Sedwin# </a> 1360190991Sedwin 1361190991Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1362190991Sedwin# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1363190991Sedwin# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1364190991Sedwin# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1365190991Sedwin# </a> 1366190991Sedwin# 1367190991Sedwin# Google's translation: 1368190991Sedwin# 1369190991Sedwin# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1370190991Sedwin# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1371190991Sedwin# > of the month of March of each year. 1372190991Sedwin# 1373190991Sedwin# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1374190991Sedwin 1375190991Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1376190991Sedwin# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1377190991Sedwin 1378242212Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 1379242212Sedwin# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 1380242212Sedwin# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 1381242212Sedwin# until about the same time next year (at least). 1382242212Sedwin# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 1383242212Sedwin# 1384257682Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-21): 1385257682Sedwin# It's looking like this change will be permanent; see 1386257682Sedwin# Petra News Agency, Cancelling winter saved Jordan $7 million (2013-02-20) 1387257682Sedwin# <http://www.albawaba.com/business/jordan-winter-electricity--472005>. 1388257682Sedwin# So move Jordan to UTC+3 as of the abovementioned date. 1389242212Sedwin 13902742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 139175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 139275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 139375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 139475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 139575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 139675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 139775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 139875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 139975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 140075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 140175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 140275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 140375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 140475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 140575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 140675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 140775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 140875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 140975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 141075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 141158787SruRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1412190991SedwinRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1413190991SedwinRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1414257682SedwinRule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1415153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1416153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1417163302SruRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1418257682SedwinRule Jordan 2006 2012 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 14192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14202742SwollmanZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1421257682Sedwin 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 2012 Oct 26 0:00s 1422257682Sedwin 3:00 - AST 14232742Swollman 1424149514Swollman 14252742Swollman# Kazakhstan 1426149514Swollman 142720094Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1428149514Swollman# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 142920094Swollman# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 143020094Swollman# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 143120094Swollman# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 143220094Swollman# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1433149514Swollman 1434158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 143593799Swollman# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 143693799Swollman# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1437158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1438158421Swollman# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 143993799Swollman# 144093799Swollman# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 144193799Swollman# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 144293799Swollman# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1443149514Swollman 1444149514Swollman# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1445149514Swollman# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1446149514Swollman# </a> 1447149514Swollman# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1448149514Swollman# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1449149514Swollman# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 145093799Swollman# 1451149514Swollman# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1452149514Swollman# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1453149514Swollman# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1454149514Swollman# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1455149514Swollman# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1456149514Swollman# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1457149514Swollman# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1458149514Swollman# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1459149514Swollman# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1460149514Swollman 1461114173Swollman# 14622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 146393799Swollman# 146493799Swollman# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 146543014SwollmanZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 146693799Swollman 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 146793799Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 146893799Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1469149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1470149514Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 147193799Swollman# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 147293799SwollmanZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 147393799Swollman 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 147493799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 147593799Swollman 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 147693799Swollman 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 147793799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 147893799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 147993799Swollman 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1480149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1481149514Swollman 6:00 - QYZT 148293799Swollman# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 148320094SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 148493799Swollman 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 148593799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 148693799Swollman 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 148793799Swollman 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 148893799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 148993799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1490149514Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1491149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 149293799Swollman# Mangghystau 149393799Swollman# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 149493799Swollman# so include time stamps before 1963. 149593799SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 149693799Swollman 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 149793799Swollman 5:00 - FORT 1963 149893799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 149993799Swollman 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 150093799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 150193799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1502121098Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1503149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1504149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 150593799Swollman# West Kazakhstan 150693799SwollmanZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 150793799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 150893799Swollman 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 150993799Swollman 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 151093799Swollman 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 151193799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 151293799Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 151393799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1514149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1515149514Swollman 5:00 - ORAT 15162742Swollman 151767578Swollman# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1518158421Swollman# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1519149514Swollman 1520149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1521149514Swollman# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1522149514Swollman# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1523149514Swollman# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1524149514Swollman# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1525153670Swollman# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1526153670Swollman# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1527153670Swollman# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1528149514Swollman 152920094Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1530153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1531153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1532153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1533153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 15349908Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15359908SwollmanZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 153643014Swollman 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 153719878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 153858787Sru 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1539153670Swollman 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1540153670Swollman 6:00 - KGT 15419908Swollman 15422742Swollman############################################################################### 15432742Swollman 154443014Swollman# Korea (North and South) 15452742Swollman 1546163302Sru# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1547163302Sru# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1548163302Sru# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1549163302Sru# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1550163302Sru# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1551163302Sru# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 15522742Swollman 1553158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 15542742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 15552742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 15562742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1557158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1558158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 15592742Swollman 15602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15612742SwollmanZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 15622742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 15632742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 15642742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 15652742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 15662742Swollman 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 15672742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 15682742Swollman 9:00 ROK K%sT 15692742SwollmanZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 15702742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 15712742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 15722742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 15732742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 15742742Swollman 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 15752742Swollman 9:00 - KST 15762742Swollman 15772742Swollman############################################################################### 15782742Swollman 15792742Swollman# Kuwait 15802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1581169811Swollman# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1582169811Swollman# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1583169811Swollman# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1584169811Swollman# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1585169811Swollman# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1586169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1587169811Swollman# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1588169811Swollman# so for now we assume no DST. 15892742SwollmanZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 15902742Swollman 3:00 - AST 15912742Swollman 15922742Swollman# Laos 15932742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 159467578SwollmanZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 159519878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 15962742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 15972742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 15982742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 15992742Swollman 16002742Swollman# Lebanon 16012742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 160219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 16032742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 160419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 16052742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 160619878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 16072742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 160819878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 16092742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 161019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 16112742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 161219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 16132742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 161419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 161519878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 16162742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 161719878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 161820094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 161919878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 162019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 162120094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 162220094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 162320094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 162458787SruRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 162558787SruRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 16262742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16272742SwollmanZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 162819878Swollman 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 16292742Swollman 16302742Swollman# Malaysia 163119878Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 163286222SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 163319878SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 163486222Swollman# 1635136638Swollman# peninsular Malaysia 1636136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1637136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 16382742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1639136638SwollmanZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1640136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1641136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1642136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1643136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1644136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1645136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1646136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 164719878Swollman 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 164886222Swollman# Sabah & Sarawak 1649158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1650158421Swollman# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1651136638Swollman# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1652136638Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 165319878SwollmanZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 165419878Swollman 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1655136638Swollman 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1656136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1657136638Swollman 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 165819878Swollman 8:00 - MYT 16592742Swollman 16602742Swollman# Maldives 16612742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 166219878SwollmanZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 166319878Swollman 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 166419878Swollman 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 16652742Swollman 16662742Swollman# Mongolia 166758787Sru 1668158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1669158421Swollman# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 167017200Swollman# both say that it has just one. 167158787Sru 167258787Sru# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 167358787Sru# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 167458787Sru# General Information Mongolia 167558787Sru# </a> (1999-09) 167658787Sru# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 167758787Sru# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 167858787Sru# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 167958787Sru# eight hours." 168058787Sru 168158787Sru# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 168258787Sru# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 168358787Sru# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 168458787Sru# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 168558787Sru# of implementation may have been different.... 168658787Sru# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 168758787Sru# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 168858787Sru# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 168958787Sru 169058787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 169158787Sru# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 169258787Sru# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 169358787Sru# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 169458787Sru# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 169558787Sru# is good enough for our purposes. 169658787Sru 169786222Swollman# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 169886222Swollman# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 169986222Swollman# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 170086222Swollman# there are three time zones. 170186222Swollman# 170286222Swollman# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 170386222Swollman# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 170486222Swollman# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 170586222Swollman# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 170686222Swollman# 170786222Swollman# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 170886222Swollman 1709149514Swollman# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1710136638Swollman# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1711136638Swollman# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1712136638Swollman# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1713136638Swollman# 1714136638Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1715136638Swollman# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1716136638Swollman# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1717136638Swollman 1718149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1719149514Swollman# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1720149514Swollman# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1721149514Swollman# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1722149514Swollman# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1723149514Swollman# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1724149514Swollman# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1725149514Swollman# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1726149514Swollman# He also found 1727149514Swollman# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1728149514Swollman# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1729149514Swollman# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1730149514Swollman# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1731149514Swollman# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1732149514Swollman# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1733149514Swollman# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1734149514Swollman# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1735149514Swollman 1736169811Swollman# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1737169811Swollman# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1738169811Swollman# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1739169811Swollman# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1740169811Swollman 1741181418Sedwin# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1742181418Sedwin# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1743181418Sedwin# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1744181418Sedwin# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1745181418Sedwin# database on this, e.g.: 1746181418Sedwin# 1747181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1748181418Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1749181418Sedwin# </a> 1750181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1751181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1752181418Sedwin# </a> 1753181418Sedwin# 1754181418Sedwin# both say GMT+08:00. 1755181418Sedwin 1756181418Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1757181418Sedwin# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1758181418Sedwin# schedule here: 1759181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1760181418Sedwin# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1761181418Sedwin# </a> 1762181418Sedwin# (click the English flag for English) 1763181418Sedwin# 1764181418Sedwin# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1765181418Sedwin# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1766181418Sedwin# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1767181418Sedwin# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1768181418Sedwin# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1769181418Sedwin# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1770181418Sedwin 1771181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1772181418Sedwin# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1773181418Sedwin# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1774181418Sedwin# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1775181418Sedwin# this is almost surely wrong. 1776181418Sedwin 17772742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 177886222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 177986222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1780158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1781158421Swollman# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1782158421Swollman# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1783158421Swollman# 1784158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1785158421Swollman# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1786158421Swollman# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1787158421Swollman# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1788158421Swollman# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1789158421Swollman# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1790158421Swollman 1791158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1792158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 179358787Sru# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1794136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1795169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1796169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 179758787Sru 17982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 179986222Swollman# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 180058787SruZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 180158787Sru 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 180258787Sru 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 180386222Swollman# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 180458787SruZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 180558787Sru 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 180619878Swollman 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 180786222Swollman# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 180886222Swollman# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 180986222SwollmanZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 181086222Swollman 7:00 - ULAT 1978 181186222Swollman 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1812181418Sedwin 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1813181418Sedwin 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 18142742Swollman 18152742Swollman# Nepal 18162742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1817187588SedwinZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 18182742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1986 181919878Swollman 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 18202742Swollman 18212742Swollman# Oman 1822248310Sedwin 1823248310Sedwin# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 1824248310Sedwin 18252742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1826248310SedwinZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 18272742Swollman 4:00 - GST 18282742Swollman 18292742Swollman# Pakistan 183093799Swollman 183193799Swollman# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 183293799Swollman# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 183393799Swollman# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 183493799Swollman# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 183593799Swollman# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 183693799Swollman# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 183793799Swollman 183893799Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 183993799Swollman# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 184093799Swollman# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 184193799Swollman# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 184293799Swollman# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 184393799Swollman# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 184493799Swollman# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 184593799Swollman# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 184693799Swollman# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 184793799Swollman# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 184893799Swollman# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 184993799Swollman 1850114173Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1851114173Swollman# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1852114173Swollman# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1853114173Swollman 1854114173Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1855114173Swollman# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1856114173Swollman# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1857114173Swollman# 1858114173Swollman# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1859114173Swollman# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1860114173Swollman# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1861114173Swollman# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1862114173Swollman# 1863114173Swollman# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1864114173Swollman# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1865114173Swollman 1866181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1867240461Sedwin# 1868240461Sedwin# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1869181418Sedwin# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1870240461Sedwin# 1871240461Sedwin# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1872240461Sedwin# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1873240461Sedwin# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1874181418Sedwin# ...." 1875240461Sedwin# 1876181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1877181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1878181418Sedwin# </a> 1879181418Sedwin# OR 1880181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1881181418Sedwin# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1882181418Sedwin# </a> 1883114173Swollman 1884181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1885181418Sedwin# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1886181418Sedwin 1887183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1888183066Sedwin# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1889183066Sedwin# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1890183066Sedwin# instead of August 31. 1891183066Sedwin# 1892183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1893183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1894183066Sedwin# </a> 1895183066Sedwin# OR 1896183066Sedwin# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1897183066Sedwin# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1898183066Sedwin# </a> 1899183066Sedwin 1900191052Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1901191052Sedwin# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1902191052Sedwin# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1903191052Sedwin# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1904191052Sedwin# official working." 1905191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1906191052Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1907191052Sedwin# </a> 1908191052Sedwin# 1909191052Sedwin# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1910191052Sedwin# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1911191052Sedwin# 1912191052Sedwin# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1913191052Sedwin# April 08, 2009 1914191052Sedwin# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1915191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1916191052Sedwin# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1917191052Sedwin# </a> 1918191052Sedwin# 1919191052Sedwin# or 1920191052Sedwin# 1921191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1922191052Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1923191052Sedwin# </a> 1924191052Sedwin# 1925191052Sedwin# .... 1926191052Sedwin# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1927191052Sedwin# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1928191052Sedwin# conserve energy" 1929191052Sedwin 1930197597Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 1931197597Sedwin# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 1932197597Sedwin# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 1933197597Sedwin# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 1934197597Sedwin# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 1935240461Sedwin# this regard." 1936197597Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168"> 1937197597Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 1938197597Sedwin# </a> 1939191052Sedwin 1940198270Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 1941198270Sedwin# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1942198270Sedwin# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1943198270Sedwin# 1, 2009. 1944198270Sedwin# 1945198270Sedwin# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 1946198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2"> 1947198270Sedwin# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 1948198270Sedwin# </a> 1949198270Sedwin# or 1950198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm"> 1951198270Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 1952198270Sedwin# </a> 1953198270Sedwin 1954198270Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 1955198270Sedwin# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: 1956198270Sedwin# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1957198270Sedwin# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1958198270Sedwin# > 1, 2009. 1959198270Sedwin# 1960198270Sedwin# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 1961198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742"> 1962198270Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 1963198270Sedwin# </a> 1964198270Sedwin# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 1965198270Sedwin# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 1966198270Sedwin# Monday." 1967198270Sedwin# 1968198270Sedwin# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 1969198270Sedwin# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 1970198270Sedwin# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 1971198270Sedwin# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 1972198270Sedwin# 1973198270Sedwin# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 1974198270Sedwin# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 1975198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html"> 1976198270Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 1977198270Sedwin# </a> 1978198270Sedwin 1979198270Sedwin# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01): 1980198270Sedwin# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 1981198270Sedwin# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 1982198270Sedwin 1983206868Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 1984206868Sedwin# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 1985206868Sedwin# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 1986206868Sedwin# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 1987206868Sedwin# > 1988206868Sedwin# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 1989206868Sedwin# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 1990206868Sedwin# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 1991206868Sedwin# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 1992206868Sedwin# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 1993206868Sedwin# 1994206868Sedwin# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 1995206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041"> 1996206868Sedwin# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 1997206868Sedwin# </a> 1998206868Sedwin# 1999206868Sedwin# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 2000206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2"> 2001206868Sedwin# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 2002206868Sedwin# </a> 2003206868Sedwin 200493799Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2005114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 2006114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 2007181418SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 2008183066SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2009206868SedwinRule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 2010206868SedwinRule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2011206868Sedwin 20122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20132742SwollmanZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 20142742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 20152742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 20162742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 201719878Swollman 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 201893799Swollman 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 20192742Swollman 20202742Swollman# Palestine 202143014Swollman 2022149514Swollman# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 202343014Swollman# 202443014Swollman# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 202543014Swollman# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 202643014Swollman# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 202743014Swollman# 202843014Swollman# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 202943014Swollman# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 203043014Swollman# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 203143014Swollman# though. 203243014Swollman# 203343014Swollman# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 203443014Swollman# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 203543014Swollman# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 203643014Swollman# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 203743014Swollman# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 203843014Swollman# East Jerusalem. 203943014Swollman# 204043014Swollman# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 204143014Swollman# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 204243014Swollman# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 204343014Swollman# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 204443014Swollman# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 204543014Swollman# 204643014Swollman# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 204743014Swollman# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 204843014Swollman# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 204943014Swollman# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 205043014Swollman# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 205143014Swollman# Jordanian one). 205243014Swollman# 205343014Swollman# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 205443014Swollman# 205543014Swollman# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 205643014Swollman# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 205743014Swollman# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 205843014Swollman# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 205943014Swollman# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 206043014Swollman# 206143014Swollman# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 206243014Swollman# have one). 206343014Swollman 2064158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2065158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 206643014Swollman# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 206743014Swollman# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 206843014Swollman# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 206943014Swollman# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 207043014Swollman# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 207143014Swollman# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 207243014Swollman# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2073243020Sedwin# to Palestine's rules. 207443014Swollman 207543014Swollman# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 207643014Swollman# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 207743014Swollman# 207843014Swollman# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 207943014Swollman# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 208043014Swollman# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 208143014Swollman# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 208243014Swollman 208358787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 208458787Sru# Daoud Kuttab writes in 208558787Sru# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 208658787Sru# Holiday havoc 208758787Sru# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 208858787Sru# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 208958787Sru# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 209058787Sru# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 209158787Sru# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 209258787Sru 2093153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 2094153670Swollman# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 2095153670Swollman 2096158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 2097158421Swollman# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 2098158421Swollman# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 2099158421Swollman# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 2100158421Swollman# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 2101158421Swollman 2102163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 2103163302Sru# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 2104163302Sru# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 2105163302Sru# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 2106163302Sru# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 2107163302Sru# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 2108163302Sru# the West Bank. 2109163302Sru 2110163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 2111163302Sru# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 2112163302Sru# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 2113163302Sru# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 2114163302Sru# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 2115163302Sru# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 2116163302Sru# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 2117163302Sru# because of the Ramadan. 2118163302Sru 2119172479Sedwin# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 2120172479Sedwin# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 2121172479Sedwin# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 2122172479Sedwin 2123172479Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 2124172479Sedwin# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 2125172479Sedwin# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 2126172479Sedwin# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 2127172479Sedwin# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 2128172479Sedwin# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 2129172479Sedwin 2130183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 2131183066Sedwin# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 2132183066Sedwin# 2133183066Sedwin# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 2134183066Sedwin# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 2135183066Sedwin# 2136183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 2137183066Sedwin# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 2138183066Sedwin# </a> 2139183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 2140183066Sedwin# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 2141183066Sedwin# </a> 2142183066Sedwin# or 2143183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 2144183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 2145183066Sedwin# </a> 2146183066Sedwin 2147190991Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 2148190991Sedwin# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 2149190991Sedwin# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 2150190991Sedwin# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 2151190991Sedwin# 2152190991Sedwin# (in Arabic) 2153190991Sedwin# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 2154190991Sedwin# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 2155190991Sedwin# </a> 2156190991Sedwin# 2157190991Sedwin# or 2158190991Sedwin# (English translation) 2159190991Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 2160190991Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 2161190991Sedwin# </a> 2162190991Sedwin 2163197000Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 2164197000Sedwin# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 2165197000Sedwin# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 2166197000Sedwin# 2167197000Sedwin# One news source: 2168197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158"> 2169197000Sedwin# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 2170197000Sedwin# </a> 2171197000Sedwin# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 2172197000Sedwin# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 2173197000Sedwin# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 2174197000Sedwin# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 2175197000Sedwin# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 2176197000Sedwin# 2177197000Sedwin# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 2178197000Sedwin# end date, we will keep this page updated: 2179197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html"> 2180197000Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 2181197000Sedwin# </a> 2182197000Sedwin 2183197000Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 2184197000Sedwin# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 2185197000Sedwin# 2186197000Sedwin# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 2187197000Sedwin# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 2188197000Sedwin# 2189197000Sedwin# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 2190197000Sedwin# (from Palestinian National Authority): 2191197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2192197000Sedwin# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2193197000Sedwin# </a> 2194197000Sedwin# or 2195197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html> 2196197000Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 2197197000Sedwin# </a> 2198197000Sedwin 2199206219Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 2200206219Sedwin# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 2201206219Sedwin# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 2202206219Sedwin# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 2203206219Sedwin# 2204206219Sedwin# <a href="http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697"> 2205206219Sedwin# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 2206206219Sedwin# </a> 2207206219Sedwin# (in Arabic) 2208206219Sedwin# or 2209206219Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html"> 2210206219Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 2211206219Sedwin# </a> 2212206219Sedwin 2213206219Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 2214206219Sedwin# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 2215206219Sedwin# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 2216206219Sedwin# noon though: 2217206219Sedwin# 2218206219Sedwin# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178"> 2219206219Sedwin# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 2220206219Sedwin# </a> 2221206219Sedwin# (Ma'an News Agency) 2222206219Sedwin# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 2223206219Sedwin# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 2224206219Sedwin 2225211422Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 2226211422Sedwin# According to several sources, including 2227211422Sedwin# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795"> 2228211422Sedwin# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 2229211422Sedwin# </a> 2230240461Sedwin# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 2231211422Sedwin# Gaza and the West Bank. 2232211422Sedwin# Some more background info: 2233211422Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html"> 2234211422Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 2235211422Sedwin# </a> 2236211422Sedwin 2237226298Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 2238226298Sedwin# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 2239226298Sedwin# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 2240226298Sedwin# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 2241226298Sedwin# Ramadan. 2242226298Sedwin# 2243226298Sedwin# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217"> 2244226298Sedwin# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 2245226298Sedwin# </a> 2246226298Sedwin# Additional info: 2247226298Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html"> 2248226298Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 2249226298Sedwin# </a> 2250226298Sedwin 2251226298Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 2252226298Sedwin# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 2253226298Sedwin# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 2254226298Sedwin# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 2255226298Sedwin# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 2256226298Sedwin# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 2257226298Sedwin# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 2258226298Sedwin# ... 2259226298Sedwin# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650"> 2260226298Sedwin# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 2261226298Sedwin# </a> 2262226298Sedwin# or 2263226298Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html"> 2264226298Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 2265226298Sedwin# </a> 226658787Sru# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 2267226298Sedwin 2268226298Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 2269240461Sedwin# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 2270226298Sedwin# 00:00). 2271226298Sedwin# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 2272226298Sedwin# 2273226298Sedwin# Many sources, including: 2274226298Sedwin# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808"> 2275226298Sedwin# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 2276226298Sedwin# </a> 2277226298Sedwin 2278240461Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2279240461Sedwin# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 2280240461Sedwin# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 2281240461Sedwin# Some of many sources in Arabic: 2282240461Sedwin# <a href="http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638"> 2283240461Sedwin# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 2284240461Sedwin# </a> 2285240461Sedwin# 2286240461Sedwin# <a href="http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html"> 2287240461Sedwin# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 2288240461Sedwin# </a> 2289240461Sedwin# 2290240461Sedwin# Our brief summary: 2291240461Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html"> 2292240461Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 2293240461Sedwin# </a> 2294240461Sedwin 2295249696Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 2296249696Sedwin# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 2297249696Sedwin# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 2298249696Sedwin# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 2299249696Sedwin# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 2300249696Sedwin# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 2301240461Sedwin 2302257682Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 2303257682Sedwin# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 2304257682Sedwin# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 2305257682Sedwin# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 2306257682Sedwin# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 2307257682Sedwin# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 2308257682Sedwin# official source...: 2309257682Sedwin# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 2310257682Sedwin 2311257682Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24): 2312249696Sedwin# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through 2313257682Sedwin# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with 2314249696Sedwin# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, 2315249696Sedwin# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: 2316249696Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 2317249696Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 2318249696Sedwin 23192742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 232019878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 232117200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 232219878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 232320094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 232417200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 232520094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 232658787Sru 2327163302SruRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2328153670SwollmanRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2329153670SwollmanRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2330163302SruRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2331249696SedwinRule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2332163302SruRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2333183066SedwinRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2334249696SedwinRule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2335249696SedwinRule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 2336249696SedwinRule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 2337249696SedwinRule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2338211422SedwinRule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 2339249696SedwinRule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 2340249696SedwinRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 2341249696SedwinRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 2342249696SedwinRule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2343249696SedwinRule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2344257682SedwinRule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 2345257682SedwinRule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 234658787Sru 23472742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 23482742SwollmanZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 234943014Swollman 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 235043014Swollman 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 235143014Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 235258787Sru 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2353249696Sedwin 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 2354249696Sedwin 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 2355249696Sedwin 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 2356249696Sedwin 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 2357249696Sedwin 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 2358249696Sedwin 2:00 - EET 2012 2359249696Sedwin 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 23602742Swollman 2361226298SedwinZone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2362226298Sedwin 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2363226298Sedwin 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2364226298Sedwin 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2365226298Sedwin 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2366249696Sedwin 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2367226298Sedwin 236814343Swollman# Paracel Is 236914343Swollman# no information 237014343Swollman 23712742Swollman# Philippines 237275267Swollman# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 237375267Swollman# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 237475267Swollman# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 237575267Swollman# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 2376158421Swollman# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2377158421Swollman 2378158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2379158421Swollman# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2380158421Swollman# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2381158421Swollman# rainy season begins. See 2382158421Swollman# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 2383158421Swollman# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2384158421Swollman# 2385158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2386158421Swollman# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 2387158421Swollman# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 2388158421Swollman# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 2389158421Swollman# but no details] 2390158421Swollman 23912742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 239219878SwollmanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 239319878SwollmanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 239419878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 239519878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 239619878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 239719878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 23982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 239975267SwollmanZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 24002742Swollman 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 240119878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 24022742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 240319878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 24042742Swollman 24052742Swollman# Qatar 24062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 240767578SwollmanZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 24082742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 24092742Swollman 3:00 - AST 24102742Swollman 24112742Swollman# Saudi Arabia 24122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24132742SwollmanZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 24142742Swollman 3:00 - AST 24152742Swollman 24162742Swollman# Singapore 2417136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2418136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 24192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2420136638SwollmanZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2421136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2422136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2423136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2424136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2425136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2426136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 242719878Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2428136638Swollman 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 24292742Swollman 8:00 - SGT 24302742Swollman 243114343Swollman# Spratly Is 243214343Swollman# no information 243314343Swollman 24342742Swollman# Sri Lanka 2435248310Sedwin 2436248310Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2437248310Sedwin# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 2438248310Sedwin# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 2439248310Sedwin# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 2440248310Sedwin# Shanks and Pottenger. 2441248310Sedwin 244219878Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 244358787Sru# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 244458787Sru# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 244558787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 244619878Swollman# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 244719878Swollman# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 244830711Swollman# 244930711Swollman# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 245043014Swollman# by Shamindra in 245143014Swollman# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 245243014Swollman# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 245343014Swollman# </a>: 245430711Swollman# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 245530711Swollman# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 245619878Swollman 2457158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2458158421Swollman# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2459158421Swollman# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2460158421Swollman# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2461158421Swollman 2462158421Swollman# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 2463158421Swollman# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 2464158421Swollman# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2465158421Swollman# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2466158421Swollman# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2467158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2468177591Sedwin# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2469158421Swollman# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2470158421Swollman 2471158421Swollman# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2472158421Swollman# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2473158421Swollman# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2474158421Swollman# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2475158421Swollman# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2476158421Swollman# 2477158421Swollman# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 2478158421Swollman# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2479158421Swollman# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2480158421Swollman# 2481158421Swollman# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2482158421Swollman# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2483158421Swollman# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2484158421Swollman# item.... 2485158421Swollman# 2486158421Swollman# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2487158421Swollman# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2488158421Swollman# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2489158421Swollman# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2490158421Swollman# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2491158421Swollman# 2492158421Swollman# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2493158421Swollman# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2494158421Swollman# all computers. 2495158421Swollman 2496158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2497158421Swollman# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2498158421Swollman# and then see what people actually say in practice. 2499158421Swollman 25002742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25012742SwollmanZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 250243014Swollman 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 25032742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 25042742Swollman 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 25052742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 250619878Swollman 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 250730711Swollman 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2508158421Swollman 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 2509158421Swollman 5:30 - IST 25102742Swollman 25112742Swollman# Syria 25122742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 251319878SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 25142742SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 251519878SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 25162742SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 251719878SwollmanRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 25182742SwollmanRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 25192742SwollmanRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 25202742SwollmanRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 252119878SwollmanRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 25222742SwollmanRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 252319878SwollmanRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 25242742SwollmanRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 252519878SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 25262742SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 252719878SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 25282742SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 252919878SwollmanRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 25302742SwollmanRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 253119878SwollmanRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 253219878SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 25332742SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 253420094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 253520094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 253620094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 253720094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 253820094SwollmanRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 253920094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 254020094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 254158787Sru# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 254258787Sru# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 254358787Sru# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2544163302Sru# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2545163302Sru# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2546163302Sru# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 254758787SruRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2548163302SruRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 254958787SruRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2550169811SwollmanRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2551163302Sru# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2552163302Sru# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2553163302Sru# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2554163302SruRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2555169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2556169811Swollman# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2557169811Swollman# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2558177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2559173319Sedwin# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2560173319Sedwin# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2561253010Sedwin# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 2562253010Sedwin# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 2563173319Sedwin# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2564173319Sedwin# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2565173319Sedwin# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2566240461Sedwin# 2567173319Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2568173319Sedwin# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2569240461Sedwin# 2570173319Sedwin# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2571173319Sedwin# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2572240461Sedwin# 2573173319Sedwin# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2574173319Sedwin# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2575240461Sedwin# 2576173319Sedwin# which using Google's translate tools says: 2577240461Sedwin# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2578240461Sedwin# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2579173319Sedwin# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2580177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2581177591Sedwin 2582177591Sedwin# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2583177591Sedwin# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2584177591Sedwin# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2585177591Sedwin# are now using: 2586177591Sedwin# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2587177591Sedwin# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2588177591Sedwin# Variation 2589177591Sedwin# Syrian Arab 2590177591Sedwin# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2591177591Sedwin# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2592177591Sedwin# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2593177591Sedwin 2594177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2595177591Sedwin# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2596177591Sedwin# Agency (SANA)... 2597177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2598177591Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2599177591Sedwin# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2600177591Sedwin# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2601177591Sedwin# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2602177591Sedwin# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2603177591Sedwin# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2604177591Sedwin 2605177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2606177591Sedwin# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2607177591Sedwin# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2608177591Sedwin# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2609177591Sedwin# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2610177591Sedwin 2611183864Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2612183864Sedwin# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2613183864Sedwin# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2614183864Sedwin# 2615183864Sedwin# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2616183864Sedwin# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2617183864Sedwin# clocks back 60 minutes). 2618183864Sedwin# 2619183864Sedwin# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2620183864Sedwin# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2621183864Sedwin# </a> 2622183864Sedwin 2623190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2624190372Sedwin# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2625190372Sedwin# two examples: 2626190372Sedwin# 2627190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2628190372Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2629190372Sedwin# </a> 2630190372Sedwin# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2631190372Sedwin# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2632190372Sedwin# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2633190372Sedwin# </a> 2634190372Sedwin# (Arabic, gov-site) 2635190372Sedwin# 2636190372Sedwin# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2637190372Sedwin# 2638190372Sedwin# Our summary 2639190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2640190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2641190372Sedwin# </a> 2642190372Sedwin 2643198825Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 2644240461Sedwin# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 2645240461Sedwin# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 2646198825Sedwin# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 2647198825Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm"> 2648198825Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 2649198825Sedwin# </a> 2650198825Sedwin 2651198825Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 2652198825Sedwin# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 2653198825Sedwin# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 2654198825Sedwin# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 2655198825Sedwin 2656205475Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 2657205475Sedwin# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 2658205475Sedwin# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 2659205475Sedwin# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 2660205475Sedwin# <a href="http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421"> 2661205475Sedwin# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 2662205475Sedwin# </a> 2663205475Sedwin 2664240461Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2665240461Sedwin# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 2666240461Sedwin# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 2667240461Sedwin# 2668240461Sedwin# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 2669240461Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm"> 2670240461Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 2671240461Sedwin# </a> 2672240461Sedwin# 2673240461Sedwin# Our brief summary: 2674240461Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html"> 2675240461Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 2676240461Sedwin# </a> 2677240461Sedwin 2678240461Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 2679240461Sedwin# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 2680240461Sedwin 2681190372SedwinRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2682198825SedwinRule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2683205475SedwinRule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2684240461SedwinRule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2685240461SedwinRule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2686198825SedwinRule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 2687177591Sedwin 26882742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 268967578SwollmanZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 269019878Swollman 2:00 Syria EE%sT 26912742Swollman 26922742Swollman# Tajikistan 2693158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 26942742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26952742SwollmanZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 269643014Swollman 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 269719878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 269858787Sru 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 269919878Swollman 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 27002742Swollman 27012742Swollman# Thailand 27022742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27032742SwollmanZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 270419878Swollman 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 27052742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 27062742Swollman 27072742Swollman# Turkmenistan 2708158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 27092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 271067578SwollmanZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 271143014Swollman 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 271258787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 271358787Sru 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2714158421Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 271543014Swollman 5:00 - TMT 27162742Swollman 27172742Swollman# United Arab Emirates 27182742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27192742SwollmanZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 27202742Swollman 4:00 - GST 27212742Swollman 27222742Swollman# Uzbekistan 27232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 272443014SwollmanZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 272543014Swollman 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 272643014Swollman 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 272743014Swollman 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2728158421Swollman 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2729158421Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 273058787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 273143014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 27322742SwollmanZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 273343014Swollman 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2734158421Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 273558787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 273658787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 273743014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 27382742Swollman 27392742Swollman# Vietnam 2740158421Swollman 2741248310Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2742248310Sedwin# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 2743248310Sedwin# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 2744248310Sedwin# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 2745248310Sedwin# and Pottenger. 2746248310Sedwin 2747177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2748177591Sedwin# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2749177591Sedwin# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2750158421Swollman 2751158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 27522742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2753177591SedwinZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 275419878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 27552742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 27562742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 27572742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 27582742Swollman 27592742Swollman# Yemen 2760248310Sedwin 2761248310Sedwin# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 2762248310Sedwin# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 2763248310Sedwin 27642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2765248310SedwinZone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 27662742Swollman 3:00 - AST 2767