asia revision 204887
1204887Sedwin# @(#)asia 8.55 2192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 464499Swollman 52742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 62742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 72742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 82742Swollman 9158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 102742Swollman# 112742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 142742Swollman# 1586222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1620094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1720094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1820094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1920094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 2020094Swollman# 21158421Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 22158421Swollman# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2320094Swollman# 242742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 252742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 262742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 272742Swollman# 282742Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 2958787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 302742Swollman# 312742Swollman# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 322742Swollman# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 332742Swollman# Corrections are welcome! 34114173Swollman# std dst 35114173Swollman# LMT Local Mean Time 36114173Swollman# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 37114173Swollman# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 38114173Swollman# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 39114173Swollman# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 40114173Swollman# 4:00 GST Gulf* 41114173Swollman# 5:30 IST India 42114173Swollman# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 43114173Swollman# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 44114173Swollman# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 45114173Swollman# 8:00 CST China 46114173Swollman# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 47114173Swollman# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 48149590Swollman# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 49149590Swollman# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 50114173Swollman# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 512742Swollman# 529908Swollman# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 532742Swollman 542742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 552742Swollman# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 562742Swollman# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 572742Swollman# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 582742Swollman# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 592742Swollman 602742Swollman############################################################################### 612742Swollman 6220094Swollman# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 632742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6420094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 65158421SwollmanRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6620094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6720094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6820094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 6920094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 7020094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 7120094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 7220094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7320094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7420094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 7520094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 7620094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7720094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7820094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 792742Swollman 802742Swollman# Afghanistan 812742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 822742SwollmanZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 8319878Swollman 4:00 - AFT 1945 842742Swollman 4:30 - AFT 852742Swollman 862742Swollman# Armenia 87158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 88158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 89158421Swollman# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 90158421Swollman# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 91158421Swollman# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 92153670Swollman# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9343014Swollman# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 9443014Swollman# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 9543014Swollman# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 972742SwollmanZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 9819878Swollman 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 9919878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10019878Swollman 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 10158787Sru 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 10243014Swollman 4:00 - AMT 1997 10375267Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1042742Swollman 1052742Swollman# Azerbaijan 106153670Swollman# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 107153670Swollman# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 108153670Swollman# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 10943014Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 110153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 111153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1132742SwollmanZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 11419878Swollman 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 11519878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11619878Swollman 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 117149514Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 11820094Swollman 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 11943014Swollman 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 12043014Swollman 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 1212742Swollman 1222742Swollman# Bahrain 1232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12467578SwollmanZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 1252742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1262742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1272742Swollman 1282742Swollman# Bangladesh 129193785Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 130193785Sedwin# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 131193785Sedwin# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 132193785Sedwin# 133193785Sedwin# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 134193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 135193785Sedwin# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 136193785Sedwin# </a> 137193785Sedwin# or 138193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 139193785Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 140193785Sedwin# </a> 141193785Sedwin# 142193785Sedwin# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 143193785Sedwin# June 144193785Sedwin# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 145193785Sedwin# crippling power crisis. " 146193785Sedwin# 147193785Sedwin# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 148193785Sedwin# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 149193785Sedwin 150193785Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 151193785Sedwin# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 152193785Sedwin# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 153193785Sedwin# 154193785Sedwin# Some sources: 155193785Sedwin# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 156193785Sedwin# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 157193785Sedwin# </a> 158193785Sedwin# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 159193785Sedwin# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 160193785Sedwin# </a> 161193785Sedwin# 162193785Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 163193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 164193785Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 165193785Sedwin# </a> 166193785Sedwin 167194485Sedwin# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 168194485Sedwin# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 169194485Sedwin# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 170194485Sedwin# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 171194485Sedwin# 172194485Sedwin# No DST end date has been announced yet. 173193785Sedwin 174198270Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 175198270Sedwin# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 176198270Sedwin# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 177198270Sedwin# 178198270Sedwin# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 179198270Sedwin# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 180198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021"> 181198270Sedwin# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 182198270Sedwin# </a> 183198270Sedwin# or 184198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html"> 185198270Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 186198270Sedwin# </a> 187196581Sedwin 188198270Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 189198270Sedwin# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 190198270Sedwin# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 191198270Sedwin# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 192198270Sedwin# "continue for an indefinite period." 193198270Sedwin# 194198270Sedwin# One of many places where it is published: 195198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html"> 196198270Sedwin# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 197198270Sedwin# </a> 198198270Sedwin 199201189Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 200201189Sedwin# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 201201189Sedwin# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 202201189Sedwin# 203201189Sedwin# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 204201189Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228"> 205201189Sedwin# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 206201189Sedwin# </a> 207201189Sedwin# and 208201189Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html"> 209201189Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 210201189Sedwin# </a> 211201189Sedwin# 212201189Sedwin# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 213201189Sedwin# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 214201189Sedwin# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 215201189Sedwin# Minister's Office last night..." 216201189Sedwin 217201189Sedwin# From Danvin Ruangchan (2009-12-24): 218201189Sedwin# ...the news mentions DST will be turned off again 7 months after March 219201189Sedwin# 31st on Oct 31, 2010. 220201189Sedwin 221201189Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-12-26): 222201189Sedwin# Indeed, "The government will advance again the Banglasdesh Standard 223201189Sedwin# Time by one one hour on March 31 next year by enforcing the Daylight 224201189Sedwin# Saving Time (DST) for seven months. It will continue till October 31 225201189Sedwin# until further notice." I take that last sentence as the 226201189Sedwin# establishment of a rule. 227201189Sedwin 228204887Sedwin# From Nobutomo Nakano (2010-02-19): 229204887Sedwin# We received a report from Bangladesh saying that the start/end of 230204887Sedwin# Bangladesh DST is incorrect. Currently we have only the Bengali version 231204887Sedwin# of the official mail from BTRC which describes the following: 232204887Sedwin# 233204887Sedwin# "From 2010 each year when local standard time is about to reach 234204887Sedwin# March 31 at 10:59:00 PM clocks are turned forward 1 hour (11:59:00 PM) 235204887Sedwin# and when local daylight time is about to October 31 at 11:59:00 PM 236204887Sedwin# clocks are turned backward 1 hour (10:59:00 PM)." 237204887Sedwin# 238204887Sedwin# So, DST will start/end 1 minute earlier. 239204887Sedwin 240204887Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2010-03-03): 241204887Sedwin# The file 242204887Sedwin# <a href=http://www.cabinet.gov/bd/file_upload/news_events/en_169.pdf> 243204887Sedwin# http://www.cabinet.gov/bd/file_upload/news_events/en_169.pdf 244204887Sedwin# </a> 245204887Sedwin# is in Bengali; it does contain two "31"s as well as two "11.59"s and a "10.59" 246204887Sedwin# which is consistent with the information provided by Nobutomo Nakano. 247204887Sedwin 248201189Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 249202606SedwinRule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S 250204887SedwinRule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 - 251204887SedwinRule Dhaka 2010 max - Mar 31 22:59 1:00 S 252204887SedwinRule Dhaka 2010 max - Oct 31 23:59 0 - 253201189Sedwin 2542742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25575267SwollmanZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 25619878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 25719878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 2582742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 25919878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 26019878Swollman 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 261201189Sedwin 6:00 - BDT 2009 262201189Sedwin 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT 2632742Swollman 2642742Swollman# Bhutan 2652742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26667578SwollmanZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 2672742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 26819878Swollman 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 2692742Swollman 2702742Swollman# British Indian Ocean Territory 27186222Swollman# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 27286222Swollman# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 273149514Swollman# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 274149514Swollman# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 275149514Swollman# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 2762742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 277149514SwollmanZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 278149514Swollman 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 27986222Swollman 6:00 - IOT 2802742Swollman 2812742Swollman# Brunei 2822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2832742SwollmanZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 2842742Swollman 7:30 - BNT 1933 2852742Swollman 8:00 - BNT 2862742Swollman 28714343Swollman# Burma / Myanmar 2882742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 28917200SwollmanZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 29019878Swollman 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 29119878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 2922742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 29319878Swollman 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 2942742Swollman 2952742Swollman# Cambodia 2962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2972742SwollmanZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 29819878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2992742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 3002742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 3012742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 3022742Swollman 30343014Swollman# China 3042742Swollman 3052742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 3062742Swollman# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 3072742Swollman 30819878Swollman# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 30919878Swollman# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 3102742Swollman# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 3112742Swollman# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 3122742Swollman# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 31393799Swollman# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 3142742Swollman# 3152742Swollman# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 3162742Swollman# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 3172742Swollman# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 3182742Swollman# 3192742Swollman# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 3202742Swollman# 1987 mid-April - ?? 3212742Swollman 32219878Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 3232742Swollman# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 3242742Swollman# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 3252742Swollman 326158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 327158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 328158421Swollman# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 329158421Swollman# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 3302742Swollman# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 331158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 332158421Swollman# pre-1980 time zones. 3332742Swollman 334158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 3352742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3362742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 3372742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 3382742SwollmanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 3392742SwollmanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 34014343SwollmanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 34114343SwollmanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 342163302Sru 34393799Swollman# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 34493799Swollman# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 34593799Swollman# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 346163302Sru# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 347169811Swollman# 348163302Sru# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 349163302Sru# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 350163302Sru# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 351163302Sru# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 352163302Sru# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 353163302Sru# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 354163302Sru# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 355163302Sru# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 356163302Sru# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 357163302Sru# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 358163302Sru 359181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 360181421Sedwin# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 361181421Sedwin# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 362181421Sedwin# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 363181421Sedwin# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 364181421Sedwin# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 365181421Sedwin# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 366181421Sedwin# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 367181421Sedwin# 368181421Sedwin# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 369181421Sedwin# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 370181421Sedwin# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 371181421Sedwin# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 372181421Sedwin# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 373181421Sedwin# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 374181421Sedwin# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 375181421Sedwin# 376181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 377181421Sedwin# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 378181421Sedwin# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 379181421Sedwin# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 380181421Sedwin# Shanks & Pottenger. 381163302Sru 382163302Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 38393799Swollman# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 384163302Sru# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 38567578SwollmanZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 38693799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 38714343Swollman 8:00 - CST 1940 38893799Swollman 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 38993799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 39014343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 39193799Swollman# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 392163302Sru# most of China 3932742SwollmanZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 3942742Swollman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 3952742Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 39693799Swollman# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 397163302Sru# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 398163302Sru# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 399163302Sru# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 400163302Sru# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 40186222SwollmanZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 40293799Swollman 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 40314343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 40493799Swollman# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 405163302Sru# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 406163302Sru# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 407163302Sru# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 408163302Sru# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 409163302Sru# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 410163302Sru# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 411163302Sru# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 412163302Sru# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 41367578SwollmanZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 41419878Swollman 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 41514343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 41693799Swollman# Kunlun Time 417163302Sru# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 418163302Sru# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 419163302Sru# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 420163302Sru# and Yarkand. 421200835Sedwin 422200835Sedwin# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 423200835Sedwin# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 424200835Sedwin# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 425200835Sedwin# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 426200835Sedwin# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 427200835Sedwin# they implicitly use Beijing time. 428200835Sedwin# 429200835Sedwin# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 430200835Sedwin# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 431200835Sedwin# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang 432200835Sedwin# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 433200835Sedwin# local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in 434200835Sedwin# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 435200835Sedwin# "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 436200835Sedwin# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 437200835Sedwin# 438200835Sedwin# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 439200835Sedwin# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 440200835Sedwin# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 441200835Sedwin# 442200835Sedwin# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 443200835Sedwin# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 444200835Sedwin# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 445200835Sedwin# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 446200835Sedwin# others moving their clocks ahead.) 447200835Sedwin# 448200835Sedwin# ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time. 449200835Sedwin# 450200835Sedwin# The first few lines of the Google translation of 451200835Sedwin# <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39"> 452200835Sedwin# http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39 453200835Sedwin# </a> 454200835Sedwin# (retrieved 2009-10-13) 455200835Sedwin# > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least 456200835Sedwin# > 500 million yuan 457200835Sedwin# > 458200835Sedwin# > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20), 459200835Sedwin# > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River 460200835Sedwin# > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men 461200835Sedwin# > have worked continuously for 22 hours... 462200835Sedwin 463200835Sedwin# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 464200835Sedwin# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 465200835Sedwin# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 466200835Sedwin# 467200835Sedwin# 1. Wulumuqi... 468200835Sedwin# 2. Kashi... 469200835Sedwin# 3. Urumqi... 470200835Sedwin# 4. Kashgar... 471200835Sedwin# ... 472200835Sedwin# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 473200835Sedwin# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 474200835Sedwin# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 475200835Sedwin# 476200835Sedwin# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 477200835Sedwin# start date for Xinjiang time. 478200835Sedwin# 479200835Sedwin# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 480200835Sedwin# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 481200835Sedwin# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 482200835Sedwin# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 483200835Sedwin 48467578SwollmanZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 48519878Swollman 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 48619878Swollman 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 48714343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 48893799Swollman 489198825Sedwin 490198825Sedwin# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 491200835Sedwin# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 492200835Sedwin# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 493198825Sedwin# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 494198825Sedwin# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 495198825Sedwin# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 496198825Sedwin# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 497198825Sedwin# obtained from 498198825Sedwin# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 499198825Sedwin# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 500198825Sedwin# </a>. 501198825Sedwin 502198825Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 503198825Sedwin# Here are the dates given at 504198825Sedwin# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 505198825Sedwin# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 506198825Sedwin# </a> 507198825Sedwin# as of 2009-10-28: 508198825Sedwin# Year Period 509198825Sedwin# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep 510198825Sedwin# 1942 Whole year 511198825Sedwin# 1943 Whole year 512198825Sedwin# 1944 Whole year 513198825Sedwin# 1945 Whole year 514198825Sedwin# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 515198825Sedwin# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec 516198825Sedwin# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 517198825Sedwin# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 518198825Sedwin# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 519198825Sedwin# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 520198825Sedwin# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct 521198825Sedwin# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 522198825Sedwin# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 523198825Sedwin# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 524198825Sedwin# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 525198825Sedwin# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 526198825Sedwin# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 527198825Sedwin# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 528198825Sedwin# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 529198825Sedwin# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 530198825Sedwin# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 531198825Sedwin# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 532198825Sedwin# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 533198825Sedwin# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 534198825Sedwin# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 535198825Sedwin# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 536198825Sedwin# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 537198825Sedwin# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 538198825Sedwin# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 539198825Sedwin# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 540198825Sedwin# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 541198825Sedwin# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 542198825Sedwin# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 543198825Sedwin# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 544198825Sedwin# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 545198825Sedwin# 1977 Nil 546198825Sedwin# 1978 Nil 547198825Sedwin# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 548198825Sedwin# 1980 to Now Nil 549198825Sedwin# The page does not give start or end times of day. 550198825Sedwin# The page does not give a start date for 1942. 551198825Sedwin# The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 552198825Sedwin# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 553198825Sedwin# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 554198825Sedwin# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 555198825Sedwin 55667578Swollman# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 5572742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 558198825SedwinRule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 559198825SedwinRule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 5602742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 5612742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 5622742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 5632742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 5642742SwollmanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 565198825SedwinRule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 566198825SedwinRule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 5672742SwollmanRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 5682742SwollmanRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 5692742SwollmanRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 5702742SwollmanRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 5712742SwollmanRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 5722742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 5732742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 574198825SedwinRule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 575198825SedwinRule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 576198825SedwinRule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 5772742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5782742SwollmanZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 579198825Sedwin 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 580198825Sedwin 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 58158787Sru 8:00 HK HK%sT 5822742Swollman 58330711Swollman############################################################################### 58430711Swollman 58543014Swollman# Taiwan 58630711Swollman 587158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 58843543Swollman# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 58943543Swollman# have any other information. 59043543Swollman 59130711Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 59230711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 59330711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 59430711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 59530711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 59630711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 59730711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 59830711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 59930711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 60030711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 60130711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 60230711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 60330711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 60486222SwollmanZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 60530711Swollman 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 60630711Swollman 60793799Swollman# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 6082742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 60993799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 61093799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 61193799SwollmanRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 61293799SwollmanRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 61393799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 61493799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 61593799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 61693799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 61793799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 61893799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 61993799SwollmanRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 62093799SwollmanRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 62193799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 62293799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 6232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 62493799SwollmanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 62593799Swollman 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 62619878Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 6272742Swollman 6282742Swollman 6292742Swollman############################################################################### 6302742Swollman 6312742Swollman# Cyprus 6322742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 63319878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 6342742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 63519878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 6362742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 63719878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 6382742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 6392742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 64043543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 64143543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6422742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6432742SwollmanZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 64443543Swollman 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 64558787Sru 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 64643543Swollman# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 6472742Swollman 64867578Swollman# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 64967578Swollman# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 65067578SwollmanLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 65167578Swollman 6522742Swollman# Georgia 653149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 6549908Swollman# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 6559908Swollman# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 6569908Swollman# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 65714343Swollman# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 65814343Swollman# 659149514Swollman# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 66020094Swollman# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 66120094Swollman# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 66220094Swollman# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 663136638Swollman# 664136638Swollman# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 665149514Swollman# 666136638Swollman# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 667136638Swollman# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 668136638Swollman# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 669136638Swollman# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 670136638Swollman# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 671136638Swollman# of integration into Europe. 672136638Swollman 673153670Swollman# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 674153670Swollman# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 675153670Swollman# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 676153670Swollman# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 677153670Swollman# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 678153670Swollman# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 679153670Swollman# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 680153670Swollman# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 681153670Swollman# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 682153670Swollman 683153670Swollman 6842742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6852742SwollmanZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 68619878Swollman 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 68719878Swollman 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 68819878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 68919878Swollman 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 69020094Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 69120094Swollman 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 69220094Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 69343543Swollman 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 694136638Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 695153670Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 696153670Swollman 4:00 - GET 6972742Swollman 69858787Sru# East Timor 69975267Swollman 700169811Swollman# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 701169811Swollman 70275267Swollman# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 70375267Swollman# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 70475267Swollman# East Timor may be late for its millennium 70575267Swollman# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 70675267Swollman# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 70775267Swollman# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 70875267Swollman# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 70975267Swollman# conflicts with their way of life. 71075267Swollman 71175267Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 71275267Swollman# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 71375267Swollman# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 71475267Swollman 71575267Swollman# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 71675267Swollman# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 71775267Swollman# (2000-08-16)</a>: 71875267Swollman# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 71975267Swollman# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 72075267Swollman# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 72175267Swollman# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 72275267Swollman 72358787Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 72458787SruZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 725149514Swollman 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 726169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 727149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 72886222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 729149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 73058787Sru 7312742Swollman# India 7322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 733177591SedwinZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 73419878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 73519878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 7362742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 7372742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 7382742Swollman 5:30 - IST 739177591Sedwin# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 7402742Swollman# Andaman Is 7412742Swollman# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 7422742Swollman# Nicobar Is 7432742Swollman 7442742Swollman# Indonesia 74586222Swollman# 746158421Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 74786222Swollman# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 74886222Swollman# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 74986222Swollman# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 75086222Swollman# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 75186222Swollman# 752169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 753169811Swollman# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 754169811Swollman# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 755169811Swollman# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 756169811Swollman# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 757169811Swollman# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 758169811Swollman# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 759169811Swollman# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 760169811Swollman# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 761169811Swollman# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 762169811Swollman# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 763169811Swollman# switched on 1945-09-23. 764169811Swollman# 7652742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7662742SwollmanZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 767158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 76858787Sru# but this must be a typo. 76958787Sru 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 77019878Swollman 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 77186222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 772169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 77386222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 77486222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 77586222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 77686222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 77786222SwollmanZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 77886222Swollman 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 77986222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 780169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 78186222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 78286222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 78386222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 78486222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 78586222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 78693799SwollmanZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 78719878Swollman 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 78886222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 789169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 79086222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 7912742SwollmanZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 792169811Swollman 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 7932742Swollman 9:30 - CST 1964 79486222Swollman 9:00 - EIT 7952742Swollman 7962742Swollman# Iran 797114173Swollman 798114173Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 799114173Swollman# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 800114173Swollman# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 80121217Swollman# 802114173Swollman# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 803114173Swollman# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 80421217Swollman# 805114173Swollman# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 806114173Swollman# 807114173Swollman# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 808114173Swollman# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 809114173Swollman# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 810114173Swollman# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 811114173Swollman# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 812114173Swollman# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 813114173Swollman# 814114173Swollman# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 815114173Swollman# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 816114173Swollman# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 817114173Swollman# Shahrivar. 818114173Swollman# 819114173Swollman# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 820114173Swollman# 821114173Swollman# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 822114173Swollman# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 823114173Swollman# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 824114173Swollman# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 825114173Swollman# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 826114173Swollman# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 827149514Swollman# 828149514Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 829149514Swollman# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 830149514Swollman# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 831149514Swollman# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 832149514Swollman# plan to change that law.... 833149514Swollman# 834158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 835158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 836149514Swollman# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 837149514Swollman# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 838149514Swollman# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 839149514Swollman# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 84021217Swollman# 841149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 842149514Swollman# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 843149514Swollman# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 844149514Swollman# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 845149514Swollman# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 846149514Swollman# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 847149514Swollman# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 848149514Swollman# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 849149514Swollman# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 850149514Swollman# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 851149514Swollman# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 852149514Swollman# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 853149514Swollman# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 854149514Swollman# 855158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 856158421Swollman# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 857158421Swollman# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 858158421Swollman# 859172479Sedwin# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 860172479Sedwin# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 861172479Sedwin# daylight saving time ... 862172479Sedwin# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 863172479Sedwin# 864174242Sedwin# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 865174242Sedwin# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 866174242Sedwin# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 867174242Sedwin# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 868174242Sedwin# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 869174242Sedwin# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 870174242Sedwin# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 871174242Sedwin# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 872174242Sedwin# 8732742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 874114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 875114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 876114173SwollmanRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 877114173SwollmanRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 878114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 879114173SwollmanRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 880114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 881114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 882114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 883114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 884114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 885114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 886114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 887114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 888114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 889114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 890114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 891158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 892158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 893172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 894172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 895172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 896172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 897172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 898172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 899172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 900172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 901172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 902172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 903172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 904172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 905172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 906172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 907172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 908172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 909172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 910172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 911172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 912172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 913172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 914172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 915172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 916172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 917172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 918172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 919172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 920172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 921172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 922172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 9232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9242742SwollmanZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 92519878Swollman 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 926114173Swollman 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 92719878Swollman 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 92819878Swollman 3:30 Iran IR%sT 9292742Swollman 93064499Swollman 9312742Swollman# Iraq 93264499Swollman# 933149514Swollman# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 93464499Swollman# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 93575267Swollman# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 93664499Swollman# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 93764499Swollman# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 93864499Swollman# 93964499Swollman# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 94064499Swollman# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 94164499Swollman# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 94264499Swollman# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 94364499Swollman# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 94464499Swollman# 94564499Swollman# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 94664499Swollman 947177591Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 948177591Sedwin# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 949177591Sedwin# news sources (in Arabic): 950177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 951177591Sedwin# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 952177591Sedwin# </a> 953177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 954177591Sedwin# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 955177591Sedwin# </a> 956177591Sedwin# 957177591Sedwin# We have published a short article in English about the change: 958177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 959177591Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 960177591Sedwin# </a> 961177591Sedwin 9622742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 9632742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 9642742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 9652742SwollmanRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 9662742SwollmanRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 96720094SwollmanRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 96820094SwollmanRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 96920094Swollman# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 970158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 971169811Swollman# 972177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 973177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 9742742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9752742SwollmanZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 97619878Swollman 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 9772742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1982 May 9782742Swollman 3:00 Iraq A%sT 9792742Swollman 9802742Swollman 9812742Swollman############################################################################### 9822742Swollman 9832742Swollman# Israel 9842742Swollman 98575267Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 98675267Swollman# 98775267Swollman# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 98875267Swollman# different abbreviations in use: 98975267Swollman# 99075267Swollman# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 99175267Swollman# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 99275267Swollman# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 99375267Swollman# 99475267Swollman# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 99575267Swollman# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 99675267Swollman# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 99775267Swollman# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 99875267Swollman# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 99975267Swollman# settings in Israeli computers. 100075267Swollman# 100175267Swollman# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 100275267Swollman# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 100375267Swollman# family is from India). 10042742Swollman 1005158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 10062742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10072742SwollmanRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 10082742SwollmanRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 10092742SwollmanRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 10102742SwollmanRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 10112742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 10122742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 10132742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 10142742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 10152742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 10162742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 10172742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 10182742SwollmanRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 10192742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 10202742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 10212742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 10222742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 10232742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 10242742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 10252742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 10262742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 10272742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 10282742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 10292742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 10302742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 10312742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 10322742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 10332742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 10342742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 10352742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 10362742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 10372742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 10382742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 10392742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 10402742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 10412742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 10422742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 10432742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 10442742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 10452742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 10462742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 10472742Swollman 1048149514Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg 1049149514Swollman# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 1050149514Swollman# and 2005-02-17): 105130711Swollman 10522742Swollman# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 10532742Swollman# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 105443543Swollman# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 105543543Swollman# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 105643543Swollman# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 105743543Swollman# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 105843543Swollman# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 105943543Swollman# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 106043543Swollman# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 106164499Swollman# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 106264499Swollman# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 106343543Swollman# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 106464499Swollman# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 106564499Swollman# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 106664499Swollman# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 106764499Swollman# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 106864499Swollman# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 106964499Swollman# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 107064499Swollman# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 107164499Swollman# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 107264499Swollman# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 107364499Swollman# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 10742742Swollman 10752742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10762742SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 107719878SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 10782742SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 107919878SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 10802742SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 108119878SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 10822742SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 108319878SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 10842742SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 108519878SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 10862742Swollman 108714343Swollman# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 108814343Swollman# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 108930711Swollman# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 10902742Swollman 109175267Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 109219878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 109319878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 109419878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 109519878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 10962742Swollman 109730711Swollman# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 109830711Swollman# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 109943014Swollman# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 110014343Swollman# 1101149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 110214343Swollman# 110343014Swollman# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 110430711Swollman# 110558787Sru# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 110643014Swollman# 1107149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 110843014Swollman# 110958787Sru# where YYYY is the relevant year. 11109908Swollman 111114343Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111230711SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 111319878SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 111430711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 111530711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 111630711SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 111743014SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 111843543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 111943543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 112014343Swollman 112164499Swollman# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 112264499Swollman# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 112364499Swollman# years 2001-2004 as well. 112458787Sru# 112564499Swollman# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 112658787Sru# 1127149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 112864499Swollman# 112964499Swollman# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 113064499Swollman# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 113164499Swollman# 1132149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 113343014Swollman 113458787Sru# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 113558787SruRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 113664499SwollmanRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 113764499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 113864499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 113964499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 114064499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 114164499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 114264499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 114364499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 114464499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 114558787Sru 1146149514Swollman# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 1147149514Swollman# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 1148149514Swollman# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 1149149514Swollman# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 1150149514Swollman# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 1151149514Swollman# 1152149514Swollman# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 1153149514Swollman# 1154149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 115530711Swollman 1156149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 1157149514Swollman# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 1158149514Swollman# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 1159149514Swollman# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 1160149514Swollman# to generate the transitions in this list. 1161149514Swollman# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 1162149514Swollman# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 1163149514Swollman# 1164149514Swollman# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1165149514Swollman# 1166149514Swollman# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1167149514Swollman# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1168149514Swollman# springtime transitions explicitly. 1169149514Swollman 1170149514Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1171149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1172149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1173149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1174149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1175149514SwollmanRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1176149514SwollmanRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1177149514SwollmanRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1178149514SwollmanRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1179149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1180149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1181149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1182149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1183149514SwollmanRule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 1184149514SwollmanRule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1185149514SwollmanRule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 1186149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1187149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1188149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1189149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1190149514SwollmanRule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1191149514SwollmanRule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1192149514SwollmanRule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1193149514SwollmanRule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1194149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1195149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1196149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1197149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1198149514SwollmanRule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1199149514SwollmanRule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1200149514SwollmanRule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 1201149514SwollmanRule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 1202149514SwollmanRule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1203149514SwollmanRule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1204149514SwollmanRule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1205149514SwollmanRule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 1206149514SwollmanRule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1207149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1208149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1209149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1210149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 1211149514SwollmanRule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 1212149514SwollmanRule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1213149514SwollmanRule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 1214149514Swollman 12152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 121614343SwollmanZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 121719878Swollman 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 12182742Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 12192742Swollman 12202742Swollman 1221105196Swollman 12222742Swollman############################################################################### 12232742Swollman 12242742Swollman# Japan 12252742Swollman 12262742Swollman# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 12272742Swollman 1228149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 12299908Swollman# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 12309908Swollman# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 12319908Swollman# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1232149590Swollman 1233149590Swollman# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1234149590Swollman# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1235149590Swollman# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1236149590Swollman# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1237149590Swollman# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1238149590Swollman# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1239149590Swollman# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1240149590Swollman# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1241149590Swollman# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1242149590Swollman# wanted to keep it.) 1243149590Swollman 1244158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1245158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 12469908Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1247149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1248149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1249149590SwollmanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1250149590SwollmanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1251149590Swollman# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1252158421Swollman# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1253149590Swollman# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1254149590Swollman# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 12552742Swollman 125643543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 125743543Swollman# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 125843543Swollman# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 125943543Swollman# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 126043543Swollman# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 126143543Swollman# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 126243543Swollman# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 126343543Swollman 126443543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 126543543Swollman# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 126643543Swollman# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 126743543Swollman# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 126843543Swollman# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 126943543Swollman# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 127043543Swollman# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 127143543Swollman# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 127243543Swollman# standard.... 127343543Swollman# 127443543Swollman# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 127543543Swollman# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 127643543Swollman 1277158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1278158421Swollman# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1279158421Swollman# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 128043543Swollman 12812742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 128243543SwollmanZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 128343543Swollman 9:00 - JST 1896 128443543Swollman 9:00 - CJT 1938 1285149590Swollman 9:00 Japan J%sT 128643543Swollman# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 12872742Swollman 12882742Swollman# Jordan 128958787Sru# 129058787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 129158787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 129258787Sru# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 129358787Sru# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 129458787Sru# all year round. 129558787Sru# 129658787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 129758787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 129858787Sru# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 129958787Sru# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 130058787Sru# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 130158787Sru# government's departments from six to seven hours. 130258787Sru# 1303153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1304153670Swollman# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1305153670Swollman# 1306158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1307158421Swollman# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1308158421Swollman# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1309158421Swollman# 1310163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1311163302Sru# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1312163302Sru# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1313163302Sru# 1314190991Sedwin 1315190991Sedwin# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1316190991Sedwin# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1317190991Sedwin# Jordan. 1318190991Sedwin# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1319190991Sedwin# saving 1320190991Sedwin# time on the last Thursday in March. 1321190991Sedwin# 1322190991Sedwin# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1323190991Sedwin# 1324190991Sedwin# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1325190991Sedwin# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1326190991Sedwin# Please see 1327190991Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1328190991Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1329190991Sedwin# </a> 1330190991Sedwin 1331190991Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1332190991Sedwin# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1333190991Sedwin# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1334190991Sedwin# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1335190991Sedwin# </a> 1336190991Sedwin# 1337190991Sedwin# Google's translation: 1338190991Sedwin# 1339190991Sedwin# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1340190991Sedwin# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1341190991Sedwin# > of the month of March of each year. 1342190991Sedwin# 1343190991Sedwin# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1344190991Sedwin 1345190991Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1346190991Sedwin# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1347190991Sedwin 13482742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 134975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 135075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 135175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 135275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 135375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 135475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 135575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 135675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 135775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 135875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 135975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 136075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 136175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 136275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 136375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 136475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 136575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 136675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 136775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 136875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 136958787SruRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1370190991SedwinRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1371190991SedwinRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1372192886SedwinRule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1373153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1374153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1375163302SruRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1376163302SruRule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 13772742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13782742SwollmanZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 137919878Swollman 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 13802742Swollman 1381149514Swollman 13822742Swollman# Kazakhstan 1383149514Swollman 138420094Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1385149514Swollman# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 138620094Swollman# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 138720094Swollman# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 138820094Swollman# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 138920094Swollman# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1390149514Swollman 1391158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 139293799Swollman# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 139393799Swollman# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1394158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1395158421Swollman# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 139693799Swollman# 139793799Swollman# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 139893799Swollman# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 139993799Swollman# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1400149514Swollman 1401149514Swollman# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1402149514Swollman# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1403149514Swollman# </a> 1404149514Swollman# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1405149514Swollman# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1406149514Swollman# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 140793799Swollman# 1408149514Swollman# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1409149514Swollman# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1410149514Swollman# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1411149514Swollman# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1412149514Swollman# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1413149514Swollman# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1414149514Swollman# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1415149514Swollman# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1416149514Swollman# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1417149514Swollman 1418114173Swollman# 14192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 142093799Swollman# 142193799Swollman# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 142243014SwollmanZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 142393799Swollman 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 142493799Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 142593799Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1426149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1427149514Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 142893799Swollman# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 142993799SwollmanZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 143093799Swollman 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 143193799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 143293799Swollman 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 143393799Swollman 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 143493799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 143593799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 143693799Swollman 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1437149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1438149514Swollman 6:00 - QYZT 143993799Swollman# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 144020094SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 144193799Swollman 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 144293799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 144393799Swollman 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 144493799Swollman 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 144593799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 144693799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1447149514Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1448149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 144993799Swollman# Mangghystau 145093799Swollman# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 145193799Swollman# so include time stamps before 1963. 145293799SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 145393799Swollman 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 145493799Swollman 5:00 - FORT 1963 145593799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 145693799Swollman 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 145793799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 145893799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1459121098Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1460149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1461149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 146293799Swollman# West Kazakhstan 146393799SwollmanZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 146493799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 146593799Swollman 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 146693799Swollman 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 146793799Swollman 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 146893799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 146993799Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 147093799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1471149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1472149514Swollman 5:00 - ORAT 14732742Swollman 147467578Swollman# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1475158421Swollman# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1476149514Swollman 1477149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1478149514Swollman# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1479149514Swollman# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1480149514Swollman# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1481149514Swollman# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1482153670Swollman# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1483153670Swollman# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1484153670Swollman# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1485149514Swollman 148620094Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1487153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1488153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1489153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1490153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 14919908Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14929908SwollmanZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 149343014Swollman 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 149419878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 149558787Sru 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1496153670Swollman 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1497153670Swollman 6:00 - KGT 14989908Swollman 14992742Swollman############################################################################### 15002742Swollman 150143014Swollman# Korea (North and South) 15022742Swollman 1503163302Sru# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1504163302Sru# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1505163302Sru# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1506163302Sru# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1507163302Sru# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1508163302Sru# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 15092742Swollman 1510158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 15112742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 15122742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 15132742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1514158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1515158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 15162742Swollman 15172742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15182742SwollmanZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 15192742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 15202742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 15212742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 15222742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 15232742Swollman 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 15242742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 15252742Swollman 9:00 ROK K%sT 15262742SwollmanZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 15272742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 15282742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 15292742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 15302742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 15312742Swollman 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 15322742Swollman 9:00 - KST 15332742Swollman 15342742Swollman############################################################################### 15352742Swollman 15362742Swollman# Kuwait 15372742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1538169811Swollman# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1539169811Swollman# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1540169811Swollman# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1541169811Swollman# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1542169811Swollman# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1543169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1544169811Swollman# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1545169811Swollman# so for now we assume no DST. 15462742SwollmanZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 15472742Swollman 3:00 - AST 15482742Swollman 15492742Swollman# Laos 15502742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 155167578SwollmanZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 155219878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 15532742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 15542742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 15552742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 15562742Swollman 15572742Swollman# Lebanon 15582742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 155919878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 15602742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 156119878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 15622742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 156319878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 15642742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 156519878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 15662742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 156719878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 15682742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 156919878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 15702742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 157119878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 157219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 15732742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 157419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 157520094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 157619878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 157719878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 157820094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 157920094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 158020094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 158158787SruRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 158258787SruRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 15832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15842742SwollmanZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 158519878Swollman 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 15862742Swollman 15872742Swollman# Malaysia 158819878Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 158986222SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 159019878SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 159186222Swollman# 1592136638Swollman# peninsular Malaysia 1593136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1594136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 15952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1596136638SwollmanZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1597136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1598136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1599136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1600136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1601136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1602136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1603136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 160419878Swollman 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 160586222Swollman# Sabah & Sarawak 1606158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1607158421Swollman# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1608136638Swollman# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1609136638Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 161019878SwollmanZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 161119878Swollman 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1612136638Swollman 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1613136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1614136638Swollman 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 161519878Swollman 8:00 - MYT 16162742Swollman 16172742Swollman# Maldives 16182742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 161919878SwollmanZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 162019878Swollman 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 162119878Swollman 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 16222742Swollman 16232742Swollman# Mongolia 162458787Sru 1625158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1626158421Swollman# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 162717200Swollman# both say that it has just one. 162858787Sru 162958787Sru# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 163058787Sru# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 163158787Sru# General Information Mongolia 163258787Sru# </a> (1999-09) 163358787Sru# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 163458787Sru# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 163558787Sru# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 163658787Sru# eight hours." 163758787Sru 163858787Sru# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 163958787Sru# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 164058787Sru# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 164158787Sru# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 164258787Sru# of implementation may have been different.... 164358787Sru# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 164458787Sru# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 164558787Sru# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 164658787Sru 164758787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 164858787Sru# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 164958787Sru# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 165058787Sru# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 165158787Sru# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 165258787Sru# is good enough for our purposes. 165358787Sru 165486222Swollman# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 165586222Swollman# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 165686222Swollman# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 165786222Swollman# there are three time zones. 165886222Swollman# 165986222Swollman# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 166086222Swollman# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 166186222Swollman# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 166286222Swollman# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 166386222Swollman# 166486222Swollman# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 166586222Swollman 1666149514Swollman# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1667136638Swollman# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1668136638Swollman# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1669136638Swollman# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1670136638Swollman# 1671136638Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1672136638Swollman# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1673136638Swollman# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1674136638Swollman 1675149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1676149514Swollman# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1677149514Swollman# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1678149514Swollman# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1679149514Swollman# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1680149514Swollman# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1681149514Swollman# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1682149514Swollman# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1683149514Swollman# He also found 1684149514Swollman# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1685149514Swollman# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1686149514Swollman# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1687149514Swollman# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1688149514Swollman# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1689149514Swollman# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1690149514Swollman# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1691149514Swollman# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1692149514Swollman 1693169811Swollman# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1694169811Swollman# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1695169811Swollman# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1696169811Swollman# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1697169811Swollman 1698181418Sedwin# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1699181418Sedwin# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1700181418Sedwin# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1701181418Sedwin# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1702181418Sedwin# database on this, e.g.: 1703181418Sedwin# 1704181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1705181418Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1706181418Sedwin# </a> 1707181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1708181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1709181418Sedwin# </a> 1710181418Sedwin# 1711181418Sedwin# both say GMT+08:00. 1712181418Sedwin 1713181418Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1714181418Sedwin# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1715181418Sedwin# schedule here: 1716181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1717181418Sedwin# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1718181418Sedwin# </a> 1719181418Sedwin# (click the English flag for English) 1720181418Sedwin# 1721181418Sedwin# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1722181418Sedwin# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1723181418Sedwin# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1724181418Sedwin# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1725181418Sedwin# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1726181418Sedwin# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1727181418Sedwin 1728181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1729181418Sedwin# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1730181418Sedwin# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1731181418Sedwin# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1732181418Sedwin# this is almost surely wrong. 1733181418Sedwin 17342742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 173586222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 173686222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1737158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1738158421Swollman# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1739158421Swollman# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1740158421Swollman# 1741158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1742158421Swollman# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1743158421Swollman# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1744158421Swollman# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1745158421Swollman# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1746158421Swollman# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1747158421Swollman 1748158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1749158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 175058787Sru# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1751136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1752169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1753169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 175458787Sru 17552742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 175686222Swollman# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 175758787SruZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 175858787Sru 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 175958787Sru 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 176086222Swollman# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 176158787SruZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 176258787Sru 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 176319878Swollman 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 176486222Swollman# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 176586222Swollman# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 176686222SwollmanZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 176786222Swollman 7:00 - ULAT 1978 176886222Swollman 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1769181418Sedwin 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1770181418Sedwin 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 17712742Swollman 17722742Swollman# Nepal 17732742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1774187588SedwinZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 17752742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1986 177619878Swollman 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 17772742Swollman 17782742Swollman# Oman 17792742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17802742SwollmanZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 17812742Swollman 4:00 - GST 17822742Swollman 17832742Swollman# Pakistan 178493799Swollman 178593799Swollman# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 178693799Swollman# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 178793799Swollman# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 178893799Swollman# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 178993799Swollman# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 179093799Swollman# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 179193799Swollman 179293799Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 179393799Swollman# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 179493799Swollman# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 179593799Swollman# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 179693799Swollman# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 179793799Swollman# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 179893799Swollman# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 179993799Swollman# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 180093799Swollman# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 180193799Swollman# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 180293799Swollman# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 180393799Swollman 1804114173Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1805114173Swollman# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1806114173Swollman# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1807114173Swollman 1808114173Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1809114173Swollman# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1810114173Swollman# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1811114173Swollman# 1812114173Swollman# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1813114173Swollman# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1814114173Swollman# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1815114173Swollman# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1816114173Swollman# 1817114173Swollman# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1818114173Swollman# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1819114173Swollman 1820181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1821181418Sedwin# 1822181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1823181418Sedwin# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1824181418Sedwin# 1825181418Sedwin# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1826181418Sedwin# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1827181418Sedwin# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1828181418Sedwin# ...." 1829181418Sedwin# 1830181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1831181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1832181418Sedwin# </a> 1833181418Sedwin# OR 1834181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1835181418Sedwin# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1836181418Sedwin# </a> 1837114173Swollman 1838181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1839181418Sedwin# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1840181418Sedwin 1841183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1842183066Sedwin# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1843183066Sedwin# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1844183066Sedwin# instead of August 31. 1845183066Sedwin# 1846183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1847183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1848183066Sedwin# </a> 1849183066Sedwin# OR 1850183066Sedwin# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1851183066Sedwin# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1852183066Sedwin# </a> 1853183066Sedwin 1854191052Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1855191052Sedwin# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1856191052Sedwin# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1857191052Sedwin# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1858191052Sedwin# official working." 1859191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1860191052Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1861191052Sedwin# </a> 1862191052Sedwin# 1863191052Sedwin# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1864191052Sedwin# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1865191052Sedwin# 1866191052Sedwin# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1867191052Sedwin# April 08, 2009 1868191052Sedwin# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1869191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1870191052Sedwin# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1871191052Sedwin# </a> 1872191052Sedwin# 1873191052Sedwin# or 1874191052Sedwin# 1875191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1876191052Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1877191052Sedwin# </a> 1878191052Sedwin# 1879191052Sedwin# .... 1880191052Sedwin# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1881191052Sedwin# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1882191052Sedwin# conserve energy" 1883191052Sedwin 1884197597Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 1885197597Sedwin# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 1886197597Sedwin# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 1887197597Sedwin# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 1888197597Sedwin# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 1889197597Sedwin# this regard." 1890197597Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168"> 1891197597Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 1892197597Sedwin# </a> 1893191052Sedwin 1894198270Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 1895198270Sedwin# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1896198270Sedwin# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1897198270Sedwin# 1, 2009. 1898198270Sedwin# 1899198270Sedwin# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 1900198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2"> 1901198270Sedwin# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 1902198270Sedwin# </a> 1903198270Sedwin# or 1904198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm"> 1905198270Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 1906198270Sedwin# </a> 1907198270Sedwin 1908198270Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 1909198270Sedwin# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: 1910198270Sedwin# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1911198270Sedwin# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1912198270Sedwin# > 1, 2009. 1913198270Sedwin# 1914198270Sedwin# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 1915198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742"> 1916198270Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 1917198270Sedwin# </a> 1918198270Sedwin# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 1919198270Sedwin# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 1920198270Sedwin# Monday." 1921198270Sedwin# 1922198270Sedwin# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 1923198270Sedwin# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 1924198270Sedwin# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 1925198270Sedwin# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 1926198270Sedwin# 1927198270Sedwin# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 1928198270Sedwin# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 1929198270Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html"> 1930198270Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 1931198270Sedwin# </a> 1932198270Sedwin 1933198270Sedwin# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01): 1934198270Sedwin# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 1935198270Sedwin# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 1936198270Sedwin 193793799Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1938114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1939114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1940181418SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1941183066SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1942198270SedwinRule Pakistan 2009 max - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1943198270SedwinRule Pakistan 2009 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 19442742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 19452742SwollmanZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 19462742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 19472742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 19482742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 194919878Swollman 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 195093799Swollman 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 19512742Swollman 19522742Swollman# Palestine 195343014Swollman 1954149514Swollman# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 195543014Swollman# 195643014Swollman# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 195743014Swollman# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 195843014Swollman# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 195943014Swollman# 196043014Swollman# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 196143014Swollman# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 196243014Swollman# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 196343014Swollman# though. 196443014Swollman# 196543014Swollman# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 196643014Swollman# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 196743014Swollman# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 196843014Swollman# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 196943014Swollman# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 197043014Swollman# East Jerusalem. 197143014Swollman# 197243014Swollman# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 197343014Swollman# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 197443014Swollman# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 197543014Swollman# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 197643014Swollman# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 197743014Swollman# 197843014Swollman# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 197943014Swollman# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 198043014Swollman# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 198143014Swollman# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 198243014Swollman# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 198343014Swollman# Jordanian one). 198443014Swollman# 198543014Swollman# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 198643014Swollman# 198743014Swollman# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 198843014Swollman# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 198943014Swollman# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 199043014Swollman# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 199143014Swollman# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 199243014Swollman# 199343014Swollman# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 199443014Swollman# have one). 199543014Swollman 1996158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1997158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 199843014Swollman# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 199943014Swollman# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 200043014Swollman# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 200143014Swollman# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 200243014Swollman# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 200343014Swollman# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 200443014Swollman# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 200543014Swollman# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 200643014Swollman# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 200743014Swollman 200843014Swollman# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 200943014Swollman# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 201043014Swollman# 201143014Swollman# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 201243014Swollman# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 201343014Swollman# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 201443014Swollman# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 201543014Swollman 201658787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 201758787Sru# Daoud Kuttab writes in 201858787Sru# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 201958787Sru# Holiday havoc 202058787Sru# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 202158787Sru# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 202258787Sru# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 202358787Sru# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 202458787Sru# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 202558787Sru 2026153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 2027153670Swollman# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 2028153670Swollman 2029158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 2030158421Swollman# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 2031158421Swollman# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 2032158421Swollman# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 2033158421Swollman# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 2034158421Swollman 2035163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 2036163302Sru# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 2037163302Sru# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 2038163302Sru# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 2039163302Sru# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 2040163302Sru# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 2041163302Sru# the West Bank. 2042163302Sru 2043163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 2044163302Sru# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 2045163302Sru# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 2046163302Sru# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 2047163302Sru# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 2048163302Sru# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 2049163302Sru# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 2050163302Sru# because of the Ramadan. 2051163302Sru 2052172479Sedwin# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 2053172479Sedwin# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 2054172479Sedwin# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 2055172479Sedwin 2056172479Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 2057172479Sedwin# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 2058172479Sedwin# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 2059172479Sedwin# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 2060172479Sedwin# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 2061172479Sedwin# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 2062172479Sedwin 2063183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 2064183066Sedwin# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 2065183066Sedwin# 2066183066Sedwin# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 2067183066Sedwin# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 2068183066Sedwin# 2069183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 2070183066Sedwin# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 2071183066Sedwin# </a> 2072183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 2073183066Sedwin# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 2074183066Sedwin# </a> 2075183066Sedwin# or 2076183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 2077183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 2078183066Sedwin# </a> 2079183066Sedwin 2080190991Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 2081190991Sedwin# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 2082190991Sedwin# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 2083190991Sedwin# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 2084190991Sedwin# 2085190991Sedwin# (in Arabic) 2086190991Sedwin# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 2087190991Sedwin# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 2088190991Sedwin# </a> 2089190991Sedwin# 2090190991Sedwin# or 2091190991Sedwin# (English translation) 2092190991Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 2093190991Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 2094190991Sedwin# </a> 2095190991Sedwin 2096197000Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 2097197000Sedwin# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 2098197000Sedwin# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 2099197000Sedwin# 2100197000Sedwin# One news source: 2101197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158"> 2102197000Sedwin# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 2103197000Sedwin# </a> 2104197000Sedwin# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 2105197000Sedwin# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 2106197000Sedwin# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 2107197000Sedwin# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 2108197000Sedwin# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 2109197000Sedwin# 2110197000Sedwin# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 2111197000Sedwin# end date, we will keep this page updated: 2112197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html"> 2113197000Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 2114197000Sedwin# </a> 2115197000Sedwin 2116197000Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 2117197000Sedwin# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 2118197000Sedwin# 2119197000Sedwin# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 2120197000Sedwin# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 2121197000Sedwin# 2122197000Sedwin# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 2123197000Sedwin# (from Palestinian National Authority): 2124197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2125197000Sedwin# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2126197000Sedwin# </a> 2127197000Sedwin# or 2128197000Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html> 2129197000Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 2130197000Sedwin# </a> 2131197000Sedwin 213258787Sru# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 21332742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 213419878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 213517200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 213619878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 213720094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 213817200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 213920094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 214058787Sru 2141163302SruRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2142153670SwollmanRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2143153670SwollmanRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2144163302SruRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2145190991SedwinRule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2146163302SruRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2147183066SedwinRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2148190991SedwinRule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 2149190991SedwinRule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2150197000SedwinRule Palestine 2009 max - Sep Fri>=1 2:00 0 - 215158787Sru 21522742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21532742SwollmanZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 215443014Swollman 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 215543014Swollman 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 215643014Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 215758787Sru 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 215858787Sru 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 21592742Swollman 216014343Swollman# Paracel Is 216114343Swollman# no information 216214343Swollman 21632742Swollman# Philippines 216475267Swollman# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 216575267Swollman# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 216675267Swollman# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 216775267Swollman# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 2168158421Swollman# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2169158421Swollman 2170158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2171158421Swollman# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2172158421Swollman# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2173158421Swollman# rainy season begins. See 2174158421Swollman# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 2175158421Swollman# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2176158421Swollman# 2177158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2178158421Swollman# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 2179158421Swollman# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 2180158421Swollman# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 2181158421Swollman# but no details] 2182158421Swollman 21832742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 218419878SwollmanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 218519878SwollmanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 218619878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 218719878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 218819878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 218919878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 21902742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 219175267SwollmanZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 21922742Swollman 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 219319878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 21942742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 219519878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 21962742Swollman 21972742Swollman# Qatar 21982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 219967578SwollmanZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 22002742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 22012742Swollman 3:00 - AST 22022742Swollman 22032742Swollman# Saudi Arabia 22042742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 22052742SwollmanZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 22062742Swollman 3:00 - AST 22072742Swollman 22082742Swollman# Singapore 2209136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2210136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 22112742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2212136638SwollmanZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2213136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2214136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2215136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2216136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2217136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2218136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 221919878Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2220136638Swollman 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 22212742Swollman 8:00 - SGT 22222742Swollman 222314343Swollman# Spratly Is 222414343Swollman# no information 222514343Swollman 22262742Swollman# Sri Lanka 222719878Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 222858787Sru# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 222958787Sru# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 223058787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 223119878Swollman# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 223219878Swollman# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 223330711Swollman# 223430711Swollman# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 223543014Swollman# by Shamindra in 223643014Swollman# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 223743014Swollman# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 223843014Swollman# </a>: 223930711Swollman# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 224030711Swollman# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 224119878Swollman 2242158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2243158421Swollman# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2244158421Swollman# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2245158421Swollman# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2246158421Swollman 2247158421Swollman# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 2248158421Swollman# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 2249158421Swollman# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2250158421Swollman# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2251158421Swollman# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2252158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2253177591Sedwin# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2254158421Swollman# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2255158421Swollman 2256158421Swollman# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2257158421Swollman# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2258158421Swollman# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2259158421Swollman# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2260158421Swollman# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2261158421Swollman# 2262158421Swollman# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 2263158421Swollman# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2264158421Swollman# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2265158421Swollman# 2266158421Swollman# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2267158421Swollman# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2268158421Swollman# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2269158421Swollman# item.... 2270158421Swollman# 2271158421Swollman# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2272158421Swollman# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2273158421Swollman# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2274158421Swollman# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2275158421Swollman# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2276158421Swollman# 2277158421Swollman# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2278158421Swollman# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2279158421Swollman# all computers. 2280158421Swollman 2281158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2282158421Swollman# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2283158421Swollman# and then see what people actually say in practice. 2284158421Swollman 22852742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 22862742SwollmanZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 228743014Swollman 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 22882742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 22892742Swollman 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 22902742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 229119878Swollman 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 229230711Swollman 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2293158421Swollman 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 2294158421Swollman 5:30 - IST 22952742Swollman 22962742Swollman# Syria 22972742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 229819878SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 22992742SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 230019878SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 23012742SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 230219878SwollmanRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 23032742SwollmanRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 23042742SwollmanRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 23052742SwollmanRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 230619878SwollmanRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 23072742SwollmanRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 230819878SwollmanRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 23092742SwollmanRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 231019878SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 23112742SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 231219878SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 23132742SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 231419878SwollmanRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 23152742SwollmanRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 231619878SwollmanRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 231719878SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 23182742SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 231920094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 232020094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 232120094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 232220094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 232320094SwollmanRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 232420094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 232520094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 232658787Sru# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 232758787Sru# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 232858787Sru# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2329163302Sru# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2330163302Sru# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2331163302Sru# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 233258787SruRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2333163302SruRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 233458787SruRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2335169811SwollmanRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2336163302Sru# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2337163302Sru# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2338163302Sru# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2339163302SruRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2340169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2341169811Swollman# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2342169811Swollman# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2343177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2344173319Sedwin# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2345173319Sedwin# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2346173319Sedwin# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2347173319Sedwin# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2348173319Sedwin# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2349173319Sedwin# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2350173319Sedwin# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2351173319Sedwin# 2352173319Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2353173319Sedwin# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2354173319Sedwin# 2355173319Sedwin# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2356173319Sedwin# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2357173319Sedwin# 2358173319Sedwin# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2359173319Sedwin# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2360173319Sedwin# 2361173319Sedwin# which using Google's translate tools says: 2362173319Sedwin# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2363173319Sedwin# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2364173319Sedwin# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2365177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2366177591Sedwin 2367177591Sedwin# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2368177591Sedwin# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2369177591Sedwin# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2370177591Sedwin# are now using: 2371177591Sedwin# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2372177591Sedwin# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2373177591Sedwin# Variation 2374177591Sedwin# Syrian Arab 2375177591Sedwin# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2376177591Sedwin# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2377177591Sedwin# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2378177591Sedwin 2379177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2380177591Sedwin# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2381177591Sedwin# Agency (SANA)... 2382177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2383177591Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2384177591Sedwin# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2385177591Sedwin# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2386177591Sedwin# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2387177591Sedwin# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2388177591Sedwin# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2389177591Sedwin 2390177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2391177591Sedwin# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2392177591Sedwin# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2393177591Sedwin# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2394177591Sedwin# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2395177591Sedwin 2396183864Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2397183864Sedwin# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2398183864Sedwin# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2399183864Sedwin# 2400183864Sedwin# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2401183864Sedwin# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2402183864Sedwin# clocks back 60 minutes). 2403183864Sedwin# 2404183864Sedwin# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2405183864Sedwin# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2406183864Sedwin# </a> 2407183864Sedwin 2408190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2409190372Sedwin# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2410190372Sedwin# two examples: 2411190372Sedwin# 2412190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2413190372Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2414190372Sedwin# </a> 2415190372Sedwin# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2416190372Sedwin# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2417190372Sedwin# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2418190372Sedwin# </a> 2419190372Sedwin# (Arabic, gov-site) 2420190372Sedwin# 2421190372Sedwin# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2422190372Sedwin# 2423190372Sedwin# Our summary 2424190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2425190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2426190372Sedwin# </a> 2427190372Sedwin 2428198825Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 2429198825Sedwin# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 2430198825Sedwin# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 2431198825Sedwin# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 2432198825Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm"> 2433198825Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 2434198825Sedwin# </a> 2435198825Sedwin 2436198825Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 2437198825Sedwin# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 2438198825Sedwin# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 2439198825Sedwin# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 2440198825Sedwin 2441190372SedwinRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2442198825SedwinRule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2443190372SedwinRule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2444198825SedwinRule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 2445177591Sedwin 24462742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 244767578SwollmanZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 244819878Swollman 2:00 Syria EE%sT 24492742Swollman 24502742Swollman# Tajikistan 2451158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 24522742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24532742SwollmanZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 245443014Swollman 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 245519878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 245658787Sru 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 245719878Swollman 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 24582742Swollman 24592742Swollman# Thailand 24602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24612742SwollmanZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 246219878Swollman 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 24632742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 24642742Swollman 24652742Swollman# Turkmenistan 2466158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 24672742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 246867578SwollmanZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 246943014Swollman 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 247058787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 247158787Sru 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2472158421Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 247343014Swollman 5:00 - TMT 24742742Swollman 24752742Swollman# United Arab Emirates 24762742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24772742SwollmanZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 24782742Swollman 4:00 - GST 24792742Swollman 24802742Swollman# Uzbekistan 24812742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 248243014SwollmanZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 248343014Swollman 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 248443014Swollman 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 248543014Swollman 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2486158421Swollman 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2487158421Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 248858787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 248943014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 24902742SwollmanZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 249143014Swollman 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2492158421Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 249358787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 249458787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 249543014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 24962742Swollman 24972742Swollman# Vietnam 2498158421Swollman 2499177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2500177591Sedwin# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2501177591Sedwin# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2502158421Swollman 2503158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 25042742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2505177591SedwinZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 250619878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 25072742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 25082742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 25092742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 25102742Swollman 25112742Swollman# Yemen 25122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25132742SwollmanZone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 25142742Swollman 3:00 - AST 2515