asia revision 194485
1100616Smp# <pre> 259243Sobrien# @(#)asia 8.35 359243Sobrien# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 459243Sobrien# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 559243Sobrien 659243Sobrien# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 759243Sobrien# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 859243Sobrien# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 959243Sobrien 1059243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1159243Sobrien# 1259243Sobrien# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 1359243Sobrien# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 1459243Sobrien# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 1559243Sobrien# 1659243Sobrien# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17100616Smp# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1859243Sobrien# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1959243Sobrien# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 2059243Sobrien# of the IATA's data after 1990. 2159243Sobrien# 2259243Sobrien# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 2359243Sobrien# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2459243Sobrien# 2559243Sobrien# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 2659243Sobrien# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 2759243Sobrien# I found in the UCLA library. 2859243Sobrien# 2959243Sobrien# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3059243Sobrien# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 3159243Sobrien# 3259243Sobrien# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 3359243Sobrien# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 3459243Sobrien# Corrections are welcome! 3559243Sobrien# std dst 36100616Smp# LMT Local Mean Time 3759243Sobrien# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 3859243Sobrien# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 3959243Sobrien# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 4059243Sobrien# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 4159243Sobrien# 4:00 GST Gulf* 4259243Sobrien# 5:30 IST India 4359243Sobrien# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 4459243Sobrien# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 4559243Sobrien# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 4659243Sobrien# 8:00 CST China 4759243Sobrien# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 4859243Sobrien# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 4959243Sobrien# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 5059243Sobrien# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 5159243Sobrien# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 5259243Sobrien# 5359243Sobrien# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 5459243Sobrien 5559243Sobrien# From Guy Harris: 5659243Sobrien# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 5759243Sobrien# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 5859243Sobrien# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 5959243Sobrien# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 6059243Sobrien 6159243Sobrien############################################################################### 6259243Sobrien 6359243Sobrien# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 6459243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6559243SobrienRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 6659243SobrienRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6759243SobrienRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6859243SobrienRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6959243SobrienRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 7059243SobrienRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 7159243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 7259243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 7359243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7459243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7559243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 7659243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 7759243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7859243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7959243SobrienRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 8059243Sobrien 8159243Sobrien# Afghanistan 8259243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8359243SobrienZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 8459243Sobrien 4:00 - AFT 1945 8559243Sobrien 4:30 - AFT 8659243Sobrien 8759243Sobrien# Armenia 8859243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 8959243Sobrien# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 9059243Sobrien# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 9159243Sobrien# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 9259243Sobrien# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 9359243Sobrien# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9459243Sobrien# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 9559243Sobrien# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 9659243Sobrien# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 9759243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9859243SobrienZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 9959243Sobrien 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 10059243Sobrien 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10159243Sobrien 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 10259243Sobrien 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 10359243Sobrien 4:00 - AMT 1997 10459243Sobrien 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 10559243Sobrien 10659243Sobrien# Azerbaijan 10759243Sobrien# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 10859243Sobrien# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 10959243Sobrien# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 11059243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 11159243SobrienRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 11259243SobrienRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 11359243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11459243SobrienZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 11559243Sobrien 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 11659243Sobrien 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11759243Sobrien 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 11859243Sobrien 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 11959243Sobrien 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 12059243Sobrien 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 12159243Sobrien 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 12259243Sobrien 12359243Sobrien# Bahrain 12459243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12559243SobrienZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 12659243Sobrien 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 12759243Sobrien 3:00 - AST 12859243Sobrien 12959243Sobrien# Bangladesh 13059243Sobrien# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 13159243Sobrien# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 13259243Sobrien# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 13359243Sobrien# 13459243Sobrien# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 13559243Sobrien# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 13659243Sobrien# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 13759243Sobrien# </a> 13859243Sobrien# or 13959243Sobrien# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 14059243Sobrien# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 14159243Sobrien# </a> 14259243Sobrien# 14359243Sobrien# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 14459243Sobrien# June 14559243Sobrien# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 14659243Sobrien# crippling power crisis. " 14759243Sobrien# 14859243Sobrien# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 14959243Sobrien# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 15059243Sobrien 15159243Sobrien# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 15259243Sobrien# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 15359243Sobrien# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 15459243Sobrien# 15559243Sobrien# Some sources: 15659243Sobrien# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 15759243Sobrien# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 15859243Sobrien# </a> 15959243Sobrien# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 16059243Sobrien# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 16159243Sobrien# </a> 16259243Sobrien# 16359243Sobrien# Our wrap-up: 16459243Sobrien# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 16559243Sobrien# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 16659243Sobrien# </a> 16759243Sobrien 16859243Sobrien# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 16959243Sobrien# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 17059243Sobrien# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 17159243Sobrien# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 17259243Sobrien# 17359243Sobrien# No DST end date has been announced yet. 17459243Sobrien 17559243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17659243SobrienZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 17759243Sobrien 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 17859243Sobrien 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 17959243Sobrien 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 18059243Sobrien 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 18159243Sobrien 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 18259243Sobrien 6:00 - BDT 2009 Jun 19 23:00 # Bangladesh Time 18359243Sobrien 6:00 1:00 BDST 18459243Sobrien 18559243Sobrien# Bhutan 18659243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 18759243SobrienZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 18859243Sobrien 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 18959243Sobrien 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 19059243Sobrien 19159243Sobrien# British Indian Ocean Territory 19259243Sobrien# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 19359243Sobrien# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 19459243Sobrien# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 19559243Sobrien# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 19659243Sobrien# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 19759243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 19859243SobrienZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 19959243Sobrien 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 20059243Sobrien 6:00 - IOT 20159243Sobrien 20259243Sobrien# Brunei 20359243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20459243SobrienZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 20559243Sobrien 7:30 - BNT 1933 20659243Sobrien 8:00 - BNT 20759243Sobrien 20859243Sobrien# Burma / Myanmar 20959243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21059243SobrienZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 21159243Sobrien 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 21259243Sobrien 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 21359243Sobrien 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 21459243Sobrien 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 21559243Sobrien 21659243Sobrien# Cambodia 21759243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21859243SobrienZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 21959243Sobrien 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 22059243Sobrien 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 22159243Sobrien 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 22259243Sobrien 7:00 - ICT 22359243Sobrien 22459243Sobrien# China 22559243Sobrien 22659243Sobrien# From Guy Harris: 22759243Sobrien# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 22859243Sobrien 22959243Sobrien# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 23059243Sobrien# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 23159243Sobrien# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 23259243Sobrien# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 23359243Sobrien# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 23459243Sobrien# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 23559243Sobrien# 23659243Sobrien# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 23759243Sobrien# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 23859243Sobrien# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 23959243Sobrien# 24059243Sobrien# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 24159243Sobrien# 1987 mid-April - ?? 24259243Sobrien 24359243Sobrien# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 24459243Sobrien# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 24559243Sobrien# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 24659243Sobrien 24759243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 24859243Sobrien# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 24959243Sobrien# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 25059243Sobrien# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 25159243Sobrien# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 25259243Sobrien# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 25359243Sobrien# pre-1980 time zones. 25459243Sobrien 25559243Sobrien# From Shanks & Pottenger: 25659243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 25759243SobrienRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 25859243SobrienRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 25959243SobrienRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 26059243SobrienRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 26159243SobrienRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 26259243SobrienRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 26359243Sobrien 26459243Sobrien# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 26559243Sobrien# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 26659243Sobrien# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 26759243Sobrien# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 26859243Sobrien# 26959243Sobrien# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 27059243Sobrien# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 27159243Sobrien# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 27259243Sobrien# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 27359243Sobrien# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 27459243Sobrien# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 27559243Sobrien# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 27659243Sobrien# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 27759243Sobrien# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 27859243Sobrien# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 27959243Sobrien 28059243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 28159243Sobrien# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 28259243Sobrien# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 28359243Sobrien# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 28459243Sobrien# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 28559243Sobrien# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 28659243Sobrien# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 28759243Sobrien# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 28859243Sobrien# 28959243Sobrien# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 29059243Sobrien# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 29159243Sobrien# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 29259243Sobrien# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 29359243Sobrien# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 29459243Sobrien# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 29559243Sobrien# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 29659243Sobrien# 29759243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 29859243Sobrien# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 29959243Sobrien# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 30059243Sobrien# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 30159243Sobrien# Shanks & Pottenger. 30259243Sobrien 30359243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 30459243Sobrien# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 30559243Sobrien# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 30659243SobrienZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 30759243Sobrien 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 30859243Sobrien 8:00 - CST 1940 30959243Sobrien 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 31059243Sobrien 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 31159243Sobrien 8:00 PRC C%sT 31259243Sobrien# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 31359243Sobrien# most of China 31459243SobrienZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 31559243Sobrien 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 31659243Sobrien 8:00 PRC C%sT 31759243Sobrien# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 31859243Sobrien# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 31959243Sobrien# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 32059243Sobrien# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 32159243Sobrien# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 32259243SobrienZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 32359243Sobrien 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 32459243Sobrien 8:00 PRC C%sT 32559243Sobrien# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 32659243Sobrien# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 32759243Sobrien# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 32859243Sobrien# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 32959243Sobrien# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 33059243Sobrien# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 33159243Sobrien# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 33259243Sobrien# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 33359243Sobrien# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 33459243SobrienZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 33559243Sobrien 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 33659243Sobrien 8:00 PRC C%sT 33759243Sobrien# Kunlun Time 33859243Sobrien# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 33959243Sobrien# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 34059243Sobrien# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 34159243Sobrien# and Yarkand. 34259243SobrienZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 34359243Sobrien 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 34459243Sobrien 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 34559243Sobrien 8:00 PRC C%sT 34659243Sobrien 34759243Sobrien# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 34859243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 34959243SobrienRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 35059243SobrienRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 35159243SobrienRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 35259243SobrienRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 35359243SobrienRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 35459243SobrienRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 35559243SobrienRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 35659243SobrienRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 35759243SobrienRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 35859243SobrienRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 35959243SobrienRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 36059243SobrienRule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 36159243SobrienRule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 36259243SobrienRule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 36359243SobrienRule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 36459243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36559243SobrienZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 36659243Sobrien 8:00 HK HK%sT 36759243Sobrien 36859243Sobrien 36959243Sobrien############################################################################### 37059243Sobrien 37159243Sobrien# Taiwan 37259243Sobrien 37359243Sobrien# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 37459243Sobrien# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 37559243Sobrien# have any other information. 37659243Sobrien 37759243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 37859243SobrienRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 37959243SobrienRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 38059243SobrienRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 38159243SobrienRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 38259243SobrienRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 38359243SobrienRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 38459243SobrienRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 38559243SobrienRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 38659243SobrienRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 38759243SobrienRule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 38859243SobrienRule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 38959243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 39059243SobrienZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 39159243Sobrien 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 39259243Sobrien 39359243Sobrien# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 39459243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 39559243SobrienRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 39659243SobrienRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 39759243SobrienRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 39859243SobrienRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 39959243SobrienRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 40059243SobrienRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 40159243SobrienRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 40259243SobrienRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 40359243SobrienRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 40459243SobrienRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 40559243SobrienRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 40659243SobrienRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 40759243SobrienRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 40859243SobrienRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 40959243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 41059243SobrienZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 41159243Sobrien 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 41259243Sobrien 8:00 PRC C%sT 41359243Sobrien 41459243Sobrien 41559243Sobrien############################################################################### 41659243Sobrien 41759243Sobrien# Cyprus 41859243Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 41959243SobrienRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 42059243SobrienRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 42159243SobrienRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 42259243SobrienRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 42359243SobrienRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 42459243SobrienRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 42559243SobrienRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 42659243SobrienRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 42759243SobrienRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 42859243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 42959243SobrienZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 43059243Sobrien 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 43159243Sobrien 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 43259243Sobrien# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 43359243Sobrien 43459243Sobrien# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 43559243Sobrien# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 43659243SobrienLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 43759243Sobrien 43859243Sobrien# Georgia 43959243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 44059243Sobrien# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 44159243Sobrien# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 44259243Sobrien# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 44359243Sobrien# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 44459243Sobrien# 44559243Sobrien# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 44659243Sobrien# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 44759243Sobrien# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 44859243Sobrien# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 44959243Sobrien# 45059243Sobrien# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 45159243Sobrien# 45259243Sobrien# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 45359243Sobrien# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 45459243Sobrien# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 45559243Sobrien# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 45659243Sobrien# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 45759243Sobrien# of integration into Europe. 45859243Sobrien 45959243Sobrien# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 46059243Sobrien# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 46159243Sobrien# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 46259243Sobrien# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 46359243Sobrien# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 46459243Sobrien# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 46559243Sobrien# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 46659243Sobrien# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 46759243Sobrien# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 46859243Sobrien 46959243Sobrien 47059243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 47159243SobrienZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 47259243Sobrien 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 47359243Sobrien 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 47459243Sobrien 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 47559243Sobrien 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 47659243Sobrien 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 47759243Sobrien 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 47859243Sobrien 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 47959243Sobrien 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 48059243Sobrien 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 48159243Sobrien 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 48259243Sobrien 4:00 - GET 48359243Sobrien 48459243Sobrien# East Timor 48559243Sobrien 48659243Sobrien# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 48759243Sobrien 48859243Sobrien# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 48959243Sobrien# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 49059243Sobrien# East Timor may be late for its millennium 49159243Sobrien# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 49259243Sobrien# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 49359243Sobrien# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 49459243Sobrien# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 49559243Sobrien# conflicts with their way of life. 49659243Sobrien 49759243Sobrien# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 49859243Sobrien# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 49959243Sobrien# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 50059243Sobrien 50159243Sobrien# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 50259243Sobrien# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 50369408Sache# (2000-08-16)</a>: 50459243Sobrien# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 50559243Sobrien# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 50659243Sobrien# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 50759243Sobrien# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 50859243Sobrien 50959243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 51059243SobrienZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 51159243Sobrien 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 51259243Sobrien 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 51359243Sobrien 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 51459243Sobrien 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 51559243Sobrien 9:00 - TLT 51659243Sobrien 51759243Sobrien# India 51859243Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 519Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 520 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 521 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 522 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 523 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 524 5:30 - IST 525# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 526# Andaman Is 527# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 528# Nicobar Is 529 530# Indonesia 531# 532# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 533# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 534# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 535# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 536# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 537# 538# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 539# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 540# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 541# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 542# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 543# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 544# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 545# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 546# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 547# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 548# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 549# switched on 1945-09-23. 550# 551# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 552Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 553# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 554# but this must be a typo. 555 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 556 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 557 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 558 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 559 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 560 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 561 7:30 - WIT 1964 562 7:00 - WIT 563Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 564 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 565 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 566 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 567 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 568 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 569 7:30 - WIT 1964 570 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 571 7:00 - WIT 572Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 573 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 574 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 575 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 576 8:00 - CIT 577Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 578 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 579 9:30 - CST 1964 580 9:00 - EIT 581 582# Iran 583 584# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 585# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 586# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 587# 588# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 589# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 590# 591# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 592# 593# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 594# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 595# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 596# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 597# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 598# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 599# 600# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 601# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 602# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 603# Shahrivar. 604# 605# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 606# 607# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 608# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 609# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 610# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 611# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 612# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 613# 614# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 615# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 616# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 617# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 618# plan to change that law.... 619# 620# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 621# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 622# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 623# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 624# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 625# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 626# 627# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 628# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 629# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 630# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 631# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 632# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 633# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 634# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 635# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 636# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 637# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 638# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 639# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 640# 641# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 642# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 643# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 644# 645# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 646# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 647# daylight saving time ... 648# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 649# 650# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 651# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 652# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 653# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 654# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 655# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 656# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 657# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 658# 659# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 660Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 661Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 662Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 663Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 664Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 665Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 666Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 667Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 668Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 669Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 670Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 671Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 672Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 673Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 674Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 675Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 676Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 677Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 678Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 679Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 680Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 681Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 682Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 683Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 684Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 685Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 686Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 687Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 688Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 689Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 690Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 691Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 692Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 693Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 694Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 695Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 696Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 697Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 698Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 699Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 700Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 701Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 702Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 703Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 704Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 705Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 706Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 707Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 708Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 709# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 710Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 711 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 712 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 713 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 714 3:30 Iran IR%sT 715 716 717# Iraq 718# 719# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 720# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 721# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 722# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 723# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 724# 725# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 726# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 727# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 728# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 729# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 730# 731# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 732 733# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 734# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 735# news sources (in Arabic): 736# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 737# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 738# </a> 739# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 740# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 741# </a> 742# 743# We have published a short article in English about the change: 744# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 745# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 746# </a> 747 748# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 749Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 750Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 751Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 752Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 753Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 754Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 755# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 756# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 757# 758Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 759Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 760# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 761Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 762 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 763 3:00 - AST 1982 May 764 3:00 Iraq A%sT 765 766 767############################################################################### 768 769# Israel 770 771# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 772# 773# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 774# different abbreviations in use: 775# 776# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 777# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 778# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 779# 780# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 781# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 782# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 783# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 784# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 785# settings in Israeli computers. 786# 787# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 788# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 789# family is from India). 790 791# From Shanks & Pottenger: 792# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 793Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 794Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 795Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 796Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 797Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 798Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 799Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 800Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 801Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 802Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 803Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 804Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 805Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 806Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 807Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 808Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 809Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 810Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 811Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 812Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 813Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 814Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 815Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 816Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 817Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 818Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 819Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 820Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 821Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 822Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 823Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 824Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 825Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 826Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 827Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 828Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 829Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 830Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 831Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 832Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 833 834# From Ephraim Silverberg 835# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 836# and 2005-02-17): 837 838# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 839# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 840# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 841# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 842# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 843# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 844# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 845# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 846# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 847# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 848# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 849# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 850# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 851# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 852# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 853# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 854# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 855# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 856# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 857# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 858# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 859# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 860 861# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 862Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 863Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 864Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 865Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 866Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 867Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 868Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 869Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 870Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 871Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 872 873# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 874# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 875# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 876 877# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 878Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 879Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 880Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 881Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 882 883# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 884# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 885# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 886# 887# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 888# 889# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 890# 891# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 892# 893# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 894# 895# where YYYY is the relevant year. 896 897# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 898Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 899Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 900Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 901Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 902Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 903Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 904Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 905Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 906 907# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 908# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 909# years 2001-2004 as well. 910# 911# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 912# 913# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 914# 915# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 916# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 917# 918# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 919 920# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 921Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 922Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 923Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 924Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 925Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 926Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 927Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 928Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 929Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 930Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 931 932# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 933# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 934# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 935# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 936# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 937# 938# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 939# 940# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 941 942# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 943# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 944# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 945# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 946# to generate the transitions in this list. 947# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 948# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 949# 950# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 951# 952# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 953# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 954# springtime transitions explicitly. 955 956# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 957Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 958Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 959Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 960Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 961Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 962Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 963Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 964Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 965Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 966Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 967Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 968Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 969Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 970Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 971Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 972Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 973Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 974Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 975Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 976Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 977Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 978Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 979Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 980Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 981Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 982Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 983Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 984Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 985Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 986Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 987Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 988Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 989Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 990Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 991Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 992Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 993Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 994Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 995Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 996Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 997Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 998Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 999Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 1000 1001# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1002Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1003 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1004 2:00 Zion I%sT 1005 1006 1007 1008############################################################################### 1009 1010# Japan 1011 1012# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1013 1014# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1015# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1016# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1017# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1018 1019# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1020# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1021# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1022# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1023# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1024# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1025# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1026# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1027# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1028# wanted to keep it.) 1029 1030# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1031# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1032# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1033Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1034Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1035Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1036Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1037# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1038# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1039# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1040# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1041 1042# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1043# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1044# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1045# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1046# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1047# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1048# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1049 1050# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1051# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1052# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1053# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1054# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1055# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1056# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1057# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1058# standard.... 1059# 1060# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1061# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1062 1063# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1064# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1065# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1066 1067# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1068Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1069 9:00 - JST 1896 1070 9:00 - CJT 1938 1071 9:00 Japan J%sT 1072# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1073 1074# Jordan 1075# 1076# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1077# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1078# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1079# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1080# all year round. 1081# 1082# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1083# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1084# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1085# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1086# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1087# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1088# 1089# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1090# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1091# 1092# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1093# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1094# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1095# 1096# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1097# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1098# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1099# 1100 1101# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1102# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1103# Jordan. 1104# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1105# saving 1106# time on the last Thursday in March. 1107# 1108# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1109# 1110# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1111# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1112# Please see 1113# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1114# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1115# </a> 1116 1117# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1118# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1119# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1120# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1121# </a> 1122# 1123# Google's translation: 1124# 1125# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1126# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1127# > of the month of March of each year. 1128# 1129# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1130 1131# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1132# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1133 1134# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1135Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1136Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1137Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1138Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1139Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1140Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1141Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1142Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1143Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1144Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1145Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1146Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1147Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1148Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1149Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1150Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1151Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1152Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1153Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1154Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1155Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1156Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1157Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1158Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1159Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1160Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1161Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1162Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1164Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1165 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1166 1167 1168# Kazakhstan 1169 1170# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1171# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1172# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1173# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1174# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1175# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1176 1177# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1178# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1179# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1180# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1181# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1182# 1183# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1184# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1185# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1186 1187# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1188# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1189# </a> 1190# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1191# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1192# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1193# 1194# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1195# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1196# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1197# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1198# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1199# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1200# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1201# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1202# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1203 1204# 1205# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1206# 1207# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1208Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1209 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1210 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1211 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1212 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1213 6:00 - ALMT 1214# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1215Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1216 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1217 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1218 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1219 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1220 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1221 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1222 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1223 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1224 6:00 - QYZT 1225# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1226Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1227 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1228 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1229 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1230 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1231 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1232 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1233 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1234 5:00 - AQTT 1235# Mangghystau 1236# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1237# so include time stamps before 1963. 1238Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1239 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1240 5:00 - FORT 1963 1241 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1242 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1243 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1244 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1245 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1246 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1247 5:00 - AQTT 1248# West Kazakhstan 1249Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1250 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1251 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1252 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1253 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1254 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1255 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1256 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1257 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1258 5:00 - ORAT 1259 1260# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1261# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1262 1263# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1264# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1265# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1266# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1267# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1268# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1269# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1270# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1271 1272# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1273Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1274Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1275Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1276Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1277# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1278Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1279 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1280 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1281 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1282 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1283 6:00 - KGT 1284 1285############################################################################### 1286 1287# Korea (North and South) 1288 1289# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1290# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1291# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1292# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1293# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1294# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1295 1296# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1297# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1298Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1299Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1300Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1301Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1302 1303# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1304Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1305 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1306 9:00 - KST 1928 1307 8:30 - KST 1932 1308 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1309 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1310 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1311 9:00 ROK K%sT 1312Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1313 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1314 9:00 - KST 1928 1315 8:30 - KST 1932 1316 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1317 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1318 9:00 - KST 1319 1320############################################################################### 1321 1322# Kuwait 1323# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1324# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1325# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1326# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1327# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1328# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1329# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1330# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1331# so for now we assume no DST. 1332Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1333 3:00 - AST 1334 1335# Laos 1336# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1337Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1338 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1339 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1340 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1341 7:00 - ICT 1342 1343# Lebanon 1344# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1345Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1346Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1347Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1348Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1349Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1350Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1351Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1352Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1353Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1354Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1355Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1356Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1357Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1358Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1359Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1360Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1361Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1362Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1363Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1364Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1365Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1366Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1367Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1368Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1369# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1370Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1371 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1372 1373# Malaysia 1374# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1375Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1376Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1377# 1378# peninsular Malaysia 1379# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1380# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1381# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1382Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1383 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1384 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1385 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1386 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1387 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1388 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1389 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1390 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1391# Sabah & Sarawak 1392# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1393# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1394# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1395# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1396Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1397 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1398 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1399 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1400 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1401 8:00 - MYT 1402 1403# Maldives 1404# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1405Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1406 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1407 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1408 1409# Mongolia 1410 1411# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1412# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1413# both say that it has just one. 1414 1415# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1416# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1417# General Information Mongolia 1418# </a> (1999-09) 1419# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1420# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1421# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1422# eight hours." 1423 1424# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1425# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1426# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1427# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1428# of implementation may have been different.... 1429# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1430# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1431# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1432 1433# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1434# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1435# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1436# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1437# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1438# is good enough for our purposes. 1439 1440# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1441# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1442# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1443# there are three time zones. 1444# 1445# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1446# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1447# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1448# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1449# 1450# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1451 1452# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1453# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1454# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1455# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1456# 1457# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1458# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1459# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1460 1461# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1462# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1463# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1464# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1465# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1466# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1467# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1468# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1469# He also found 1470# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1471# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1472# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1473# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1474# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1475# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1476# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1477# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1478 1479# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1480# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1481# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1482# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1483 1484# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1485# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1486# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1487# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1488# database on this, e.g.: 1489# 1490# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1491# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1492# </a> 1493# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1494# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1495# </a> 1496# 1497# both say GMT+08:00. 1498 1499# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1500# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1501# schedule here: 1502# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1503# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1504# </a> 1505# (click the English flag for English) 1506# 1507# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1508# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1509# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1510# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1511# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1512# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1513 1514# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1515# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1516# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1517# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1518# this is almost surely wrong. 1519 1520# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1521Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1522Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1523# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1524# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1525# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1526# 1527# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1528# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1529# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1530# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1531# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1532# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1533 1534Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1535Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1536# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1537Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1538Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1539Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1540 1541# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1542# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1543Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1544 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1545 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1546# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1547Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1548 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1549 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1550# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1551# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1552Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1553 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1554 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1555 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1556 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1557 1558# Nepal 1559# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1560Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1561 5:30 - IST 1986 1562 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1563 1564# Oman 1565# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1566Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1567 4:00 - GST 1568 1569# Pakistan 1570 1571# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1572# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1573# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1574# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1575# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1576# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1577 1578# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1579# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1580# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1581# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1582# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1583# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1584# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1585# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1586# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1587# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1588# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1589 1590# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1591# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1592# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1593 1594# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1595# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1596# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1597# 1598# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1599# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1600# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1601# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1602# 1603# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1604# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1605 1606# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1607# 1608# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1609# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1610# 1611# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1612# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1613# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1614# ...." 1615# 1616# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1617# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1618# </a> 1619# OR 1620# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1621# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1622# </a> 1623 1624# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1625# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1626 1627# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1628# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1629# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1630# instead of August 31. 1631# 1632# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1633# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1634# </a> 1635# OR 1636# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1637# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1638# </a> 1639 1640# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1641# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1642# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1643# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1644# official working." 1645# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1646# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1647# </a> 1648# 1649# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1650# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1651# 1652# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1653# April 08, 2009 1654# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1655# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1656# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1657# </a> 1658# 1659# or 1660# 1661# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1662# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1663# </a> 1664# 1665# .... 1666# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1667# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1668# conserve energy" 1669 1670# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-10): 1671# Assume for now that Pakistan will end DST in 2009 as it did in 2008. 1672 1673# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1674Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1675Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1676Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1677Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1678Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1679Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1680# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1681Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1682 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1683 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1684 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1685 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1686 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1687 1688# Palestine 1689 1690# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1691# 1692# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1693# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1694# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1695# 1696# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1697# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1698# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1699# though. 1700# 1701# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1702# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1703# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1704# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1705# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1706# East Jerusalem. 1707# 1708# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1709# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1710# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1711# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1712# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1713# 1714# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1715# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1716# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1717# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1718# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1719# Jordanian one). 1720# 1721# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1722# 1723# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1724# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1725# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1726# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1727# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1728# 1729# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1730# have one). 1731 1732# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1733# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1734# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1735# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1736# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1737# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1738# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1739# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1740# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1741# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1742# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1743 1744# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1745# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1746# 1747# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1748# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1749# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1750# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1751 1752# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1753# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1754# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1755# Holiday havoc 1756# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1757# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1758# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1759# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1760# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1761 1762# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1763# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1764 1765# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1766# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1767# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1768# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1769# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1770 1771# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1772# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1773# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1774# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1775# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1776# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1777# the West Bank. 1778 1779# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1780# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1781# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1782# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1783# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1784# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1785# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1786# because of the Ramadan. 1787 1788# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1789# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1790# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1791 1792# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1793# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1794# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1795# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1796# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1797# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1798 1799# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1800# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1801# 1802# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1803# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1804# 1805# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1806# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1807# </a> 1808# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1809# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1810# </a> 1811# or 1812# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1813# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1814# </a> 1815 1816# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1817# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1818# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1819# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1820# 1821# (in Arabic) 1822# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1823# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1824# </a> 1825# 1826# or 1827# (English translation) 1828# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1829# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1830# </a> 1831 1832# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1833# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1834Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1835Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1836Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1837Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1838Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1839Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1840 1841Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1842Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1843Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1844Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1845Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1846Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1847Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1848Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 1849Rule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1850Rule Palestine 2009 max - Sep lastMon 2:00 0 - 1851 1852# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1853Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1854 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1855 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1856 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1857 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1858 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1859 1860# Paracel Is 1861# no information 1862 1863# Philippines 1864# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1865# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1866# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1867# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1868# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1869 1870# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1871# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1872# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1873# rainy season begins. See 1874# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1875# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1876# 1877# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1878# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1879# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1880# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1881# but no details] 1882 1883# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1884Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1885Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1886Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1887Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1888Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1889Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1890# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1891Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1892 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1893 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1894 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1895 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1896 1897# Qatar 1898# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1899Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1900 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1901 3:00 - AST 1902 1903# Saudi Arabia 1904# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1905Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1906 3:00 - AST 1907 1908# Singapore 1909# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1910# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1911# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1912Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1913 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1914 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1915 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1916 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1917 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1918 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1919 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1920 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 1921 8:00 - SGT 1922 1923# Spratly Is 1924# no information 1925 1926# Sri Lanka 1927# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1928# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1929# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1930# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1931# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1932# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1933# 1934# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1935# by Shamindra in 1936# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1937# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1938# </a>: 1939# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1940# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1941 1942# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 1943# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 1944# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 1945# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 1946 1947# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 1948# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 1949# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 1950# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 1951# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 1952# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 1953# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 1954# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 1955 1956# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 1957# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 1958# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 1959# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 1960# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 1961# 1962# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 1963# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 1964# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 1965# 1966# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 1967# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 1968# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 1969# item.... 1970# 1971# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 1972# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 1973# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 1974# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 1975# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 1976# 1977# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 1978# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 1979# all computers. 1980 1981# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1982# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 1983# and then see what people actually say in practice. 1984 1985# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1986Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1987 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1988 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1989 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1990 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1991 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1992 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1993 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 1994 5:30 - IST 1995 1996# Syria 1997# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1998Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1999Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 2000Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 2001Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2002Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2003Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2004Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2005Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2006Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2007Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2008Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2009Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2010Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2011Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2012Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2013Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2014Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2015Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2016Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2017Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2018Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2019Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2020Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2021Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2022Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2023Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2024Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2025Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2026# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2027# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2028# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2029# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2030# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2031# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2032Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2033Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2034Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2035Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2036# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2037# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2038# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2039Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2040# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2041# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2042# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2043Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2044# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2045# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2046# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2047# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2048# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2049# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2050# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2051# 2052# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2053# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2054# 2055# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2056# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2057# 2058# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2059# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2060# 2061# which using Google's translate tools says: 2062# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2063# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2064# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2065Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2066 2067# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2068# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2069# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2070# are now using: 2071# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2072# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2073# Variation 2074# Syrian Arab 2075# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2076# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2077# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2078 2079# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2080# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2081# Agency (SANA)... 2082# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2083# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2084# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2085# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2086# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2087# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2088# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2089 2090# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2091# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2092# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2093# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2094# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2095 2096# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2097# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2098# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2099# 2100# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2101# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2102# clocks back 60 minutes). 2103# 2104# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2105# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2106# </a> 2107 2108# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2109# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2110# two examples: 2111# 2112# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2113# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2114# </a> 2115# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2116# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2117# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2118# </a> 2119# (Arabic, gov-site) 2120# 2121# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2122# 2123# Our summary 2124# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2125# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2126# </a> 2127 2128Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2129Rule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2130Rule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2131 2132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2133Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2134 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2135 2136# Tajikistan 2137# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2138# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2139Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2140 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2141 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2142 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2143 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2144 2145# Thailand 2146# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2147Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2148 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2149 7:00 - ICT 2150 2151# Turkmenistan 2152# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2153# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2154Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2155 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2156 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2157 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2158 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2159 5:00 - TMT 2160 2161# United Arab Emirates 2162# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2163Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2164 4:00 - GST 2165 2166# Uzbekistan 2167# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2168Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2169 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2170 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2171 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2172 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2173 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2174 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2175 5:00 - UZT 2176Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2177 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2178 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2179 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2180 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2181 5:00 - UZT 2182 2183# Vietnam 2184 2185# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2186# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2187# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2188 2189# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2190# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2191Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2192 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2193 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2194 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2195 7:00 - ICT 2196 2197# Yemen 2198# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2199Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2200 3:00 - AST 2201