asia revision 193785
1153761Swollman# <pre> 2193785Sedwin# @(#)asia 8.34 3192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 564499Swollman 62742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 72742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 82742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 92742Swollman 10158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 112742Swollman# 122742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 152742Swollman# 1686222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1720094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1820094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1920094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 2020094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 2120094Swollman# 22158421Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23158421Swollman# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2420094Swollman# 252742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 262742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 272742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 282742Swollman# 292742Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3058787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 312742Swollman# 322742Swollman# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 332742Swollman# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 342742Swollman# Corrections are welcome! 35114173Swollman# std dst 36114173Swollman# LMT Local Mean Time 37114173Swollman# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 38114173Swollman# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 39114173Swollman# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 40114173Swollman# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 41114173Swollman# 4:00 GST Gulf* 42114173Swollman# 5:30 IST India 43114173Swollman# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 44114173Swollman# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 45114173Swollman# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 46114173Swollman# 8:00 CST China 47114173Swollman# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 48114173Swollman# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 49149590Swollman# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 50149590Swollman# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 51114173Swollman# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 522742Swollman# 539908Swollman# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 542742Swollman 552742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 562742Swollman# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 572742Swollman# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 582742Swollman# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 592742Swollman# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 602742Swollman 612742Swollman############################################################################### 622742Swollman 6320094Swollman# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 642742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6520094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 66158421SwollmanRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6720094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6820094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6920094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 7020094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 7120094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 7220094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 7320094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7420094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7520094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 7620094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 7720094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7820094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7920094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 802742Swollman 812742Swollman# Afghanistan 822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 832742SwollmanZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 8419878Swollman 4:00 - AFT 1945 852742Swollman 4:30 - AFT 862742Swollman 872742Swollman# Armenia 88158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 89158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 90158421Swollman# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 91158421Swollman# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 92158421Swollman# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 93153670Swollman# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9443014Swollman# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 9543014Swollman# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 9643014Swollman# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 972742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 982742SwollmanZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 9919878Swollman 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 10019878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10119878Swollman 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 10258787Sru 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 10343014Swollman 4:00 - AMT 1997 10475267Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1052742Swollman 1062742Swollman# Azerbaijan 107153670Swollman# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 108153670Swollman# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 109153670Swollman# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 11043014Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 112153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1132742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1142742SwollmanZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 11519878Swollman 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 11619878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11719878Swollman 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 118149514Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 11920094Swollman 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 12043014Swollman 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 12143014Swollman 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 1222742Swollman 1232742Swollman# Bahrain 1242742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12567578SwollmanZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 1262742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1272742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1282742Swollman 1292742Swollman# Bangladesh 130193785Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 131193785Sedwin# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 132193785Sedwin# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 133193785Sedwin# 134193785Sedwin# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 135193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 136193785Sedwin# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 137193785Sedwin# </a> 138193785Sedwin# or 139193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 140193785Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 141193785Sedwin# </a> 142193785Sedwin# 143193785Sedwin# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 144193785Sedwin# June 145193785Sedwin# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 146193785Sedwin# crippling power crisis. " 147193785Sedwin# 148193785Sedwin# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 149193785Sedwin# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 150193785Sedwin 151193785Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 152193785Sedwin# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 153193785Sedwin# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 154193785Sedwin# 155193785Sedwin# Some sources: 156193785Sedwin# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 157193785Sedwin# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 158193785Sedwin# </a> 159193785Sedwin# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 160193785Sedwin# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 161193785Sedwin# </a> 162193785Sedwin# 163193785Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 164193785Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 165193785Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 166193785Sedwin# </a> 167193785Sedwin 168193785Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 169193785SedwinRule Bang 2009 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 170193785SedwinRule Bang 2009 only - Jun 20 0:00 1:00 S 171193785Sedwin 1722742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17375267SwollmanZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 17419878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 17519878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 1762742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 17719878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 17819878Swollman 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 179193785Sedwin 6:00 - BDT 2009 # Bangladesh Time 180193785Sedwin 6:00 Bang BD%sT 1812742Swollman 1822742Swollman# Bhutan 1832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 18467578SwollmanZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 1852742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 18619878Swollman 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 1872742Swollman 1882742Swollman# British Indian Ocean Territory 18986222Swollman# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 19086222Swollman# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 191149514Swollman# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 192149514Swollman# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 193149514Swollman# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 1942742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 195149514SwollmanZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 196149514Swollman 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 19786222Swollman 6:00 - IOT 1982742Swollman 1992742Swollman# Brunei 2002742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2012742SwollmanZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 2022742Swollman 7:30 - BNT 1933 2032742Swollman 8:00 - BNT 2042742Swollman 20514343Swollman# Burma / Myanmar 2062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20717200SwollmanZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 20819878Swollman 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 20919878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 2102742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 21119878Swollman 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 2122742Swollman 2132742Swollman# Cambodia 2142742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2152742SwollmanZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 21619878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2172742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2182742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2192742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 2202742Swollman 22143014Swollman# China 2222742Swollman 2232742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 2242742Swollman# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 2252742Swollman 22619878Swollman# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 22719878Swollman# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 2282742Swollman# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 2292742Swollman# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 2302742Swollman# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 23193799Swollman# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 2322742Swollman# 2332742Swollman# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 2342742Swollman# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 2352742Swollman# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 2362742Swollman# 2372742Swollman# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 2382742Swollman# 1987 mid-April - ?? 2392742Swollman 24019878Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 2412742Swollman# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 2422742Swollman# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 2432742Swollman 244158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 245158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 246158421Swollman# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 247158421Swollman# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 2482742Swollman# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 249158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 250158421Swollman# pre-1980 time zones. 2512742Swollman 252158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2532742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2542742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 2552742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 2562742SwollmanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 2572742SwollmanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 25814343SwollmanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 25914343SwollmanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 260163302Sru 26193799Swollman# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 26293799Swollman# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 26393799Swollman# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 264163302Sru# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 265169811Swollman# 266163302Sru# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 267163302Sru# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 268163302Sru# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 269163302Sru# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 270163302Sru# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 271163302Sru# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 272163302Sru# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 273163302Sru# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 274163302Sru# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 275163302Sru# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 276163302Sru 277181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 278181421Sedwin# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 279181421Sedwin# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 280181421Sedwin# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 281181421Sedwin# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 282181421Sedwin# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 283181421Sedwin# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 284181421Sedwin# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 285181421Sedwin# 286181421Sedwin# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 287181421Sedwin# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 288181421Sedwin# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 289181421Sedwin# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 290181421Sedwin# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 291181421Sedwin# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 292181421Sedwin# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 293181421Sedwin# 294181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 295181421Sedwin# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 296181421Sedwin# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 297181421Sedwin# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 298181421Sedwin# Shanks & Pottenger. 299163302Sru 300163302Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 30193799Swollman# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 302163302Sru# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 30367578SwollmanZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 30493799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 30514343Swollman 8:00 - CST 1940 30693799Swollman 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 30793799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 30814343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 30993799Swollman# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 310163302Sru# most of China 3112742SwollmanZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 3122742Swollman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 3132742Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 31493799Swollman# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 315163302Sru# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 316163302Sru# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 317163302Sru# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 318163302Sru# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 31986222SwollmanZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 32093799Swollman 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 32114343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 32293799Swollman# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 323163302Sru# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 324163302Sru# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 325163302Sru# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 326163302Sru# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 327163302Sru# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 328163302Sru# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 329163302Sru# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 330163302Sru# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 33167578SwollmanZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 33219878Swollman 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 33314343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 33493799Swollman# Kunlun Time 335163302Sru# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 336163302Sru# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 337163302Sru# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 338163302Sru# and Yarkand. 33967578SwollmanZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 34019878Swollman 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 34119878Swollman 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 34214343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 34393799Swollman 34467578Swollman# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 3452742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3462742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 3472742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 3482742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 3492742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 3502742SwollmanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 3512742SwollmanRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 3522742SwollmanRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 3532742SwollmanRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 3542742SwollmanRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 3552742SwollmanRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 3562742SwollmanRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 3572742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 3582742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 3592742SwollmanRule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 3602742SwollmanRule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 3612742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3622742SwollmanZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 36358787Sru 8:00 HK HK%sT 3642742Swollman 36530711Swollman 36630711Swollman############################################################################### 36730711Swollman 36843014Swollman# Taiwan 36930711Swollman 370158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 37143543Swollman# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 37243543Swollman# have any other information. 37343543Swollman 37430711Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 37530711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 37630711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 37730711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 37830711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 37930711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 38030711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 38130711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 38230711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 38330711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 38430711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 38530711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 38630711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 38786222SwollmanZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 38830711Swollman 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 38930711Swollman 39093799Swollman# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 3912742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 39293799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 39393799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 39493799SwollmanRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 39593799SwollmanRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 39693799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 39793799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 39893799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 39993799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 40093799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 40193799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 40293799SwollmanRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 40393799SwollmanRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 40493799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 40593799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 4062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40793799SwollmanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 40893799Swollman 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 40919878Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 4102742Swollman 4112742Swollman 4122742Swollman############################################################################### 4132742Swollman 4142742Swollman# Cyprus 4152742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 41619878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 4172742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 41819878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 4192742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 42019878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 4212742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 4222742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 42343543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 42443543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 4252742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4262742SwollmanZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 42743543Swollman 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 42858787Sru 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 42943543Swollman# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 4302742Swollman 43167578Swollman# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 43267578Swollman# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 43367578SwollmanLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 43467578Swollman 4352742Swollman# Georgia 436149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 4379908Swollman# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 4389908Swollman# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 4399908Swollman# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 44014343Swollman# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 44114343Swollman# 442149514Swollman# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 44320094Swollman# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 44420094Swollman# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 44520094Swollman# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 446136638Swollman# 447136638Swollman# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 448149514Swollman# 449136638Swollman# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 450136638Swollman# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 451136638Swollman# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 452136638Swollman# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 453136638Swollman# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 454136638Swollman# of integration into Europe. 455136638Swollman 456153670Swollman# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 457153670Swollman# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 458153670Swollman# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 459153670Swollman# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 460153670Swollman# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 461153670Swollman# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 462153670Swollman# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 463153670Swollman# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 464153670Swollman# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 465153670Swollman 466153670Swollman 4672742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4682742SwollmanZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 46919878Swollman 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 47019878Swollman 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 47119878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 47219878Swollman 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 47320094Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 47420094Swollman 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 47520094Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 47643543Swollman 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 477136638Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 478153670Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 479153670Swollman 4:00 - GET 4802742Swollman 48158787Sru# East Timor 48275267Swollman 483169811Swollman# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 484169811Swollman 48575267Swollman# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 48675267Swollman# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 48775267Swollman# East Timor may be late for its millennium 48875267Swollman# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 48975267Swollman# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 49075267Swollman# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 49175267Swollman# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 49275267Swollman# conflicts with their way of life. 49375267Swollman 49475267Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 49575267Swollman# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 49675267Swollman# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 49775267Swollman 49875267Swollman# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 49975267Swollman# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 50075267Swollman# (2000-08-16)</a>: 50175267Swollman# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 50275267Swollman# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 50375267Swollman# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 50475267Swollman# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 50575267Swollman 50658787Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 50758787SruZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 508149514Swollman 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 509169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 510149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 51186222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 512149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 51358787Sru 5142742Swollman# India 5152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 516177591SedwinZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 51719878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 51819878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 5192742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 5202742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 5212742Swollman 5:30 - IST 522177591Sedwin# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 5232742Swollman# Andaman Is 5242742Swollman# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 5252742Swollman# Nicobar Is 5262742Swollman 5272742Swollman# Indonesia 52886222Swollman# 529158421Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 53086222Swollman# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 53186222Swollman# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 53286222Swollman# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 53386222Swollman# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 53486222Swollman# 535169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 536169811Swollman# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 537169811Swollman# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 538169811Swollman# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 539169811Swollman# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 540169811Swollman# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 541169811Swollman# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 542169811Swollman# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 543169811Swollman# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 544169811Swollman# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 545169811Swollman# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 546169811Swollman# switched on 1945-09-23. 547169811Swollman# 5482742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5492742SwollmanZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 550158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 55158787Sru# but this must be a typo. 55258787Sru 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 55319878Swollman 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 55486222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 555169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 55686222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 55786222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 55886222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 55986222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 56086222SwollmanZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 56186222Swollman 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 56286222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 563169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 56486222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 56586222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 56686222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 56786222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 56886222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 56993799SwollmanZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 57019878Swollman 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 57186222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 572169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 57386222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 5742742SwollmanZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 575169811Swollman 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 5762742Swollman 9:30 - CST 1964 57786222Swollman 9:00 - EIT 5782742Swollman 5792742Swollman# Iran 580114173Swollman 581114173Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 582114173Swollman# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 583114173Swollman# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 58421217Swollman# 585114173Swollman# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 586114173Swollman# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 58721217Swollman# 588114173Swollman# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 589114173Swollman# 590114173Swollman# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 591114173Swollman# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 592114173Swollman# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 593114173Swollman# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 594114173Swollman# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 595114173Swollman# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 596114173Swollman# 597114173Swollman# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 598114173Swollman# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 599114173Swollman# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 600114173Swollman# Shahrivar. 601114173Swollman# 602114173Swollman# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 603114173Swollman# 604114173Swollman# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 605114173Swollman# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 606114173Swollman# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 607114173Swollman# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 608114173Swollman# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 609114173Swollman# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 610149514Swollman# 611149514Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 612149514Swollman# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 613149514Swollman# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 614149514Swollman# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 615149514Swollman# plan to change that law.... 616149514Swollman# 617158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 618158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 619149514Swollman# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 620149514Swollman# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 621149514Swollman# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 622149514Swollman# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 62321217Swollman# 624149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 625149514Swollman# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 626149514Swollman# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 627149514Swollman# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 628149514Swollman# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 629149514Swollman# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 630149514Swollman# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 631149514Swollman# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 632149514Swollman# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 633149514Swollman# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 634149514Swollman# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 635149514Swollman# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 636149514Swollman# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 637149514Swollman# 638158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 639158421Swollman# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 640158421Swollman# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 641158421Swollman# 642172479Sedwin# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 643172479Sedwin# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 644172479Sedwin# daylight saving time ... 645172479Sedwin# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 646172479Sedwin# 647174242Sedwin# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 648174242Sedwin# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 649174242Sedwin# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 650174242Sedwin# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 651174242Sedwin# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 652174242Sedwin# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 653174242Sedwin# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 654174242Sedwin# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 655174242Sedwin# 6562742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 657114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 658114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 659114173SwollmanRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 660114173SwollmanRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 661114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 662114173SwollmanRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 663114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 664114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 665114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 666114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 667114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 668114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 669114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 670114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 671114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 672114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 673114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 674158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 675158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 676172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 677172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 678172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 679172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 680172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 681172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 682172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 683172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 684172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 685172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 686172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 687172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 688172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 689172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 690172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 691172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 692172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 693172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 694172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 695172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 696172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 697172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 698172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 699172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 700172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 701172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 702172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 703172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 704172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 705172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 7062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7072742SwollmanZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 70819878Swollman 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 709114173Swollman 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 71019878Swollman 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 71119878Swollman 3:30 Iran IR%sT 7122742Swollman 71364499Swollman 7142742Swollman# Iraq 71564499Swollman# 716149514Swollman# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 71764499Swollman# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 71875267Swollman# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 71964499Swollman# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 72064499Swollman# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 72164499Swollman# 72264499Swollman# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 72364499Swollman# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 72464499Swollman# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 72564499Swollman# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 72664499Swollman# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 72764499Swollman# 72864499Swollman# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 72964499Swollman 730177591Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 731177591Sedwin# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 732177591Sedwin# news sources (in Arabic): 733177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 734177591Sedwin# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 735177591Sedwin# </a> 736177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 737177591Sedwin# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 738177591Sedwin# </a> 739177591Sedwin# 740177591Sedwin# We have published a short article in English about the change: 741177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 742177591Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 743177591Sedwin# </a> 744177591Sedwin 7452742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7462742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 7472742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 7482742SwollmanRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 7492742SwollmanRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 75020094SwollmanRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 75120094SwollmanRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 75220094Swollman# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 753158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 754169811Swollman# 755177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 756177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 7572742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7582742SwollmanZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 75919878Swollman 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 7602742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1982 May 7612742Swollman 3:00 Iraq A%sT 7622742Swollman 7632742Swollman 7642742Swollman############################################################################### 7652742Swollman 7662742Swollman# Israel 7672742Swollman 76875267Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 76975267Swollman# 77075267Swollman# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 77175267Swollman# different abbreviations in use: 77275267Swollman# 77375267Swollman# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 77475267Swollman# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 77575267Swollman# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 77675267Swollman# 77775267Swollman# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 77875267Swollman# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 77975267Swollman# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 78075267Swollman# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 78175267Swollman# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 78275267Swollman# settings in Israeli computers. 78375267Swollman# 78475267Swollman# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 78575267Swollman# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 78675267Swollman# family is from India). 7872742Swollman 788158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 7892742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7902742SwollmanRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 7912742SwollmanRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 7922742SwollmanRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 7932742SwollmanRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 7942742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 7952742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 7962742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 7972742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 7982742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 7992742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 8002742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 8012742SwollmanRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 8022742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 8032742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 8042742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 8052742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 8062742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 8072742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 8082742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 8092742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 8102742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 8112742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 8122742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 8132742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 8142742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 8152742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 8162742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 8172742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 8182742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 8192742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 8202742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 8212742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 8222742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 8232742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 8242742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 8252742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 8262742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 8272742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 8282742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 8292742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 8302742Swollman 831149514Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg 832149514Swollman# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 833149514Swollman# and 2005-02-17): 83430711Swollman 8352742Swollman# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 8362742Swollman# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 83743543Swollman# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 83843543Swollman# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 83943543Swollman# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 84043543Swollman# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 84143543Swollman# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 84243543Swollman# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 84343543Swollman# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 84464499Swollman# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 84564499Swollman# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 84643543Swollman# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 84764499Swollman# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 84864499Swollman# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 84964499Swollman# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 85064499Swollman# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 85164499Swollman# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 85264499Swollman# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 85364499Swollman# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 85464499Swollman# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 85564499Swollman# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 85664499Swollman# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 8572742Swollman 8582742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 8592742SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 86019878SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 8612742SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 86219878SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 8632742SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 86419878SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 8652742SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 86619878SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 8672742SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 86819878SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 8692742Swollman 87014343Swollman# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 87114343Swollman# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 87230711Swollman# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 8732742Swollman 87475267Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 87519878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 87619878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 87719878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 87819878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 8792742Swollman 88030711Swollman# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 88130711Swollman# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 88243014Swollman# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 88314343Swollman# 884149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 88514343Swollman# 88643014Swollman# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 88730711Swollman# 88858787Sru# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 88943014Swollman# 890149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 89143014Swollman# 89258787Sru# where YYYY is the relevant year. 8939908Swollman 89414343Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 89530711SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 89619878SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 89730711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 89830711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 89930711SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 90043014SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 90143543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 90243543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 90314343Swollman 90464499Swollman# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 90564499Swollman# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 90664499Swollman# years 2001-2004 as well. 90758787Sru# 90864499Swollman# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 90958787Sru# 910149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 91164499Swollman# 91264499Swollman# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 91364499Swollman# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 91464499Swollman# 915149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 91643014Swollman 91758787Sru# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 91858787SruRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 91964499SwollmanRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 92064499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 92164499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 92264499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 92364499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 92464499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 92564499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 92664499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 92764499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 92858787Sru 929149514Swollman# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 930149514Swollman# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 931149514Swollman# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 932149514Swollman# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 933149514Swollman# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 934149514Swollman# 935149514Swollman# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 936149514Swollman# 937149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 93830711Swollman 939149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 940149514Swollman# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 941149514Swollman# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 942149514Swollman# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 943149514Swollman# to generate the transitions in this list. 944149514Swollman# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 945149514Swollman# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 946149514Swollman# 947149514Swollman# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 948149514Swollman# 949149514Swollman# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 950149514Swollman# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 951149514Swollman# springtime transitions explicitly. 952149514Swollman 953149514Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 954149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 955149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 956149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 957149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 958149514SwollmanRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 959149514SwollmanRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 960149514SwollmanRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 961149514SwollmanRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 962149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 963149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 964149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 965149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 966149514SwollmanRule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 967149514SwollmanRule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 968149514SwollmanRule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 969149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 970149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 971149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 972149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 973149514SwollmanRule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 974149514SwollmanRule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 975149514SwollmanRule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 976149514SwollmanRule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 977149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 978149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 979149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 980149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 981149514SwollmanRule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 982149514SwollmanRule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 983149514SwollmanRule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 984149514SwollmanRule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 985149514SwollmanRule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 986149514SwollmanRule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 987149514SwollmanRule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 988149514SwollmanRule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 989149514SwollmanRule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 990149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 991149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 992149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 993149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 994149514SwollmanRule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 995149514SwollmanRule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 996149514SwollmanRule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 997149514Swollman 9982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 99914343SwollmanZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 100019878Swollman 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 10012742Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 10022742Swollman 10032742Swollman 1004105196Swollman 10052742Swollman############################################################################### 10062742Swollman 10072742Swollman# Japan 10082742Swollman 10092742Swollman# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 10102742Swollman 1011149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 10129908Swollman# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 10139908Swollman# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 10149908Swollman# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1015149590Swollman 1016149590Swollman# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1017149590Swollman# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1018149590Swollman# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1019149590Swollman# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1020149590Swollman# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1021149590Swollman# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1022149590Swollman# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1023149590Swollman# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1024149590Swollman# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1025149590Swollman# wanted to keep it.) 1026149590Swollman 1027158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1028158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 10299908Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1030149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1031149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1032149590SwollmanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1033149590SwollmanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1034149590Swollman# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1035158421Swollman# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1036149590Swollman# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1037149590Swollman# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 10382742Swollman 103943543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 104043543Swollman# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 104143543Swollman# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 104243543Swollman# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 104343543Swollman# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 104443543Swollman# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 104543543Swollman# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 104643543Swollman 104743543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 104843543Swollman# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 104943543Swollman# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 105043543Swollman# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 105143543Swollman# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 105243543Swollman# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 105343543Swollman# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 105443543Swollman# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 105543543Swollman# standard.... 105643543Swollman# 105743543Swollman# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 105843543Swollman# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 105943543Swollman 1060158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1061158421Swollman# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1062158421Swollman# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 106343543Swollman 10642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 106543543SwollmanZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 106643543Swollman 9:00 - JST 1896 106743543Swollman 9:00 - CJT 1938 1068149590Swollman 9:00 Japan J%sT 106943543Swollman# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 10702742Swollman 10712742Swollman# Jordan 107258787Sru# 107358787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 107458787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 107558787Sru# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 107658787Sru# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 107758787Sru# all year round. 107858787Sru# 107958787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 108058787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 108158787Sru# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 108258787Sru# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 108358787Sru# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 108458787Sru# government's departments from six to seven hours. 108558787Sru# 1086153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1087153670Swollman# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1088153670Swollman# 1089158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1090158421Swollman# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1091158421Swollman# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1092158421Swollman# 1093163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1094163302Sru# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1095163302Sru# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1096163302Sru# 1097190991Sedwin 1098190991Sedwin# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1099190991Sedwin# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1100190991Sedwin# Jordan. 1101190991Sedwin# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1102190991Sedwin# saving 1103190991Sedwin# time on the last Thursday in March. 1104190991Sedwin# 1105190991Sedwin# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1106190991Sedwin# 1107190991Sedwin# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1108190991Sedwin# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1109190991Sedwin# Please see 1110190991Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1111190991Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1112190991Sedwin# </a> 1113190991Sedwin 1114190991Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1115190991Sedwin# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1116190991Sedwin# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1117190991Sedwin# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1118190991Sedwin# </a> 1119190991Sedwin# 1120190991Sedwin# Google's translation: 1121190991Sedwin# 1122190991Sedwin# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1123190991Sedwin# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1124190991Sedwin# > of the month of March of each year. 1125190991Sedwin# 1126190991Sedwin# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1127190991Sedwin 1128190991Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1129190991Sedwin# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1130190991Sedwin 11312742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 113275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 113375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 113475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 113575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 113675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 113775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 113875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 113975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 114075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 114175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 114275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 114375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 114475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 114575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 114675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 114775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 114875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 114975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 115075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 115175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 115258787SruRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1153190991SedwinRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1154190991SedwinRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1155192886SedwinRule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1156153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1157153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1158163302SruRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1159163302SruRule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 11602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11612742SwollmanZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 116219878Swollman 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 11632742Swollman 1164149514Swollman 11652742Swollman# Kazakhstan 1166149514Swollman 116720094Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1168149514Swollman# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 116920094Swollman# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 117020094Swollman# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 117120094Swollman# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 117220094Swollman# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1173149514Swollman 1174158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 117593799Swollman# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 117693799Swollman# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1177158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1178158421Swollman# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 117993799Swollman# 118093799Swollman# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 118193799Swollman# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 118293799Swollman# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1183149514Swollman 1184149514Swollman# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1185149514Swollman# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1186149514Swollman# </a> 1187149514Swollman# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1188149514Swollman# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1189149514Swollman# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 119093799Swollman# 1191149514Swollman# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1192149514Swollman# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1193149514Swollman# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1194149514Swollman# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1195149514Swollman# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1196149514Swollman# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1197149514Swollman# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1198149514Swollman# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1199149514Swollman# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1200149514Swollman 1201114173Swollman# 12022742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 120393799Swollman# 120493799Swollman# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 120543014SwollmanZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 120693799Swollman 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 120793799Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 120893799Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1209149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1210149514Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 121193799Swollman# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 121293799SwollmanZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 121393799Swollman 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 121493799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 121593799Swollman 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 121693799Swollman 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 121793799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 121893799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 121993799Swollman 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1220149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1221149514Swollman 6:00 - QYZT 122293799Swollman# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 122320094SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 122493799Swollman 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 122593799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 122693799Swollman 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 122793799Swollman 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 122893799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 122993799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1230149514Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1231149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 123293799Swollman# Mangghystau 123393799Swollman# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 123493799Swollman# so include time stamps before 1963. 123593799SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 123693799Swollman 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 123793799Swollman 5:00 - FORT 1963 123893799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 123993799Swollman 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 124093799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 124193799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1242121098Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1243149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1244149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 124593799Swollman# West Kazakhstan 124693799SwollmanZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 124793799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 124893799Swollman 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 124993799Swollman 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 125093799Swollman 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 125193799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 125293799Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 125393799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1254149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1255149514Swollman 5:00 - ORAT 12562742Swollman 125767578Swollman# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1258158421Swollman# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1259149514Swollman 1260149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1261149514Swollman# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1262149514Swollman# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1263149514Swollman# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1264149514Swollman# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1265153670Swollman# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1266153670Swollman# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1267153670Swollman# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1268149514Swollman 126920094Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1270153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1271153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1272153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1273153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 12749908Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12759908SwollmanZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 127643014Swollman 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 127719878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 127858787Sru 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1279153670Swollman 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1280153670Swollman 6:00 - KGT 12819908Swollman 12822742Swollman############################################################################### 12832742Swollman 128443014Swollman# Korea (North and South) 12852742Swollman 1286163302Sru# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1287163302Sru# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1288163302Sru# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1289163302Sru# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1290163302Sru# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1291163302Sru# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 12922742Swollman 1293158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 12942742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 12952742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 12962742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1297158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1298158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 12992742Swollman 13002742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13012742SwollmanZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 13022742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 13032742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 13042742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 13052742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 13062742Swollman 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 13072742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 13082742Swollman 9:00 ROK K%sT 13092742SwollmanZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 13102742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 13112742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 13122742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 13132742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 13142742Swollman 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 13152742Swollman 9:00 - KST 13162742Swollman 13172742Swollman############################################################################### 13182742Swollman 13192742Swollman# Kuwait 13202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1321169811Swollman# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1322169811Swollman# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1323169811Swollman# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1324169811Swollman# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1325169811Swollman# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1326169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1327169811Swollman# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1328169811Swollman# so for now we assume no DST. 13292742SwollmanZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 13302742Swollman 3:00 - AST 13312742Swollman 13322742Swollman# Laos 13332742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133467578SwollmanZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 133519878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 13362742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 13372742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 13382742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 13392742Swollman 13402742Swollman# Lebanon 13412742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 134219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 13432742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 134419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 13452742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 134619878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 13472742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 134819878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 13492742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 135019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 13512742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 135219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 13532742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 135419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 135519878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 13562742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 135719878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 135820094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 135919878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 136019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 136120094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 136220094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 136320094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 136458787SruRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 136558787SruRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 13662742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13672742SwollmanZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 136819878Swollman 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 13692742Swollman 13702742Swollman# Malaysia 137119878Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 137286222SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 137319878SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 137486222Swollman# 1375136638Swollman# peninsular Malaysia 1376136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1377136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 13782742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1379136638SwollmanZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1380136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1381136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1382136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1383136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1384136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1385136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1386136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 138719878Swollman 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 138886222Swollman# Sabah & Sarawak 1389158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1390158421Swollman# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1391136638Swollman# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1392136638Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139319878SwollmanZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 139419878Swollman 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1395136638Swollman 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1396136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1397136638Swollman 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 139819878Swollman 8:00 - MYT 13992742Swollman 14002742Swollman# Maldives 14012742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 140219878SwollmanZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 140319878Swollman 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 140419878Swollman 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 14052742Swollman 14062742Swollman# Mongolia 140758787Sru 1408158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1409158421Swollman# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 141017200Swollman# both say that it has just one. 141158787Sru 141258787Sru# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 141358787Sru# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 141458787Sru# General Information Mongolia 141558787Sru# </a> (1999-09) 141658787Sru# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 141758787Sru# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 141858787Sru# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 141958787Sru# eight hours." 142058787Sru 142158787Sru# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 142258787Sru# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 142358787Sru# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 142458787Sru# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 142558787Sru# of implementation may have been different.... 142658787Sru# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 142758787Sru# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 142858787Sru# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 142958787Sru 143058787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 143158787Sru# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 143258787Sru# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 143358787Sru# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 143458787Sru# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 143558787Sru# is good enough for our purposes. 143658787Sru 143786222Swollman# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 143886222Swollman# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 143986222Swollman# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 144086222Swollman# there are three time zones. 144186222Swollman# 144286222Swollman# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 144386222Swollman# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 144486222Swollman# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 144586222Swollman# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 144686222Swollman# 144786222Swollman# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 144886222Swollman 1449149514Swollman# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1450136638Swollman# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1451136638Swollman# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1452136638Swollman# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1453136638Swollman# 1454136638Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1455136638Swollman# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1456136638Swollman# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1457136638Swollman 1458149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1459149514Swollman# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1460149514Swollman# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1461149514Swollman# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1462149514Swollman# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1463149514Swollman# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1464149514Swollman# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1465149514Swollman# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1466149514Swollman# He also found 1467149514Swollman# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1468149514Swollman# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1469149514Swollman# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1470149514Swollman# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1471149514Swollman# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1472149514Swollman# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1473149514Swollman# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1474149514Swollman# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1475149514Swollman 1476169811Swollman# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1477169811Swollman# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1478169811Swollman# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1479169811Swollman# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1480169811Swollman 1481181418Sedwin# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1482181418Sedwin# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1483181418Sedwin# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1484181418Sedwin# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1485181418Sedwin# database on this, e.g.: 1486181418Sedwin# 1487181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1488181418Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1489181418Sedwin# </a> 1490181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1491181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1492181418Sedwin# </a> 1493181418Sedwin# 1494181418Sedwin# both say GMT+08:00. 1495181418Sedwin 1496181418Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1497181418Sedwin# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1498181418Sedwin# schedule here: 1499181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1500181418Sedwin# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1501181418Sedwin# </a> 1502181418Sedwin# (click the English flag for English) 1503181418Sedwin# 1504181418Sedwin# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1505181418Sedwin# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1506181418Sedwin# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1507181418Sedwin# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1508181418Sedwin# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1509181418Sedwin# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1510181418Sedwin 1511181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1512181418Sedwin# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1513181418Sedwin# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1514181418Sedwin# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1515181418Sedwin# this is almost surely wrong. 1516181418Sedwin 15172742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 151886222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 151986222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1520158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1521158421Swollman# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1522158421Swollman# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1523158421Swollman# 1524158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1525158421Swollman# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1526158421Swollman# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1527158421Swollman# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1528158421Swollman# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1529158421Swollman# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1530158421Swollman 1531158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1532158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 153358787Sru# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1534136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1535169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1536169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 153758787Sru 15382742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 153986222Swollman# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 154058787SruZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 154158787Sru 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 154258787Sru 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 154386222Swollman# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 154458787SruZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 154558787Sru 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 154619878Swollman 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 154786222Swollman# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 154886222Swollman# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 154986222SwollmanZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 155086222Swollman 7:00 - ULAT 1978 155186222Swollman 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1552181418Sedwin 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1553181418Sedwin 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 15542742Swollman 15552742Swollman# Nepal 15562742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1557187588SedwinZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 15582742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1986 155919878Swollman 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 15602742Swollman 15612742Swollman# Oman 15622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15632742SwollmanZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 15642742Swollman 4:00 - GST 15652742Swollman 15662742Swollman# Pakistan 156793799Swollman 156893799Swollman# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 156993799Swollman# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 157093799Swollman# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 157193799Swollman# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 157293799Swollman# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 157393799Swollman# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 157493799Swollman 157593799Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 157693799Swollman# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 157793799Swollman# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 157893799Swollman# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 157993799Swollman# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 158093799Swollman# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 158193799Swollman# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 158293799Swollman# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 158393799Swollman# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 158493799Swollman# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 158593799Swollman# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 158693799Swollman 1587114173Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1588114173Swollman# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1589114173Swollman# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1590114173Swollman 1591114173Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1592114173Swollman# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1593114173Swollman# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1594114173Swollman# 1595114173Swollman# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1596114173Swollman# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1597114173Swollman# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1598114173Swollman# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1599114173Swollman# 1600114173Swollman# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1601114173Swollman# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1602114173Swollman 1603181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1604181418Sedwin# 1605181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1606181418Sedwin# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1607181418Sedwin# 1608181418Sedwin# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1609181418Sedwin# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1610181418Sedwin# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1611181418Sedwin# ...." 1612181418Sedwin# 1613181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1614181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1615181418Sedwin# </a> 1616181418Sedwin# OR 1617181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1618181418Sedwin# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1619181418Sedwin# </a> 1620114173Swollman 1621181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1622181418Sedwin# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1623181418Sedwin 1624183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1625183066Sedwin# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1626183066Sedwin# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1627183066Sedwin# instead of August 31. 1628183066Sedwin# 1629183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1630183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1631183066Sedwin# </a> 1632183066Sedwin# OR 1633183066Sedwin# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1634183066Sedwin# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1635183066Sedwin# </a> 1636183066Sedwin 1637191052Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1638191052Sedwin# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1639191052Sedwin# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1640191052Sedwin# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1641191052Sedwin# official working." 1642191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1643191052Sedwin# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1644191052Sedwin# </a> 1645191052Sedwin# 1646191052Sedwin# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1647191052Sedwin# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1648191052Sedwin# 1649191052Sedwin# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1650191052Sedwin# April 08, 2009 1651191052Sedwin# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1652191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1653191052Sedwin# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1654191052Sedwin# </a> 1655191052Sedwin# 1656191052Sedwin# or 1657191052Sedwin# 1658191052Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1659191052Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1660191052Sedwin# </a> 1661191052Sedwin# 1662191052Sedwin# .... 1663191052Sedwin# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1664191052Sedwin# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1665191052Sedwin# conserve energy" 1666191052Sedwin 1667191052Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-10): 1668191052Sedwin# Assume for now that Pakistan will end DST in 2009 as it did in 2008. 1669191052Sedwin 167093799Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1671114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1672114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1673181418SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1674183066SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1675191052SedwinRule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1676191052SedwinRule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 16772742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16782742SwollmanZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 16792742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 16802742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 16812742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 168219878Swollman 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 168393799Swollman 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 16842742Swollman 16852742Swollman# Palestine 168643014Swollman 1687149514Swollman# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 168843014Swollman# 168943014Swollman# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 169043014Swollman# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 169143014Swollman# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 169243014Swollman# 169343014Swollman# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 169443014Swollman# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 169543014Swollman# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 169643014Swollman# though. 169743014Swollman# 169843014Swollman# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 169943014Swollman# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 170043014Swollman# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 170143014Swollman# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 170243014Swollman# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 170343014Swollman# East Jerusalem. 170443014Swollman# 170543014Swollman# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 170643014Swollman# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 170743014Swollman# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 170843014Swollman# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 170943014Swollman# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 171043014Swollman# 171143014Swollman# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 171243014Swollman# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 171343014Swollman# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 171443014Swollman# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 171543014Swollman# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 171643014Swollman# Jordanian one). 171743014Swollman# 171843014Swollman# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 171943014Swollman# 172043014Swollman# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 172143014Swollman# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 172243014Swollman# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 172343014Swollman# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 172443014Swollman# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 172543014Swollman# 172643014Swollman# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 172743014Swollman# have one). 172843014Swollman 1729158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1730158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 173143014Swollman# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 173243014Swollman# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 173343014Swollman# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 173443014Swollman# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 173543014Swollman# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 173643014Swollman# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 173743014Swollman# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 173843014Swollman# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 173943014Swollman# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 174043014Swollman 174143014Swollman# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 174243014Swollman# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 174343014Swollman# 174443014Swollman# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 174543014Swollman# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 174643014Swollman# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 174743014Swollman# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 174843014Swollman 174958787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 175058787Sru# Daoud Kuttab writes in 175158787Sru# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 175258787Sru# Holiday havoc 175358787Sru# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 175458787Sru# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 175558787Sru# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 175658787Sru# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 175758787Sru# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 175858787Sru 1759153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1760153670Swollman# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1761153670Swollman 1762158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1763158421Swollman# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1764158421Swollman# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1765158421Swollman# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1766158421Swollman# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1767158421Swollman 1768163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1769163302Sru# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1770163302Sru# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1771163302Sru# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1772163302Sru# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1773163302Sru# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1774163302Sru# the West Bank. 1775163302Sru 1776163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1777163302Sru# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1778163302Sru# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1779163302Sru# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1780163302Sru# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1781163302Sru# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1782163302Sru# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1783163302Sru# because of the Ramadan. 1784163302Sru 1785172479Sedwin# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1786172479Sedwin# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1787172479Sedwin# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1788172479Sedwin 1789172479Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1790172479Sedwin# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1791172479Sedwin# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1792172479Sedwin# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1793172479Sedwin# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1794172479Sedwin# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1795172479Sedwin 1796183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1797183066Sedwin# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1798183066Sedwin# 1799183066Sedwin# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1800183066Sedwin# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1801183066Sedwin# 1802183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1803183066Sedwin# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1804183066Sedwin# </a> 1805183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1806183066Sedwin# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1807183066Sedwin# </a> 1808183066Sedwin# or 1809183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1810183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1811183066Sedwin# </a> 1812183066Sedwin 1813190991Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1814190991Sedwin# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1815190991Sedwin# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1816190991Sedwin# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1817190991Sedwin# 1818190991Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1819190991Sedwin# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1820190991Sedwin# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1821190991Sedwin# </a> 1822190991Sedwin# 1823190991Sedwin# or 1824190991Sedwin# (English translation) 1825190991Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1826190991Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1827190991Sedwin# </a> 1828190991Sedwin 182958787Sru# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 18302742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 183119878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 183217200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 183319878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 183420094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 183517200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 183620094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 183758787Sru 1838163302SruRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1839153670SwollmanRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1840153670SwollmanRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1841163302SruRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1842190991SedwinRule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1843163302SruRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1844183066SedwinRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1845190991SedwinRule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 1846190991SedwinRule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1847190991SedwinRule Palestine 2009 max - Sep lastMon 2:00 0 - 184858787Sru 18492742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 18502742SwollmanZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 185143014Swollman 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 185243014Swollman 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 185343014Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 185458787Sru 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 185558787Sru 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 18562742Swollman 185714343Swollman# Paracel Is 185814343Swollman# no information 185914343Swollman 18602742Swollman# Philippines 186175267Swollman# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 186275267Swollman# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 186375267Swollman# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 186475267Swollman# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1865158421Swollman# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1866158421Swollman 1867158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1868158421Swollman# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1869158421Swollman# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1870158421Swollman# rainy season begins. See 1871158421Swollman# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1872158421Swollman# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1873158421Swollman# 1874158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1875158421Swollman# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1876158421Swollman# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1877158421Swollman# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1878158421Swollman# but no details] 1879158421Swollman 18802742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 188119878SwollmanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 188219878SwollmanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 188319878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 188419878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 188519878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 188619878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 18872742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 188875267SwollmanZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 18892742Swollman 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 189019878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 18912742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 189219878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 18932742Swollman 18942742Swollman# Qatar 18952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 189667578SwollmanZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 18972742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 18982742Swollman 3:00 - AST 18992742Swollman 19002742Swollman# Saudi Arabia 19012742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 19022742SwollmanZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 19032742Swollman 3:00 - AST 19042742Swollman 19052742Swollman# Singapore 1906136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1907136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 19082742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1909136638SwollmanZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1910136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1911136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1912136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1913136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1914136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1915136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 191619878Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1917136638Swollman 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 19182742Swollman 8:00 - SGT 19192742Swollman 192014343Swollman# Spratly Is 192114343Swollman# no information 192214343Swollman 19232742Swollman# Sri Lanka 192419878Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 192558787Sru# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 192658787Sru# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 192758787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 192819878Swollman# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 192919878Swollman# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 193030711Swollman# 193130711Swollman# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 193243014Swollman# by Shamindra in 193343014Swollman# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 193443014Swollman# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 193543014Swollman# </a>: 193630711Swollman# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 193730711Swollman# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 193819878Swollman 1939158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 1940158421Swollman# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 1941158421Swollman# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 1942158421Swollman# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 1943158421Swollman 1944158421Swollman# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 1945158421Swollman# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 1946158421Swollman# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 1947158421Swollman# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 1948158421Swollman# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 1949158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 1950177591Sedwin# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 1951158421Swollman# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 1952158421Swollman 1953158421Swollman# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 1954158421Swollman# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 1955158421Swollman# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 1956158421Swollman# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 1957158421Swollman# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 1958158421Swollman# 1959158421Swollman# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 1960158421Swollman# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 1961158421Swollman# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 1962158421Swollman# 1963158421Swollman# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 1964158421Swollman# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 1965158421Swollman# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 1966158421Swollman# item.... 1967158421Swollman# 1968158421Swollman# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 1969158421Swollman# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 1970158421Swollman# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 1971158421Swollman# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 1972158421Swollman# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 1973158421Swollman# 1974158421Swollman# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 1975158421Swollman# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 1976158421Swollman# all computers. 1977158421Swollman 1978158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1979158421Swollman# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 1980158421Swollman# and then see what people actually say in practice. 1981158421Swollman 19822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 19832742SwollmanZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 198443014Swollman 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 19852742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 19862742Swollman 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 19872742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 198819878Swollman 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 198930711Swollman 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1990158421Swollman 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 1991158421Swollman 5:30 - IST 19922742Swollman 19932742Swollman# Syria 19942742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 199519878SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 19962742SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 199719878SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 19982742SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 199919878SwollmanRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 20002742SwollmanRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 20012742SwollmanRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 20022742SwollmanRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 200319878SwollmanRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 20042742SwollmanRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 200519878SwollmanRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 20062742SwollmanRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 200719878SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 20082742SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 200919878SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 20102742SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 201119878SwollmanRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 20122742SwollmanRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 201319878SwollmanRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 201419878SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 20152742SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 201620094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 201720094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 201820094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 201920094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 202020094SwollmanRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 202120094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 202220094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 202358787Sru# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 202458787Sru# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 202558787Sru# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2026163302Sru# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2027163302Sru# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2028163302Sru# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 202958787SruRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2030163302SruRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 203158787SruRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2032169811SwollmanRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2033163302Sru# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2034163302Sru# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2035163302Sru# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2036163302SruRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2037169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2038169811Swollman# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2039169811Swollman# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2040177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2041173319Sedwin# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2042173319Sedwin# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2043173319Sedwin# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2044173319Sedwin# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2045173319Sedwin# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2046173319Sedwin# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2047173319Sedwin# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2048173319Sedwin# 2049173319Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2050173319Sedwin# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2051173319Sedwin# 2052173319Sedwin# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2053173319Sedwin# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2054173319Sedwin# 2055173319Sedwin# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2056173319Sedwin# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2057173319Sedwin# 2058173319Sedwin# which using Google's translate tools says: 2059173319Sedwin# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2060173319Sedwin# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2061173319Sedwin# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2062177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2063177591Sedwin 2064177591Sedwin# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2065177591Sedwin# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2066177591Sedwin# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2067177591Sedwin# are now using: 2068177591Sedwin# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2069177591Sedwin# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2070177591Sedwin# Variation 2071177591Sedwin# Syrian Arab 2072177591Sedwin# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2073177591Sedwin# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2074177591Sedwin# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2075177591Sedwin 2076177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2077177591Sedwin# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2078177591Sedwin# Agency (SANA)... 2079177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2080177591Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2081177591Sedwin# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2082177591Sedwin# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2083177591Sedwin# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2084177591Sedwin# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2085177591Sedwin# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2086177591Sedwin 2087177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2088177591Sedwin# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2089177591Sedwin# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2090177591Sedwin# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2091177591Sedwin# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2092177591Sedwin 2093183864Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2094183864Sedwin# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2095183864Sedwin# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2096183864Sedwin# 2097183864Sedwin# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2098183864Sedwin# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2099183864Sedwin# clocks back 60 minutes). 2100183864Sedwin# 2101183864Sedwin# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2102183864Sedwin# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2103183864Sedwin# </a> 2104183864Sedwin 2105190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2106190372Sedwin# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2107190372Sedwin# two examples: 2108190372Sedwin# 2109190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2110190372Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2111190372Sedwin# </a> 2112190372Sedwin# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2113190372Sedwin# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2114190372Sedwin# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2115190372Sedwin# </a> 2116190372Sedwin# (Arabic, gov-site) 2117190372Sedwin# 2118190372Sedwin# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2119190372Sedwin# 2120190372Sedwin# Our summary 2121190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2122190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2123190372Sedwin# </a> 2124190372Sedwin 2125190372SedwinRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2126183864SedwinRule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2127190372SedwinRule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2128177591Sedwin 21292742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 213067578SwollmanZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 213119878Swollman 2:00 Syria EE%sT 21322742Swollman 21332742Swollman# Tajikistan 2134158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 21352742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21362742SwollmanZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 213743014Swollman 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 213819878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 213958787Sru 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 214019878Swollman 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 21412742Swollman 21422742Swollman# Thailand 21432742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21442742SwollmanZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 214519878Swollman 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 21462742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 21472742Swollman 21482742Swollman# Turkmenistan 2149158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 21502742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 215167578SwollmanZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 215243014Swollman 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 215358787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 215458787Sru 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2155158421Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 215643014Swollman 5:00 - TMT 21572742Swollman 21582742Swollman# United Arab Emirates 21592742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21602742SwollmanZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 21612742Swollman 4:00 - GST 21622742Swollman 21632742Swollman# Uzbekistan 21642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 216543014SwollmanZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 216643014Swollman 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 216743014Swollman 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 216843014Swollman 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2169158421Swollman 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2170158421Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 217158787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 217243014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 21732742SwollmanZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 217443014Swollman 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2175158421Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 217658787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 217758787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 217843014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 21792742Swollman 21802742Swollman# Vietnam 2181158421Swollman 2182177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2183177591Sedwin# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2184177591Sedwin# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2185158421Swollman 2186158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 21872742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2188177591SedwinZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 218919878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 21902742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 21912742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 21922742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 21932742Swollman 21942742Swollman# Yemen 21952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21962742SwollmanZone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 21972742Swollman 3:00 - AST 2198