asia revision 190372
1190372Sedwin# @(#)asia 8.26 2153761Swollman# <pre> 364499Swollman 42742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 52742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 62742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 72742Swollman 8158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 92742Swollman# 102742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 11158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 12158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 132742Swollman# 1486222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1520094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1620094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1720094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1820094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 1920094Swollman# 20158421Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 21158421Swollman# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2220094Swollman# 232742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 242742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 252742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 262742Swollman# 272742Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 2858787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 292742Swollman# 302742Swollman# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 312742Swollman# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 322742Swollman# Corrections are welcome! 33114173Swollman# std dst 34114173Swollman# LMT Local Mean Time 35114173Swollman# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 36114173Swollman# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 37114173Swollman# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 38114173Swollman# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 39114173Swollman# 4:00 GST Gulf* 40114173Swollman# 5:30 IST India 41114173Swollman# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 42114173Swollman# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 43114173Swollman# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 44114173Swollman# 8:00 CST China 45114173Swollman# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 46114173Swollman# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 47149590Swollman# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 48149590Swollman# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 49114173Swollman# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 502742Swollman# 519908Swollman# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 522742Swollman 532742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 542742Swollman# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 552742Swollman# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 562742Swollman# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 572742Swollman# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 582742Swollman 592742Swollman############################################################################### 602742Swollman 6120094Swollman# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 622742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6320094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 64158421SwollmanRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6520094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6620094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6720094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 6820094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 6920094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 7020094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 7120094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7220094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7320094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 7420094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 7520094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7620094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7720094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 782742Swollman 792742Swollman# Afghanistan 802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 812742SwollmanZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 8219878Swollman 4:00 - AFT 1945 832742Swollman 4:30 - AFT 842742Swollman 852742Swollman# Armenia 86158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 87158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 88158421Swollman# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 89158421Swollman# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 90158421Swollman# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 91153670Swollman# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9243014Swollman# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 9343014Swollman# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 9443014Swollman# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 962742SwollmanZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 9719878Swollman 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 9819878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9919878Swollman 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 10058787Sru 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 10143014Swollman 4:00 - AMT 1997 10275267Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1032742Swollman 1042742Swollman# Azerbaijan 105153670Swollman# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 106153670Swollman# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 107153670Swollman# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 10843014Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 109153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 110153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1112742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1122742SwollmanZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 11319878Swollman 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 11419878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11519878Swollman 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 116149514Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 11720094Swollman 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 11843014Swollman 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 11943014Swollman 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 1202742Swollman 1212742Swollman# Bahrain 1222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12367578SwollmanZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 1242742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1252742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1262742Swollman 1272742Swollman# Bangladesh 1282742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12975267SwollmanZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 13019878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 13119878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 1322742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 13319878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 13419878Swollman 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 13519878Swollman 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 1362742Swollman 1372742Swollman# Bhutan 1382742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13967578SwollmanZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 1402742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 14119878Swollman 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 1422742Swollman 1432742Swollman# British Indian Ocean Territory 14486222Swollman# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 14586222Swollman# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 146149514Swollman# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 147149514Swollman# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 148149514Swollman# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 1492742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 150149514SwollmanZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 151149514Swollman 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 15286222Swollman 6:00 - IOT 1532742Swollman 1542742Swollman# Brunei 1552742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1562742SwollmanZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 1572742Swollman 7:30 - BNT 1933 1582742Swollman 8:00 - BNT 1592742Swollman 16014343Swollman# Burma / Myanmar 1612742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16217200SwollmanZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 16319878Swollman 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 16419878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 1652742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 16619878Swollman 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 1672742Swollman 1682742Swollman# Cambodia 1692742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1702742SwollmanZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 17119878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1722742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1732742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1742742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1752742Swollman 17643014Swollman# China 1772742Swollman 1782742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 1792742Swollman# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 1802742Swollman 18119878Swollman# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 18219878Swollman# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 1832742Swollman# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 1842742Swollman# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 1852742Swollman# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 18693799Swollman# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 1872742Swollman# 1882742Swollman# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 1892742Swollman# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 1902742Swollman# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 1912742Swollman# 1922742Swollman# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 1932742Swollman# 1987 mid-April - ?? 1942742Swollman 19519878Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 1962742Swollman# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 1972742Swollman# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 1982742Swollman 199158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 200158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 201158421Swollman# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 202158421Swollman# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 2032742Swollman# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 204158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 205158421Swollman# pre-1980 time zones. 2062742Swollman 207158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2082742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2092742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 2102742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 2112742SwollmanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 2122742SwollmanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 21314343SwollmanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 21414343SwollmanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 215163302Sru 21693799Swollman# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 21793799Swollman# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 21893799Swollman# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 219163302Sru# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 220169811Swollman# 221163302Sru# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 222163302Sru# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 223163302Sru# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 224163302Sru# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 225163302Sru# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 226163302Sru# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 227163302Sru# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 228163302Sru# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 229163302Sru# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 230163302Sru# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 231163302Sru 232181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 233181421Sedwin# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 234181421Sedwin# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 235181421Sedwin# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 236181421Sedwin# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 237181421Sedwin# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 238181421Sedwin# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 239181421Sedwin# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 240181421Sedwin# 241181421Sedwin# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 242181421Sedwin# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 243181421Sedwin# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 244181421Sedwin# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 245181421Sedwin# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 246181421Sedwin# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 247181421Sedwin# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 248181421Sedwin# 249181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 250181421Sedwin# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 251181421Sedwin# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 252181421Sedwin# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 253181421Sedwin# Shanks & Pottenger. 254163302Sru 255163302Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25693799Swollman# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 257163302Sru# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 25867578SwollmanZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 25993799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 26014343Swollman 8:00 - CST 1940 26193799Swollman 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 26293799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 26314343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 26493799Swollman# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 265163302Sru# most of China 2662742SwollmanZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 2672742Swollman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 2682742Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 26993799Swollman# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 270163302Sru# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 271163302Sru# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 272163302Sru# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 273163302Sru# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 27486222SwollmanZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 27593799Swollman 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 27614343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 27793799Swollman# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 278163302Sru# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 279163302Sru# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 280163302Sru# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 281163302Sru# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 282163302Sru# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 283163302Sru# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 284163302Sru# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 285163302Sru# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 28667578SwollmanZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 28719878Swollman 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 28814343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 28993799Swollman# Kunlun Time 290163302Sru# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 291163302Sru# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 292163302Sru# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 293163302Sru# and Yarkand. 29467578SwollmanZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 29519878Swollman 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 29619878Swollman 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 29714343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 29893799Swollman 29967578Swollman# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 3002742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3012742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 3022742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 3032742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 3042742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 3052742SwollmanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 3062742SwollmanRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 3072742SwollmanRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 3082742SwollmanRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 3092742SwollmanRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 3102742SwollmanRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 3112742SwollmanRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 3122742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 3132742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 3142742SwollmanRule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 3152742SwollmanRule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 3162742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3172742SwollmanZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 31858787Sru 8:00 HK HK%sT 3192742Swollman 32030711Swollman 32130711Swollman############################################################################### 32230711Swollman 32343014Swollman# Taiwan 32430711Swollman 325158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 32643543Swollman# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 32743543Swollman# have any other information. 32843543Swollman 32930711Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 33030711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 33130711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 33230711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 33330711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 33430711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 33530711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 33630711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 33730711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 33830711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 33930711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 34030711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 34130711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 34286222SwollmanZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 34330711Swollman 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 34430711Swollman 34593799Swollman# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 3462742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 34793799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 34893799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 34993799SwollmanRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 35093799SwollmanRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 35193799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 35293799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 35393799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 35493799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 35593799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 35693799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 35793799SwollmanRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 35893799SwollmanRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 35993799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 36093799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 3612742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36293799SwollmanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 36393799Swollman 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 36419878Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 3652742Swollman 3662742Swollman 3672742Swollman############################################################################### 3682742Swollman 3692742Swollman# Cyprus 3702742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 37119878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 3722742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 37319878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 3742742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 37519878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 3762742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 3772742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 37843543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 37943543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 3802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3812742SwollmanZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 38243543Swollman 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 38358787Sru 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 38443543Swollman# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 3852742Swollman 38667578Swollman# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 38767578Swollman# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 38867578SwollmanLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 38967578Swollman 3902742Swollman# Georgia 391149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 3929908Swollman# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 3939908Swollman# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 3949908Swollman# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 39514343Swollman# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 39614343Swollman# 397149514Swollman# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 39820094Swollman# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 39920094Swollman# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 40020094Swollman# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 401136638Swollman# 402136638Swollman# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 403149514Swollman# 404136638Swollman# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 405136638Swollman# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 406136638Swollman# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 407136638Swollman# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 408136638Swollman# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 409136638Swollman# of integration into Europe. 410136638Swollman 411153670Swollman# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 412153670Swollman# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 413153670Swollman# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 414153670Swollman# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 415153670Swollman# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 416153670Swollman# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 417153670Swollman# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 418153670Swollman# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 419153670Swollman# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 420153670Swollman 421153670Swollman 4222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4232742SwollmanZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 42419878Swollman 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 42519878Swollman 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 42619878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 42719878Swollman 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 42820094Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 42920094Swollman 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 43020094Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 43143543Swollman 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 432136638Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 433153670Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 434153670Swollman 4:00 - GET 4352742Swollman 43658787Sru# East Timor 43775267Swollman 438169811Swollman# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 439169811Swollman 44075267Swollman# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 44175267Swollman# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 44275267Swollman# East Timor may be late for its millennium 44375267Swollman# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 44475267Swollman# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 44575267Swollman# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 44675267Swollman# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 44775267Swollman# conflicts with their way of life. 44875267Swollman 44975267Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 45075267Swollman# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 45175267Swollman# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 45275267Swollman 45375267Swollman# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 45475267Swollman# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 45575267Swollman# (2000-08-16)</a>: 45675267Swollman# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 45775267Swollman# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 45875267Swollman# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 45975267Swollman# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 46075267Swollman 46158787Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 46258787SruZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 463149514Swollman 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 464169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 465149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 46686222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 467149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 46858787Sru 4692742Swollman# India 4702742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 471177591SedwinZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 47219878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 47319878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 4742742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 4752742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 4762742Swollman 5:30 - IST 477177591Sedwin# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 4782742Swollman# Andaman Is 4792742Swollman# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 4802742Swollman# Nicobar Is 4812742Swollman 4822742Swollman# Indonesia 48386222Swollman# 484158421Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 48586222Swollman# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 48686222Swollman# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 48786222Swollman# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 48886222Swollman# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 48986222Swollman# 490169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 491169811Swollman# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 492169811Swollman# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 493169811Swollman# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 494169811Swollman# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 495169811Swollman# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 496169811Swollman# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 497169811Swollman# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 498169811Swollman# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 499169811Swollman# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 500169811Swollman# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 501169811Swollman# switched on 1945-09-23. 502169811Swollman# 5032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5042742SwollmanZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 505158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 50658787Sru# but this must be a typo. 50758787Sru 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 50819878Swollman 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 50986222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 510169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 51186222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 51286222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 51386222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 51486222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 51586222SwollmanZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 51686222Swollman 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 51786222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 518169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 51986222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 52086222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 52186222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 52286222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 52386222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 52493799SwollmanZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 52519878Swollman 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 52686222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 527169811Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 52886222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 5292742SwollmanZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 530169811Swollman 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 5312742Swollman 9:30 - CST 1964 53286222Swollman 9:00 - EIT 5332742Swollman 5342742Swollman# Iran 535114173Swollman 536114173Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 537114173Swollman# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 538114173Swollman# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 53921217Swollman# 540114173Swollman# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 541114173Swollman# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 54221217Swollman# 543114173Swollman# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 544114173Swollman# 545114173Swollman# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 546114173Swollman# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 547114173Swollman# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 548114173Swollman# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 549114173Swollman# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 550114173Swollman# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 551114173Swollman# 552114173Swollman# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 553114173Swollman# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 554114173Swollman# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 555114173Swollman# Shahrivar. 556114173Swollman# 557114173Swollman# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 558114173Swollman# 559114173Swollman# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 560114173Swollman# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 561114173Swollman# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 562114173Swollman# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 563114173Swollman# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 564114173Swollman# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 565149514Swollman# 566149514Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 567149514Swollman# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 568149514Swollman# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 569149514Swollman# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 570149514Swollman# plan to change that law.... 571149514Swollman# 572158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 573158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 574149514Swollman# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 575149514Swollman# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 576149514Swollman# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 577149514Swollman# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 57821217Swollman# 579149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 580149514Swollman# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 581149514Swollman# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 582149514Swollman# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 583149514Swollman# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 584149514Swollman# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 585149514Swollman# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 586149514Swollman# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 587149514Swollman# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 588149514Swollman# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 589149514Swollman# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 590149514Swollman# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 591149514Swollman# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 592149514Swollman# 593158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 594158421Swollman# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 595158421Swollman# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 596158421Swollman# 597172479Sedwin# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 598172479Sedwin# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 599172479Sedwin# daylight saving time ... 600172479Sedwin# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 601172479Sedwin# 602174242Sedwin# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 603174242Sedwin# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 604174242Sedwin# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 605174242Sedwin# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 606174242Sedwin# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 607174242Sedwin# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 608174242Sedwin# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 609174242Sedwin# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 610174242Sedwin# 6112742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 612114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 613114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 614114173SwollmanRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 615114173SwollmanRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 616114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 617114173SwollmanRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 618114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 619114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 620114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 621114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 622114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 623114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 624114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 625114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 626114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 627114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 628114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 629158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 630158421SwollmanRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 631172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 632172479SedwinRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 633172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 634172479SedwinRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 635172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 636172479SedwinRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 637172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 638172479SedwinRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 639172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 640172479SedwinRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 641172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 642172479SedwinRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 643172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 644172479SedwinRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 645172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 646172479SedwinRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 647172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 648172479SedwinRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 649172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 650172479SedwinRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 651172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 652172479SedwinRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 653172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 654172479SedwinRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 655172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 656172479SedwinRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 657172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 658172479SedwinRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 659172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 660172479SedwinRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 6612742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6622742SwollmanZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 66319878Swollman 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 664114173Swollman 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 66519878Swollman 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 66619878Swollman 3:30 Iran IR%sT 6672742Swollman 66864499Swollman 6692742Swollman# Iraq 67064499Swollman# 671149514Swollman# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 67264499Swollman# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 67375267Swollman# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 67464499Swollman# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 67564499Swollman# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 67664499Swollman# 67764499Swollman# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 67864499Swollman# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 67964499Swollman# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 68064499Swollman# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 68164499Swollman# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 68264499Swollman# 68364499Swollman# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 68464499Swollman 685177591Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 686177591Sedwin# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 687177591Sedwin# news sources (in Arabic): 688177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 689177591Sedwin# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 690177591Sedwin# </a> 691177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 692177591Sedwin# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 693177591Sedwin# </a> 694177591Sedwin# 695177591Sedwin# We have published a short article in English about the change: 696177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 697177591Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 698177591Sedwin# </a> 699177591Sedwin 7002742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7012742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 7022742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 7032742SwollmanRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 7042742SwollmanRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 70520094SwollmanRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 70620094SwollmanRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 70720094Swollman# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 708158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 709169811Swollman# 710177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 711177591SedwinRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 7122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7132742SwollmanZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 71419878Swollman 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 7152742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1982 May 7162742Swollman 3:00 Iraq A%sT 7172742Swollman 7182742Swollman 7192742Swollman############################################################################### 7202742Swollman 7212742Swollman# Israel 7222742Swollman 72375267Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 72475267Swollman# 72575267Swollman# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 72675267Swollman# different abbreviations in use: 72775267Swollman# 72875267Swollman# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 72975267Swollman# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 73075267Swollman# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 73175267Swollman# 73275267Swollman# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 73375267Swollman# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 73475267Swollman# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 73575267Swollman# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 73675267Swollman# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 73775267Swollman# settings in Israeli computers. 73875267Swollman# 73975267Swollman# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 74075267Swollman# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 74175267Swollman# family is from India). 7422742Swollman 743158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 7442742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7452742SwollmanRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 7462742SwollmanRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 7472742SwollmanRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 7482742SwollmanRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 7492742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 7502742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 7512742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 7522742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 7532742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 7542742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 7552742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 7562742SwollmanRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 7572742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 7582742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 7592742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 7602742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 7612742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 7622742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 7632742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 7642742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 7652742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 7662742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 7672742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 7682742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 7692742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 7702742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 7712742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 7722742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 7732742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 7742742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 7752742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 7762742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 7772742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 7782742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 7792742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 7802742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 7812742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 7822742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 7832742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 7842742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 7852742Swollman 786149514Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg 787149514Swollman# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 788149514Swollman# and 2005-02-17): 78930711Swollman 7902742Swollman# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 7912742Swollman# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 79243543Swollman# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 79343543Swollman# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 79443543Swollman# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 79543543Swollman# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 79643543Swollman# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 79743543Swollman# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 79843543Swollman# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 79964499Swollman# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 80064499Swollman# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 80143543Swollman# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 80264499Swollman# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 80364499Swollman# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 80464499Swollman# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 80564499Swollman# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 80664499Swollman# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 80764499Swollman# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 80864499Swollman# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 80964499Swollman# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 81064499Swollman# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 81164499Swollman# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 8122742Swollman 8132742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 8142742SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 81519878SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 8162742SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 81719878SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 8182742SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 81919878SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 8202742SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 82119878SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 8222742SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 82319878SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 8242742Swollman 82514343Swollman# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 82614343Swollman# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 82730711Swollman# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 8282742Swollman 82975267Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 83019878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 83119878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 83219878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 83319878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 8342742Swollman 83530711Swollman# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 83630711Swollman# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 83743014Swollman# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 83814343Swollman# 839149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 84014343Swollman# 84143014Swollman# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 84230711Swollman# 84358787Sru# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 84443014Swollman# 845149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 84643014Swollman# 84758787Sru# where YYYY is the relevant year. 8489908Swollman 84914343Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 85030711SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 85119878SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 85230711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 85330711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 85430711SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 85543014SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 85643543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 85743543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 85814343Swollman 85964499Swollman# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 86064499Swollman# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 86164499Swollman# years 2001-2004 as well. 86258787Sru# 86364499Swollman# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 86458787Sru# 865149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 86664499Swollman# 86764499Swollman# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 86864499Swollman# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 86964499Swollman# 870149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 87143014Swollman 87258787Sru# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 87358787SruRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 87464499SwollmanRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 87564499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 87664499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 87764499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 87864499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 87964499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 88064499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 88164499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 88264499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 88358787Sru 884149514Swollman# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 885149514Swollman# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 886149514Swollman# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 887149514Swollman# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 888149514Swollman# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 889149514Swollman# 890149514Swollman# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 891149514Swollman# 892149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 89330711Swollman 894149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 895149514Swollman# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 896149514Swollman# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 897149514Swollman# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 898149514Swollman# to generate the transitions in this list. 899149514Swollman# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 900149514Swollman# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 901149514Swollman# 902149514Swollman# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 903149514Swollman# 904149514Swollman# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 905149514Swollman# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 906149514Swollman# springtime transitions explicitly. 907149514Swollman 908149514Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 909149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 910149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 911149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 912149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 913149514SwollmanRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 914149514SwollmanRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 915149514SwollmanRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 916149514SwollmanRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 917149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 918149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 919149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 920149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 921149514SwollmanRule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 922149514SwollmanRule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 923149514SwollmanRule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 924149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 925149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 926149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 927149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 928149514SwollmanRule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 929149514SwollmanRule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 930149514SwollmanRule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 931149514SwollmanRule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 932149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 933149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 934149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 935149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 936149514SwollmanRule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 937149514SwollmanRule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 938149514SwollmanRule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 939149514SwollmanRule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 940149514SwollmanRule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 941149514SwollmanRule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 942149514SwollmanRule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 943149514SwollmanRule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 944149514SwollmanRule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 945149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 946149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 947149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 948149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 949149514SwollmanRule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 950149514SwollmanRule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 951149514SwollmanRule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 952149514Swollman 9532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 95414343SwollmanZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 95519878Swollman 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 9562742Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 9572742Swollman 9582742Swollman 959105196Swollman 9602742Swollman############################################################################### 9612742Swollman 9622742Swollman# Japan 9632742Swollman 9642742Swollman# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 9652742Swollman 966149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 9679908Swollman# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 9689908Swollman# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 9699908Swollman# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 970149590Swollman 971149590Swollman# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 972149590Swollman# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 973149590Swollman# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 974149590Swollman# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 975149590Swollman# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 976149590Swollman# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 977149590Swollman# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 978149590Swollman# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 979149590Swollman# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 980149590Swollman# wanted to keep it.) 981149590Swollman 982158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 983158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 9849908Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 985149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 986149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 987149590SwollmanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 988149590SwollmanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 989149590Swollman# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 990158421Swollman# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 991149590Swollman# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 992149590Swollman# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 9932742Swollman 99443543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 99543543Swollman# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 99643543Swollman# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 99743543Swollman# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 99843543Swollman# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 99943543Swollman# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 100043543Swollman# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 100143543Swollman 100243543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 100343543Swollman# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 100443543Swollman# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 100543543Swollman# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 100643543Swollman# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 100743543Swollman# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 100843543Swollman# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 100943543Swollman# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 101043543Swollman# standard.... 101143543Swollman# 101243543Swollman# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 101343543Swollman# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 101443543Swollman 1015158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1016158421Swollman# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1017158421Swollman# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 101843543Swollman 10192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 102043543SwollmanZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 102143543Swollman 9:00 - JST 1896 102243543Swollman 9:00 - CJT 1938 1023149590Swollman 9:00 Japan J%sT 102443543Swollman# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 10252742Swollman 10262742Swollman# Jordan 102758787Sru# 102858787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 102958787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 103058787Sru# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 103158787Sru# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 103258787Sru# all year round. 103358787Sru# 103458787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 103558787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 103658787Sru# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 103758787Sru# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 103858787Sru# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 103958787Sru# government's departments from six to seven hours. 104058787Sru# 1041153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1042153670Swollman# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1043153670Swollman# 1044158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1045158421Swollman# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1046158421Swollman# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1047158421Swollman# 1048163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1049163302Sru# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1050163302Sru# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1051163302Sru# 10522742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 105375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 105475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 105575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 105675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 105775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 105875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 105975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 106075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 106175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 106275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 106375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 106475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 106575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 106675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 106775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 106875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 106975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 107075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 107175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 107275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 107358787SruRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1074153670SwollmanRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 107558787SruRule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1076153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1077153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1078163302SruRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1079163302SruRule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 10802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10812742SwollmanZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 108219878Swollman 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 10832742Swollman 1084149514Swollman 10852742Swollman# Kazakhstan 1086149514Swollman 108720094Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1088149514Swollman# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 108920094Swollman# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 109020094Swollman# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 109120094Swollman# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 109220094Swollman# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1093149514Swollman 1094158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 109593799Swollman# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 109693799Swollman# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1097158421Swollman# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1098158421Swollman# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 109993799Swollman# 110093799Swollman# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 110193799Swollman# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 110293799Swollman# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1103149514Swollman 1104149514Swollman# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1105149514Swollman# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1106149514Swollman# </a> 1107149514Swollman# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1108149514Swollman# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1109149514Swollman# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 111093799Swollman# 1111149514Swollman# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1112149514Swollman# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1113149514Swollman# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1114149514Swollman# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1115149514Swollman# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1116149514Swollman# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1117149514Swollman# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1118149514Swollman# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1119149514Swollman# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1120149514Swollman 1121114173Swollman# 11222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 112393799Swollman# 112493799Swollman# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 112543014SwollmanZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 112693799Swollman 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 112793799Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 112893799Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1129149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1130149514Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 113193799Swollman# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 113293799SwollmanZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 113393799Swollman 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 113493799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 113593799Swollman 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 113693799Swollman 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 113793799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 113893799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 113993799Swollman 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1140149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1141149514Swollman 6:00 - QYZT 114293799Swollman# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 114320094SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 114493799Swollman 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 114593799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 114693799Swollman 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 114793799Swollman 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 114893799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 114993799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1150149514Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1151149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 115293799Swollman# Mangghystau 115393799Swollman# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 115493799Swollman# so include time stamps before 1963. 115593799SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 115693799Swollman 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 115793799Swollman 5:00 - FORT 1963 115893799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 115993799Swollman 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 116093799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 116193799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1162121098Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1163149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1164149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 116593799Swollman# West Kazakhstan 116693799SwollmanZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 116793799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 116893799Swollman 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 116993799Swollman 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 117093799Swollman 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 117193799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 117293799Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 117393799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1174149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1175149514Swollman 5:00 - ORAT 11762742Swollman 117767578Swollman# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1178158421Swollman# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1179149514Swollman 1180149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1181149514Swollman# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1182149514Swollman# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1183149514Swollman# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1184149514Swollman# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1185153670Swollman# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1186153670Swollman# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1187153670Swollman# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1188149514Swollman 118920094Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1190153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1191153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1192153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1193153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 11949908Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11959908SwollmanZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 119643014Swollman 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 119719878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 119858787Sru 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1199153670Swollman 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1200153670Swollman 6:00 - KGT 12019908Swollman 12022742Swollman############################################################################### 12032742Swollman 120443014Swollman# Korea (North and South) 12052742Swollman 1206163302Sru# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1207163302Sru# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1208163302Sru# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1209163302Sru# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1210163302Sru# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1211163302Sru# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 12122742Swollman 1213158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 12142742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 12152742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 12162742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1217158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1218158421SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 12192742Swollman 12202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12212742SwollmanZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 12222742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 12232742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 12242742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 12252742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 12262742Swollman 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 12272742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 12282742Swollman 9:00 ROK K%sT 12292742SwollmanZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 12302742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 12312742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 12322742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 12332742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 12342742Swollman 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 12352742Swollman 9:00 - KST 12362742Swollman 12372742Swollman############################################################################### 12382742Swollman 12392742Swollman# Kuwait 12402742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1241169811Swollman# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1242169811Swollman# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1243169811Swollman# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1244169811Swollman# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1245169811Swollman# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1246169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1247169811Swollman# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1248169811Swollman# so for now we assume no DST. 12492742SwollmanZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 12502742Swollman 3:00 - AST 12512742Swollman 12522742Swollman# Laos 12532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 125467578SwollmanZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 125519878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 12562742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 12572742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 12582742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 12592742Swollman 12602742Swollman# Lebanon 12612742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 126219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 12632742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 126419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 12652742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 126619878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 12672742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 126819878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 12692742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 127019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 12712742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 127219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 12732742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 127419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 127519878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 12762742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 127719878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 127820094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 127919878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 128019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 128120094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 128220094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 128320094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 128458787SruRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 128558787SruRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 12862742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12872742SwollmanZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 128819878Swollman 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 12892742Swollman 12902742Swollman# Malaysia 129119878Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 129286222SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 129319878SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 129486222Swollman# 1295136638Swollman# peninsular Malaysia 1296136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1297136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 12982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1299136638SwollmanZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1300136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1301136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1302136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1303136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1304136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1305136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1306136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 130719878Swollman 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 130886222Swollman# Sabah & Sarawak 1309158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1310158421Swollman# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1311136638Swollman# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1312136638Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 131319878SwollmanZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 131419878Swollman 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1315136638Swollman 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1316136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1317136638Swollman 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 131819878Swollman 8:00 - MYT 13192742Swollman 13202742Swollman# Maldives 13212742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 132219878SwollmanZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 132319878Swollman 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 132419878Swollman 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 13252742Swollman 13262742Swollman# Mongolia 132758787Sru 1328158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1329158421Swollman# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 133017200Swollman# both say that it has just one. 133158787Sru 133258787Sru# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 133358787Sru# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 133458787Sru# General Information Mongolia 133558787Sru# </a> (1999-09) 133658787Sru# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 133758787Sru# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 133858787Sru# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 133958787Sru# eight hours." 134058787Sru 134158787Sru# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 134258787Sru# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 134358787Sru# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 134458787Sru# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 134558787Sru# of implementation may have been different.... 134658787Sru# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 134758787Sru# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 134858787Sru# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 134958787Sru 135058787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 135158787Sru# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 135258787Sru# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 135358787Sru# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 135458787Sru# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 135558787Sru# is good enough for our purposes. 135658787Sru 135786222Swollman# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 135886222Swollman# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 135986222Swollman# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 136086222Swollman# there are three time zones. 136186222Swollman# 136286222Swollman# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 136386222Swollman# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 136486222Swollman# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 136586222Swollman# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 136686222Swollman# 136786222Swollman# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 136886222Swollman 1369149514Swollman# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1370136638Swollman# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1371136638Swollman# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1372136638Swollman# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1373136638Swollman# 1374136638Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1375136638Swollman# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1376136638Swollman# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1377136638Swollman 1378149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1379149514Swollman# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1380149514Swollman# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1381149514Swollman# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1382149514Swollman# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1383149514Swollman# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1384149514Swollman# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1385149514Swollman# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1386149514Swollman# He also found 1387149514Swollman# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1388149514Swollman# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1389149514Swollman# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1390149514Swollman# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1391149514Swollman# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1392149514Swollman# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1393149514Swollman# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1394149514Swollman# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1395149514Swollman 1396169811Swollman# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1397169811Swollman# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1398169811Swollman# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1399169811Swollman# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1400169811Swollman 1401181418Sedwin# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1402181418Sedwin# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1403181418Sedwin# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1404181418Sedwin# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1405181418Sedwin# database on this, e.g.: 1406181418Sedwin# 1407181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1408181418Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1409181418Sedwin# </a> 1410181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1411181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1412181418Sedwin# </a> 1413181418Sedwin# 1414181418Sedwin# both say GMT+08:00. 1415181418Sedwin 1416181418Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1417181418Sedwin# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1418181418Sedwin# schedule here: 1419181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1420181418Sedwin# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1421181418Sedwin# </a> 1422181418Sedwin# (click the English flag for English) 1423181418Sedwin# 1424181418Sedwin# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1425181418Sedwin# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1426181418Sedwin# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1427181418Sedwin# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1428181418Sedwin# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1429181418Sedwin# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1430181418Sedwin 1431181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1432181418Sedwin# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1433181418Sedwin# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1434181418Sedwin# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1435181418Sedwin# this is almost surely wrong. 1436181418Sedwin 14372742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 143886222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 143986222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1440158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1441158421Swollman# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1442158421Swollman# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1443158421Swollman# 1444158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1445158421Swollman# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1446158421Swollman# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1447158421Swollman# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1448158421Swollman# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1449158421Swollman# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1450158421Swollman 1451158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1452158421SwollmanRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 145358787Sru# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1454136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1455169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1456169811SwollmanRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 145758787Sru 14582742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 145986222Swollman# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 146058787SruZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 146158787Sru 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 146258787Sru 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 146386222Swollman# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 146458787SruZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 146558787Sru 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 146619878Swollman 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 146786222Swollman# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 146886222Swollman# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 146986222SwollmanZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 147086222Swollman 7:00 - ULAT 1978 147186222Swollman 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1472181418Sedwin 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1473181418Sedwin 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 14742742Swollman 14752742Swollman# Nepal 14762742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1477187588SedwinZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 14782742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1986 147919878Swollman 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 14802742Swollman 14812742Swollman# Oman 14822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14832742SwollmanZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 14842742Swollman 4:00 - GST 14852742Swollman 14862742Swollman# Pakistan 148793799Swollman 148893799Swollman# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 148993799Swollman# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 149093799Swollman# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 149193799Swollman# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 149293799Swollman# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 149393799Swollman# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 149493799Swollman 149593799Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 149693799Swollman# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 149793799Swollman# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 149893799Swollman# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 149993799Swollman# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 150093799Swollman# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 150193799Swollman# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 150293799Swollman# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 150393799Swollman# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 150493799Swollman# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 150593799Swollman# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 150693799Swollman 1507114173Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1508114173Swollman# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1509114173Swollman# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1510114173Swollman 1511114173Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1512114173Swollman# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1513114173Swollman# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1514114173Swollman# 1515114173Swollman# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1516114173Swollman# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1517114173Swollman# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1518114173Swollman# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1519114173Swollman# 1520114173Swollman# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1521114173Swollman# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1522114173Swollman 1523181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1524181418Sedwin# 1525181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1526181418Sedwin# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1527181418Sedwin# 1528181418Sedwin# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1529181418Sedwin# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1530181418Sedwin# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1531181418Sedwin# ...." 1532181418Sedwin# 1533181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1534181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1535181418Sedwin# </a> 1536181418Sedwin# OR 1537181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1538181418Sedwin# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1539181418Sedwin# </a> 1540114173Swollman 1541181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1542181418Sedwin# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1543181418Sedwin 1544183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1545183066Sedwin# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1546183066Sedwin# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1547183066Sedwin# instead of August 31. 1548183066Sedwin# 1549183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1550183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1551183066Sedwin# </a> 1552183066Sedwin# OR 1553183066Sedwin# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1554183066Sedwin# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1555183066Sedwin# </a> 1556183066Sedwin 155793799Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1558114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1559114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1560181418SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1561183066SedwinRule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 15622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15632742SwollmanZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 15642742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 15652742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 15662742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 156719878Swollman 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 156893799Swollman 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 15692742Swollman 15702742Swollman# Palestine 157143014Swollman 1572149514Swollman# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 157343014Swollman# 157443014Swollman# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 157543014Swollman# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 157643014Swollman# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 157743014Swollman# 157843014Swollman# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 157943014Swollman# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 158043014Swollman# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 158143014Swollman# though. 158243014Swollman# 158343014Swollman# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 158443014Swollman# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 158543014Swollman# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 158643014Swollman# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 158743014Swollman# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 158843014Swollman# East Jerusalem. 158943014Swollman# 159043014Swollman# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 159143014Swollman# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 159243014Swollman# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 159343014Swollman# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 159443014Swollman# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 159543014Swollman# 159643014Swollman# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 159743014Swollman# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 159843014Swollman# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 159943014Swollman# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 160043014Swollman# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 160143014Swollman# Jordanian one). 160243014Swollman# 160343014Swollman# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 160443014Swollman# 160543014Swollman# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 160643014Swollman# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 160743014Swollman# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 160843014Swollman# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 160943014Swollman# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 161043014Swollman# 161143014Swollman# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 161243014Swollman# have one). 161343014Swollman 1614158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1615158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 161643014Swollman# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 161743014Swollman# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 161843014Swollman# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 161943014Swollman# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 162043014Swollman# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 162143014Swollman# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 162243014Swollman# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 162343014Swollman# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 162443014Swollman# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 162543014Swollman 162643014Swollman# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 162743014Swollman# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 162843014Swollman# 162943014Swollman# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 163043014Swollman# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 163143014Swollman# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 163243014Swollman# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 163343014Swollman 163458787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 163558787Sru# Daoud Kuttab writes in 163658787Sru# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 163758787Sru# Holiday havoc 163858787Sru# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 163958787Sru# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 164058787Sru# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 164158787Sru# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 164258787Sru# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 164358787Sru 1644153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1645153670Swollman# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1646153670Swollman 1647158421Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1648158421Swollman# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1649158421Swollman# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1650158421Swollman# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1651158421Swollman# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1652158421Swollman 1653163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1654163302Sru# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1655163302Sru# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1656163302Sru# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1657163302Sru# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1658163302Sru# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1659163302Sru# the West Bank. 1660163302Sru 1661163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1662163302Sru# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1663163302Sru# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1664163302Sru# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1665163302Sru# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1666163302Sru# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1667163302Sru# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1668163302Sru# because of the Ramadan. 1669163302Sru 1670172479Sedwin# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1671172479Sedwin# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1672172479Sedwin# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1673172479Sedwin 1674172479Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1675172479Sedwin# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1676172479Sedwin# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1677172479Sedwin# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1678172479Sedwin# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1679172479Sedwin# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1680172479Sedwin 1681183066Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1682183066Sedwin# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1683183066Sedwin# 1684183066Sedwin# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1685183066Sedwin# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1686183066Sedwin# 1687183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1688183066Sedwin# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1689183066Sedwin# </a> 1690183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1691183066Sedwin# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1692183066Sedwin# </a> 1693183066Sedwin# or 1694183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1695183066Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1696183066Sedwin# </a> 1697183066Sedwin 169858787Sru# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 16992742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 170019878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 170117200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 170219878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 170320094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 170417200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 170520094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 170658787Sru 1707163302SruRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1708153670SwollmanRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1709153670SwollmanRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1710163302SruRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1711163302SruRule Palestine 2006 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1712163302SruRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1713183066SedwinRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1714183066SedwinRule Palestine 2008 max - Aug lastThu 2:00 0 - 171558787Sru 17162742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17172742SwollmanZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 171843014Swollman 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 171943014Swollman 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 172043014Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 172158787Sru 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 172258787Sru 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 17232742Swollman 172414343Swollman# Paracel Is 172514343Swollman# no information 172614343Swollman 17272742Swollman# Philippines 172875267Swollman# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 172975267Swollman# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 173075267Swollman# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 173175267Swollman# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1732158421Swollman# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1733158421Swollman 1734158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1735158421Swollman# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1736158421Swollman# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1737158421Swollman# rainy season begins. See 1738158421Swollman# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1739158421Swollman# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1740158421Swollman# 1741158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1742158421Swollman# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1743158421Swollman# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1744158421Swollman# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1745158421Swollman# but no details] 1746158421Swollman 17472742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 174819878SwollmanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 174919878SwollmanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 175019878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 175119878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 175219878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 175319878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 17542742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 175575267SwollmanZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 17562742Swollman 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 175719878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 17582742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 175919878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 17602742Swollman 17612742Swollman# Qatar 17622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 176367578SwollmanZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 17642742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 17652742Swollman 3:00 - AST 17662742Swollman 17672742Swollman# Saudi Arabia 17682742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17692742SwollmanZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 17702742Swollman 3:00 - AST 17712742Swollman 17722742Swollman# Singapore 1773136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1774136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 17752742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1776136638SwollmanZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1777136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1778136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1779136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1780136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1781136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1782136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 178319878Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1784136638Swollman 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 17852742Swollman 8:00 - SGT 17862742Swollman 178714343Swollman# Spratly Is 178814343Swollman# no information 178914343Swollman 17902742Swollman# Sri Lanka 179119878Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 179258787Sru# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 179358787Sru# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 179458787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 179519878Swollman# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 179619878Swollman# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 179730711Swollman# 179830711Swollman# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 179943014Swollman# by Shamindra in 180043014Swollman# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 180143014Swollman# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 180243014Swollman# </a>: 180330711Swollman# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 180430711Swollman# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 180519878Swollman 1806158421Swollman# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 1807158421Swollman# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 1808158421Swollman# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 1809158421Swollman# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 1810158421Swollman 1811158421Swollman# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 1812158421Swollman# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 1813158421Swollman# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 1814158421Swollman# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 1815158421Swollman# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 1816158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 1817177591Sedwin# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 1818158421Swollman# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 1819158421Swollman 1820158421Swollman# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 1821158421Swollman# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 1822158421Swollman# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 1823158421Swollman# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 1824158421Swollman# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 1825158421Swollman# 1826158421Swollman# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 1827158421Swollman# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 1828158421Swollman# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 1829158421Swollman# 1830158421Swollman# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 1831158421Swollman# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 1832158421Swollman# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 1833158421Swollman# item.... 1834158421Swollman# 1835158421Swollman# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 1836158421Swollman# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 1837158421Swollman# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 1838158421Swollman# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 1839158421Swollman# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 1840158421Swollman# 1841158421Swollman# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 1842158421Swollman# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 1843158421Swollman# all computers. 1844158421Swollman 1845158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1846158421Swollman# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 1847158421Swollman# and then see what people actually say in practice. 1848158421Swollman 18492742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 18502742SwollmanZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 185143014Swollman 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 18522742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 18532742Swollman 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 18542742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 185519878Swollman 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 185630711Swollman 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1857158421Swollman 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 1858158421Swollman 5:30 - IST 18592742Swollman 18602742Swollman# Syria 18612742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 186219878SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 18632742SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 186419878SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 18652742SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 186619878SwollmanRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 18672742SwollmanRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 18682742SwollmanRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 18692742SwollmanRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 187019878SwollmanRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 18712742SwollmanRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 187219878SwollmanRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 18732742SwollmanRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 187419878SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 18752742SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 187619878SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 18772742SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 187819878SwollmanRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 18792742SwollmanRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 188019878SwollmanRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 188119878SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 18822742SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 188320094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 188420094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 188520094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 188620094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 188720094SwollmanRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 188820094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 188920094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 189058787Sru# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 189158787Sru# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 189258787Sru# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1893163302Sru# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 1894163302Sru# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 1895163302Sru# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 189658787SruRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1897163302SruRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 189858787SruRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1899169811SwollmanRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1900163302Sru# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 1901163302Sru# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 1902163302Sru# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 1903163302SruRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1904169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1905169811Swollman# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 1906169811Swollman# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 1907177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1908173319Sedwin# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 1909173319Sedwin# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 1910173319Sedwin# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 1911173319Sedwin# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 1912173319Sedwin# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 1913173319Sedwin# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 1914173319Sedwin# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 1915173319Sedwin# 1916173319Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 1917173319Sedwin# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 1918173319Sedwin# 1919173319Sedwin# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 1920173319Sedwin# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 1921173319Sedwin# 1922173319Sedwin# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 1923173319Sedwin# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 1924173319Sedwin# 1925173319Sedwin# which using Google's translate tools says: 1926173319Sedwin# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 1927173319Sedwin# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 1928173319Sedwin# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 1929177591SedwinRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1930177591Sedwin 1931177591Sedwin# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 1932177591Sedwin# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 1933177591Sedwin# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 1934177591Sedwin# are now using: 1935177591Sedwin# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 1936177591Sedwin# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 1937177591Sedwin# Variation 1938177591Sedwin# Syrian Arab 1939177591Sedwin# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 1940177591Sedwin# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 1941177591Sedwin# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 1942177591Sedwin 1943177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 1944177591Sedwin# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 1945177591Sedwin# Agency (SANA)... 1946177591Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 1947177591Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 1948177591Sedwin# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 1949177591Sedwin# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 1950177591Sedwin# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 1951177591Sedwin# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 1952177591Sedwin# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 1953177591Sedwin 1954177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 1955177591Sedwin# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 1956177591Sedwin# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 1957177591Sedwin# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 1958177591Sedwin# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 1959177591Sedwin 1960183864Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 1961183864Sedwin# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 1962183864Sedwin# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 1963183864Sedwin# 1964183864Sedwin# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 1965183864Sedwin# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 1966183864Sedwin# clocks back 60 minutes). 1967183864Sedwin# 1968183864Sedwin# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 1969183864Sedwin# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 1970183864Sedwin# </a> 1971183864Sedwin 1972190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 1973190372Sedwin# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 1974190372Sedwin# two examples: 1975190372Sedwin# 1976190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 1977190372Sedwin# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 1978190372Sedwin# </a> 1979190372Sedwin# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 1980190372Sedwin# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 1981190372Sedwin# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 1982190372Sedwin# </a> 1983190372Sedwin# (Arabic, gov-site) 1984190372Sedwin# 1985190372Sedwin# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 1986190372Sedwin# 1987190372Sedwin# Our summary 1988190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 1989190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 1990190372Sedwin# </a> 1991190372Sedwin 1992190372SedwinRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1993183864SedwinRule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1994190372SedwinRule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1995177591Sedwin 19962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 199767578SwollmanZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 199819878Swollman 2:00 Syria EE%sT 19992742Swollman 20002742Swollman# Tajikistan 2001158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 20022742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20032742SwollmanZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 200443014Swollman 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 200519878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 200658787Sru 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 200719878Swollman 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 20082742Swollman 20092742Swollman# Thailand 20102742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20112742SwollmanZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 201219878Swollman 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 20132742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 20142742Swollman 20152742Swollman# Turkmenistan 2016158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger. 20172742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 201867578SwollmanZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 201943014Swollman 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 202058787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 202158787Sru 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2022158421Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 202343014Swollman 5:00 - TMT 20242742Swollman 20252742Swollman# United Arab Emirates 20262742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20272742SwollmanZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 20282742Swollman 4:00 - GST 20292742Swollman 20302742Swollman# Uzbekistan 20312742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 203243014SwollmanZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 203343014Swollman 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 203443014Swollman 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 203543014Swollman 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2036158421Swollman 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2037158421Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 203858787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 203943014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 20402742SwollmanZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 204143014Swollman 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2042158421Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 204358787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 204458787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 204543014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 20462742Swollman 20472742Swollman# Vietnam 2048158421Swollman 2049177591Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2050177591Sedwin# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2051177591Sedwin# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2052158421Swollman 2053158421Swollman# From Shanks & Pottenger: 20542742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2055177591SedwinZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 205619878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 20572742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 20582742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 20592742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 20602742Swollman 20612742Swollman# Yemen 20622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 20632742SwollmanZone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 20642742Swollman 3:00 - AST 2065