asia revision 183864
1160814Ssimon# @(#)asia 8.24 2160814Ssimon# <pre> 3160814Ssimon 4160814Ssimon# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 5160814Ssimon# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6238405Sjkim# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 7160814Ssimon 8160814Ssimon# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 9160814Ssimon# 10160814Ssimon# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 11160814Ssimon# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 12160814Ssimon# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 13160814Ssimon# 14160814Ssimon# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 15160814Ssimon# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 16160814Ssimon# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 17160814Ssimon# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 18160814Ssimon# of the IATA's data after 1990. 19160814Ssimon# 20160814Ssimon# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 21160814Ssimon# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 22160814Ssimon# 23160814Ssimon# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 24160814Ssimon# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 25160814Ssimon# I found in the UCLA library. 26160814Ssimon# 27160814Ssimon# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 28160814Ssimon# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 29160814Ssimon# 30160814Ssimon# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 31160814Ssimon# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 32160814Ssimon# Corrections are welcome! 33160814Ssimon# std dst 34160814Ssimon# LMT Local Mean Time 35160814Ssimon# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 36160814Ssimon# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 37160814Ssimon# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 38160814Ssimon# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 39160814Ssimon# 4:00 GST Gulf* 40160814Ssimon# 5:30 IST India 41160814Ssimon# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 42160814Ssimon# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 43160814Ssimon# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 44160814Ssimon# 8:00 CST China 45160814Ssimon# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 46160814Ssimon# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 47160814Ssimon# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 48160814Ssimon# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 49160814Ssimon# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 50160814Ssimon# 51160814Ssimon# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 52160814Ssimon 53160814Ssimon# From Guy Harris: 54160814Ssimon# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 55160814Ssimon# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 56160814Ssimon# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 57160814Ssimon# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 58160814Ssimon 59160814Ssimon############################################################################### 60160814Ssimon 61160814Ssimon# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 62160814Ssimon# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 63160814SsimonRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 64160814SsimonRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 65160814SsimonRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 66160814SsimonRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 67160814SsimonRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 68160814SsimonRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 69160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 70160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 71160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 72160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 73160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 74160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 75238405SjkimRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 76160814SsimonRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 77238405SjkimRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 78238405Sjkim 79160814Ssimon# Afghanistan 80238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 81238405SjkimZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 82238405Sjkim 4:00 - AFT 1945 83160814Ssimon 4:30 - AFT 84160814Ssimon 85160814Ssimon# Armenia 86238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 87238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 88238405Sjkim# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 89238405Sjkim# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 90238405Sjkim# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 91238405Sjkim# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 92238405Sjkim# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 93238405Sjkim# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 94238405Sjkim# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 95238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 96238405SjkimZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 97238405Sjkim 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 98238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 99238405Sjkim 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 100238405Sjkim 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 101238405Sjkim 4:00 - AMT 1997 102238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 103238405Sjkim 104238405Sjkim# Azerbaijan 105238405Sjkim# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 106238405Sjkim# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 107238405Sjkim# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 108238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 109238405SjkimRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 110160814SsimonRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 111160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 112238405SjkimZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 113238405Sjkim 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 114238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 115238405Sjkim 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 116238405Sjkim 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 117238405Sjkim 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 118238405Sjkim 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 119238405Sjkim 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 120238405Sjkim 121238405Sjkim# Bahrain 122238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 123238405SjkimZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 124238405Sjkim 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 125238405Sjkim 3:00 - AST 126238405Sjkim 127238405Sjkim# Bangladesh 128238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 129238405SjkimZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 130238405Sjkim 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 131238405Sjkim 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 132238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 133238405Sjkim 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 134238405Sjkim 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 135238405Sjkim 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 136160814Ssimon 137160814Ssimon# Bhutan 138238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139238405SjkimZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 140238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 141238405Sjkim 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 142238405Sjkim 143238405Sjkim# British Indian Ocean Territory 144238405Sjkim# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 145238405Sjkim# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 146238405Sjkim# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 147238405Sjkim# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 148238405Sjkim# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 149238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 150238405SjkimZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 151238405Sjkim 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 152238405Sjkim 6:00 - IOT 153238405Sjkim 154238405Sjkim# Brunei 155238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156238405SjkimZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 157238405Sjkim 7:30 - BNT 1933 158238405Sjkim 8:00 - BNT 159238405Sjkim 160238405Sjkim# Burma / Myanmar 161238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 162238405SjkimZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 163238405Sjkim 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 164238405Sjkim 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 165238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 166238405Sjkim 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 167238405Sjkim 168238405Sjkim# Cambodia 169238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 170238405SjkimZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 171238405Sjkim 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 172238405Sjkim 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 173238405Sjkim 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 174160814Ssimon 7:00 - ICT 175160814Ssimon 176238405Sjkim# China 177238405Sjkim 178238405Sjkim# From Guy Harris: 179238405Sjkim# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 180238405Sjkim 181238405Sjkim# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 182238405Sjkim# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 183238405Sjkim# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 184238405Sjkim# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 185238405Sjkim# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 186238405Sjkim# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 187238405Sjkim# 188238405Sjkim# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 189238405Sjkim# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 190238405Sjkim# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 191238405Sjkim# 192238405Sjkim# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 193238405Sjkim# 1987 mid-April - ?? 194238405Sjkim 195238405Sjkim# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 196238405Sjkim# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 197238405Sjkim# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 198238405Sjkim 199238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 200238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 201238405Sjkim# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 202238405Sjkim# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 203238405Sjkim# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 204238405Sjkim# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 205238405Sjkim# pre-1980 time zones. 206238405Sjkim 207238405Sjkim# From Shanks & Pottenger: 208238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 209238405SjkimRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 210238405SjkimRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 211238405SjkimRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 212238405SjkimRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 213238405SjkimRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 214238405SjkimRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 215238405Sjkim 216238405Sjkim# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 217238405Sjkim# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 218238405Sjkim# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 219238405Sjkim# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 220238405Sjkim# 221238405Sjkim# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 222238405Sjkim# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 223238405Sjkim# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 224160814Ssimon# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 225238405Sjkim# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 226160814Ssimon# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 227238405Sjkim# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 228238405Sjkim# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 229238405Sjkim# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 230238405Sjkim# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 231238405Sjkim 232238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 233238405Sjkim# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 234238405Sjkim# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 235238405Sjkim# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 236238405Sjkim# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 237238405Sjkim# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 238238405Sjkim# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 239238405Sjkim# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 240238405Sjkim# 241238405Sjkim# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 242238405Sjkim# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 243238405Sjkim# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 244238405Sjkim# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 245238405Sjkim# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 246238405Sjkim# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 247238405Sjkim# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 248238405Sjkim# 249238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 250238405Sjkim# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 251160814Ssimon# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 252160814Ssimon# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 253238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger. 254238405Sjkim 255238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 256238405Sjkim# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 257238405Sjkim# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 258238405SjkimZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 259238405Sjkim 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 260238405Sjkim 8:00 - CST 1940 261238405Sjkim 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 262238405Sjkim 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 263238405Sjkim 8:00 PRC C%sT 264238405Sjkim# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 265238405Sjkim# most of China 266238405SjkimZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 267238405Sjkim 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 268238405Sjkim 8:00 PRC C%sT 269238405Sjkim# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 270238405Sjkim# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 271238405Sjkim# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 272238405Sjkim# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 273238405Sjkim# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 274238405SjkimZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 275238405Sjkim 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 276238405Sjkim 8:00 PRC C%sT 277160814Ssimon# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 278160814Ssimon# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 279238405Sjkim# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 280238405Sjkim# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 281238405Sjkim# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 282238405Sjkim# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 283238405Sjkim# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 284238405Sjkim# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 285238405Sjkim# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 286238405SjkimZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 287238405Sjkim 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 288238405Sjkim 8:00 PRC C%sT 289238405Sjkim# Kunlun Time 290238405Sjkim# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 291238405Sjkim# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 292238405Sjkim# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 293238405Sjkim# and Yarkand. 294238405SjkimZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 295238405Sjkim 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 296238405Sjkim 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 297238405Sjkim 8:00 PRC C%sT 298238405Sjkim 299238405Sjkim# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 300238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 301238405SjkimRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 302238405SjkimRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 303238405SjkimRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 304238405SjkimRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 305238405SjkimRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 306238405SjkimRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 307238405SjkimRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 308160814SsimonRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 309160814SsimonRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 310238405SjkimRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 311238405SjkimRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 312238405SjkimRule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 313238405SjkimRule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 314238405SjkimRule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 315238405SjkimRule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 316238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 317238405SjkimZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 318238405Sjkim 8:00 HK HK%sT 319238405Sjkim 320238405Sjkim 321238405Sjkim############################################################################### 322238405Sjkim 323238405Sjkim# Taiwan 324238405Sjkim 325238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 326238405Sjkim# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 327238405Sjkim# have any other information. 328238405Sjkim 329238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 330238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 331238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 332238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 333238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 334238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 335238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 336238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 337238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 338238405SjkimRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 339160814SsimonRule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 340160814SsimonRule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 341238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 342238405SjkimZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 343238405Sjkim 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 344238405Sjkim 345238405Sjkim# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 346238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 347238405SjkimRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 348238405SjkimRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 349238405SjkimRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 350238405SjkimRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 351238405SjkimRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 352238405SjkimRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 353238405SjkimRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 354238405SjkimRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 355238405SjkimRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 356238405SjkimRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 357238405SjkimRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 358238405SjkimRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 359238405SjkimRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 360238405SjkimRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 361238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 362238405SjkimZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 363238405Sjkim 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 364238405Sjkim 8:00 PRC C%sT 365238405Sjkim 366238405Sjkim 367238405Sjkim############################################################################### 368238405Sjkim 369238405Sjkim# Cyprus 370160814Ssimon# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 371160814SsimonRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 372238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 373238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 374238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 375238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 376238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 377238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 378238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 379238405SjkimRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 380238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 381238405SjkimZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 382238405Sjkim 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 383238405Sjkim 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 384238405Sjkim# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 385238405Sjkim 386238405Sjkim# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 387238405Sjkim# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 388238405SjkimLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 389238405Sjkim 390238405Sjkim# Georgia 391238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 392238405Sjkim# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 393238405Sjkim# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 394238405Sjkim# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 395238405Sjkim# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 396238405Sjkim# 397238405Sjkim# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 398238405Sjkim# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 399238405Sjkim# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 400238405Sjkim# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 401238405Sjkim# 402238405Sjkim# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 403160814Ssimon# 404238405Sjkim# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 405160814Ssimon# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 406238405Sjkim# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 407238405Sjkim# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 408238405Sjkim# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 409238405Sjkim# of integration into Europe. 410238405Sjkim 411238405Sjkim# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 412238405Sjkim# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 413238405Sjkim# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 414238405Sjkim# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 415238405Sjkim# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 416238405Sjkim# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 417238405Sjkim# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 418238405Sjkim# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 419238405Sjkim# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 420238405Sjkim 421238405Sjkim 422238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 423238405SjkimZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 424160814Ssimon 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 425160814Ssimon 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 426238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 427238405Sjkim 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 428238405Sjkim 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 429238405Sjkim 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 430238405Sjkim 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 431238405Sjkim 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 432238405Sjkim 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 433238405Sjkim 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 434238405Sjkim 4:00 - GET 435238405Sjkim 436238405Sjkim# East Timor 437238405Sjkim 438238405Sjkim# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 439238405Sjkim 440238405Sjkim# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 441238405Sjkim# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 442238405Sjkim# East Timor may be late for its millennium 443238405Sjkim# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 444160814Ssimon# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 445160814Ssimon# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 446238405Sjkim# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 447238405Sjkim# conflicts with their way of life. 448238405Sjkim 449238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 450238405Sjkim# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 451238405Sjkim# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 452238405Sjkim 453238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 454238405Sjkim# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 455238405Sjkim# (2000-08-16)</a>: 456238405Sjkim# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 457238405Sjkim# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 458238405Sjkim# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 459238405Sjkim# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 460238405Sjkim 461238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 462238405SjkimZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 463238405Sjkim 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 464160814Ssimon 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 465160814Ssimon 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 466238405Sjkim 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 467238405Sjkim 9:00 - TLT 468238405Sjkim 469238405Sjkim# India 470238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 471238405SjkimZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 472238405Sjkim 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 473238405Sjkim 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 474238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 475238405Sjkim 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 476238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 477238405Sjkim# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 478238405Sjkim# Andaman Is 479238405Sjkim# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 480238405Sjkim# Nicobar Is 481238405Sjkim 482238405Sjkim# Indonesia 483238405Sjkim# 484160814Ssimon# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 485160814Ssimon# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 486238405Sjkim# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 487238405Sjkim# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 488238405Sjkim# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 489238405Sjkim# 490238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 491238405Sjkim# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 492238405Sjkim# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 493238405Sjkim# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 494238405Sjkim# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 495238405Sjkim# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 496238405Sjkim# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 497238405Sjkim# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 498238405Sjkim# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 499238405Sjkim# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 500238405Sjkim# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 501238405Sjkim# switched on 1945-09-23. 502238405Sjkim# 503238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 504238405SjkimZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 505238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 506238405Sjkim# but this must be a typo. 507238405Sjkim 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 508160814Ssimon 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 509160814Ssimon 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 510238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 511238405Sjkim 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 512238405Sjkim 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 513238405Sjkim 7:30 - WIT 1964 514238405Sjkim 7:00 - WIT 515238405SjkimZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 516238405Sjkim 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 517238405Sjkim 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 518238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 519238405Sjkim 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 520238405Sjkim 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 521238405Sjkim 7:30 - WIT 1964 522238405Sjkim 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 523238405Sjkim 7:00 - WIT 524238405SjkimZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 525238405Sjkim 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 526238405Sjkim 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 527238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 528238405Sjkim 8:00 - CIT 529238405SjkimZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 530238405Sjkim 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 531238405Sjkim 9:30 - CST 1964 532238405Sjkim 9:00 - EIT 533238405Sjkim 534160814Ssimon# Iran 535160814Ssimon 536238405Sjkim# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 537238405Sjkim# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 538238405Sjkim# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 539238405Sjkim# 540238405Sjkim# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 541238405Sjkim# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 542238405Sjkim# 543238405Sjkim# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 544238405Sjkim# 545238405Sjkim# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 546238405Sjkim# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 547238405Sjkim# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 548238405Sjkim# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 549238405Sjkim# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 550238405Sjkim# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 551238405Sjkim# 552238405Sjkim# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 553238405Sjkim# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 554238405Sjkim# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 555238405Sjkim# Shahrivar. 556238405Sjkim# 557238405Sjkim# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 558238405Sjkim# 559238405Sjkim# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 560160814Ssimon# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 561160814Ssimon# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 562238405Sjkim# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 563238405Sjkim# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 564238405Sjkim# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 565238405Sjkim# 566238405Sjkim# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 567238405Sjkim# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 568238405Sjkim# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 569238405Sjkim# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 570238405Sjkim# plan to change that law.... 571238405Sjkim# 572238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 573238405Sjkim# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 574238405Sjkim# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 575238405Sjkim# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 576238405Sjkim# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 577238405Sjkim# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 578238405Sjkim# 579238405Sjkim# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 580238405Sjkim# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 581238405Sjkim# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 582238405Sjkim# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 583238405Sjkim# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 584160814Ssimon# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 585160814Ssimon# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 586238405Sjkim# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 587238405Sjkim# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 588238405Sjkim# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 589238405Sjkim# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 590238405Sjkim# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 591238405Sjkim# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 592238405Sjkim# 593238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 594238405Sjkim# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 595238405Sjkim# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 596238405Sjkim# 597238405Sjkim# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 598238405Sjkim# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 599238405Sjkim# daylight saving time ... 600238405Sjkim# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 601238405Sjkim# 602238405Sjkim# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 603238405Sjkim# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 604238405Sjkim# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 605238405Sjkim# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 606238405Sjkim# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 607238405Sjkim# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 608160814Ssimon# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 609160814Ssimon# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 610238405Sjkim# 611238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 612238405SjkimRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 613238405SjkimRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 614238405SjkimRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 615238405SjkimRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 616238405SjkimRule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 617238405SjkimRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 618238405SjkimRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 619238405SjkimRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 620238405SjkimRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 621238405SjkimRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 622238405SjkimRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 623238405SjkimRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 624238405SjkimRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 625238405SjkimRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 626238405SjkimRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 627238405SjkimRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 628238405SjkimRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 629238405SjkimRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 630238405SjkimRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 631238405SjkimRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 632238405SjkimRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 633238405SjkimRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 634238405SjkimRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 635238405SjkimRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 636238405SjkimRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 637238405SjkimRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 638160814SsimonRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 639160814SsimonRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 640160814SsimonRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 641238405SjkimRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 642238405SjkimRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 643238405SjkimRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 644238405SjkimRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 645238405SjkimRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 646238405SjkimRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 647238405SjkimRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 648238405SjkimRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 649238405SjkimRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 650238405SjkimRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 651238405SjkimRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 652238405SjkimRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 653238405SjkimRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 654238405SjkimRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 655238405SjkimRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 656238405SjkimRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 657160814SsimonRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 658160814SsimonRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 659238405SjkimRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 660238405SjkimRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 661238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 662238405SjkimZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 663238405Sjkim 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 664238405Sjkim 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 665238405Sjkim 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 666238405Sjkim 3:30 Iran IR%sT 667238405Sjkim 668238405Sjkim 669238405Sjkim# Iraq 670238405Sjkim# 671238405Sjkim# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 672238405Sjkim# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 673238405Sjkim# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 674238405Sjkim# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 675238405Sjkim# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 676238405Sjkim# 677238405Sjkim# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 678238405Sjkim# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 679238405Sjkim# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 680238405Sjkim# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 681160814Ssimon# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 682160814Ssimon# 683238405Sjkim# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 684238405Sjkim 685238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 686238405Sjkim# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 687238405Sjkim# news sources (in Arabic): 688238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 689238405Sjkim# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 690238405Sjkim# </a> 691238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 692238405Sjkim# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 693238405Sjkim# </a> 694238405Sjkim# 695238405Sjkim# We have published a short article in English about the change: 696238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 697238405Sjkim# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 698238405Sjkim# </a> 699238405Sjkim 700238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 701238405SjkimRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 702238405SjkimRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 703238405SjkimRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 704238405SjkimRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 705160814SsimonRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 706160814SsimonRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 707238405Sjkim# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 708238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 709160814Ssimon# 710238405SjkimRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 711238405SjkimRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 712238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 713238405SjkimZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 714238405Sjkim 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 715238405Sjkim 3:00 - AST 1982 May 716238405Sjkim 3:00 Iraq A%sT 717238405Sjkim 718238405Sjkim 719238405Sjkim############################################################################### 720238405Sjkim 721238405Sjkim# Israel 722238405Sjkim 723238405Sjkim# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 724238405Sjkim# 725238405Sjkim# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 726238405Sjkim# different abbreviations in use: 727238405Sjkim# 728160814Ssimon# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 729160814Ssimon# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 730238405Sjkim# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 731238405Sjkim# 732238405Sjkim# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 733238405Sjkim# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 734238405Sjkim# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 735238405Sjkim# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 736238405Sjkim# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 737238405Sjkim# settings in Israeli computers. 738238405Sjkim# 739238405Sjkim# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 740238405Sjkim# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 741238405Sjkim# family is from India). 742238405Sjkim 743238405Sjkim# From Shanks & Pottenger: 744238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 745238405SjkimRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 746238405SjkimRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 747238405SjkimRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 748160814SsimonRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 749160814SsimonRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 750238405SjkimRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 751238405SjkimRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 752238405SjkimRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 753238405SjkimRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 754238405SjkimRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 755238405SjkimRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 756238405SjkimRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 757238405SjkimRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 758238405SjkimRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 759238405SjkimRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 760238405SjkimRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 761238405SjkimRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 762238405SjkimRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 763238405SjkimRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 764238405SjkimRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 765238405SjkimRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 766238405SjkimRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 767238405SjkimRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 768160814SsimonRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 769160814SsimonRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 770238405SjkimRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 771238405SjkimRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 772238405SjkimRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 773238405SjkimRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 774238405SjkimRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 775238405SjkimRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 776238405SjkimRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 777238405SjkimRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 778238405SjkimRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 779238405SjkimRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 780238405SjkimRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 781238405SjkimRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 782238405SjkimRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 783238405SjkimRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 784238405SjkimRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 785238405Sjkim 786238405Sjkim# From Ephraim Silverberg 787238405Sjkim# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 788160814Ssimon# and 2005-02-17): 789160814Ssimon 790238405Sjkim# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 791238405Sjkim# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 792238405Sjkim# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 793238405Sjkim# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 794238405Sjkim# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 795238405Sjkim# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 796238405Sjkim# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 797238405Sjkim# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 798238405Sjkim# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 799238405Sjkim# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 800238405Sjkim# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 801238405Sjkim# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 802238405Sjkim# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 803238405Sjkim# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 804238405Sjkim# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 805238405Sjkim# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 806238405Sjkim# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 807238405Sjkim# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 808238405Sjkim# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 809238405Sjkim# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 810238405Sjkim# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 811238405Sjkim# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 812160814Ssimon 813160814Ssimon# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 814238405SjkimRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 815238405SjkimRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 816238405SjkimRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 817238405SjkimRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 818238405SjkimRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 819160814SsimonRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 820160814SsimonRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 821238405SjkimRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 822238405SjkimRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 823238405SjkimRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 824160814Ssimon 825238405Sjkim# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 826238405Sjkim# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 827238405Sjkim# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 828238405Sjkim 829238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 830238405SjkimRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 831238405SjkimRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 832238405SjkimRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 833238405SjkimRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 834238405Sjkim 835238405Sjkim# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 836238405Sjkim# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 837238405Sjkim# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 838238405Sjkim# 839238405Sjkim# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 840238405Sjkim# 841238405Sjkim# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 842238405Sjkim# 843160814Ssimon# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 844160814Ssimon# 845238405Sjkim# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 846238405Sjkim# 847238405Sjkim# where YYYY is the relevant year. 848238405Sjkim 849238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 850160814SsimonRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 851238405SjkimRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 852238405SjkimRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 853238405SjkimRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 854160814SsimonRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 855238405SjkimRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 856238405SjkimRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 857238405SjkimRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 858238405Sjkim 859238405Sjkim# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 860238405Sjkim# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 861238405Sjkim# years 2001-2004 as well. 862238405Sjkim# 863238405Sjkim# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 864238405Sjkim# 865238405Sjkim# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 866238405Sjkim# 867238405Sjkim# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 868238405Sjkim# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 869238405Sjkim# 870238405Sjkim# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 871238405Sjkim 872238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 873160814SsimonRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 874160814SsimonRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 875238405SjkimRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 876238405SjkimRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 877238405SjkimRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 878238405SjkimRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 879238405SjkimRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 880238405SjkimRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 881238405SjkimRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 882238405SjkimRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 883238405Sjkim 884238405Sjkim# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 885238405Sjkim# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 886238405Sjkim# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 887238405Sjkim# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 888238405Sjkim# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 889238405Sjkim# 890238405Sjkim# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 891238405Sjkim# 892238405Sjkim# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 893238405Sjkim 894238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 895238405Sjkim# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 896238405Sjkim# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 897238405Sjkim# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 898238405Sjkim# to generate the transitions in this list. 899160814Ssimon# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 900160814Ssimon# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 901238405Sjkim# 902238405Sjkim# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 903238405Sjkim# 904238405Sjkim# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 905238405Sjkim# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 906238405Sjkim# springtime transitions explicitly. 907238405Sjkim 908238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 909238405SjkimRule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 910238405SjkimRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 911238405SjkimRule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 912238405SjkimRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 913238405SjkimRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 914238405SjkimRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 915238405SjkimRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 916238405SjkimRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 917238405SjkimRule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 918238405SjkimRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 919238405SjkimRule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 920238405SjkimRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 921238405SjkimRule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 922238405SjkimRule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 923238405SjkimRule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 924238405SjkimRule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 925160814SsimonRule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 926160814SsimonRule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 927238405SjkimRule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 928238405SjkimRule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 929238405SjkimRule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 930238405SjkimRule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 931238405SjkimRule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 932238405SjkimRule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 933238405SjkimRule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 934238405SjkimRule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 935238405SjkimRule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 936238405SjkimRule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 937238405SjkimRule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 938238405SjkimRule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 939238405SjkimRule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 940238405SjkimRule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 941238405SjkimRule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 942238405SjkimRule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 943238405SjkimRule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 944238405SjkimRule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 945238405SjkimRule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 946238405SjkimRule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 947238405SjkimRule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 948238405SjkimRule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 949238405SjkimRule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 950238405SjkimRule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 951238405SjkimRule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 952238405Sjkim 953238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 954160814SsimonZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 955160814Ssimon 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 956238405Sjkim 2:00 Zion I%sT 957238405Sjkim 958238405Sjkim 959238405Sjkim 960238405Sjkim############################################################################### 961238405Sjkim 962238405Sjkim# Japan 963238405Sjkim 964238405Sjkim# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 965238405Sjkim 966238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 967238405Sjkim# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 968238405Sjkim# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 969238405Sjkim# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 970238405Sjkim 971238405Sjkim# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 972238405Sjkim# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 973238405Sjkim# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 974238405Sjkim# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 975238405Sjkim# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 976238405Sjkim# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 977238405Sjkim# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 978238405Sjkim# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 979238405Sjkim# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 980238405Sjkim# wanted to keep it.) 981238405Sjkim 982238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 983238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 984238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 985160814SsimonRule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 986160814SsimonRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 987238405SjkimRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 988238405SjkimRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 989238405Sjkim# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 990238405Sjkim# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 991238405Sjkim# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 992238405Sjkim# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 993238405Sjkim 994238405Sjkim# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 995238405Sjkim# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 996238405Sjkim# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 997238405Sjkim# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 998238405Sjkim# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 999238405Sjkim# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1000238405Sjkim# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1001238405Sjkim 1002238405Sjkim# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1003238405Sjkim# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1004238405Sjkim# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1005238405Sjkim# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1006238405Sjkim# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1007238405Sjkim# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1008238405Sjkim# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1009238405Sjkim# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1010238405Sjkim# standard.... 1011238405Sjkim# 1012238405Sjkim# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1013238405Sjkim# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1014160814Ssimon 1015160814Ssimon# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1016238405Sjkim# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1017238405Sjkim# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1018238405Sjkim 1019238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1020238405SjkimZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1021238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1896 1022238405Sjkim 9:00 - CJT 1938 1023238405Sjkim 9:00 Japan J%sT 1024238405Sjkim# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1025238405Sjkim 1026238405Sjkim# Jordan 1027238405Sjkim# 1028238405Sjkim# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1029238405Sjkim# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1030238405Sjkim# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1031238405Sjkim# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1032238405Sjkim# all year round. 1033238405Sjkim# 1034238405Sjkim# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1035238405Sjkim# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1036238405Sjkim# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1037238405Sjkim# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1038238405Sjkim# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1039238405Sjkim# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1040238405Sjkim# 1041238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1042238405Sjkim# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1043238405Sjkim# 1044160814Ssimon# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1045160814Ssimon# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1046238405Sjkim# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1047238405Sjkim# 1048238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1049238405Sjkim# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1050238405Sjkim# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1051238405Sjkim# 1052238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1053238405SjkimRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1054238405SjkimRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1055238405SjkimRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1056238405SjkimRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1057238405SjkimRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1058238405SjkimRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1059238405SjkimRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1060238405SjkimRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1061238405SjkimRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1062238405SjkimRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1063238405SjkimRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1064238405SjkimRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1065238405SjkimRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1066238405SjkimRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1067238405SjkimRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1068238405SjkimRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1069238405SjkimRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1070238405SjkimRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1071238405SjkimRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1072238405SjkimRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1073238405SjkimRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1074238405SjkimRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 1075238405SjkimRule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1076160814SsimonRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1077160814SsimonRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1078238405SjkimRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1079238405SjkimRule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1080238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1081238405SjkimZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1082238405Sjkim 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1083238405Sjkim 1084238405Sjkim 1085238405Sjkim# Kazakhstan 1086238405Sjkim 1087238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1088238405Sjkim# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1089238405Sjkim# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1090238405Sjkim# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1091238405Sjkim# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1092238405Sjkim# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1093238405Sjkim 1094238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1095238405Sjkim# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1096238405Sjkim# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1097238405Sjkim# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1098238405Sjkim# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1099238405Sjkim# 1100238405Sjkim# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1101238405Sjkim# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1102238405Sjkim# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1103238405Sjkim 1104238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1105238405Sjkim# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1106238405Sjkim# </a> 1107238405Sjkim# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1108238405Sjkim# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1109238405Sjkim# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1110238405Sjkim# 1111238405Sjkim# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1112238405Sjkim# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1113238405Sjkim# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1114238405Sjkim# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1115238405Sjkim# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1116238405Sjkim# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1117238405Sjkim# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1118160814Ssimon# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1119160814Ssimon# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1120238405Sjkim 1121238405Sjkim# 1122238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1123238405Sjkim# 1124238405Sjkim# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1125238405SjkimZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1126238405Sjkim 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1127238405Sjkim 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1128238405Sjkim 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1129238405Sjkim 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1130238405Sjkim 6:00 - ALMT 1131238405Sjkim# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1132238405SjkimZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1133238405Sjkim 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1134238405Sjkim 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1135238405Sjkim 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1136238405Sjkim 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1137238405Sjkim 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1138238405Sjkim 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1139238405Sjkim 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1140238405Sjkim 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1141238405Sjkim 6:00 - QYZT 1142238405Sjkim# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1143238405SjkimZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1144238405Sjkim 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1145238405Sjkim 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1146238405Sjkim 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1147238405Sjkim 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1148238405Sjkim 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1149238405Sjkim 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1150238405Sjkim 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1151238405Sjkim 5:00 - AQTT 1152238405Sjkim# Mangghystau 1153238405Sjkim# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1154238405Sjkim# so include time stamps before 1963. 1155238405SjkimZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1156238405Sjkim 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1157238405Sjkim 5:00 - FORT 1963 1158238405Sjkim 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1159238405Sjkim 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1160238405Sjkim 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1161238405Sjkim 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1162160814Ssimon 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1163160814Ssimon 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1164238405Sjkim 5:00 - AQTT 1165238405Sjkim# West Kazakhstan 1166238405SjkimZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1167238405Sjkim 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1168238405Sjkim 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1169238405Sjkim 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1170238405Sjkim 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1171238405Sjkim 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1172238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1173238405Sjkim 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1174238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1175238405Sjkim 5:00 - ORAT 1176238405Sjkim 1177238405Sjkim# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1178238405Sjkim# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1179238405Sjkim 1180238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1181238405Sjkim# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1182238405Sjkim# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1183238405Sjkim# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1184238405Sjkim# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1185238405Sjkim# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1186238405Sjkim# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1187238405Sjkim# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1188238405Sjkim 1189238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1190238405SjkimRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1191238405SjkimRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1192238405SjkimRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1193238405SjkimRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1194238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1195238405SjkimZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1196238405Sjkim 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1197238405Sjkim 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1198238405Sjkim 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1199238405Sjkim 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1200238405Sjkim 6:00 - KGT 1201238405Sjkim 1202238405Sjkim############################################################################### 1203238405Sjkim 1204238405Sjkim# Korea (North and South) 1205238405Sjkim 1206238405Sjkim# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1207238405Sjkim# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1208238405Sjkim# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1209238405Sjkim# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1210238405Sjkim# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1211238405Sjkim# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1212238405Sjkim 1213238405Sjkim# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1214238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1215238405SjkimRule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1216160814SsimonRule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1217160814SsimonRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1218238405SjkimRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1219238405Sjkim 1220238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1221238405SjkimZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1222238405Sjkim 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1223238405Sjkim 9:00 - KST 1928 1224238405Sjkim 8:30 - KST 1932 1225238405Sjkim 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1226238405Sjkim 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1227238405Sjkim 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1228238405Sjkim 9:00 ROK K%sT 1229238405SjkimZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1230238405Sjkim 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1231238405Sjkim 9:00 - KST 1928 1232238405Sjkim 8:30 - KST 1932 1233238405Sjkim 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1234238405Sjkim 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1235238405Sjkim 9:00 - KST 1236238405Sjkim 1237238405Sjkim############################################################################### 1238238405Sjkim 1239238405Sjkim# Kuwait 1240238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1241238405Sjkim# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1242238405Sjkim# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1243238405Sjkim# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1244238405Sjkim# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1245238405Sjkim# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1246238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1247238405Sjkim# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1248238405Sjkim# so for now we assume no DST. 1249238405SjkimZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1250238405Sjkim 3:00 - AST 1251238405Sjkim 1252238405Sjkim# Laos 1253238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1254238405SjkimZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1255238405Sjkim 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1256238405Sjkim 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1257238405Sjkim 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1258238405Sjkim 7:00 - ICT 1259238405Sjkim 1260238405Sjkim# Lebanon 1261238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1262238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1263238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1264238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1265238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1266238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1267238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1268238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1269238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1270238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1271238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1272160814SsimonRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1273160814SsimonRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1274238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1275238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1276238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1277238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1278238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1279238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1280238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1281238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1282238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1283238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1284238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1285238405SjkimRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1286238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1287238405SjkimZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1288238405Sjkim 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1289238405Sjkim 1290238405Sjkim# Malaysia 1291238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1292238405SjkimRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1293238405SjkimRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1294238405Sjkim# 1295238405Sjkim# peninsular Malaysia 1296238405Sjkim# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1297238405Sjkim# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1298160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1299160814SsimonZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1300238405Sjkim 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1301238405Sjkim 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1302238405Sjkim 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1303238405Sjkim 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1304238405Sjkim 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1305238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1306238405Sjkim 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1307238405Sjkim 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1308238405Sjkim# Sabah & Sarawak 1309238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1310238405Sjkim# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1311238405Sjkim# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1312238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1313238405SjkimZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1314238405Sjkim 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1315238405Sjkim 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1316238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1317238405Sjkim 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1318238405Sjkim 8:00 - MYT 1319238405Sjkim 1320238405Sjkim# Maldives 1321238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1322238405SjkimZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1323238405Sjkim 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1324160814Ssimon 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1325160814Ssimon 1326238405Sjkim# Mongolia 1327238405Sjkim 1328238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1329238405Sjkim# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1330238405Sjkim# both say that it has just one. 1331238405Sjkim 1332238405Sjkim# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1333238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1334238405Sjkim# General Information Mongolia 1335238405Sjkim# </a> (1999-09) 1336238405Sjkim# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1337238405Sjkim# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1338238405Sjkim# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1339238405Sjkim# eight hours." 1340238405Sjkim 1341238405Sjkim# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1342238405Sjkim# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1343238405Sjkim# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1344238405Sjkim# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1345238405Sjkim# of implementation may have been different.... 1346238405Sjkim# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1347238405Sjkim# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1348238405Sjkim# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1349238405Sjkim 1350160814Ssimon# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1351160814Ssimon# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1352238405Sjkim# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1353238405Sjkim# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1354238405Sjkim# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1355238405Sjkim# is good enough for our purposes. 1356238405Sjkim 1357238405Sjkim# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1358238405Sjkim# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1359238405Sjkim# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1360238405Sjkim# there are three time zones. 1361238405Sjkim# 1362238405Sjkim# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1363238405Sjkim# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1364238405Sjkim# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1365238405Sjkim# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1366238405Sjkim# 1367238405Sjkim# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1368238405Sjkim 1369238405Sjkim# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1370238405Sjkim# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1371238405Sjkim# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1372238405Sjkim# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1373238405Sjkim# 1374160814Ssimon# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1375160814Ssimon# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1376238405Sjkim# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1377238405Sjkim 1378238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1379238405Sjkim# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1380238405Sjkim# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1381238405Sjkim# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1382238405Sjkim# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1383238405Sjkim# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1384238405Sjkim# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1385238405Sjkim# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1386238405Sjkim# He also found 1387238405Sjkim# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1388238405Sjkim# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1389238405Sjkim# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1390238405Sjkim# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1391238405Sjkim# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1392238405Sjkim# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1393238405Sjkim# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1394238405Sjkim# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1395238405Sjkim 1396238405Sjkim# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1397238405Sjkim# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1398238405Sjkim# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1399238405Sjkim# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1400160814Ssimon 1401160814Ssimon# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1402238405Sjkim# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1403238405Sjkim# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1404238405Sjkim# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1405238405Sjkim# database on this, e.g.: 1406238405Sjkim# 1407238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1408238405Sjkim# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1409238405Sjkim# </a> 1410238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1411238405Sjkim# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1412238405Sjkim# </a> 1413238405Sjkim# 1414238405Sjkim# both say GMT+08:00. 1415238405Sjkim 1416238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1417238405Sjkim# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1418238405Sjkim# schedule here: 1419238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1420238405Sjkim# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1421238405Sjkim# </a> 1422238405Sjkim# (click the English flag for English) 1423238405Sjkim# 1424238405Sjkim# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1425238405Sjkim# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1426160814Ssimon# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1427160814Ssimon# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1428238405Sjkim# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1429238405Sjkim# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1430238405Sjkim 1431238405Sjkim# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1432238405Sjkim# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1433238405Sjkim# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1434238405Sjkim# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1435238405Sjkim# this is almost surely wrong. 1436238405Sjkim 1437238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1438238405SjkimRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1439238405SjkimRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1440238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1441238405Sjkim# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1442238405Sjkim# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1443238405Sjkim# 1444238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1445238405Sjkim# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1446238405Sjkim# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1447238405Sjkim# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1448238405Sjkim# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1449238405Sjkim# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1450238405Sjkim 1451238405SjkimRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1452160814SsimonRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1453160814Ssimon# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1454238405SjkimRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1455238405SjkimRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1456238405SjkimRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1457238405Sjkim 1458238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1459238405Sjkim# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1460238405SjkimZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1461238405Sjkim 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1462238405Sjkim 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1463238405Sjkim# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1464238405SjkimZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1465238405Sjkim 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1466238405Sjkim 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1467238405Sjkim# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1468238405Sjkim# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1469238405SjkimZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1470238405Sjkim 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1471238405Sjkim 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1472238405Sjkim 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1473238405Sjkim 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1474238405Sjkim 1475238405Sjkim# Nepal 1476160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1477160814SsimonZone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1478238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1986 1479238405Sjkim 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1480238405Sjkim 1481238405Sjkim# Oman 1482238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1483238405SjkimZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1484238405Sjkim 4:00 - GST 1485238405Sjkim 1486238405Sjkim# Pakistan 1487238405Sjkim 1488238405Sjkim# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1489238405Sjkim# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1490238405Sjkim# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1491238405Sjkim# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1492238405Sjkim# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1493238405Sjkim# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1494238405Sjkim 1495238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1496238405Sjkim# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1497238405Sjkim# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1498238405Sjkim# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1499238405Sjkim# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1500238405Sjkim# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1501238405Sjkim# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1502238405Sjkim# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1503238405Sjkim# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1504238405Sjkim# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1505238405Sjkim# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1506238405Sjkim 1507160814Ssimon# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1508160814Ssimon# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1509238405Sjkim# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1510238405Sjkim 1511238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1512238405Sjkim# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1513238405Sjkim# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1514238405Sjkim# 1515238405Sjkim# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1516238405Sjkim# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1517238405Sjkim# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1518238405Sjkim# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1519238405Sjkim# 1520238405Sjkim# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1521238405Sjkim# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1522238405Sjkim 1523238405Sjkim# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1524238405Sjkim# 1525238405Sjkim# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1526238405Sjkim# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1527238405Sjkim# 1528238405Sjkim# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1529238405Sjkim# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1530238405Sjkim# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1531238405Sjkim# ...." 1532238405Sjkim# 1533238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1534238405Sjkim# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1535238405Sjkim# </a> 1536238405Sjkim# OR 1537238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1538160814Ssimon# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1539160814Ssimon# </a> 1540238405Sjkim 1541238405Sjkim# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1542238405Sjkim# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1543238405Sjkim 1544238405Sjkim# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1545238405Sjkim# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1546238405Sjkim# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1547238405Sjkim# instead of August 31. 1548238405Sjkim# 1549238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1550238405Sjkim# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1551238405Sjkim# </a> 1552238405Sjkim# OR 1553238405Sjkim# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1554238405Sjkim# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1555238405Sjkim# </a> 1556238405Sjkim 1557238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1558238405SjkimRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1559238405SjkimRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1560238405SjkimRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1561238405SjkimRule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1562238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1563238405SjkimZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1564238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1565238405Sjkim 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1566238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1567238405Sjkim 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1568238405Sjkim 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1569160814Ssimon 1570160814Ssimon# Palestine 1571238405Sjkim 1572238405Sjkim# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1573238405Sjkim# 1574238405Sjkim# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1575238405Sjkim# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1576238405Sjkim# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1577238405Sjkim# 1578238405Sjkim# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1579238405Sjkim# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1580238405Sjkim# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1581238405Sjkim# though. 1582238405Sjkim# 1583238405Sjkim# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1584238405Sjkim# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1585238405Sjkim# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1586238405Sjkim# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1587238405Sjkim# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1588238405Sjkim# East Jerusalem. 1589238405Sjkim# 1590238405Sjkim# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1591238405Sjkim# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1592238405Sjkim# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1593238405Sjkim# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1594238405Sjkim# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1595238405Sjkim# 1596238405Sjkim# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1597238405Sjkim# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1598238405Sjkim# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1599160814Ssimon# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1600160814Ssimon# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1601238405Sjkim# Jordanian one). 1602238405Sjkim# 1603238405Sjkim# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1604238405Sjkim# 1605238405Sjkim# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1606238405Sjkim# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1607238405Sjkim# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1608238405Sjkim# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1609238405Sjkim# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1610238405Sjkim# 1611238405Sjkim# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1612238405Sjkim# have one). 1613238405Sjkim 1614238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1615238405Sjkim# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1616238405Sjkim# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1617238405Sjkim# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1618238405Sjkim# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1619238405Sjkim# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1620238405Sjkim# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1621238405Sjkim# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1622238405Sjkim# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1623238405Sjkim# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1624238405Sjkim# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1625238405Sjkim 1626238405Sjkim# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1627238405Sjkim# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1628238405Sjkim# 1629160814Ssimon# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1630160814Ssimon# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1631238405Sjkim# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1632238405Sjkim# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1633238405Sjkim 1634238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1635238405Sjkim# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1636238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1637238405Sjkim# Holiday havoc 1638238405Sjkim# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1639238405Sjkim# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1640238405Sjkim# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1641238405Sjkim# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1642238405Sjkim# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1643238405Sjkim 1644238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1645238405Sjkim# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1646238405Sjkim 1647238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1648238405Sjkim# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1649238405Sjkim# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1650238405Sjkim# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1651238405Sjkim# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1652238405Sjkim 1653238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1654238405Sjkim# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1655238405Sjkim# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1656238405Sjkim# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1657238405Sjkim# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1658238405Sjkim# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1659238405Sjkim# the West Bank. 1660238405Sjkim 1661238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1662238405Sjkim# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1663238405Sjkim# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1664238405Sjkim# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1665238405Sjkim# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1666238405Sjkim# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1667160814Ssimon# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1668160814Ssimon# because of the Ramadan. 1669238405Sjkim 1670238405Sjkim# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1671238405Sjkim# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1672238405Sjkim# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1673238405Sjkim 1674238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1675238405Sjkim# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1676238405Sjkim# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1677238405Sjkim# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1678238405Sjkim# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1679238405Sjkim# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1680238405Sjkim 1681238405Sjkim# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1682238405Sjkim# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1683238405Sjkim# 1684238405Sjkim# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1685238405Sjkim# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1686238405Sjkim# 1687238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1688238405Sjkim# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1689238405Sjkim# </a> 1690238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1691238405Sjkim# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1692238405Sjkim# </a> 1693238405Sjkim# or 1694238405Sjkim# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1695238405Sjkim# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1696238405Sjkim# </a> 1697238405Sjkim 1698238405Sjkim# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1699238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1700238405SjkimRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1701238405SjkimRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1702238405SjkimRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1703160814SsimonRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1704160814SsimonRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1705238405SjkimRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1706238405Sjkim 1707238405SjkimRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1708238405SjkimRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1709238405SjkimRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1710238405SjkimRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1711238405SjkimRule Palestine 2006 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1712238405SjkimRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1713238405SjkimRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1714238405SjkimRule Palestine 2008 max - Aug lastThu 2:00 0 - 1715238405Sjkim 1716238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1717238405SjkimZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1718238405Sjkim 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1719238405Sjkim 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1720238405Sjkim 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1721238405Sjkim 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1722238405Sjkim 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1723238405Sjkim 1724238405Sjkim# Paracel Is 1725238405Sjkim# no information 1726238405Sjkim 1727238405Sjkim# Philippines 1728238405Sjkim# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1729238405Sjkim# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1730238405Sjkim# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1731238405Sjkim# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1732238405Sjkim# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1733238405Sjkim 1734238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1735238405Sjkim# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1736238405Sjkim# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1737238405Sjkim# rainy season begins. See 1738238405Sjkim# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1739238405Sjkim# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1740238405Sjkim# 1741238405Sjkim# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1742238405Sjkim# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1743238405Sjkim# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1744238405Sjkim# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1745160814Ssimon# but no details] 1746160814Ssimon 1747238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1748238405SjkimRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1749238405SjkimRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1750238405SjkimRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1751238405SjkimRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1752238405SjkimRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1753238405SjkimRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1754238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1755238405SjkimZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1756238405Sjkim 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1757238405Sjkim 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1758238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1759238405Sjkim 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1760238405Sjkim 1761238405Sjkim# Qatar 1762238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1763160814SsimonZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1764160814Ssimon 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1765160814Ssimon 3:00 - AST 1766160814Ssimon 1767160814Ssimon# Saudi Arabia 1768160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1769160814SsimonZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1770160814Ssimon 3:00 - AST 1771238405Sjkim 1772238405Sjkim# Singapore 1773238405Sjkim# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1774238405Sjkim# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1775238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1776238405SjkimZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1777238405Sjkim 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1778238405Sjkim 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1779238405Sjkim 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1780238405Sjkim 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1781238405Sjkim 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1782238405Sjkim 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1783238405Sjkim 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1784238405Sjkim 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 1785238405Sjkim 8:00 - SGT 1786238405Sjkim 1787238405Sjkim# Spratly Is 1788238405Sjkim# no information 1789238405Sjkim 1790238405Sjkim# Sri Lanka 1791238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1792160814Ssimon# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1793160814Ssimon# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1794160814Ssimon# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1795160814Ssimon# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1796160814Ssimon# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1797160814Ssimon# 1798160814Ssimon# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1799238405Sjkim# by Shamindra in 1800238405Sjkim# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1801238405Sjkim# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1802238405Sjkim# </a>: 1803238405Sjkim# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1804238405Sjkim# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1805238405Sjkim 1806238405Sjkim# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 1807238405Sjkim# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 1808238405Sjkim# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 1809238405Sjkim# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 1810238405Sjkim 1811238405Sjkim# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 1812238405Sjkim# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 1813238405Sjkim# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 1814238405Sjkim# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 1815238405Sjkim# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 1816238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 1817238405Sjkim# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 1818238405Sjkim# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 1819238405Sjkim 1820238405Sjkim# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 1821160814Ssimon# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 1822160814Ssimon# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 1823238405Sjkim# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 1824238405Sjkim# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 1825160814Ssimon# 1826160814Ssimon# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 1827160814Ssimon# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 1828238405Sjkim# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 1829238405Sjkim# 1830160814Ssimon# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 1831160814Ssimon# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 1832160814Ssimon# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 1833238405Sjkim# item.... 1834160814Ssimon# 1835238405Sjkim# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 1836238405Sjkim# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 1837238405Sjkim# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 1838238405Sjkim# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 1839238405Sjkim# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 1840238405Sjkim# 1841238405Sjkim# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 1842160814Ssimon# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 1843238405Sjkim# all computers. 1844238405Sjkim 1845238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1846238405Sjkim# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 1847238405Sjkim# and then see what people actually say in practice. 1848238405Sjkim 1849238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1850238405SjkimZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1851160814Ssimon 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1852238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1853238405Sjkim 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1854238405Sjkim 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1855238405Sjkim 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1856238405Sjkim 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1857238405Sjkim 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 1858160814Ssimon 5:30 - IST 1859238405Sjkim 1860238405Sjkim# Syria 1861238405Sjkim# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1862238405SjkimRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1863238405SjkimRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1864238405SjkimRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1865238405SjkimRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1866238405SjkimRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1867238405SjkimRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1868238405SjkimRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1869238405SjkimRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1870238405SjkimRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 1871160814SsimonRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1872160814SsimonRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1873238405SjkimRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 1874238405SjkimRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 1875238405SjkimRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1876238405SjkimRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 1877238405SjkimRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 1878238405SjkimRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 1879238405SjkimRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 1880238405SjkimRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 1881238405SjkimRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 1882238405SjkimRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1883238405SjkimRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 1884238405SjkimRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1885238405SjkimRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1886238405SjkimRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1887238405SjkimRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 1888238405SjkimRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1889238405SjkimRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1890238405Sjkim# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 1891160814Ssimon# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 1892238405Sjkim# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1893238405Sjkim# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 1894238405Sjkim# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 1895238405Sjkim# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 1896238405SjkimRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1897238405SjkimRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1898238405SjkimRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1899238405SjkimRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1900238405Sjkim# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 1901238405Sjkim# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 1902238405Sjkim# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 1903238405SjkimRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1904238405Sjkim# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1905238405Sjkim# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 1906238405Sjkim# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 1907238405SjkimRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1908160814Ssimon# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 1909160814Ssimon# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 1910238405Sjkim# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 1911238405Sjkim# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 1912238405Sjkim# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 1913238405Sjkim# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 1914238405Sjkim# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 1915238405Sjkim# 1916238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 1917238405Sjkim# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 1918238405Sjkim# 1919238405Sjkim# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 1920238405Sjkim# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 1921238405Sjkim# 1922238405Sjkim# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 1923238405Sjkim# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 1924238405Sjkim# 1925160814Ssimon# which using Google's translate tools says: 1926238405Sjkim# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 1927238405Sjkim# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 1928238405Sjkim# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 1929238405SjkimRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1930238405Sjkim 1931160814Ssimon# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 1932160814Ssimon# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 1933238405Sjkim# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 1934160814Ssimon# are now using: 1935238405Sjkim# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 1936160814Ssimon# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 1937160814Ssimon# Variation 1938160814Ssimon# Syrian Arab 1939160814Ssimon# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 1940238405Sjkim# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 1941160814Ssimon# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 1942238405Sjkim 1943238405Sjkim# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 1944238405Sjkim# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 1945238405Sjkim# Agency (SANA)... 1946160814Ssimon# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 1947160814Ssimon# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 1948160814Ssimon# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 1949160814Ssimon# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 1950160814Ssimon# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 1951160814Ssimon# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 1952238405Sjkim# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 1953238405Sjkim 1954238405Sjkim# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 1955238405Sjkim# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 1956238405Sjkim# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 1957238405Sjkim# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 1958238405Sjkim# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 1959238405Sjkim 1960238405Sjkim# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 1961238405Sjkim# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 1962160814Ssimon# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 1963160814Ssimon# 1964160814Ssimon# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 1965160814Ssimon# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 1966160814Ssimon# clocks back 60 minutes). 1967238405Sjkim# 1968160814Ssimon# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 1969238405Sjkim# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 1970238405Sjkim# </a> 1971238405Sjkim 1972238405SjkimRule Syria 2008 max - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1973238405SjkimRule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1974238405Sjkim 1975238405Sjkim# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1976238405SjkimZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 1977238405Sjkim 2:00 Syria EE%sT 1978238405Sjkim 1979160814Ssimon# Tajikistan 1980160814Ssimon# From Shanks & Pottenger. 1981160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1982160814SsimonZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1983160814Ssimon 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 1984160814Ssimon 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1985238405Sjkim 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 1986238405Sjkim 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 1987238405Sjkim 1988160814Ssimon# Thailand 1989160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1990160814SsimonZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 1991160814Ssimon 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 1992160814Ssimon 7:00 - ICT 1993160814Ssimon 1994238405Sjkim# Turkmenistan 1995160814Ssimon# From Shanks & Pottenger. 1996160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1997160814SsimonZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 1998160814Ssimon 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 1999160814Ssimon 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2000160814Ssimon 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2001238405Sjkim 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2002238405Sjkim 5:00 - TMT 2003238405Sjkim 2004160814Ssimon# United Arab Emirates 2005160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2006160814SsimonZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2007160814Ssimon 4:00 - GST 2008238405Sjkim 2009160814Ssimon# Uzbekistan 2010160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2011160814SsimonZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2012160814Ssimon 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2013238405Sjkim 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2014238405Sjkim 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2015160814Ssimon 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2016160814Ssimon 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2017160814Ssimon 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2018160814Ssimon 5:00 - UZT 2019160814SsimonZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2020160814Ssimon 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2021160814Ssimon 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2022160814Ssimon 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2023160814Ssimon 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2024238405Sjkim 5:00 - UZT 2025160814Ssimon 2026238405Sjkim# Vietnam 2027160814Ssimon 2028160814Ssimon# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2029160814Ssimon# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2030160814Ssimon# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2031160814Ssimon 2032160814Ssimon# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2033160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2034160814SsimonZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2035160814Ssimon 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2036160814Ssimon 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2037160814Ssimon 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2038160814Ssimon 7:00 - ICT 2039160814Ssimon 2040160814Ssimon# Yemen 2041160814Ssimon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2042160814SsimonZone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2043160814Ssimon 3:00 - AST 2044160814Ssimon