africa revision 86222
186222Swollman# @(#)africa	7.36
267578Swollman
358787Sru# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/africa 86222 2001-11-09 19:17:59Z wollman $
42742Swollman
52742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
62742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
72742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
82742Swollman
958787Sru# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
102742Swollman#
112742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
1258787Sru# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
1358787Sru# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
142742Swollman#
1586222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1620094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1720094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1820094Swollman# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
1920094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990.
2020094Swollman#
2120094Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
2220094Swollman# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
2320094Swollman#
242742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
252742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
262742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library.
272742Swollman#
2814343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
2958787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
3014343Swollman#
3130711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
3230711Swollman# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
3367578Swollman# but Mark R V Murray <markm@grondar.za> reports that
3430711Swollman# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
3530711Swollman# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
3630711Swollman# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
3730711Swollman# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
3830711Swollman# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
392742Swollman#
4030711Swollman# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
4130711Swollman# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
4230711Swollman# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
4330711Swollman# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
4430711Swollman# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
452742Swollman#
4630711Swollman# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
4730711Swollman#	-1:00	WAT	West Africa Time (no longer used)
4830711Swollman#	 0:00	GMT	Greenwich Mean Time
4930711Swollman#	 2:00	CAT	Central Africa Time
5030711Swollman#	 2:00	SAST	South Africa Standard Time
5130711Swollman# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
5230711Swollman#	 1:00	WAT	West Africa Time
5330711Swollman# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
5430711Swollman# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
5530711Swollman# until we get more information.
562742Swollman#
5730711Swollman# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
5830711Swollman#	 2:00	WAST	West Africa Summer Time
5930711Swollman#	 2:30	BEAT	British East Africa Time (no longer used)
6086222Swollman#	 2:44:45 BEAUT	British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
6130711Swollman#	 3:00	CAST	Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
6230711Swollman#	 3:00	SAST	South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
632742Swollman#	 3:00	EAT	East Africa Time
6430711Swollman#	 4:00	EAST	East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
652742Swollman
662742Swollman# Algeria
672742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
6819878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1916	only	-	Jun	14	23:00s	1:00	S
692742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1916	1919	-	Oct	Sun<=7	23:00s	0	-
7019878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1917	only	-	Mar	24	23:00s	1:00	S
7119878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	23:00s	1:00	S
7219878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	23:00s	1:00	S
7319878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Feb	14	23:00s	1:00	S
742742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Oct	23	23:00s	0	-
7519878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Mar	14	23:00s	1:00	S
762742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Jun	21	23:00s	0	-
7719878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Sep	11	23:00s	1:00	S
782742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 1:00	0	-
7919878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon<=7	 2:00	1:00	S
802742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 2:00	0	-
812742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 1:00	0	-
8219878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Apr	25	23:00s	1:00	S
832742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Sep	26	23:00s	0	-
8419878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1977	only	-	May	 6	 0:00	1:00	S
852742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1977	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	0	-
8619878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Mar	24	 1:00	1:00	S
872742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Sep	22	 3:00	0	-
8819878SwollmanRule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Apr	25	 0:00	1:00	S
892742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	-
9014343Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
912742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
922742SwollmanZone	Africa/Algiers	0:12:12 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15 0:01
9314343Swollman			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
9419878Swollman			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1940 Feb 25 2:00
9519878Swollman			1:00	Algeria	CE%sT	1946 Oct  7
962742Swollman			0:00	-	WET	1956 Jan 29
9719878Swollman			1:00	-	CET	1963 Apr 14
9819878Swollman			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1977 Oct 21
9919878Swollman			1:00	Algeria	CE%sT	1979 Oct 26
10019878Swollman			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1981 May
10119878Swollman			1:00	-	CET
1022742Swollman
1032742Swollman# Angola
1042742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1052742SwollmanZone	Africa/Luanda	0:52:56	-	LMT	1892
10686222Swollman			0:52:04	-	AOT	1911 May 26 # Angola Time
10730711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
1082742Swollman
1092742Swollman# Benin
1102742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
1112742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1122742SwollmanZone Africa/Porto-Novo	0:10:28	-	LMT	1912
11330711Swollman			0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
11430711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
1152742Swollman
1162742Swollman# Botswana
1172742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1182742SwollmanZone	Africa/Gaborone	1:43:40 -	LMT	1885
11930711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00
12030711Swollman			2:00	1:00	CAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
12130711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
1222742Swollman
1232742Swollman# Burkina Faso
1242742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1252742SwollmanZone Africa/Ouagadougou	-0:06:04 -	LMT	1912
12630711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
1272742Swollman
1282742Swollman# Burundi
1292742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1302742SwollmanZone Africa/Bujumbura	1:57:28	-	LMT	1890
13130711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
1322742Swollman
1332742Swollman# Cameroon
1342742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
1352742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1362742SwollmanZone	Africa/Douala	0:38:48	-	LMT	1912
13730711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
1382742Swollman
1392742Swollman# Cape Verde
1402742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1412742SwollmanZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1907			# Praia
1422742Swollman			-2:00	-	CVT	1942 Sep
1432742Swollman			-2:00	1:00	CVST	1945 Oct 15
1442742Swollman			-2:00	-	CVT	1975 Nov 25 2:00
14519878Swollman			-1:00	-	CVT
1462742Swollman
1472742Swollman# Central African Republic
1482742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1492742SwollmanZone	Africa/Bangui	1:14:20	-	LMT	1912
15030711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
1512742Swollman
1522742Swollman# Chad
1532742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1542742SwollmanZone	Africa/Ndjamena	1:00:12 -	LMT	1912
15530711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT	1979 Oct 14
15630711Swollman			1:00	1:00	WAST	1980 Mar  8
15730711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
1582742Swollman
1592742Swollman# Comoros
1602742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1612742SwollmanZone	Indian/Comoro	2:53:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul   # Moroni, Gran Comoro
1622742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
1632742Swollman
16430711Swollman# Democratic Republic of Congo
1652742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
16630711SwollmanZone Africa/Kinshasa	1:01:12 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
16730711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
16830711SwollmanZone Africa/Lubumbashi	1:49:52 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
16930711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
17030711Swollman
17130711Swollman# Republic of the Congo
17230711Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1732742SwollmanZone Africa/Brazzaville	1:01:08 -	LMT	1912
17430711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
1752742Swollman
1762742Swollman# Cote D'Ivoire
1772742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1782742SwollmanZone	Africa/Abidjan	-0:16:08 -	LMT	1912
17930711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
1802742Swollman
1812742Swollman# Djibouti
1822742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1832742SwollmanZone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul
1842742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
1852742Swollman
1862742Swollman###############################################################################
1872742Swollman
1882742Swollman# Egypt
1892742Swollman
1902742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
19119878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Jul	15	0:00	1:00	S
1922742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
19319878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Apr	15	0:00	1:00	S
1942742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	-
19519878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1942	1944	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
1962742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1942	only	-	Oct	27	0:00	0	-
1972742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1943	1945	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	-
19819878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1945	only	-	Apr	16	0:00	1:00	S
19919878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
2002742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
20119878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
20219878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1959	1981	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
2032742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
20430711SwollmanRule	Egypt	1966	1994	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
20519878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1982	only	-	Jul	25	1:00	1:00	S
20619878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1983	only	-	Jul	12	1:00	1:00	S
20719878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1984	1988	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
20819878SwollmanRule	Egypt	1989	only	-	May	 6	1:00	1:00	S
20930711SwollmanRule	Egypt	1990	1994	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
21043014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
21143543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
21258787SruRule	Egypt	1995	max	-	Apr	lastFri	 0:00s	1:00	S
21343543SwollmanRule	Egypt	1995	max	-	Sep	lastThu	23:00s	0	-
21420094Swollman
2152742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2162742SwollmanZone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:00 -	LMT	1900 Oct
21719878Swollman			2:00	Egypt	EE%sT
2182742Swollman
2192742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea
2202742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2212742SwollmanZone	Africa/Malabo	0:35:08 -	LMT	1912
22230711Swollman			0:00	-	GMT	1963 Dec 15
22330711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
2242742Swollman
2252742Swollman# Eritrea
2262742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2272742SwollmanZone	Africa/Asmera	2:35:32 -	LMT	1870
22819878Swollman			2:35:32	-	AMT	1890	      # Asmera Mean Time
22930711Swollman			2:35:20	-	ADMT	1936 May 5    # Adis Dera MT
2302742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
2312742Swollman
2322742Swollman# Ethiopia
23330711Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05):
23430711Swollman# Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between
23530711Swollman# 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
23630711Swollman# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
2372742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2382742SwollmanZone Africa/Addis_Ababa	2:34:48 -	LMT	1870
23930711Swollman			2:35:20	-	ADMT	1936 May 5    # Adis Dera MT
2402742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
2412742Swollman
2422742Swollman# Gabon
2432742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2442742SwollmanZone Africa/Libreville	0:37:48 -	LMT	1912
24530711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
2462742Swollman
2472742Swollman# Gambia
2482742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2492742SwollmanZone	Africa/Banjul	-1:06:36 -	LMT	1912
25019878Swollman			-1:06:36 -	BMT	1935	# Banjul Mean Time
25130711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1964
25230711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
2532742Swollman
2542742Swollman# Ghana
2552742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2562742Swollman# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
25730711SwollmanRule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	GHST
25830711SwollmanRule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	GMT
2592742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2602742SwollmanZone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918
2612742Swollman			 0:00	Ghana	%s
2622742Swollman
2632742Swollman# Guinea
2642742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2652742SwollmanZone	Africa/Conakry	-0:54:52 -	LMT	1912
26630711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
26730711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1960
26830711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
2692742Swollman
2702742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau
2712742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2722742SwollmanZone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1911 May 26
27330711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1975
27430711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
2752742Swollman
2762742Swollman# Kenya
2772742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2782742SwollmanZone	Africa/Nairobi	2:27:16	-	LMT	1928 Jul
2792742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1930
28030711Swollman			2:30	-	BEAT	1940
28186222Swollman			2:44:45	-	BEAUT	1960
2822742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
2832742Swollman
2842742Swollman# Lesotho
2852742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2862742SwollmanZone	Africa/Maseru	1:50:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
28730711Swollman			2:00	-	SAST	1943 Sep 19 2:00
2882742Swollman			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
28930711Swollman			2:00	-	SAST
2902742Swollman
2912742Swollman# Liberia
29286222Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (2001-07-17):
2932742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
29486222Swollman# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
29514343Swollman# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
29614343Swollman# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
29714343Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
29814343Swollman# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
2992742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3002742SwollmanZone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882
3012742Swollman			-0:43:08 -	MMT	1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
30219878Swollman			-0:44:30 -	LRT	1972 May # Liberia Time
30330711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
3042742Swollman
3052742Swollman###############################################################################
3062742Swollman
3072742Swollman# Libya
3082742Swollman
3092742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
31019878SwollmanRule	Libya	1951	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	S
3112742SwollmanRule	Libya	1952	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
31219878SwollmanRule	Libya	1953	only	-	Oct	 9	2:00	1:00	S
3132742SwollmanRule	Libya	1954	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
31419878SwollmanRule	Libya	1955	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	1:00	S
3152742SwollmanRule	Libya	1956	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
31619878SwollmanRule	Libya	1982	1984	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3172742SwollmanRule	Libya	1982	1985	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
31819878SwollmanRule	Libya	1985	only	-	Apr	 6	0:00	1:00	S
31919878SwollmanRule	Libya	1986	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	1:00	S
3202742SwollmanRule	Libya	1986	only	-	Oct	 3	0:00	0	-
32119878SwollmanRule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3222742SwollmanRule	Libya	1987	1990	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3232742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3242742SwollmanZone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
32519878Swollman			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1959
3262742Swollman			2:00	-	EET	1982
32758787Sru			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1990 May  4
32858787Sru# The following entries are all from Shanks;
32958787Sru# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
33058787Sru			2:00	-	EET	1996 Sep 30
33158787Sru			1:00	-	CET	1997 Apr  4
33258787Sru			1:00	1:00	CEST	1997 Oct  4
33343014Swollman			2:00	-	EET
3342742Swollman
3352742Swollman# Madagascar
3362742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3372742SwollmanZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul
3382742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1954 Feb 27 23:00s
3392742Swollman			3:00	1:00	EAST	1954 May 29 23:00s
3402742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
3412742Swollman
3422742Swollman# Malawi
3432742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3442742SwollmanZone	Africa/Blantyre	2:20:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
34530711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
3462742Swollman
3472742Swollman# Mali
3482742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3492742SwollmanZone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912
35030711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
35130711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Jun 20
35230711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
3532742Swollman# no longer different from Bamako, but too famous to omit
3542742SwollmanZone	Africa/Timbuktu	-0:12:04 -	LMT	1912
35530711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
3562742Swollman
3572742Swollman# Mauritania
3582742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3592742SwollmanZone Africa/Nouakchott	-1:03:48 -	LMT	1912
36030711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
36130711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Nov 28
36230711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
3632742Swollman
3642742Swollman# Mauritius
3652742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3662742SwollmanZone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907		# Port Louis
36719878Swollman			4:00	-	MUT	# Mauritius Time
3682742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
3692742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
3702742Swollman
3712742Swollman# Mayotte
3722742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
37314343SwollmanZone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou
3742742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
3752742Swollman
3762742Swollman# Morocco
37730711Swollman# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
37820094Swollman# RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
37919878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Sep	12	 0:00	1:00	S
3802742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 0:00	0	-
38119878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1940	only	-	Feb	25	 0:00	1:00	S
3822742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1945	only	-	Nov	18	 0:00	0	-
38319878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Jun	11	 0:00	1:00	S
3842742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	0	-
38519878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Jun	 3	12:00	1:00	S
3862742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
38719878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Jun	24	 0:00	1:00	S
3882742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	0	-
38919878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1976	1977	-	May	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
3902742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1976	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0	-
3912742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1977	only	-	Sep	28	 0:00	0	-
39219878SwollmanRule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
3932742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-
3942742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3952742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
39619878Swollman			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT	1984 Mar 16
39719878Swollman			 1:00	-	CET	1986
3982742Swollman			 0:00	-	WET
39919878Swollman# Western Sahara
40019878SwollmanZone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan
40130711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1976 Apr 14
40219878Swollman			 0:00	-	WET
4038029Swollman
4042742Swollman# Mozambique
4052742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4062742SwollmanZone	Africa/Maputo	2:10:20 -	LMT	1903 Mar
40730711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
4082742Swollman
4092742Swollman# Namibia
41030711Swollman# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks.
41158787Sru# Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
41220094Swollman# RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
41320094SwollmanRule	Namibia	1994	max	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
41420094SwollmanRule	Namibia	1995	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
4152742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4162742SwollmanZone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
4172742Swollman			1:30	-	SWAT	1903 Mar	# SW Africa Time
41830711Swollman			2:00	-	SAST	1942 Sep 20 2:00
4192742Swollman			2:00	1:00	SAST	1943 Mar 21 2:00
42030711Swollman			2:00	-	SAST	1990 Mar 21 # independence
42130711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT	1994 Apr  3
42230711Swollman			1:00	Namibia	WA%sT
4232742Swollman
4242742Swollman# Niger
4252742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
42630711SwollmanZone	Africa/Niamey	 0:08:28 -	LMT	1912
42730711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
42830711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT	1960
42930711Swollman			 1:00	-	WAT
4302742Swollman
4312742Swollman# Nigeria
4322742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4332742SwollmanZone	Africa/Lagos	0:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Sep
43430711Swollman			1:00	-	WAT
4352742Swollman
4362742Swollman# Reunion
4372742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
43814343SwollmanZone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun	# Saint-Denis
43919878Swollman			4:00	-	RET	# Reunion Time
44043014Swollman#
44143014Swollman# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
44243014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from
44358787Sru# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
44458787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
44558787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories.
44643014Swollman#
44743014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited
44843014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
44943014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
45043014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
45143014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
4522742Swollman
4532742Swollman# Rwanda
4542742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4552742SwollmanZone	Africa/Kigali	2:00:16 -	LMT	1935 Jun
45630711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
4572742Swollman
4582742Swollman# St Helena
4592742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4602742SwollmanZone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890		# Jamestown
46130711Swollman			-0:22:48 -	JMT	1951	# Jamestown Mean Time
4622742Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
46314343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
46430711Swollman#	Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
46530711Swollman#	Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
46658787Sru#	Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
46758787Sru#		on GMT, says the CIA
46830711Swollman#	Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
46914343Swollman
4702742Swollman# Sao Tome and Principe
4712742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4722742SwollmanZone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
47319878Swollman			-0:36:32 -	LMT	1912	# Lisbon Mean Time
47430711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
4752742Swollman
4762742Swollman# Senegal
4772742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4782742SwollmanZone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912
47930711Swollman			-1:00	-	WAT	1941 Jun
48030711Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
4812742Swollman
4822742Swollman# Seychelles
4832742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4842742SwollmanZone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun	# Victoria
48519878Swollman			4:00	-	SCT	# Seychelles Time
48686222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
48786222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
48886222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
48986222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976.  We don't know
49086222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
49186222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
4922742Swollman
4932742Swollman# Sierra Leone
4942742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
4952742Swollman# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
49630711SwollmanRule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	0:40	SLST
49730711SwollmanRule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	WAT
49830711SwollmanRule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	SLST
49930711SwollmanRule	SL	1957	1962	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	GMT
5002742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5012742SwollmanZone	Africa/Freetown	-0:53:00 -	LMT	1882
50219878Swollman			-0:53:00 -	FMT	1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
50330711Swollman			-1:00	SL	%s	1957
50430711Swollman			 0:00	SL	%s
5052742Swollman
5062742Swollman# Somalia
5072742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5082742SwollmanZone Africa/Mogadishu	3:01:28 -	LMT	1893 Nov
5092742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1931
51030711Swollman			2:30	-	BEAT	1957
5112742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
5122742Swollman
5132742Swollman# South Africa
5142742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
51530711SwollmanRule	SA	1942	1943	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	-
5162742SwollmanRule	SA	1943	1944	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
5172742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5182742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
51930711Swollman			1:30	-	SAST	1903 Mar
52030711Swollman			2:00	SA	SAST
52130711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is
52258787Sru# scientific station since 1947
5232742Swollman# no information
5242742Swollman
5252742Swollman# Sudan
52658787Sru#
52758787Sru# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
52858787Sru# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
52958787Sru# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
53058787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
53158787Sru# Saturday....  This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
53258787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
53358787Sru#
5342742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
53519878SwollmanRule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
53614343SwollmanRule	Sudan	1970	1985	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
53719878SwollmanRule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	S
53819878SwollmanRule	Sudan	1972	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
5392742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5402742SwollmanZone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
54158787Sru			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
54258787Sru			3:00	-	EAT
5432742Swollman
5442742Swollman# Swaziland
5452742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5462742SwollmanZone	Africa/Mbabane	2:04:24 -	LMT	1903 Mar
54730711Swollman			2:00	-	SAST
5482742Swollman
5492742Swollman# Tanzania
5502742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5512742SwollmanZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -	LMT	1931
5522742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1948
55386222Swollman			2:44:45	-	BEAUT	1961
5542742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
5552742Swollman
5562742Swollman# Togo
5572742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5582742SwollmanZone	Africa/Lome	0:04:52 -	LMT	1893
55930711Swollman			0:00	-	GMT
5602742Swollman
5612742Swollman# Tunisia
5622742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
56319878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1939	only	-	Apr	15	23:00s	1:00	S
5642742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1939	only	-	Nov	18	23:00s	0	-
56519878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1940	only	-	Feb	25	23:00s	1:00	S
5662742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1941	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	0	-
56719878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1942	only	-	Mar	 9	 0:00	1:00	S
5682742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 3:00	0	-
56919878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00	1:00	S
5702742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Apr	17	 2:00	0	-
57119878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Apr	25	 2:00	1:00	S
5722742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00	0	-
57319878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon>=1	 2:00	1:00	S
5742742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 0:00	0	-
5752742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 0:00	0	-
57619878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1977	only	-	Apr	30	 0:00s	1:00	S
5772742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1977	only	-	Sep	24	 0:00s	0	-
57819878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1978	only	-	May	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
5792742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
58019878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1988	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
58120094SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1988	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
58219878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1989	only	-	Mar	26	 0:00s	1:00	S
58319878SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1990	only	-	May	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
58414343Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
58514343Swollman# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
5862742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5872742SwollmanZone	Africa/Tunis	0:40:44 -	LMT	1881 May 12
58814343Swollman			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
58919878Swollman			1:00	Tunisia	CE%sT
5902742Swollman
5912742Swollman# Uganda
5922742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5932742SwollmanZone	Africa/Kampala	2:09:40 -	LMT	1928 Jul
5942742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1930
5952742Swollman			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
59686222Swollman			2:44:45	-	BEAUT	1957
5972742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
5982742Swollman
5992742Swollman# Zambia
6002742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6012742SwollmanZone	Africa/Lusaka	1:53:08 -	LMT	1903 Mar
60230711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
6032742Swollman
6042742Swollman# Zimbabwe
6052742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6062742SwollmanZone	Africa/Harare	2:04:12 -	LMT	1903 Mar
60730711Swollman			2:00	-	CAT
608