africa revision 8029
12742Swollman# @(#)africa 7.5 22742Swollman 32742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 42742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 52742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 62742Swollman 72742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 82742Swollman# 92742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 102742Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition), 112742Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). 122742Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below. 132742Swollman# 142742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 152742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 162742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 172742Swollman# 182742Swollman# I added so many Zone names that the old, mostly flat name space was unwieldy. 192742Swollman# So I renamed the Zones to have the form AREA/LOCATION, where 202742Swollman# AREA is the name of a continent or ocean, and 212742Swollman# LOCATION is the name of a specific location within that region. 222742Swollman# For example, the old zone name `Egypt' is now `Africa/Cairo'. 232742Swollman# 242742Swollman# Here are the general rules I used for choosing location names, 252742Swollman# in decreasing order of importance: 262742Swollman# 272742Swollman# Use only valid Posix file names. Use only Ascii letters, digits, `.', 282742Swollman# `-' and `_'. Do not exceed 14 characters or start with `-'. 292742Swollman# E.g. prefer `Brunei' to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'. 302742Swollman# Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country. 312742Swollman# One such location is enough. 322742Swollman# If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative; 332742Swollman# e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so 342742Swollman# prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'. 352742Swollman# Keep locations compact. Use cities or small islands, not countries 362742Swollman# or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split 372742Swollman# locations into different time zones. E.g. prefer `Paris' 382742Swollman# to `France', since France has had multiple time zones. 392742Swollman# Use traditional English spelling, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Roma', and 402742Swollman# prefer `Athens' to the true name (which uses Greek letters). 412742Swollman# The Posix file name restrictions encourage this rule. 422742Swollman# Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone, 432742Swollman# e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'. Among locations with 442742Swollman# similar populations, pick the best-known location, 452742Swollman# e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'. 462742Swollman# Use the singular form, e.g. prefer `Canary' to `Canaries'. 472742Swollman# Omit common suffixes like `_Islands' and `_City', unless that 482742Swollman# would lead to ambiguity. E.g. prefer `Cayman' to 492742Swollman# `Cayman_Islands' and `Guatemala' to `Guatemala_City', 502742Swollman# but prefer `Mexico_City' to `Mexico' because the country 512742Swollman# of Mexico has several time zones. 522742Swollman# Use `_' to represent a space. 532742Swollman# Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena' 542742Swollman# to `St._Helena'. 552742Swollman# 562742Swollman# I made up the following time zone abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 572742Swollman# LMT Local Mean Time 582742Swollman# -2:00 CVT Cape Verde Time (no longer used) 592742Swollman# -1:00 AAT Atlantic Africa Time 602742Swollman# 0:00 WAT West Africa Time 612742Swollman# 1:00 CAT Central Africa Time 622742Swollman# 2:00 SAT South Africa Time 632742Swollman# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 642742Swollman# 4:00 SMT Seychelles and Mascarene Time 652742Swollman# The final `T' is replaced by `ST' for summer time, e.g. `SAST'. 662742Swollman# BEAT is British East Africa Time, which was 2:30 before 1948 and 2:45 after. 672742Swollman 682742Swollman 692742Swollman# Algeria 702742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 712742SwollmanRule Algeria 1911 only - Jan 1 0:00s 0 - 722742SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 732742SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 - 742742SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 752742SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 762742SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 772742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 782742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 792742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 802742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 812742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 822742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 832742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 " DST" 842742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 852742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 862742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 872742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 882742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 " DST" 892742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 902742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 " DST" 912742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 922742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 " DST" 932742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 942742Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Whitman's more precise 0:09:05. 952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 962742SwollmanZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 972742Swollman 0:09:05 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 982742Swollman 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1940 Feb 25 2:00 992742Swollman 1:00 Algeria MET%s 1946 Oct 7 1002742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 1012742Swollman 1:00 - MET 1963 Apr 14 1022742Swollman 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1977 Oct 21 1032742Swollman 1:00 Algeria MET%s 1979 Oct 26 1042742Swollman 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1981 May 1052742Swollman 1:00 - MET 1062742Swollman 1078029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Algiers Algeria All points 1088029Swollman 1092742Swollman# Angola 1102742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1112742SwollmanZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 1122742Swollman 0:52 - LMT 1911 May 26 # Luanda Mean Time 1132742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1142742Swollman 1158029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Luanda Angola All points 1168029Swollman 1172742Swollman# Benin 1182742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks. 1192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1202742SwollmanZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 1212742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 1222742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1232742Swollman 1248029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Porto-Novo Benin All points 1258029Swollman 1262742Swollman# Botswana 1272742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1282742SwollmanZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 1292742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 1302742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 1312742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 1322742Swollman 1338029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Gaborone Botswana All points 1348029Swollman 1352742Swollman# Burkina Faso 1362742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1372742SwollmanZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 1382742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1392742Swollman 1408029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Ouagadougou Burkina_Faso All points 1418029Swollman 1422742Swollman# Burundi 1432742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1442742SwollmanZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 1452742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 1462742Swollman 1478029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bujumbura Burundi All points 1488029Swollman 1492742Swollman# Cameroon 1502742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks. 1512742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1522742SwollmanZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 1532742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1542742Swollman 1558029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Douala Cameroon All points 1568029Swollman 1572742Swollman# Cape Verde 1582742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1592742SwollmanZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 1602742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 1612742Swollman -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 1622742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 1632742Swollman -1:00 - AAT 1642742Swollman 1658029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Cape_Verde Cape_Verde All points 1668029Swollman 1672742Swollman# Central African Republic 1682742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1692742SwollmanZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 1702742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1712742Swollman 1728029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bangui Central_African_Republic All points 1738029Swollman 1742742Swollman# Chad 1752742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1762742SwollmanZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 1772742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1979 Oct 14 1782742Swollman 1:00 1:00 CAST 1980 Mar 8 1792742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1802742Swollman 1818029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Ndjamena Chad All points 1828029Swollman 1832742Swollman# Comoros 1842742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1852742SwollmanZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 1862742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1872742Swollman 1888029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Comoro Comoros_Islands All points 1898029Swollman 1902742Swollman# Congo 1912742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1922742SwollmanZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 1932742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1942742Swollman 1958029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Brazzaville Congo All points 1968029Swollman 1972742Swollman# Cote D'Ivoire 1982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1992742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 2002742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 2012742Swollman 2028029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Abidjan Ivory_Coast All points 2038029Swollman 2042742Swollman# Djibouti 2052742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2062742SwollmanZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 2072742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2082742Swollman 2098029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Djibouti Djibouti All points 2108029Swollman 2112742Swollman############################################################################### 2122742Swollman 2132742Swollman# Egypt 2142742Swollman 2152742Swollman# From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988): 2162742Swollman# Egypt: DST from first day of May to first of October (ending may 2172742Swollman# also be on Sept 30th not 31st -- you might want to ask one of the 2182742Swollman# soc.* groups, you might hit someone who could ask an embassy). 2192742Swollman# DST since 1960 except for 1981-82. 2202742Swollman 2212742Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989): 2222742Swollman# EGYPT 2 H AHEAD OF UTC 2232742Swollman# EGYPT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER 2242742Swollman# EGYPT RAMADAN) 2252742Swollman 2262742Swollman# From Shanks (1991): 2272742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2282742SwollmanRule Egypt 1900 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2292742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" 2302742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2312742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" 2322742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 2332742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 2342742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 2352742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2362742SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 " DST" 2372742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 " DST" 2382742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2392742SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 2402742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" 2412742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2422742SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 max - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2432742SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 " DST" 2442742SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 " DST" 2452742SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" 2462742SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 " DST" 2472742SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 max - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" 2482742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2492742SwollmanZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 2502742Swollman 2:00 Egypt EET%s 2512742Swollman 2528029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Cairo Egypt All points 2538029Swollman 2542742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 2552742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2562742SwollmanZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 2572742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1963 Dec 15 2582742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 2592742Swollman 2608029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Malabo Equatorial_Guinea All points 2618029Swollman 2622742Swollman# Eritrea 2632742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2642742SwollmanZone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 2652742Swollman 2:36 - AMT 1890 # Asmera Mean Time 2662742Swollman 2:35 - AAMT 1936 May 5 # Addis Ababa MT 2672742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2682742Swollman 2698029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Asmera Eritrea All points 2708029Swollman 2712742Swollman# Ethiopia 2722742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2732742SwollmanZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 2742742Swollman 2:35 - AAMT 1936 May 5 # Addis Ababa MT 2752742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2762742Swollman 2778029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Addis_Ababa Ethiopia All points 2788029Swollman 2792742Swollman# Gabon 2802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2812742SwollmanZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 2822742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 2832742Swollman 2848029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Libreville Gabon All points 2858029Swollman 2862742Swollman# Gambia 2872742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2882742SwollmanZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 2892742Swollman -1:07 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 2902742Swollman -1:00 - AAT 1964 2912742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 2922742Swollman 2938029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Banjul Gambia All points 2948029Swollman 2952742Swollman# Ghana 2962742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 2972742Swollman# WATDT is my invention for ``West Africa one-Third Daylight Time''. 2982742Swollman# From Shanks (1991): 2992742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3002742SwollmanRule Ghana 1918 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 WAT 3012742Swollman# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks. 3022742SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 WATDT 3032742SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 WAT 3042742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3052742SwollmanZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 3062742Swollman 0:00 Ghana %s 3072742Swollman 3088029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Accra Ghana All points 3098029Swollman 3102742Swollman# Guinea 3112742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3122742SwollmanZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 3132742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 3142742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1960 3152742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 3162742Swollman 3178029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Conakry Guinea All points 3188029Swollman 3192742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 3202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3212742SwollmanZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 3222742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1975 3232742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 3242742Swollman 3258029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bissau Guinea_Bissau All points 3268029Swollman 3272742Swollman# Kenya 3282742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 3292742Swollman# Shanks says the transition to 2:45 was in 1940, but it must have been 1948. 3302742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3312742SwollmanZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 3322742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 3332742Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1948 3342742Swollman 2:45 - BEAT 1960 3352742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3362742Swollman 3378029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Nairobi Kenya All points 3388029Swollman 3392742Swollman# Lesotho 3402742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3412742SwollmanZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 3422742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 3432742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 3442742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 3452742Swollman 3468029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Maseru Lesotho All points 3478029Swollman 3482742Swollman# Liberia 3492742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 3502742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 3512742Swollman# from a GMT offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes. 3522742Swollman# Time magazine reported that it was in honor of their leader's birthday. 3532742Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, and Whitman reports -0:44:30; 3542742Swollman# go with Whitman. 3552742Swollman# 3562742Swollman# From Shanks (1991), as corrected by Whitman: 3572742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3582742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 3592742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 3602742Swollman -0:44:30 - LST 1972 May # Liberia Standard Time 3612742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 3622742Swollman 3638029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Monrovia Liberia All points 3648029Swollman 3652742Swollman############################################################################### 3662742Swollman 3672742Swollman# Libya 3682742Swollman 3692742Swollman# From Bob Devine (January 28 1988): 3702742Swollman# Libya: Since 1982 April 1st to September 30th (?) 3712742Swollman 3722742Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989): 3732742Swollman# LIBYAN ARAB 1 H AHEAD OF UTC JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA 3742742Swollman# LIBYAN ARAB 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA 3752742Swollman 3762742Swollman# From Shanks (1991): 3772742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3782742SwollmanRule Libya 1920 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 3792742SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 " DST" 3802742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 3812742SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 " DST" 3822742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 3832742SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3842742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 3852742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3862742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3872742SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3882742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3892742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 3902742SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3912742SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1990 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3922742SwollmanRule Libya 1990 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3932742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 3942742Swollman# Here's a guess for years starting with 1991. 3952742SwollmanRule Libya 1991 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 3962742SwollmanRule Libya 1991 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3972742Swollman 3982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3992742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 4002742Swollman 1:00 Libya MET%s 1959 4012742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 4022742Swollman 1:00 Libya MET%s 4032742Swollman 4048029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Tripoli Libya All points 4058029Swollman 4062742Swollman# Madagascar 4072742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4082742SwollmanZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 4092742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 4102742Swollman 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 4112742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 4122742Swollman 4138029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Antananarivo Madagascar All points 4148029Swollman 4152742Swollman# Malawi 4162742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4172742SwollmanZone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 4182742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 4192742Swollman 4208029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Blantyre Malawi All points 4218029Swollman 4222742Swollman# Mali 4232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4242742SwollmanZone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 4252742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 4262742Swollman -1:00 - AAT 1960 Jun 20 4272742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 4288029Swollman 4298029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bamako Mali All points 4308029Swollman 4312742Swollman# no longer different from Bamako, but too famous to omit 4322742SwollmanZone Africa/Timbuktu -0:12:04 - LMT 1912 4332742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 4342742Swollman 4352742Swollman# Mauritania 4362742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4372742SwollmanZone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 4382742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 4392742Swollman -1:00 - AAT 1960 Jun 20 4402742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 4418029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Noukachott Mauritania All points 4422742Swollman 4432742Swollman# Mauritius 4442742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4452742SwollmanZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 4462742Swollman 4:00 - SMT 4472742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 4482742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 4492742Swollman 4508029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Mauritius Mauritius All points 4518029Swollman 4522742Swollman# Mayotte 4532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4542742SwollmanZone Indian/Mayotte 3:01:08 - LMT 1911 Jul # Dzaoudzi 4552742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 4562742Swollman 4578029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Mayotte Mayotte All points 4588029Swollman 4592742Swollman# Morocco 4602742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 4612742SwollmanRule Morocco 1913 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 - 4622742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 " DST" 4632742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 4642742SwollmanRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 " DST" 4652742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 4662742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 " DST" 4672742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 4682742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 " DST" 4692742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 4702742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 " DST" 4712742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 4722742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 4732742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 4742742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 4752742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 4762742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 4772742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4782742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 4792742Swollman 0:00 Morocco WET%s 1984 Mar 16 4802742Swollman 1:00 - MET 1986 4812742Swollman 0:00 - WET 4828029Swollman 4838029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Casablanca Morocco All points 4848029Swollman 4852742Swollman# The following are controlled by Spain, and are like Europe/Madrid: 4862742Swollman# Alboran, Alhucemas Is, Ceuta, Chafarinas Is, Mellila. 4872742Swollman 4882742Swollman# Mozambique 4892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4902742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 4912742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 4922742Swollman 4938029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Maputo Mozambique All points 4948029Swollman 4952742Swollman# Namibia 4962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4972742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 4982742Swollman 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 4992742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 1942 Sep 20 2:00 5002742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 5012742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 5022742Swollman 5038029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Windhoek Namibia All points 5048029Swollman 5052742Swollman# Niger 5062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5072742SwollmanZone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 5082742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 1934 Feb 26 5092742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 1960 5102742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 5112742Swollman 5128029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Niamey Niger All points 5138029Swollman 5142742Swollman# Nigeria 5152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5162742SwollmanZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 5172742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 5182742Swollman 5198029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lagos Nigeria All points 5208029Swollman 5212742Swollman# Reunion 5222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5232742SwollmanZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # St Denis 5242742Swollman 4:00 - SMT 5252742Swollman 5268029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Reunion Reunion_Island All points 5278029Swollman 5282742Swollman# Rwanda 5292742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5302742SwollmanZone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 5312742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 5322742Swollman 5338029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Kigali Rwanda All points 5348029Swollman 5352742Swollman# St Helena 5362742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5372742SwollmanZone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 5382742Swollman -0:06 - ?MT 1951 # a typo in Shanks? 5392742Swollman 0:00 - GMT 5402742Swollman# Whitman says Tristan da Cunha is on GMT, like Atlantic/St_Helena. 5412742Swollman# 5422742Swollman# Ascension, Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale 5432742Swollman# no information; probably like Atlantic/St_Helena 5442742Swollman 5458029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Atlantic St_Helena St_Helena All points 5468029Swollman 5472742Swollman# Sao Tome and Principe 5482742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5492742SwollmanZone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 5502742Swollman -0:37 - ?MT 1912 # a typo in Shanks? 5512742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 5522742Swollman 5538029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Sao_Tome Sao_Tome_and_Principe All points 5548029Swollman 5552742Swollman# Senegal 5562742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5572742SwollmanZone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 5582742Swollman -1:00 - AAT 1941 Jun 5592742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 5602742Swollman 5618029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Dakar Senegal All points 5628029Swollman 5632742Swollman# Seychelles 5642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5652742SwollmanZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 5662742Swollman 4:00 - SMT 5672742Swollman 5688029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Mahe Seychelles All points 5698029Swollman 5702742Swollman# Sierra Leone 5712742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 5722742SwollmanRule SL 1913 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 - 5732742Swollman# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks. 5742742SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 5752742SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 5762742SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 5772742SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 5782742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5792742SwollmanZone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 5802742Swollman -0:53 - FMT 1913 Jun 5812742Swollman -1:00 SL AA%sT 1957 5822742Swollman 0:00 SL WA%sT 5832742Swollman 5848029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Freetown Sierra_Leone All points 5858029Swollman 5862742Swollman# Somalia 5872742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): 5882742Swollman# Shanks omits the 1948 transition to 2:45; this is probably a typo. 5892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5902742SwollmanZone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 5912742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1931 5922742Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1948 5932742Swollman 2:45 - BEAT 1957 # not in Shanks 5942742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 5952742Swollman 5968029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Mogadishu Somalia All points 5978029Swollman 5982742Swollman# South Africa 5992742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6002742SwollmanRule SA 1892 only - Feb 8 0:00 0 - 6012742SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 6022742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 6032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6042742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 6052742Swollman 1:30 - SAT 1903 Mar 6062742Swollman 2:00 SA SA%sT 6078029Swollman 6088029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Johannesburg South_Africa All points 6098029Swollman 6102742Swollman# Prince Edward Is 6112742Swollman# no information 6122742Swollman 6132742Swollman# Sudan 6142742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6152742SwollmanRule Sudan 1931 only - Feb 8 0:00 0 - 6162742SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" 6172742SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 max - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 6182742SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 " DST" 6192742SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 max - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 " DST" 6202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6212742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 6222742Swollman 2:00 Sudan EET%s 6232742Swollman 6248029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Khartoum Sudan All points 6258029Swollman 6262742Swollman# Swaziland 6272742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6282742SwollmanZone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 6292742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 6302742Swollman 6318029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Mbabane Swaziland All points 6328029Swollman 6332742Swollman# Tanzania 6342742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6352742SwollmanZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 6362742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1948 6372742Swollman 2:45 - BEAT 1961 6382742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 6392742Swollman 6408029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Dar_es_Salaam Tanzania All points 6418029Swollman 6422742Swollman# Togo 6432742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6442742SwollmanZone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 6452742Swollman 0:00 - WAT 6462742Swollman 6478029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lome Togo All points 6488029Swollman 6492742Swollman# Tunisia 6502742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6512742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1911 only - Mar 9 0:00 0 - 6522742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 6532742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 6542742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" 6552742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 6562742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 " DST" 6572742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 6582742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 " DST" 6592742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 6602742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 " DST" 6612742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 6622742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 " DST" 6632742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 6642742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 6652742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 6662742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 6672742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 6682742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 6692742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 6702742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 max - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 6712742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 6722742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 6732742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1991 max - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 " DST" 6742742Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Whitman's more precise 0:09:05. 6752742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6762742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 6772742Swollman 0:09:05 - PMT 1911 Mar 9 # Paris Mean Time 6782742Swollman 1:00 Tunisia MET%s 6792742Swollman 6808029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Tunis Tunisia All points 6818029Swollman 6822742Swollman# Uganda 6832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6842742SwollmanZone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 6852742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 6862742Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1948 6872742Swollman 2:45 - BEAT 1957 6882742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 6892742Swollman 6908029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Kampala Uganda All points 6918029Swollman 6922742Swollman# Zaire 6932742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6942742SwollmanZone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 6952742Swollman 1:00 - CAT 6962742SwollmanZone Africa/Lumumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 6972742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 6982742Swollman 6998029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Kinshasa Zaire Western (Kinshasa) 7008029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lumumbashi Zaire Eastern (Lumumbashi) 7018029Swollman 7022742Swollman# Zambia 7032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7042742SwollmanZone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 7052742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 7062742Swollman 7078029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lusaka Zambia All points 7088029Swollman 7092742Swollman# Zimbabwe 7102742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7112742SwollmanZone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 7122742Swollman 2:00 - SAT 7138029Swollman 7148029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Harare Zimbabwe All points 715