africa revision 8029
12742Swollman# @(#)africa	7.5
22742Swollman
32742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
42742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
52742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
62742Swollman
72742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
82742Swollman#
92742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
102742Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
112742Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
122742Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below.
132742Swollman#
142742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
152742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
162742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library.
172742Swollman#
182742Swollman# I added so many Zone names that the old, mostly flat name space was unwieldy.
192742Swollman# So I renamed the Zones to have the form AREA/LOCATION, where
202742Swollman# AREA is the name of a continent or ocean, and
212742Swollman# LOCATION is the name of a specific location within that region.
222742Swollman# For example, the old zone name `Egypt' is now `Africa/Cairo'.
232742Swollman#
242742Swollman# Here are the general rules I used for choosing location names,
252742Swollman# in decreasing order of importance:
262742Swollman#
272742Swollman#	Use only valid Posix file names.  Use only Ascii letters, digits, `.',
282742Swollman#		`-' and `_'.  Do not exceed 14 characters or start with `-'.
292742Swollman#		E.g. prefer `Brunei' to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'.
302742Swollman#	Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country.
312742Swollman#		One such location is enough.
322742Swollman#	If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
332742Swollman#		e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so
342742Swollman#		prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'.
352742Swollman#	Keep locations compact.  Use cities or small islands, not countries
362742Swollman#		or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split
372742Swollman#		locations into different time zones.  E.g. prefer `Paris'
382742Swollman#		to `France', since France has had multiple time zones.
392742Swollman#	Use traditional English spelling, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Roma', and
402742Swollman#		prefer `Athens' to the true name (which uses Greek letters).
412742Swollman#		The Posix file name restrictions encourage this rule.
422742Swollman#	Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone,
432742Swollman#		e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'.  Among locations with
442742Swollman#		similar populations, pick the best-known location,
452742Swollman#		e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'.
462742Swollman#	Use the singular form, e.g. prefer `Canary' to `Canaries'.
472742Swollman#	Omit common suffixes like `_Islands' and `_City', unless that
482742Swollman#		would lead to ambiguity.  E.g. prefer `Cayman' to
492742Swollman#		`Cayman_Islands' and `Guatemala' to `Guatemala_City',
502742Swollman#		but prefer `Mexico_City' to `Mexico' because the country
512742Swollman#		of Mexico has several time zones.
522742Swollman#	Use `_' to represent a space.
532742Swollman#	Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena'
542742Swollman#		to `St._Helena'.
552742Swollman#
562742Swollman# I made up the following time zone abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
572742Swollman#		LMT	Local Mean Time
582742Swollman#	-2:00	CVT	Cape Verde Time (no longer used)
592742Swollman#	-1:00	AAT	Atlantic Africa Time
602742Swollman#	 0:00	WAT	West Africa Time
612742Swollman#	 1:00	CAT	Central Africa Time
622742Swollman#	 2:00	SAT	South Africa Time
632742Swollman#	 3:00	EAT	East Africa Time
642742Swollman#	 4:00	SMT	Seychelles and Mascarene Time
652742Swollman# The final `T' is replaced by `ST' for summer time, e.g. `SAST'.
662742Swollman# BEAT is British East Africa Time, which was 2:30 before 1948 and 2:45 after.
672742Swollman
682742Swollman
692742Swollman# Algeria
702742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
712742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1911	only	-	Jan	 1	 0:00s	0	-
722742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1916	only	-	Jun	14	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
732742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1916	1919	-	Oct	Sun<=7	23:00s	0	-
742742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1917	only	-	Mar	24	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
752742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
762742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
772742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Feb	14	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
782742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Oct	23	23:00s	0	-
792742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Mar	14	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
802742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Jun	21	23:00s	0	-
812742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Sep	11	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
822742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 1:00	0	-
832742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon<=7	 2:00	1:00	" DST"
842742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 2:00	0	-
852742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 1:00	0	-
862742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Apr	25	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
872742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Sep	26	23:00s	0	-
882742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1977	only	-	May	 6	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
892742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1977	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	0	-
902742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Mar	24	 1:00	1:00	" DST"
912742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Sep	22	 3:00	0	-
922742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Apr	25	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
932742SwollmanRule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	-
942742Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Whitman's more precise 0:09:05.
952742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
962742SwollmanZone	Africa/Algiers	0:12:12 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15 0:01
972742Swollman			0:09:05	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
982742Swollman			0:00	Algeria	WET%s	1940 Feb 25 2:00
992742Swollman			1:00	Algeria	MET%s	1946 Oct  7
1002742Swollman			0:00	-	WET	1956 Jan 29
1012742Swollman			1:00	-	MET	1963 Apr 14
1022742Swollman			0:00	Algeria	WET%s	1977 Oct 21
1032742Swollman			1:00	Algeria	MET%s	1979 Oct 26
1042742Swollman			0:00	Algeria	WET%s	1981 May
1052742Swollman			1:00	-	MET
1062742Swollman
1078029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Algiers Algeria All points
1088029Swollman
1092742Swollman# Angola
1102742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1112742SwollmanZone	Africa/Luanda	0:52:56	-	LMT	1892
1122742Swollman			0:52	-	LMT	1911 May 26 # Luanda Mean Time
1132742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
1142742Swollman
1158029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Luanda Angola All points
1168029Swollman
1172742Swollman# Benin
1182742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
1192742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1202742SwollmanZone Africa/Porto-Novo	0:10:28	-	LMT	1912
1212742Swollman			0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
1222742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
1232742Swollman
1248029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Porto-Novo Benin All points
1258029Swollman
1262742Swollman# Botswana
1272742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1282742SwollmanZone	Africa/Gaborone	1:43:40 -	LMT	1885
1292742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00
1302742Swollman			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
1312742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
1322742Swollman
1338029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Gaborone Botswana All points
1348029Swollman
1352742Swollman# Burkina Faso
1362742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1372742SwollmanZone Africa/Ouagadougou	-0:06:04 -	LMT	1912
1382742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
1392742Swollman
1408029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Ouagadougou Burkina_Faso All points
1418029Swollman
1422742Swollman# Burundi
1432742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1442742SwollmanZone Africa/Bujumbura	1:57:28	-	LMT	1890
1452742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
1462742Swollman
1478029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bujumbura Burundi All points
1488029Swollman
1492742Swollman# Cameroon
1502742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
1512742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1522742SwollmanZone	Africa/Douala	0:38:48	-	LMT	1912
1532742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
1542742Swollman
1558029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Douala Cameroon All points
1568029Swollman
1572742Swollman# Cape Verde
1582742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1592742SwollmanZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1907			# Praia
1602742Swollman			-2:00	-	CVT	1942 Sep
1612742Swollman			-2:00	1:00	CVST	1945 Oct 15
1622742Swollman			-2:00	-	CVT	1975 Nov 25 2:00
1632742Swollman			-1:00	-	AAT
1642742Swollman
1658029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Cape_Verde Cape_Verde All points
1668029Swollman
1672742Swollman# Central African Republic
1682742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1692742SwollmanZone	Africa/Bangui	1:14:20	-	LMT	1912
1702742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
1712742Swollman
1728029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bangui Central_African_Republic All points
1738029Swollman
1742742Swollman# Chad
1752742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1762742SwollmanZone	Africa/Ndjamena	1:00:12 -	LMT	1912
1772742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT	1979 Oct 14
1782742Swollman			1:00	1:00	CAST	1980 Mar  8
1792742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
1802742Swollman
1818029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Ndjamena Chad All points
1828029Swollman
1832742Swollman# Comoros
1842742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1852742SwollmanZone	Indian/Comoro	2:53:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul   # Moroni, Gran Comoro
1862742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
1872742Swollman
1888029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Comoro Comoros_Islands All points
1898029Swollman
1902742Swollman# Congo
1912742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1922742SwollmanZone Africa/Brazzaville	1:01:08 -	LMT	1912
1932742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
1942742Swollman
1958029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Brazzaville Congo All points
1968029Swollman
1972742Swollman# Cote D'Ivoire
1982742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1992742SwollmanZone	Africa/Abidjan	-0:16:08 -	LMT	1912
2002742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
2012742Swollman
2028029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Abidjan Ivory_Coast All points
2038029Swollman
2042742Swollman# Djibouti
2052742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2062742SwollmanZone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul
2072742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
2082742Swollman
2098029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Djibouti Djibouti All points
2108029Swollman
2112742Swollman###############################################################################
2122742Swollman
2132742Swollman# Egypt
2142742Swollman
2152742Swollman# From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
2162742Swollman# Egypt: DST from first day of May to first of October (ending may
2172742Swollman# also be on Sept 30th not 31st -- you might want to ask one of the
2182742Swollman# soc.* groups, you might hit someone who could ask an embassy).
2192742Swollman# DST since 1960 except for 1981-82.
2202742Swollman
2212742Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
2222742Swollman# EGYPT               2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
2232742Swollman# EGYPT               3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER
2242742Swollman# EGYPT                                  RAMADAN)
2252742Swollman
2262742Swollman# From Shanks (1991):
2272742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2282742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1900	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
2292742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Jul	15	0:00	1:00	" DST"
2302742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
2312742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Apr	15	0:00	1:00	" DST"
2322742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	-
2332742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1942	1944	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
2342742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1942	only	-	Oct	27	0:00	0	-
2352742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1943	1945	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	-
2362742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1945	only	-	Apr	16	0:00	1:00	" DST"
2372742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	" DST"
2382742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
2392742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
2402742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1959	1981	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	" DST"
2412742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
2422742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1966	max	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
2432742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1982	only	-	Jul	25	1:00	1:00	" DST"
2442742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1983	only	-	Jul	12	1:00	1:00	" DST"
2452742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1984	1988	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	" DST"
2462742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1989	only	-	May	 6	1:00	1:00	" DST"
2472742SwollmanRule	Egypt	1990	max	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	" DST"
2482742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2492742SwollmanZone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:00 -	LMT	1900 Oct
2502742Swollman			2:00	Egypt	EET%s
2512742Swollman
2528029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Cairo Egypt All points
2538029Swollman
2542742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea
2552742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2562742SwollmanZone	Africa/Malabo	0:35:08 -	LMT	1912
2572742Swollman			0:00	-	WAT	1963 Dec 15
2582742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
2592742Swollman
2608029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Malabo Equatorial_Guinea All points
2618029Swollman
2622742Swollman# Eritrea
2632742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2642742SwollmanZone	Africa/Asmera	2:35:32 -	LMT	1870
2652742Swollman			2:36	-	AMT	1890	      # Asmera Mean Time
2662742Swollman			2:35	-	AAMT	1936 May 5    # Addis Ababa MT
2672742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
2682742Swollman
2698029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Asmera Eritrea All points
2708029Swollman
2712742Swollman# Ethiopia
2722742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2732742SwollmanZone Africa/Addis_Ababa	2:34:48 -	LMT	1870
2742742Swollman			2:35	-	AAMT	1936 May 5    # Addis Ababa MT
2752742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
2762742Swollman
2778029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Addis_Ababa Ethiopia All points
2788029Swollman
2792742Swollman# Gabon
2802742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2812742SwollmanZone Africa/Libreville	0:37:48 -	LMT	1912
2822742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
2832742Swollman
2848029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Libreville Gabon All points
2858029Swollman
2862742Swollman# Gambia
2872742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2882742SwollmanZone	Africa/Banjul	-1:06:36 -	LMT	1912
2892742Swollman			-1:07	-	BMT	1935	# Banjul Mean Time
2902742Swollman			-1:00	-	AAT	1964
2912742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
2922742Swollman
2938029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Banjul Gambia All points
2948029Swollman
2952742Swollman# Ghana
2962742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
2972742Swollman# WATDT is my invention for ``West Africa one-Third Daylight Time''.
2982742Swollman# From Shanks (1991):
2992742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3002742SwollmanRule	Ghana	1918	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	WAT
3012742Swollman# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
3022742SwollmanRule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	WATDT
3032742SwollmanRule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	WAT
3042742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3052742SwollmanZone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918
3062742Swollman			 0:00	Ghana	%s
3072742Swollman
3088029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Accra Ghana All points
3098029Swollman
3102742Swollman# Guinea
3112742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3122742SwollmanZone	Africa/Conakry	-0:54:52 -	LMT	1912
3132742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
3142742Swollman			 1:00	-	CAT	1960
3152742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
3162742Swollman
3178029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Conakry Guinea All points
3188029Swollman
3192742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau
3202742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3212742SwollmanZone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1911 May 26
3222742Swollman			 1:00	-	CAT	1975
3232742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
3242742Swollman
3258029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bissau Guinea_Bissau All points
3268029Swollman
3272742Swollman# Kenya
3282742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
3292742Swollman# Shanks says the transition to 2:45 was in 1940, but it must have been 1948.
3302742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3312742SwollmanZone	Africa/Nairobi	2:27:16	-	LMT	1928 Jul
3322742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1930
3332742Swollman			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
3342742Swollman			2:45	-	BEAT	1960
3352742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
3362742Swollman
3378029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Nairobi Kenya All points
3388029Swollman
3392742Swollman# Lesotho
3402742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3412742SwollmanZone	Africa/Maseru	1:50:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
3422742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00
3432742Swollman			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
3442742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
3452742Swollman
3468029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Maseru Lesotho All points
3478029Swollman
3482742Swollman# Liberia
3492742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
3502742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
3512742Swollman# from a GMT offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes.
3522742Swollman# Time magazine reported that it was in honor of their leader's birthday.
3532742Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, and Whitman reports -0:44:30;
3542742Swollman# go with Whitman.
3552742Swollman#
3562742Swollman# From Shanks (1991), as corrected by Whitman:
3572742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3582742SwollmanZone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882
3592742Swollman			-0:43:08 -	MMT	1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
3602742Swollman			-0:44:30 -	LST	1972 May # Liberia Standard Time
3612742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
3622742Swollman
3638029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Monrovia Liberia All points
3648029Swollman
3652742Swollman###############################################################################
3662742Swollman
3672742Swollman# Libya
3682742Swollman
3692742Swollman# From Bob Devine (January 28 1988):
3702742Swollman# Libya: Since 1982 April 1st to September 30th (?)
3712742Swollman
3722742Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
3732742Swollman# LIBYAN ARAB         1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
3742742Swollman# LIBYAN ARAB         2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
3752742Swollman
3762742Swollman# From Shanks (1991):
3772742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3782742SwollmanRule	Libya	1920	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
3792742SwollmanRule	Libya	1951	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	" DST"
3802742SwollmanRule	Libya	1952	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
3812742SwollmanRule	Libya	1953	only	-	Oct	 9	2:00	1:00	" DST"
3822742SwollmanRule	Libya	1954	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
3832742SwollmanRule	Libya	1955	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3842742SwollmanRule	Libya	1956	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
3852742SwollmanRule	Libya	1982	1984	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3862742SwollmanRule	Libya	1982	1985	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3872742SwollmanRule	Libya	1985	only	-	Apr	 6	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3882742SwollmanRule	Libya	1986	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3892742SwollmanRule	Libya	1986	only	-	Oct	 3	0:00	0	-
3902742SwollmanRule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3912742SwollmanRule	Libya	1987	1990	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3922742SwollmanRule	Libya	1990	only	-	May	 4	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3932742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
3942742Swollman# Here's a guess for years starting with 1991.
3952742SwollmanRule	Libya	1991	max	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
3962742SwollmanRule	Libya	1991	max	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3972742Swollman
3982742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3992742SwollmanZone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
4002742Swollman			1:00	Libya	MET%s	1959
4012742Swollman			2:00	-	EET	1982
4022742Swollman			1:00	Libya	MET%s
4032742Swollman
4048029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Tripoli Libya All points
4058029Swollman
4062742Swollman# Madagascar
4072742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4082742SwollmanZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul
4092742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1954 Feb 27 23:00s
4102742Swollman			3:00	1:00	EAST	1954 May 29 23:00s
4112742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
4122742Swollman
4138029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Antananarivo Madagascar All points
4148029Swollman
4152742Swollman# Malawi
4162742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4172742SwollmanZone	Africa/Blantyre	2:20:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
4182742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
4192742Swollman
4208029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Blantyre Malawi All points
4218029Swollman
4222742Swollman# Mali
4232742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4242742SwollmanZone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912
4252742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
4262742Swollman			-1:00	-	AAT	1960 Jun 20
4272742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
4288029Swollman
4298029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Bamako Mali All points
4308029Swollman
4312742Swollman# no longer different from Bamako, but too famous to omit
4322742SwollmanZone	Africa/Timbuktu	-0:12:04 -	LMT	1912
4332742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
4342742Swollman
4352742Swollman# Mauritania
4362742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4372742SwollmanZone Africa/Nouakchott	-1:03:48 -	LMT	1912
4382742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
4392742Swollman			-1:00	-	AAT	1960 Jun 20
4402742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
4418029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Noukachott Mauritania All points
4422742Swollman
4432742Swollman# Mauritius
4442742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4452742SwollmanZone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907		# Port Louis
4462742Swollman			4:00	-	SMT
4472742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
4482742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
4492742Swollman
4508029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Mauritius Mauritius All points
4518029Swollman
4522742Swollman# Mayotte
4532742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4542742SwollmanZone	Indian/Mayotte	3:01:08 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Dzaoudzi
4552742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
4562742Swollman
4578029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Mayotte Mayotte All points
4588029Swollman
4592742Swollman# Morocco
4602742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
4612742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1913	only	-	Oct	26	 0:00	0	-
4622742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Sep	12	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
4632742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 0:00	0	-
4642742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1940	only	-	Feb	25	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
4652742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1945	only	-	Nov	18	 0:00	0	-
4662742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Jun	11	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
4672742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	0	-
4682742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Jun	 3	12:00	1:00	" DST"
4692742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
4702742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Jun	24	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
4712742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	0	-
4722742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1976	1977	-	May	 1	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
4732742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1976	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0	-
4742742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1977	only	-	Sep	28	 0:00	0	-
4752742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
4762742SwollmanRule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-
4772742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4782742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
4792742Swollman			 0:00	Morocco	WET%s	1984 Mar 16
4802742Swollman			 1:00	-	MET	1986
4812742Swollman			 0:00	-	WET
4828029Swollman
4838029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Casablanca Morocco All points
4848029Swollman
4852742Swollman# The following are controlled by Spain, and are like Europe/Madrid:
4862742Swollman# Alboran, Alhucemas Is, Ceuta, Chafarinas Is, Mellila.
4872742Swollman
4882742Swollman# Mozambique
4892742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4902742SwollmanZone	Africa/Maputo	2:10:20 -	LMT	1903 Mar
4912742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
4922742Swollman
4938029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Maputo Mozambique All points
4948029Swollman
4952742Swollman# Namibia
4962742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
4972742SwollmanZone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
4982742Swollman			1:30	-	SWAT	1903 Mar	# SW Africa Time
4992742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT	1942 Sep 20 2:00
5002742Swollman			2:00	1:00	SAST	1943 Mar 21 2:00
5012742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
5022742Swollman
5038029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Windhoek Namibia All points
5048029Swollman
5052742Swollman# Niger
5062742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5072742SwollmanZone	Africa/Niamey	0:08:28 -	LMT	1912
5082742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT	1934 Feb 26
5092742Swollman			0:00	-	WAT	1960
5102742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
5112742Swollman
5128029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Niamey Niger All points
5138029Swollman
5142742Swollman# Nigeria
5152742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5162742SwollmanZone	Africa/Lagos	0:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Sep
5172742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
5182742Swollman
5198029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lagos Nigeria All points
5208029Swollman
5212742Swollman# Reunion
5222742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5232742SwollmanZone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun	# St Denis
5242742Swollman			4:00	-	SMT
5252742Swollman
5268029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Reunion Reunion_Island All points
5278029Swollman
5282742Swollman# Rwanda
5292742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5302742SwollmanZone	Africa/Kigali	2:00:16 -	LMT	1935 Jun
5312742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
5322742Swollman
5338029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Kigali Rwanda All points
5348029Swollman
5352742Swollman# St Helena
5362742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5372742SwollmanZone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890		# Jamestown
5382742Swollman			-0:06	-	?MT	1951	# a typo in Shanks?
5392742Swollman			 0:00	-	GMT
5402742Swollman# Whitman says Tristan da Cunha is on GMT, like Atlantic/St_Helena.
5412742Swollman#
5422742Swollman# Ascension, Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale
5432742Swollman# no information; probably like Atlantic/St_Helena
5442742Swollman
5458029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Atlantic St_Helena St_Helena All points
5468029Swollman
5472742Swollman# Sao Tome and Principe
5482742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5492742SwollmanZone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
5502742Swollman			-0:37	-	?MT	1912	# a typo in Shanks?
5512742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
5522742Swollman
5538029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Sao_Tome Sao_Tome_and_Principe All points
5548029Swollman
5552742Swollman# Senegal
5562742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5572742SwollmanZone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912
5582742Swollman			-1:00	-	AAT	1941 Jun
5592742Swollman			 0:00	-	WAT
5602742Swollman
5618029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Dakar Senegal All points
5628029Swollman
5632742Swollman# Seychelles
5642742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5652742SwollmanZone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun	# Victoria
5662742Swollman			4:00	-	SMT
5672742Swollman
5688029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Indian Mahe Seychelles All points
5698029Swollman
5702742Swollman# Sierra Leone
5712742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
5722742SwollmanRule	SL	1913	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	-
5732742Swollman# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
5742742SwollmanRule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	S
5752742SwollmanRule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
5762742SwollmanRule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	S
5772742SwollmanRule	SL	1957	1962	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	-
5782742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5792742SwollmanZone	Africa/Freetown	-0:53:00 -	LMT	1882
5802742Swollman			-0:53	-	FMT	1913 Jun
5812742Swollman			-1:00	SL	AA%sT	1957
5822742Swollman			 0:00	SL	WA%sT
5832742Swollman
5848029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Freetown Sierra_Leone All points
5858029Swollman
5862742Swollman# Somalia
5872742Swollman# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
5882742Swollman# Shanks omits the 1948 transition to 2:45; this is probably a typo.
5892742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
5902742SwollmanZone Africa/Mogadishu	3:01:28 -	LMT	1893 Nov
5912742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1931
5922742Swollman			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
5932742Swollman			2:45	-	BEAT	1957	# not in Shanks
5942742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
5952742Swollman
5968029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Mogadishu Somalia All points
5978029Swollman
5982742Swollman# South Africa
5992742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
6002742SwollmanRule	SA	1892	only	-	Feb	8	0:00	0	-
6012742SwollmanRule	SA	1942	1943	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	S
6022742SwollmanRule	SA	1943	1944	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
6032742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6042742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
6052742Swollman			1:30	-	SAT	1903 Mar
6062742Swollman			2:00	SA	SA%sT
6078029Swollman
6088029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Johannesburg South_Africa All points
6098029Swollman
6102742Swollman# Prince Edward Is
6112742Swollman# no information
6122742Swollman
6132742Swollman# Sudan
6142742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
6152742SwollmanRule	Sudan	1931	only	-	Feb	 8	0:00	0	-
6162742SwollmanRule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
6172742SwollmanRule	Sudan	1970	max	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
6182742SwollmanRule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	" DST"
6192742SwollmanRule	Sudan	1972	max	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	" DST"
6202742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6212742SwollmanZone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
6222742Swollman			2:00	Sudan	EET%s
6232742Swollman
6248029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Khartoum Sudan All points
6258029Swollman
6262742Swollman# Swaziland
6272742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6282742SwollmanZone	Africa/Mbabane	2:04:24 -	LMT	1903 Mar
6292742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
6302742Swollman
6318029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Mbabane Swaziland All points
6328029Swollman
6332742Swollman# Tanzania
6342742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6352742SwollmanZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -	LMT	1931
6362742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1948
6372742Swollman			2:45	-	BEAT	1961
6382742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
6392742Swollman
6408029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Dar_es_Salaam Tanzania All points
6418029Swollman
6422742Swollman# Togo
6432742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6442742SwollmanZone	Africa/Lome	0:04:52 -	LMT	1893
6452742Swollman			0:00	-	WAT
6462742Swollman
6478029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lome Togo All points
6488029Swollman
6492742Swollman# Tunisia
6502742Swollman# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
6512742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1911	only	-	Mar	 9	 0:00	0	-
6522742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1939	only	-	Apr	15	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
6532742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1939	only	-	Nov	18	23:00s	0	-
6542742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1940	only	-	Feb	25	23:00s	1:00	" DST"
6552742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1941	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	0	-
6562742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1942	only	-	Mar	 9	 0:00	1:00	" DST"
6572742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 3:00	0	-
6582742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00	1:00	" DST"
6592742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Apr	17	 2:00	0	-
6602742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Apr	25	 2:00	1:00	" DST"
6612742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00	0	-
6622742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon>=1	 2:00	1:00	" DST"
6632742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 0:00	0	-
6642742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 0:00	0	-
6652742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1977	only	-	Apr	30	 0:00s	1:00	" DST"
6662742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1977	only	-	Sep	24	 0:00s	0	-
6672742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1978	only	-	May	 1	 0:00s	1:00	" DST"
6682742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
6692742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1988	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	" DST"
6702742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1988	max	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
6712742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1989	only	-	Mar	26	 0:00s	1:00	" DST"
6722742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1990	only	-	May	 1	 0:00s	1:00	" DST"
6732742SwollmanRule	Tunisia	1991	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00s	1:00	" DST"
6742742Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Whitman's more precise 0:09:05.
6752742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6762742SwollmanZone	Africa/Tunis	0:40:44 -	LMT	1881 May 12
6772742Swollman			0:09:05	-	PMT	1911 Mar  9    # Paris Mean Time
6782742Swollman			1:00	Tunisia	MET%s
6792742Swollman
6808029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Tunis Tunisia All points
6818029Swollman
6822742Swollman# Uganda
6832742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6842742SwollmanZone	Africa/Kampala	2:09:40 -	LMT	1928 Jul
6852742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT	1930
6862742Swollman			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
6872742Swollman			2:45	-	BEAT	1957
6882742Swollman			3:00	-	EAT
6892742Swollman
6908029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Kampala Uganda All points
6918029Swollman
6922742Swollman# Zaire
6932742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
6942742SwollmanZone Africa/Kinshasa	1:01:12 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
6952742Swollman			1:00	-	CAT
6962742SwollmanZone Africa/Lumumbashi	1:49:52 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
6972742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
6982742Swollman
6998029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Kinshasa Zaire Western (Kinshasa)
7008029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lumumbashi Zaire Eastern (Lumumbashi)
7018029Swollman
7022742Swollman# Zambia
7032742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
7042742SwollmanZone	Africa/Lusaka	1:53:08 -	LMT	1903 Mar
7052742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
7062742Swollman
7078029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Lusaka Zambia All points
7088029Swollman
7092742Swollman# Zimbabwe
7102742Swollman# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
7112742SwollmanZone	Africa/Harare	2:04:12 -	LMT	1903 Mar
7122742Swollman			2:00	-	SAT
7138029Swollman
7148029Swollman# ZONE-DESCR Africa Harare Zimbabwe All points
715