africa revision 226298
1153761Swollman# <pre> 2226298Sedwin# @(#)africa 8.33 3192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 567578Swollman 62742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 72742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 82742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 92742Swollman 10158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 112742Swollman# 122742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 152742Swollman# 1686222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1720094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1820094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1920094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 2020094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 2120094Swollman# 22158421Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23158421Swollman# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2420094Swollman# 252742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 262742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 272742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 282742Swollman# 2914343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3058787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 3114343Swollman# 3230711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 3330711Swollman# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 34149514Swollman# but Mark R V Murray reports that 3530711Swollman# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 3630711Swollman# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 3730711Swollman# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 3830711Swollman# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 3930711Swollman# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 402742Swollman# 4130711Swollman# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 4230711Swollman# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 4330711Swollman# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 4430711Swollman# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 4530711Swollman# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 462742Swollman# 4730711Swollman# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 4830711Swollman# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 4930711Swollman# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 5030711Swollman# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 5130711Swollman# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 5230711Swollman# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 5330711Swollman# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 5430711Swollman# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 5530711Swollman# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 5630711Swollman# until we get more information. 572742Swollman# 5830711Swollman# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 5930711Swollman# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 6030711Swollman# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 61226298Sedwin# 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 6230711Swollman# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6330711Swollman# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 642742Swollman# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 6530711Swollman# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 662742Swollman 672742Swollman# Algeria 682742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6919878SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 70158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 7119878SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 7219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 7319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 7419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 752742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 772742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 792742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 80158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 812742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 822742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 8319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 842742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8519878SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 862742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 882742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 8919878SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 902742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 91158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 92158421Swollman# more precise 0:09:21. 932742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 942742SwollmanZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 9514343Swollman 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 9619878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 9719878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 982742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 9919878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 10019878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 10119878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 10219878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 10319878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1042742Swollman 1052742Swollman# Angola 1062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1072742SwollmanZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 10886222Swollman 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 10930711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1102742Swollman 1112742Swollman# Benin 112158421Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 113158421Swollman# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1142742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1152742SwollmanZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 11630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 11730711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1182742Swollman 1192742Swollman# Botswana 1202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1212742SwollmanZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 12230711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 12330711Swollman 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 12430711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1252742Swollman 1262742Swollman# Burkina Faso 1272742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1282742SwollmanZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 12930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1302742Swollman 1312742Swollman# Burundi 1322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1332742SwollmanZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 13430711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1352742Swollman 1362742Swollman# Cameroon 137158421Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1382742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1392742SwollmanZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 14030711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1412742Swollman 1422742Swollman# Cape Verde 1432742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1442742SwollmanZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 1452742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 1462742Swollman -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 1472742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 14819878Swollman -1:00 - CVT 1492742Swollman 1502742Swollman# Central African Republic 1512742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1522742SwollmanZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 15330711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1542742Swollman 1552742Swollman# Chad 1562742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1572742SwollmanZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 15830711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 15930711Swollman 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 16030711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1612742Swollman 1622742Swollman# Comoros 1632742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1642742SwollmanZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 1652742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1662742Swollman 16730711Swollman# Democratic Republic of Congo 1682742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16930711SwollmanZone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 17030711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 17130711SwollmanZone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 17230711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 17330711Swollman 17430711Swollman# Republic of the Congo 17530711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1762742SwollmanZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 17730711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1782742Swollman 1792742Swollman# Cote D'Ivoire 1802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1812742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 18230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1832742Swollman 1842742Swollman# Djibouti 1852742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1862742SwollmanZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1872742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1882742Swollman 1892742Swollman############################################################################### 1902742Swollman 1912742Swollman# Egypt 1922742Swollman 1932742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 19419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 1952742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19619878SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1972742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 19819878SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1992742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 2002742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 20119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 20219878SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2032742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 20419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 20519878SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2062742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 20730711SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 20819878SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 20919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 21019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 21119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 21230711SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 21343014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 21443543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 215221092Sedwin 216221092Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 217221092Sedwin# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 218221092Sedwin# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 219221092Sedwin# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 220221092Sedwin# 221221092Sedwin# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 222221092Sedwin# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168"> 223221092Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 224221092Sedwin# </a> 225221092Sedwin# or 226221092Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html"> 227221092Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 228221092Sedwin# </a> 229221092SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 230163302SruRule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 231163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 232163302Sru# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 233163302Sru# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 234163302Sru# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 235163302Sru# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 236163302SruRule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 237171948Sedwin# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 238171948Sedwin# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 239171948Sedwin# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 240171948Sedwin# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 241171948Sedwin# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 242171948Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 243172479Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 244172479Sedwin# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 245172479SedwinRule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 246172479Sedwin# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 247172479Sedwin# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 248172479Sedwin# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 249172479Sedwin# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 250172479Sedwin# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 251172479Sedwin# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 252172479Sedwin# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 253171948Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 254172479Sedwin# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 25520094Swollman 256191618Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 257191618Sedwin# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 258191618Sedwin# 259191618Sedwin# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 260192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 261191618Sedwin# Apr 23 262192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 263192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 264191618Sedwin# Apr 24 265192886Sedwin# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 266192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 267191618Sedwin# Aug 27 268192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 269192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 270191618Sedwin# Aug 27 271192886Sedwin# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 272191618Sedwin# 273191618Sedwin# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 274191618Sedwin# :59) 275191618Sedwin# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 276191618Sedwin# 277191618Sedwin# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 278191618Sedwin# 279192886Sedwin# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 280192886Sedwin# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 281191618Sedwin# </a> 282192886Sedwin# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 283192886Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 284191618Sedwin# </a> 285191618Sedwin# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 286191618Sedwin# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 287191618Sedwin# </a> 288191618Sedwin 289191618Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 290191618Sedwin# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 291191618Sedwin# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 292191618Sedwin# in September. 293196582Sedwin 294196582Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 295196582Sedwin# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 296196582Sedwin# Information and Decision Support Center: 297196582Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 298196582Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 299196582Sedwin# </a> 300196582Sedwin# 301196582Sedwin# The Middle East News Agency 302196582Sedwin# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 303196582Sedwin# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 304196582Sedwin# </a> 305196582Sedwin# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 306196582Sedwin# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 307196582Sedwin# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 308196582Sedwin# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 309196582Sedwin# (at least today). 310196582Sedwin 311210718Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 312210718Sedwin# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 313210718Sedwin# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 314210718Sedwin# Ramadan. 315210718Sedwin# 316210718Sedwin# Arabic translation: 317210718Sedwin# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 318210718Sedwin# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 319210718Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 320210718Sedwin# </a> 321210718Sedwin# or 322210718Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 323210718Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 324210718Sedwin# </a> 325210718Sedwin 326191618SedwinRule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 327196582SedwinRule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 - 328211422SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 329211422SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S 330221092SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 331191618Sedwin 3322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3332742SwollmanZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 33419878Swollman 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 3352742Swollman 3362742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 3372742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3382742SwollmanZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 33930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 34030711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 3412742Swollman 3422742Swollman# Eritrea 3432742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 344169811SwollmanZone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 345169811Swollman 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 34630711Swollman 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 3472742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3482742Swollman 3492742Swollman# Ethiopia 350158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 351158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 352158421Swollman# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 35330711Swollman# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 3542742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3552742SwollmanZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 35630711Swollman 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 3572742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3582742Swollman 3592742Swollman# Gabon 3602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3612742SwollmanZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 36230711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 3632742Swollman 3642742Swollman# Gambia 3652742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3662742SwollmanZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 36719878Swollman -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 36830711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1964 36930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3702742Swollman 3712742Swollman# Ghana 3722742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 373158421Swollman# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 374158421Swollman# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 37530711SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 37630711SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 3772742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3782742SwollmanZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 3792742Swollman 0:00 Ghana %s 3802742Swollman 3812742Swollman# Guinea 3822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3832742SwollmanZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 38430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 38530711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 38630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3872742Swollman 3882742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 3892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3902742SwollmanZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 39130711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1975 39230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3932742Swollman 3942742Swollman# Kenya 3952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3962742SwollmanZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 3972742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 39830711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1940 399226298Sedwin 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 4002742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 4012742Swollman 4022742Swollman# Lesotho 4032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4042742SwollmanZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 40530711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 4062742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 40730711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 4082742Swollman 4092742Swollman# Liberia 410158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 4112742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 41286222Swollman# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 41314343Swollman# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 414158421Swollman# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 415158421Swollman# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 416158421Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 417158421Swollman# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 4182742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4192742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 4202742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 42119878Swollman -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 42230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4232742Swollman 4242742Swollman############################################################################### 4252742Swollman 4262742Swollman# Libya 4272742Swollman 4282742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 42919878SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 4302742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 43119878SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 4322742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 43319878SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 4342742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 43519878SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 4362742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 43719878SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 43819878SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 4392742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 44019878SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 441149514SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 4422742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4432742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 44419878Swollman 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 4452742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 44658787Sru 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 447158421Swollman# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 44858787Sru# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 44958787Sru 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 45058787Sru 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 45158787Sru 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 45243014Swollman 2:00 - EET 4532742Swollman 4542742Swollman# Madagascar 4552742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4562742SwollmanZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 4572742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 4582742Swollman 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 4592742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 4602742Swollman 4612742Swollman# Malawi 4622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4632742SwollmanZone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 46430711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 4652742Swollman 4662742Swollman# Mali 4672742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4682742SwollmanZone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 46930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 47030711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 47130711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4722742Swollman 4732742Swollman# Mauritania 4742742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4752742SwollmanZone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 47630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 47730711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 47830711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4792742Swollman 4802742Swollman# Mauritius 481181421Sedwin 482181421Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 483181421Sedwin# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 484181421Sedwin# basis.... 485181421Sedwin# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 486181421Sedwin# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 487181421Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 488181424Sedwin 489181421Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 490181421Sedwin# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 491181424Sedwin 492181421Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 493181421Sedwin# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 494181421Sedwin# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 495181421Sedwin# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 496181424Sedwin 497181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 498181421Sedwin# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 499181421Sedwin 500181424Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 501181424Sedwin# According to 502181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 503181424Sedwin# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 504181424Sedwin# </a> 505181424Sedwin# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 506181424Sedwin# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 507181424Sedwin# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 508181424Sedwin# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 509181424Sedwin# 510181424Sedwin# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 511181424Sedwin# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 512181424Sedwin# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 513181424Sedwin# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 514181424Sedwin# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 515181424Sedwin# changes two days later. 516181424Sedwin 517181424Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 518181424Sedwin# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 519181424Sedwin# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 520181424Sedwin# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 521181424Sedwin# 522181424Sedwin# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 523181424Sedwin# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 524181424Sedwin# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 525181424Sedwin# ... 526181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 527181424Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 528181424Sedwin# </a> 529181424Sedwin 530183066Sedwin# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 531183066Sedwin# The Government of Mauritius weblink 532192886Sedwin# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 533192886Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 534183066Sedwin# </a> 535183066Sedwin# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 536183066Sedwin# 537183066Sedwin# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 538183066Sedwin# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 539183066Sedwin# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 540183066Sedwin# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 541183066Sedwin# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 542183066Sedwin# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 543183066Sedwin# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 544183066Sedwin# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 545183066Sedwin# and end on 29 March 2009. 546183066Sedwin 547183864Sedwin# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 548183864Sedwin# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 549183864Sedwin# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 550183864Sedwin# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 551183864Sedwin# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 552183864Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 553183864Sedwin# </a> 554183864Sedwin 555196581Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 556196581Sedwin# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 557196581Sedwin# DST the coming summer... 558196581Sedwin# 559196581Sedwin# Some sources, in French: 560196581Sedwin# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 561196581Sedwin# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 562196581Sedwin# </a> 563196581Sedwin# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 564196581Sedwin# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 565196581Sedwin# </a> 566196581Sedwin# 567196581Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 568196581Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 569196581Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 570196581Sedwin# </a> 571196581Sedwin 572196581Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 573196581Sedwin# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 574196581Sedwin# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 575196581Sedwin# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 576196581Sedwin 577181421Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 578181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 579181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 580196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 581196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 5822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5832742SwollmanZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 584181421Sedwin 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 5852742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 5862742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 5872742Swollman 5882742Swollman# Mayotte 5892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 59014343SwollmanZone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 5912742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 5922742Swollman 5932742Swollman# Morocco 59430711Swollman# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 595181418Sedwin 596181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 597181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 598181418Sedwin# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 599181418Sedwin# 600181418Sedwin# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 601181418Sedwin# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 602181418Sedwin# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 603181418Sedwin# 604181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 605181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 606181418Sedwin# </a> 607181418Sedwin# OR 608181418Sedwin# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 609181418Sedwin# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 610181418Sedwin# </a> 611181418Sedwin 612181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 613181418Sedwin# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 614181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 615181418Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 616181418Sedwin# </a> 617181418Sedwin# 618181418Sedwin# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 619181418Sedwin# spokesman. 620181418Sedwin 621181418Sedwin# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 622181418Sedwin# According to this article: 623181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 624181418Sedwin# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 625181418Sedwin# </a> 626181418Sedwin# (and republished here: 627181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 628181418Sedwin# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 629181418Sedwin# </a> 630181418Sedwin# ) 631181418Sedwin# the changes occurs at midnight: 632181418Sedwin# 633181418Sedwin# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 634181418Sedwin# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 635181418Sedwin# sunday night the 28th at midnight 636181418Sedwin# 637181418Sedwin# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 638181418Sedwin# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 639181418Sedwin# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 640181418Sedwin# june1st to sept 27th. 641181418Sedwin# 642181418Sedwin# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 643181418Sedwin# published on the web. 644181418Sedwin# 645181418Sedwin# It's also confirmed here: 646181424Sedwin# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 647181418Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 648181418Sedwin# </a> 649181418Sedwin# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 650181418Sedwin# posted in english). 651181418Sedwin# 652181418Sedwin# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 653181418Sedwin# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 654181418Sedwin# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 655181418Sedwin# </a> 656181418Sedwin 657181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 658181418Sedwin# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 659181418Sedwin# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 660181418Sedwin# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 661181418Sedwin# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 662181418Sedwin 663181418Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 664181418Sedwin# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 665181418Sedwin 666183066Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 667183066Sedwin# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 668183066Sedwin# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 669183066Sedwin# of September: 670183066Sedwin# 671183066Sedwin# One article about it (in French): 672183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 673183066Sedwin# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 674183066Sedwin# </a> 675183066Sedwin# 676183066Sedwin# We have some further details posted here: 677183066Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 678183066Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 679183066Sedwin# </a> 680190372Sedwin 681190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 682190372Sedwin# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 683190372Sedwin# to many sources, such as 684190372Sedwin# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 685190372Sedwin# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 686190372Sedwin# </a> 687190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 688190372Sedwin# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 689190372Sedwin# </a> 690190372Sedwin# (French) 691190372Sedwin# 692190372Sedwin# Our summary: 693190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 694190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 695190372Sedwin# </a> 696190372Sedwin 697190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 698190372Sedwin# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 699190372Sedwin# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 700190372Sedwin# 701190372Sedwin# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 702190372Sedwin# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 703190372Sedwin# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 704190372Sedwin# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 705190372Sedwin# 706190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 707190372Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 708190372Sedwin# </a> 709190372Sedwin# 710190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 711190372Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 712190372Sedwin# </a> 713190372Sedwin 714206868Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 715206868Sedwin# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 716206868Sedwin# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 717206868Sedwin# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 718206868Sedwin# 719206868Sedwin# Example: 720206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 721206868Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 722206868Sedwin# </a> 723206868Sedwin# (French) 724206868Sedwin# Our page: 725206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 726206868Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 727206868Sedwin# </a> 728206868Sedwin 729220286Sedwin# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 730220286Sedwin# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 731220286Sedwin# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 732220286Sedwin# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 733220286Sedwin# ...Official links of change in morocco 734220286Sedwin# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 735220286Sedwin# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 736220286Sedwin# +212.537.71.84.00 737220286Sedwin# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/"> 738220286Sedwin# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 739220286Sedwin# </a> 740220286Sedwin# They said that 741220286Sedwin# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view"> 742220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 743220286Sedwin# </a> 744220286Sedwin# is the official publication to look at. 745220286Sedwin# They said that the decision was already taken. 746220286Sedwin# 747220286Sedwin# More articles in the press 748220286Sedwin# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev"> 749220286Sedwin# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev 750220286Sedwin# </a> 751220286Sedwin# e.html 752220286Sedwin# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923"> 753220286Sedwin# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 754220286Sedwin# </a> 755220286Sedwin# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim"> 756220286Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 757220286Sedwin# anche-prochain-5538.html 758220286Sedwin# </a> 759220286Sedwin 760220286Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 761220286Sedwin# They have it written in English here: 762220286Sedwin# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view"> 763220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 764220286Sedwin# </a> 765220286Sedwin# 766220286Sedwin# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 767220286Sedwin# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 768220286Sedwin# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 769220286Sedwin# also been like that in the past. 770220286Sedwin 77120094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 772183066Sedwin 77319878SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 7742742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 77519878SwollmanRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 7762742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 77719878SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 7782742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 77919878SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 7802742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 78119878SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 7822742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 78319878SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 7842742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 7852742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 78619878SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 7872742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 788181418SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 789183066SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 790190372SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 791190372SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 792206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 793206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 794220286SedwinRule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 795220286SedwinRule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 7962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7972742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 79819878Swollman 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 79919878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1986 800181418Sedwin 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 80119878Swollman# Western Sahara 80219878SwollmanZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 80330711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 80419878Swollman 0:00 - WET 8058029Swollman 8062742Swollman# Mozambique 8072742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8082742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 80930711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 8102742Swollman 8112742Swollman# Namibia 812158421Swollman# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 813158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 814169811Swollman 815169811Swollman# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 816169811Swollman# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 817169811Swollman# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 818169811Swollman# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 819169811Swollman# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 820169811Swollman# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 821169811Swollman# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 822169811Swollman# of the country. 823169811Swollman# 824169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 825169811Swollman# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 826169811Swollman# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 827169811Swollman 82820094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 82920094SwollmanRule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 83020094SwollmanRule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 8312742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8322742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 8332742Swollman 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 83430711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 8352742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 83630711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 83730711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 83830711Swollman 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 8392742Swollman 8402742Swollman# Niger 8412742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 84230711SwollmanZone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 84330711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 84430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1960 84530711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 8462742Swollman 8472742Swollman# Nigeria 8482742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8492742SwollmanZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 85030711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 8512742Swollman 8522742Swollman# Reunion 8532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 85414343SwollmanZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 85519878Swollman 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 85643014Swollman# 85743014Swollman# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 85843014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from 85958787Sru# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 86058787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 86158787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories. 86243014Swollman# 86343014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited 86443014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 86543014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 86643014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 86743014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 8682742Swollman 8692742Swollman# Rwanda 8702742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8712742SwollmanZone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 87230711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 8732742Swollman 8742742Swollman# St Helena 8752742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8762742SwollmanZone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 87730711Swollman -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 8782742Swollman 0:00 - GMT 87914343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 88030711Swollman# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 88130711Swollman# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 88258787Sru# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 88358787Sru# on GMT, says the CIA 88430711Swollman# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 88514343Swollman 8862742Swollman# Sao Tome and Principe 8872742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8882742SwollmanZone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 88919878Swollman -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 89030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 8912742Swollman 8922742Swollman# Senegal 8932742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8942742SwollmanZone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 89530711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 89630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 8972742Swollman 8982742Swollman# Seychelles 8992742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9002742SwollmanZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 90119878Swollman 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 90286222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 90386222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 90486222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 90586222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 90686222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 90786222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 9082742Swollman 9092742Swollman# Sierra Leone 9102742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 911158421Swollman# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 91230711SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 91330711SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 91430711SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 91530711SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 9162742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9172742SwollmanZone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 91819878Swollman -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 91930711Swollman -1:00 SL %s 1957 92030711Swollman 0:00 SL %s 9212742Swollman 9222742Swollman# Somalia 9232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9242742SwollmanZone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 9252742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1931 92630711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1957 9272742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 9282742Swollman 9292742Swollman# South Africa 9302742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 93130711SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 9322742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 9332742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9342742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 93530711Swollman 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 93630711Swollman 2:00 SA SAST 93730711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is 93858787Sru# scientific station since 1947 9392742Swollman# no information 9402742Swollman 9412742Swollman# Sudan 94258787Sru# 94358787Sru# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 94458787Sru# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 94558787Sru# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 94658787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 94758787Sru# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 94858787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 94958787Sru# 9502742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 95119878SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 95214343SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 95319878SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 95419878SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 9552742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9562742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 95758787Sru 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 95858787Sru 3:00 - EAT 9592742Swollman 960226298Sedwin# South Sudan 961226298SedwinZone Africa/Juba 2:06:24 - LMT 1931 962226298Sedwin 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 963226298Sedwin 3:00 - EAT 964226298Sedwin 9652742Swollman# Swaziland 9662742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9672742SwollmanZone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 96830711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 9692742Swollman 9702742Swollman# Tanzania 9712742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9722742SwollmanZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 9732742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1948 974226298Sedwin 2:45 - BEAUT 1961 9752742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 9762742Swollman 9772742Swollman# Togo 9782742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9792742SwollmanZone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 98030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 9812742Swollman 9822742Swollman# Tunisia 983149514Swollman 984149514Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 985149514Swollman# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 986149514Swollman# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 987149514Swollman# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 988149514Swollman# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 989149514Swollman# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 990149514Swollman# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 991149514Swollman# Saturday." (My translation) 992149514Swollman# 993149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 994149514Swollman# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 995149514Swollman# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 996149514Swollman# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 997149514Swollman# 1h standard time. 998158421Swollman# 999158421Swollman# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1000158421Swollman# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1001158421Swollman# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1002158421Swollman# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1003158421Swollman# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1004149514Swollman 1005190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1006190372Sedwin# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1007190372Sedwin# (Arabic) 1008190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 1009190372Sedwin# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1010190372Sedwin# </a> 1011190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 1012190372Sedwin# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1013190372Sedwin# </a> 1014190372Sedwin# 1015190372Sedwin# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1016190372Sedwin# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1017190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 1018190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1019190372Sedwin# </a> 1020190372Sedwin 1021190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1022190372Sedwin# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1023190372Sedwin# 1024190372Sedwin# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1025190372Sedwin# 1026190372Sedwin# (in English) 1027190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 1028190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1029190372Sedwin# </a> 1030190372Sedwin# 1031190372Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1032190372Sedwin# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 1033190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1034190372Sedwin# </a> 1035190372Sedwin 1036190372Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 1037190372Sedwin# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 1038190372Sedwin# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 1039190372Sedwin# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 1040190372Sedwin# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1041190372Sedwin 1042206868Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1043206868Sedwin# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1044206868Sedwin# 1045206868Sedwin# (translation): 1046206868Sedwin# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1047206868Sedwin# Sunday... 1048206868Sedwin# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1049206868Sedwin# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1050206868Sedwin# 1051206868Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1052206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 1053206868Sedwin# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1054206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 1055206868Sedwin# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1056206868Sedwin# or 1057206868Sedwin# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 1058206868Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1059206868Sedwin 10602742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 106119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 10622742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 106319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 10642742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 106519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 10662742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 106719878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 10682742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 106919878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 10702742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 107119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 10722742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 10732742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 107419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 10752742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 107619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 10772742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 107819878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 107920094SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 108019878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 108119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1082149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1083149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1084190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1085190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1086206868Sedwin 1087158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1088158421Swollman# more precise 0:09:21. 1089158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 10902742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10912742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 109214343Swollman 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 109319878Swollman 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 10942742Swollman 10952742Swollman# Uganda 10962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10972742SwollmanZone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 10982742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 10992742Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1100226298Sedwin 2:45 - BEAUT 1957 11012742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 11022742Swollman 11032742Swollman# Zambia 11042742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11052742SwollmanZone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 110630711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 11072742Swollman 11082742Swollman# Zimbabwe 11092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11102742SwollmanZone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 111130711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1112