africa revision 20094
1# @(#)africa	7.16
2
3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
6
7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22):
8#
9# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
11# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
12#
13# Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
14# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
15# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
16# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
17# of the IATA's data after 1990.
18#
19# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
20# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
21#
22# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
23# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
24# I found in the UCLA library.
25#
26# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
27# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
28# Oxford University Press (1980).
29#
30# I added so many Zone names that the old, mostly flat name space was unwieldy.
31# So I renamed the Zones to have the form AREA/LOCATION, where
32# AREA is the name of a continent or ocean, and
33# LOCATION is the name of a specific location within that region.
34# For example, the old zone name `Egypt' is now `Africa/Cairo'.
35#
36# Here are the general rules I used for choosing location names,
37# in decreasing order of importance:
38#
39#	Use only valid Posix file names.  Use only Ascii letters, digits, `.',
40#		`-' and `_'.  Do not exceed 14 characters or start with `-'.
41#		E.g. prefer `Brunei' to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'.
42#	Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country.
43#		One such location is enough.
44#	If all the clocks in a country's region have agreed since 1970,
45#		don't bother to include more than one location
46#		even if subregions' clocks disagreed before 1970.
47#		Otherwise these tables would become annoyingly large.
48#	If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
49#		e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so
50#		prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'.
51#	Keep locations compact.  Use cities or small islands, not countries
52#		or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split
53#		locations into different time zones.  E.g. prefer `Paris'
54#		to `France', since France has had multiple time zones.
55#	Use traditional English spelling, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Roma', and
56#		prefer `Athens' to the true name (which uses Greek letters).
57#		The Posix file name restrictions encourage this rule.
58#	Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone,
59#		e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'.  Among locations with
60#		similar populations, pick the best-known location,
61#		e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'.
62#	Use the singular form, e.g. prefer `Canary' to `Canaries'.
63#	Omit common suffixes like `_Islands' and `_City', unless that
64#		would lead to ambiguity.  E.g. prefer `Cayman' to
65#		`Cayman_Islands' and `Guatemala' to `Guatemala_City',
66#		but prefer `Mexico_City' to `Mexico' because the country
67#		of Mexico has several time zones.
68#	Use `_' to represent a space.
69#	Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena'
70#		to `St._Helena'.
71#
72# For time zone abbreviations like `EST' I used the following rules,
73# in decreasing order of importance:
74#
75#	Use abbreviations that consist of 3 or more upper-case Ascii letters,
76#		except use "___" for locations while uninhabited.
77#		Posix.1 requires at least 3 characters, and the restriction to
78#		upper-case Ascii letters follows most traditions.
79#		Previous editions of this database also used characters like
80#		' ' and '?', but these characters have a special meaning to
81#		the shell and cause commands like
82#			set `date`
83#		to have unexpected effects.  In theory, the character set could
84#		be !%./@A-Z^_a-z{}, but these tables use only upper-case
85#		Ascii letters (and "___").
86#	Use abbreviations that are in common use among English-speakers,
87#		e.g. `EST' for Eastern Standard Time in North America.
88#		We assume that applications translate them to other languages
89#		as part of the normal localization process; for example,
90#		a French application might translate `EST' to `HNE'.
91#	For zones whose times are taken from a city's longitude, use the
92#		traditional xMT notation, e.g. `PMT' for Paris Mean Time.
93#		The only name like this in current use is `GMT'.
94#	If there is no common English abbreviation, abbreviate the English
95#		translation of the usual phrase used by native speakers.
96#		If this is not available or is a phrase mentioning the country
97#		(e.g. ``Cape Verde Time''), then:
98#
99#		When a country has a single or principal time zone region,
100#			append `T' to the country's ISO	code, e.g. `CVT' for
101#			Cape Verde Time.  For summer time append `ST';
102#			for double summer time append `DST'; etc.
103#		When a country has multiple time zones, take the first three
104#			letters of an English place name identifying each zone
105#			and then append `T', `ST', etc. as before;
106#			e.g. `MOSST' for MOScow Summer Time.
107#
108#
109# For Africa I invented the following time zone abbreviations.
110#		LMT	Local Mean Time
111#	-1:00	AAT	Atlantic Africa Time (no longer used)
112#	 0:00	WAT	West Africa Time
113#	 1:00	CAT	Central Africa Time
114#	 2:00	SAT	South Africa Time
115#	 3:00	EAT	East Africa Time
116# The final `T' is replaced by `ST' for summer time, e.g. `SAST'.
117# BEAT is British East Africa Time, which was 2:30 before 1948 and 2:45 after.
118
119
120# Algeria
121# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
122Rule	Algeria	1916	only	-	Jun	14	23:00s	1:00	S
123Rule	Algeria	1916	1919	-	Oct	Sun<=7	23:00s	0	-
124Rule	Algeria	1917	only	-	Mar	24	23:00s	1:00	S
125Rule	Algeria	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	23:00s	1:00	S
126Rule	Algeria	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	23:00s	1:00	S
127Rule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Feb	14	23:00s	1:00	S
128Rule	Algeria	1920	only	-	Oct	23	23:00s	0	-
129Rule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Mar	14	23:00s	1:00	S
130Rule	Algeria	1921	only	-	Jun	21	23:00s	0	-
131Rule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Sep	11	23:00s	1:00	S
132Rule	Algeria	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 1:00	0	-
133Rule	Algeria	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon<=7	 2:00	1:00	S
134Rule	Algeria	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 2:00	0	-
135Rule	Algeria	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 1:00	0	-
136Rule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Apr	25	23:00s	1:00	S
137Rule	Algeria	1971	only	-	Sep	26	23:00s	0	-
138Rule	Algeria	1977	only	-	May	 6	 0:00	1:00	S
139Rule	Algeria	1977	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	0	-
140Rule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Mar	24	 1:00	1:00	S
141Rule	Algeria	1978	only	-	Sep	22	 3:00	0	-
142Rule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Apr	25	 0:00	1:00	S
143Rule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	-
144# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
145# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
146Zone	Africa/Algiers	0:12:12 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15 0:01
147			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
148			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1940 Feb 25 2:00
149			1:00	Algeria	CE%sT	1946 Oct  7
150			0:00	-	WET	1956 Jan 29
151			1:00	-	CET	1963 Apr 14
152			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1977 Oct 21
153			1:00	Algeria	CE%sT	1979 Oct 26
154			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1981 May
155			1:00	-	CET
156
157# Angola
158# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
159Zone	Africa/Luanda	0:52:56	-	LMT	1892
160			0:52:04	-	LMT	1911 May 26 # Luanda Mean Time?
161			1:00	-	CAT
162
163# Bassas da India
164# uninhabited
165
166# Benin
167# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
168# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
169Zone Africa/Porto-Novo	0:10:28	-	LMT	1912
170			0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
171			1:00	-	CAT
172
173# Botswana
174# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
175Zone	Africa/Gaborone	1:43:40 -	LMT	1885
176			2:00	-	SAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00
177			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
178			2:00	-	SAT
179
180# Burkina Faso
181# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
182Zone Africa/Ouagadougou	-0:06:04 -	LMT	1912
183			 0:00	-	WAT
184
185# Burundi
186# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
187Zone Africa/Bujumbura	1:57:28	-	LMT	1890
188			2:00	-	SAT
189
190# Cameroon
191# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
192# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
193Zone	Africa/Douala	0:38:48	-	LMT	1912
194			1:00	-	CAT
195
196# Cape Verde
197# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
198Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1907			# Praia
199			-2:00	-	CVT	1942 Sep
200			-2:00	1:00	CVST	1945 Oct 15
201			-2:00	-	CVT	1975 Nov 25 2:00
202			-1:00	-	CVT
203
204# Central African Republic
205# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
206Zone	Africa/Bangui	1:14:20	-	LMT	1912
207			1:00	-	CAT
208
209# Chad
210# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
211Zone	Africa/Ndjamena	1:00:12 -	LMT	1912
212			1:00	-	CAT	1979 Oct 14
213			1:00	1:00	CAST	1980 Mar  8
214			1:00	-	CAT
215
216# Comoros
217# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
218Zone	Indian/Comoro	2:53:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul   # Moroni, Gran Comoro
219			3:00	-	EAT
220
221# Congo
222# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
223Zone Africa/Brazzaville	1:01:08 -	LMT	1912
224			1:00	-	CAT
225
226# Cote D'Ivoire
227# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
228Zone	Africa/Abidjan	-0:16:08 -	LMT	1912
229			 0:00	-	WAT
230
231# Djibouti
232# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
233Zone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul
234			3:00	-	EAT
235
236###############################################################################
237
238# Egypt
239
240# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
241# Egypt: DST from first day of May to first of October (ending may
242# also be on Sept 30th not 31st -- you might want to ask one of the
243# soc.* groups, you might hit someone who could ask an embassy).
244# DST since 1960 except for 1981-82.
245
246# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
247# EGYPT               2 H  AHEAD OF UTC
248# EGYPT               3 H  AHEAD OF UTC  MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER
249# EGYPT                                  RAMADAN)
250
251# From Shanks (1991):
252# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
253Rule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Jul	15	0:00	1:00	S
254Rule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
255Rule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Apr	15	0:00	1:00	S
256Rule	Egypt	1941	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	-
257Rule	Egypt	1942	1944	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
258Rule	Egypt	1942	only	-	Oct	27	0:00	0	-
259Rule	Egypt	1943	1945	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	-
260Rule	Egypt	1945	only	-	Apr	16	0:00	1:00	S
261Rule	Egypt	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
262Rule	Egypt	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
263Rule	Egypt	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
264Rule	Egypt	1959	1981	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
265Rule	Egypt	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
266Rule	Egypt	1966	1990	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
267Rule	Egypt	1982	only	-	Jul	25	1:00	1:00	S
268Rule	Egypt	1983	only	-	Jul	12	1:00	1:00	S
269Rule	Egypt	1984	1988	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
270Rule	Egypt	1989	only	-	May	 6	1:00	1:00	S
271Rule	Egypt	1990	only	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
272Rule	Egypt	1991	1994	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
273Rule	Egypt	1991	1994	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
274Rule	Egypt	1995	max	-	Apr	lastFri	0:00	1:00	S
275Rule	Egypt	1995	max	-	Sep	lastFri	0:00	0	-
276
277# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
278Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:00 -	LMT	1900 Oct
279			2:00	Egypt	EE%sT
280
281# Equatorial Guinea
282# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
283Zone	Africa/Malabo	0:35:08 -	LMT	1912
284			0:00	-	WAT	1963 Dec 15
285			1:00	-	CAT
286
287# Eritrea
288# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
289Zone	Africa/Asmera	2:35:32 -	LMT	1870
290			2:35:32	-	AMT	1890	      # Asmera Mean Time
291			2:35:20	-	AAMT	1936 May 5    # Addis Ababa MT?
292			3:00	-	EAT
293
294# Ethiopia
295# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
296Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa	2:34:48 -	LMT	1870
297			2:35:20	-	AAMT	1936 May 5    # Addis Ababa MT?
298			3:00	-	EAT
299
300# Europa Island
301# uninhabited
302
303# Gabon
304# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
305Zone Africa/Libreville	0:37:48 -	LMT	1912
306			1:00	-	CAT
307
308# Gambia
309# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
310Zone	Africa/Banjul	-1:06:36 -	LMT	1912
311			-1:06:36 -	BMT	1935	# Banjul Mean Time
312			-1:00	-	AAT	1964
313			 0:00	-	WAT
314
315# Ghana
316# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-09-03):
317# WATST is my invention for ``West Africa one-Third Summer Time''.
318# From Shanks (1991):
319# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
320# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
321Rule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	WATST
322Rule	Ghana	1936	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	WAT
323# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
324Zone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918
325			 0:00	Ghana	%s
326
327# Glorioso Is
328# uninhabited
329
330# Guinea
331# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
332Zone	Africa/Conakry	-0:54:52 -	LMT	1912
333			 0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
334			 1:00	-	CAT	1960
335			 0:00	-	WAT
336
337# Guinea-Bissau
338# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
339Zone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1911 May 26
340			 1:00	-	CAT	1975
341			 0:00	-	WAT
342
343# Juan de Nova
344# uninhabited
345
346# Kenya
347# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
348# Shanks says the transition to 2:45 was in 1940, but it must have been 1948.
349# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
350Zone	Africa/Nairobi	2:27:16	-	LMT	1928 Jul
351			3:00	-	EAT	1930
352			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
353			2:45	-	BEAT	1960
354			3:00	-	EAT
355
356# Lesotho
357# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
358Zone	Africa/Maseru	1:50:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
359			2:00	-	SAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00
360			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
361			2:00	-	SAT
362
363# Liberia
364# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
365# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
366# from a GMT offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes.
367# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
368# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
369# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
370# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
371#
372# From Shanks (1991), as corrected by Whitman:
373# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
374Zone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882
375			-0:43:08 -	MMT	1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
376			-0:44:30 -	LRT	1972 May # Liberia Time
377			 0:00	-	WAT
378
379###############################################################################
380
381# Libya
382
383# From Bob Devine (January 28 1988):
384# Libya: Since 1982 April 1st to September 30th (?)
385
386# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
387# LIBYAN ARAB         1 H  AHEAD OF UTC  JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
388# LIBYAN ARAB         2 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
389
390# From Shanks (1991):
391# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
392Rule	Libya	1951	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	S
393Rule	Libya	1952	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
394Rule	Libya	1953	only	-	Oct	 9	2:00	1:00	S
395Rule	Libya	1954	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
396Rule	Libya	1955	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	1:00	S
397Rule	Libya	1956	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	-
398Rule	Libya	1982	1984	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
399Rule	Libya	1982	1985	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
400Rule	Libya	1985	only	-	Apr	 6	0:00	1:00	S
401Rule	Libya	1986	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	1:00	S
402Rule	Libya	1986	only	-	Oct	 3	0:00	0	-
403Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
404Rule	Libya	1987	1990	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
405Rule	Libya	1990	only	-	May	 4	0:00	1:00	S
406Rule	Libya	1996	max	-	Mar	30	2:00s	1:00	S
407Rule	Libya	1996	max	-	Sep	30	2:00s	0	-
408# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
409Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
410			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1959
411			2:00	-	EET	1982
412			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1991
413			2:00	-	EET	1996 Mar 30 3:00
414			1:00	Libya	CE%sT
415
416# Madagascar
417# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
418Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul
419			3:00	-	EAT	1954 Feb 27 23:00s
420			3:00	1:00	EAST	1954 May 29 23:00s
421			3:00	-	EAT
422
423# Malawi
424# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
425Zone	Africa/Blantyre	2:20:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
426			2:00	-	SAT
427
428# Mali
429# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
430Zone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912
431			 0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
432			-1:00	-	AAT	1960 Jun 20
433			 0:00	-	WAT
434# no longer different from Bamako, but too famous to omit
435Zone	Africa/Timbuktu	-0:12:04 -	LMT	1912
436			 0:00	-	WAT
437
438# Mauritania
439# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
440Zone Africa/Nouakchott	-1:03:48 -	LMT	1912
441			 0:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
442			-1:00	-	AAT	1960 Jun 20
443			 0:00	-	WAT
444
445# Mauritius
446# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
447Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907		# Port Louis
448			4:00	-	MUT	# Mauritius Time
449# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
450# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
451
452# Mayotte
453# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
454Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou
455			3:00	-	EAT
456
457# Morocco
458# RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
459Rule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Sep	12	 0:00	1:00	S
460Rule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Nov	19	 0:00	0	-
461Rule	Morocco	1940	only	-	Feb	25	 0:00	1:00	S
462Rule	Morocco	1945	only	-	Nov	18	 0:00	0	-
463Rule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Jun	11	 0:00	1:00	S
464Rule	Morocco	1950	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	0	-
465Rule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Jun	 3	12:00	1:00	S
466Rule	Morocco	1967	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
467Rule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Jun	24	 0:00	1:00	S
468Rule	Morocco	1974	only	-	Sep	 1	 0:00	0	-
469Rule	Morocco	1976	1977	-	May	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
470Rule	Morocco	1976	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0	-
471Rule	Morocco	1977	only	-	Sep	28	 0:00	0	-
472Rule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
473Rule	Morocco	1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-
474# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
475Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
476			 0:00	Morocco	WE%sT	1984 Mar 16
477			 1:00	-	CET	1986
478			 0:00	-	WET
479# Western Sahara
480Zone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan
481			-1:00	-	AAT	1976 Apr 14
482			 0:00	-	WET
483
484# Mozambique
485# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
486Zone	Africa/Maputo	2:10:20 -	LMT	1903 Mar
487			2:00	-	SAT
488
489# Namibia
490# RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
491Rule	Namibia	1994	max	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
492Rule	Namibia	1995	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
493# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
494Zone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
495			1:30	-	SWAT	1903 Mar	# SW Africa Time
496			2:00	-	SAT	1942 Sep 20 2:00
497			2:00	1:00	SAST	1943 Mar 21 2:00
498			2:00	Namibia	SA%sT
499
500# Niger
501# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
502Zone	Africa/Niamey	0:08:28 -	LMT	1912
503			1:00	-	CAT	1934 Feb 26
504			0:00	-	WAT	1960
505			1:00	-	CAT
506
507# Nigeria
508# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
509Zone	Africa/Lagos	0:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Sep
510			1:00	-	CAT
511
512# Reunion
513# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
514Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun	# Saint-Denis
515			4:00	-	RET	# Reunion Time
516
517# Rwanda
518# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
519Zone	Africa/Kigali	2:00:16 -	LMT	1935 Jun
520			2:00	-	SAT
521
522# St Helena
523# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
524Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890		# Jamestown
525			-0:06	-	SHT	1951	# St Helena Time (?)
526			 0:00	-	GMT
527# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
528#	Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, says Whitman
529#	Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995
530#	Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
531
532# Sao Tome and Principe
533# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
534Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
535			-0:36:32 -	LMT	1912	# Lisbon Mean Time
536			 0:00	-	WAT
537
538# Senegal
539# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
540Zone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912
541			-1:00	-	AAT	1941 Jun
542			 0:00	-	WAT
543
544# Seychelles
545# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
546Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun	# Victoria
547			4:00	-	SCT	# Seychelles Time
548
549# Sierra Leone
550# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
551# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
552Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	S
553Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
554Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	S
555Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	-
556# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
557Zone	Africa/Freetown	-0:53:00 -	LMT	1882
558			-0:53:00 -	FMT	1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
559			-1:00	SL	AA%sT	1957
560			 0:00	SL	WA%sT
561
562# Somalia
563# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
564# Shanks omits the 1948 transition to 2:45; this is probably a typo.
565# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
566Zone Africa/Mogadishu	3:01:28 -	LMT	1893 Nov
567			3:00	-	EAT	1931
568			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
569			2:45	-	BEAT	1957	# not in Shanks
570			3:00	-	EAT
571
572# South Africa
573# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
574Rule	SA	1942	1943	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	S
575Rule	SA	1943	1944	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
576# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
577Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
578			1:30	-	SAT	1903 Mar
579			2:00	SA	SA%sT
580# Prince Edward Is
581# no information
582
583# Sudan
584# From Michael Ross <mross@antigone.com> (1995-11-15):
585# Sudan no longer observes any form of daylight time change.
586# I verified this today by telephone with the Sudan Mission to the
587# United Nations: 212-573-6033
588# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
589Rule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
590Rule	Sudan	1970	1985	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
591Rule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	S
592Rule	Sudan	1972	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
593# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
594Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
595			2:00	Sudan	EE%sT
596
597# Swaziland
598# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
599Zone	Africa/Mbabane	2:04:24 -	LMT	1903 Mar
600			2:00	-	SAT
601
602# Tanzania
603# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
604Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -	LMT	1931
605			3:00	-	EAT	1948
606			2:45	-	BEAT	1961
607			3:00	-	EAT
608
609# Togo
610# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
611Zone	Africa/Lome	0:04:52 -	LMT	1893
612			0:00	-	WAT
613
614# Tromelin
615# uninhabited
616
617# Tunisia
618# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
619Rule	Tunisia	1939	only	-	Apr	15	23:00s	1:00	S
620Rule	Tunisia	1939	only	-	Nov	18	23:00s	0	-
621Rule	Tunisia	1940	only	-	Feb	25	23:00s	1:00	S
622Rule	Tunisia	1941	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	0	-
623Rule	Tunisia	1942	only	-	Mar	 9	 0:00	1:00	S
624Rule	Tunisia	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 3:00	0	-
625Rule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00	1:00	S
626Rule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Apr	17	 2:00	0	-
627Rule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Apr	25	 2:00	1:00	S
628Rule	Tunisia	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00	0	-
629Rule	Tunisia	1944	1945	-	Apr	Mon>=1	 2:00	1:00	S
630Rule	Tunisia	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 0:00	0	-
631Rule	Tunisia	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 0:00	0	-
632Rule	Tunisia	1977	only	-	Apr	30	 0:00s	1:00	S
633Rule	Tunisia	1977	only	-	Sep	24	 0:00s	0	-
634Rule	Tunisia	1978	only	-	May	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
635Rule	Tunisia	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
636Rule	Tunisia	1988	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
637Rule	Tunisia	1988	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
638Rule	Tunisia	1989	only	-	Mar	26	 0:00s	1:00	S
639Rule	Tunisia	1990	only	-	May	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
640# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
641# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
642# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
643Zone	Africa/Tunis	0:40:44 -	LMT	1881 May 12
644			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
645			1:00	Tunisia	CE%sT
646
647# Uganda
648# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
649Zone	Africa/Kampala	2:09:40 -	LMT	1928 Jul
650			3:00	-	EAT	1930
651			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
652			2:45	-	BEAT	1957
653			3:00	-	EAT
654
655# Zaire
656# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
657Zone Africa/Kinshasa	1:01:12 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
658			1:00	-	CAT
659Zone Africa/Lubumbashi	1:49:52 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
660			2:00	-	SAT
661
662# Zambia
663# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
664Zone	Africa/Lusaka	1:53:08 -	LMT	1903 Mar
665			2:00	-	SAT
666
667# Zimbabwe
668# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
669Zone	Africa/Harare	2:04:12 -	LMT	1903 Mar
670			2:00	-	SAT
671