africa revision 181418
133965Sjdp# @(#)africa 8.11 278828Sobrien# <pre> 333965Sjdp 433965Sjdp# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 533965Sjdp# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 633965Sjdp# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 733965Sjdp 833965Sjdp# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 933965Sjdp# 1033965Sjdp# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 1133965Sjdp# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 1233965Sjdp# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 1333965Sjdp# 1433965Sjdp# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1533965Sjdp# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1633965Sjdp# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1733965Sjdp# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1833965Sjdp# of the IATA's data after 1990. 1933965Sjdp# 2033965Sjdp# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 2133965Sjdp# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 2233965Sjdp# 2333965Sjdp# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 2433965Sjdp# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 2533965Sjdp# I found in the UCLA library. 2633965Sjdp# 2733965Sjdp# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 2833965Sjdp# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 2933965Sjdp# 3033965Sjdp# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 3133965Sjdp# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 3233965Sjdp# but Mark R V Murray reports that 3333965Sjdp# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 3433965Sjdp# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 3533965Sjdp# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 3633965Sjdp# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 3733965Sjdp# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 3833965Sjdp# 3933965Sjdp# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 4033965Sjdp# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 4133965Sjdp# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 4233965Sjdp# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 4333965Sjdp# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 4433965Sjdp# 4533965Sjdp# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 4633965Sjdp# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 4733965Sjdp# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 4833965Sjdp# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 4933965Sjdp# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 5033965Sjdp# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 5133965Sjdp# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 5233965Sjdp# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 5333965Sjdp# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 5433965Sjdp# until we get more information. 5533965Sjdp# 5633965Sjdp# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 5733965Sjdp# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 5833965Sjdp# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 5933965Sjdp# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 6033965Sjdp# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6133965Sjdp# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6233965Sjdp# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 6333965Sjdp# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6433965Sjdp 6533965Sjdp# Algeria 6633965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6733965SjdpRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 6833965SjdpRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 6933965SjdpRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 7033965SjdpRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 7133965SjdpRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 7233965SjdpRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 7333965SjdpRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7433965SjdpRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 7533965SjdpRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7633965SjdpRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 7733965SjdpRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 7833965SjdpRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 7933965SjdpRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 8033965SjdpRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 8133965SjdpRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 8233965SjdpRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8333965SjdpRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 8433965SjdpRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8533965SjdpRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 8633965SjdpRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 8733965SjdpRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 8833965SjdpRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 8933965Sjdp# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 9033965Sjdp# more precise 0:09:21. 9133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9233965SjdpZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 9333965Sjdp 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 9433965Sjdp 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 95107492Sobrien 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 9633965Sjdp 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 9733965Sjdp 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 9833965Sjdp 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 9933965Sjdp 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 10033965Sjdp 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 10133965Sjdp 1:00 - CET 10233965Sjdp 10333965Sjdp# Angola 10433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10533965SjdpZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 10633965Sjdp 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 10733965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 10833965Sjdp 10933965Sjdp# Benin 11033965Sjdp# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 11133965Sjdp# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 11233965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11333965SjdpZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 11433965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 11533965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 11633965Sjdp 11777298Sobrien# Botswana 11877298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11977298SobrienZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 12077298Sobrien 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 12133965Sjdp 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 12277298Sobrien 2:00 - CAT 12377298Sobrien 12477298Sobrien# Burkina Faso 12577298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12677298SobrienZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 12777298Sobrien 0:00 - GMT 12833965Sjdp 12933965Sjdp# Burundi 13033965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13133965SjdpZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 13233965Sjdp 2:00 - CAT 13377298Sobrien 13477298Sobrien# Cameroon 13577298Sobrien# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 13677298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13777298SobrienZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 13877298Sobrien 1:00 - WAT 13977298Sobrien 14077298Sobrien# Cape Verde 14177298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14277298SobrienZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 14377298Sobrien -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 14433965Sjdp -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 14533965Sjdp -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 14633965Sjdp -1:00 - CVT 14733965Sjdp 14833965Sjdp# Central African Republic 14977298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15033965SjdpZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 15133965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 15233965Sjdp 15333965Sjdp# Chad 15433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15533965SjdpZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 15633965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 157130561Sobrien 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 158130561Sobrien 1:00 - WAT 159130561Sobrien 160130561Sobrien# Comoros 161130561Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 162130561SobrienZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 163130561Sobrien 3:00 - EAT 164130561Sobrien 165130561Sobrien# Democratic Republic of Congo 166130561Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 167130561SobrienZone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 168130561Sobrien 1:00 - WAT 169130561SobrienZone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 170130561Sobrien 2:00 - CAT 171130561Sobrien 17233965Sjdp# Republic of the Congo 17333965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17433965SjdpZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 17533965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 17633965Sjdp 17733965Sjdp# Cote D'Ivoire 17833965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 17977298SobrienZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 18033965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 18133965Sjdp 18233965Sjdp# Djibouti 18333965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 18489857SobrienZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 18589857Sobrien 3:00 - EAT 18633965Sjdp 18733965Sjdp############################################################################### 18833965Sjdp 18933965Sjdp# Egypt 19033965Sjdp 19133965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 19289857SobrienRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 19389857SobrienRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19489857SobrienRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 19589857SobrienRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 19633965SjdpRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 19733965SjdpRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 19833965SjdpRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 19933965SjdpRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 20033965SjdpRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 20133965SjdpRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 20233965SjdpRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 20333965SjdpRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20433965SjdpRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 20533965SjdpRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 20633965SjdpRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 20777298SobrienRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 20833965SjdpRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20933965SjdpRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 21033965SjdpRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 21133965Sjdp# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 21233965Sjdp# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 21333965SjdpRule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 21433965SjdpRule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 21533965Sjdp# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 21633965Sjdp# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 21733965Sjdp# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 21833965Sjdp# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 21933965Sjdp# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 22033965SjdpRule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 22133965Sjdp# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 22233965Sjdp# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 22333965Sjdp# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 22433965Sjdp# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 22533965Sjdp# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 22633965Sjdp# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 22733965Sjdp# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 22833965Sjdp# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 22933965SjdpRule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 23033965Sjdp# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 23133965Sjdp# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 23233965Sjdp# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 23333965Sjdp# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 23433965Sjdp# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 23533965Sjdp# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 23633965Sjdp# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 23733965Sjdp# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 23833965Sjdp# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 23933965SjdpRule Egypt 2008 max - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 24033965Sjdp 24133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24233965SjdpZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 24333965Sjdp 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 24433965Sjdp 24533965Sjdp# Equatorial Guinea 24633965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24733965SjdpZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 24833965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 24933965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 25077298Sobrien 25133965Sjdp# Eritrea 25233965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25333965SjdpZone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 25433965Sjdp 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 25533965Sjdp 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 25633965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 25733965Sjdp 25833965Sjdp# Ethiopia 25933965Sjdp# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 26033965Sjdp# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 26133965Sjdp# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 26233965Sjdp# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 26333965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26433965SjdpZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 26533965Sjdp 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 26633965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 26733965Sjdp 26833965Sjdp# Gabon 26933965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27033965SjdpZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 27177298Sobrien 1:00 - WAT 27277298Sobrien 27377298Sobrien# Gambia 27433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27533965SjdpZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 27633965Sjdp -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 27733965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1964 27833965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 27933965Sjdp 28033965Sjdp# Ghana 28177298Sobrien# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 28233965Sjdp# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 28333965Sjdp# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 28433965SjdpRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 28577298SobrienRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 28633965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 28733965SjdpZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 28833965Sjdp 0:00 Ghana %s 28933965Sjdp 29033965Sjdp# Guinea 29133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 29233965SjdpZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 29333965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 29433965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1960 29533965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 29677298Sobrien 29733965Sjdp# Guinea-Bissau 29833965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 29933965SjdpZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 30033965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1975 30133965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 30277298Sobrien 30377298Sobrien# Kenya 30433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 30533965SjdpZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 30633965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 1930 30777298Sobrien 2:30 - BEAT 1940 30877298Sobrien 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 30977298Sobrien 3:00 - EAT 31077298Sobrien 31133965Sjdp# Lesotho 31233965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 31333965SjdpZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 31433965Sjdp 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 31533965Sjdp 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 31633965Sjdp 2:00 - SAST 31733965Sjdp 31877298Sobrien# Liberia 31933965Sjdp# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 32033965Sjdp# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 32133965Sjdp# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 32233965Sjdp# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 32333965Sjdp# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 32433965Sjdp# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 32533965Sjdp# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 32677298Sobrien# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 32733965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 32833965SjdpZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 32933965Sjdp -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 33033965Sjdp -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 33133965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 33233965Sjdp 33333965Sjdp############################################################################### 33433965Sjdp 33533965Sjdp# Libya 33633965Sjdp 33733965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 33833965SjdpRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 33933965SjdpRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 34033965SjdpRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 34133965SjdpRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 34233965SjdpRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 34333965SjdpRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 34433965SjdpRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 34577298SobrienRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 34633965SjdpRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 34733965SjdpRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 34833965SjdpRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 34960484SobrienRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 35033965SjdpRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 35133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 352130561SobrienZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 35333965Sjdp 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 35433965Sjdp 2:00 - EET 1982 35533965Sjdp 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 35677298Sobrien# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 35733965Sjdp# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 35833965Sjdp 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 35933965Sjdp 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 36033965Sjdp 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 36133965Sjdp 2:00 - EET 36233965Sjdp 36333965Sjdp# Madagascar 36433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36533965SjdpZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 36633965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 36733965Sjdp 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 36833965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 36933965Sjdp 37033965Sjdp# Malawi 37133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 37233965SjdpZone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 373130561Sobrien 2:00 - CAT 37433965Sjdp 37533965Sjdp# Mali 37633965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 37733965SjdpZone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 37833965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 379130561Sobrien -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 38033965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 38133965Sjdp 38233965Sjdp# Mauritania 38333965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 38433965SjdpZone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 38533965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 38633965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 38733965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 38833965Sjdp 38933965Sjdp# Mauritius 39033965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 39133965SjdpZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 39233965Sjdp 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time 39333965Sjdp# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 39433965Sjdp# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 39533965Sjdp 39633965Sjdp# Mayotte 39733965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 39833965SjdpZone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 39933965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 40077298Sobrien 40133965Sjdp# Morocco 40233965Sjdp# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 40333965Sjdp 40433965Sjdp# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 40533965Sjdp# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 40633965Sjdp# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 40733965Sjdp# 40833965Sjdp# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 40933965Sjdp# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 41033965Sjdp# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 41133965Sjdp# 41233965Sjdp# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 41333965Sjdp# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 41433965Sjdp# </a> 41533965Sjdp# OR 41633965Sjdp# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 41733965Sjdp# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 41833965Sjdp# </a> 41933965Sjdp 42033965Sjdp# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 42133965Sjdp# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 42233965Sjdp# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 42333965Sjdp# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 42433965Sjdp# </a> 42533965Sjdp# 42633965Sjdp# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 42733965Sjdp# spokesman. 42833965Sjdp 42933965Sjdp# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 43033965Sjdp# According to this article: 43133965Sjdp# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 43233965Sjdp# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 43333965Sjdp# </a> 43433965Sjdp# (and republished here: 43533965Sjdp# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 43633965Sjdp# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 43733965Sjdp# </a> 43833965Sjdp# ) 43933965Sjdp# the changes occurs at midnight: 44033965Sjdp# 44133965Sjdp# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 44233965Sjdp# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 44333965Sjdp# sunday night the 28th at midnight 44433965Sjdp# 44533965Sjdp# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 44633965Sjdp# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 44733965Sjdp# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 44833965Sjdp# june1st to sept 27th. 44960484Sobrien# 45060484Sobrien# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 45133965Sjdp# published on the web. 45233965Sjdp# 45333965Sjdp# It's also confirmed here: 45460484Sobrien# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm "> 45533965Sjdp# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 45660484Sobrien# </a> 45760484Sobrien# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 45860484Sobrien# posted in english). 45960484Sobrien# 46060484Sobrien# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 46160484Sobrien# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 46260484Sobrien# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 46333965Sjdp# </a> 46433965Sjdp 46533965Sjdp# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 46633965Sjdp# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 46733965Sjdp# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 46833965Sjdp# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 46933965Sjdp# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 47033965Sjdp 47133965Sjdp# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 47233965Sjdp# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 47333965Sjdp 47433965Sjdp# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 47533965SjdpRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 47633965SjdpRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 47733965SjdpRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 47833965SjdpRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 47933965SjdpRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 48060484SobrienRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 48160484SobrienRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 48260484SobrienRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 48333965SjdpRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 48433965SjdpRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 48533965SjdpRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 48633965SjdpRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 48760484SobrienRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 48860484SobrienRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 48960484SobrienRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 49060484SobrienRule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 49133965SjdpRule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 49233965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 49333965SjdpZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 49433965Sjdp 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 49533965Sjdp 1:00 - CET 1986 49633965Sjdp 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 49733965Sjdp# Western Sahara 49877298SobrienZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 49933965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 50033965Sjdp 0:00 - WET 50133965Sjdp 50278828Sobrien# Mozambique 50333965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 50433965SjdpZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 50533965Sjdp 2:00 - CAT 50633965Sjdp 50733965Sjdp# Namibia 50889857Sobrien# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 50933965Sjdp# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 51033965Sjdp 51133965Sjdp# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 51233965Sjdp# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 51333965Sjdp# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 51433965Sjdp# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 51533965Sjdp# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 51633965Sjdp# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 51733965Sjdp# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 51877298Sobrien# of the country. 51933965Sjdp# 52033965Sjdp# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 52133965Sjdp# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 52277298Sobrien# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 52333965Sjdp 52433965Sjdp# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 52533965SjdpRule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 52633965SjdpRule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 52733965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 52833965SjdpZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 52933965Sjdp 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 53033965Sjdp 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 53133965Sjdp 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 53233965Sjdp 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 53333965Sjdp 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 53433965Sjdp 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 53533965Sjdp 53633965Sjdp# Niger 53733965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 53833965SjdpZone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 53933965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 54033965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 1960 54133965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 54233965Sjdp 54333965Sjdp# Nigeria 54433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 54533965SjdpZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 54633965Sjdp 1:00 - WAT 54733965Sjdp 54833965Sjdp# Reunion 54933965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 55033965SjdpZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 55133965Sjdp 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 55233965Sjdp# 55333965Sjdp# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 55433965Sjdp# The following information about them is taken from 55533965Sjdp# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 55633965Sjdp# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 55733965Sjdp# We have no info about their time zone histories. 55833965Sjdp# 55933965Sjdp# Bassas da India - uninhabited 56033965Sjdp# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 56133965Sjdp# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 56233965Sjdp# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 56333965Sjdp# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 56477298Sobrien 56533965Sjdp# Rwanda 56633965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 56733965SjdpZone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 56833965Sjdp 2:00 - CAT 56933965Sjdp 57033965Sjdp# St Helena 57133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 57233965SjdpZone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 57333965Sjdp -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 57433965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 57533965Sjdp# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 57633965Sjdp# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 57733965Sjdp# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 57833965Sjdp# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 57933965Sjdp# on GMT, says the CIA 58033965Sjdp# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 58133965Sjdp 58233965Sjdp# Sao Tome and Principe 58333965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 58433965SjdpZone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 58533965Sjdp -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 58633965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 58733965Sjdp 58833965Sjdp# Senegal 58933965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 59033965SjdpZone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 59133965Sjdp -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 59233965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 59333965Sjdp 59477298Sobrien# Seychelles 59533965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 59633965SjdpZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 59733965Sjdp 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 59833965Sjdp# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 59933965Sjdp# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 60033965Sjdp# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 60133965Sjdp# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 60277298Sobrien# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 60333965Sjdp# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 60433965Sjdp 60533965Sjdp# Sierra Leone 60633965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 60733965Sjdp# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 60877298SobrienRule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 60933965SjdpRule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 61033965SjdpRule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 61177298SobrienRule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 61277298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 61333965SjdpZone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 61433965Sjdp -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 61533965Sjdp -1:00 SL %s 1957 61633965Sjdp 0:00 SL %s 617130561Sobrien 61833965Sjdp# Somalia 61977298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 62033965SjdpZone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 62133965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 1931 62233965Sjdp 2:30 - BEAT 1957 62333965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 62433965Sjdp 62533965Sjdp# South Africa 62633965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 62733965SjdpRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 62833965SjdpRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 62977298Sobrien# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 63033965SjdpZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 63133965Sjdp 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 63233965Sjdp 2:00 SA SAST 63333965Sjdp# Marion and Prince Edward Is 63460484Sobrien# scientific station since 1947 63533965Sjdp# no information 63633965Sjdp 63777298Sobrien# Sudan 63877298Sobrien# 63977298Sobrien# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 64033965Sjdp# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 64160484Sobrien# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 64233965Sjdp# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 64333965Sjdp# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 64433965Sjdp# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 64533965Sjdp# 64633965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 64777298SobrienRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 64833965SjdpRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 64933965SjdpRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 65033965SjdpRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 65133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 65233965SjdpZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 65333965Sjdp 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 65433965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 65533965Sjdp 65633965Sjdp# Swaziland 65733965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 65833965SjdpZone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 65977298Sobrien 2:00 - SAST 66033965Sjdp 66133965Sjdp# Tanzania 66233965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 66333965SjdpZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 66433965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 1948 66533965Sjdp 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 66633965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 66733965Sjdp 66833965Sjdp# Togo 66933965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 67033965SjdpZone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 67133965Sjdp 0:00 - GMT 67233965Sjdp 67333965Sjdp# Tunisia 67433965Sjdp 67533965Sjdp# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 67633965Sjdp# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 67733965Sjdp# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 67833965Sjdp# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 67933965Sjdp# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 68077298Sobrien# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 68133965Sjdp# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 68233965Sjdp# Saturday." (My translation) 68333965Sjdp# 68433965Sjdp# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 68533965Sjdp# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 68633965Sjdp# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 68733965Sjdp# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 68833965Sjdp# 1h standard time. 68933965Sjdp# 69033965Sjdp# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 69133965Sjdp# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 69233965Sjdp# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 69333965Sjdp# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 69433965Sjdp# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 69533965Sjdp 69633965Sjdp# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 69733965SjdpRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 69833965SjdpRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 69933965SjdpRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 70033965SjdpRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 70133965SjdpRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 70233965SjdpRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 70333965SjdpRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 70477298SobrienRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 70533965SjdpRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 70633965SjdpRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 70733965SjdpRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 70833965SjdpRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 70933965SjdpRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 71033965SjdpRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 71133965SjdpRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 71233965SjdpRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 71333965SjdpRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 71433965SjdpRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 71533965SjdpRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 71633965SjdpRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 71733965SjdpRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 71833965SjdpRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 71933965SjdpRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 72033965SjdpRule Tunisia 2006 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 72133965SjdpRule Tunisia 2006 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 72233965Sjdp# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 72333965Sjdp# more precise 0:09:21. 72460484Sobrien# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 72533965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 72633965SjdpZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 72733965Sjdp 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 72833965Sjdp 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 72933965Sjdp 73060484Sobrien# Uganda 73133965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 73233965SjdpZone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 73333965Sjdp 3:00 - EAT 1930 73433965Sjdp 2:30 - BEAT 1948 73533965Sjdp 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 73660484Sobrien 3:00 - EAT 73760484Sobrien 73833965Sjdp# Zambia 73933965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 74033965SjdpZone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 74133965Sjdp 2:00 - CAT 74233965Sjdp 74333965Sjdp# Zimbabwe 74433965Sjdp# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 74533965SjdpZone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 74633965Sjdp 2:00 - CAT 74733965Sjdp