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11190214Srpaulo	<TD ALIGN=LEFT VALIGN=TOP>
12190214Srpaulo		<FONT SIZE=+0 FACE="COURIER"><B>A "Distributed Pcap" for<BR>Remote Monitoring LANs & WANs</B><BR>
13190214Srpaulo										(Design Notes for the SITA ACN device)</FONT>
14190214Srpaulo	</TD>
15190214Srpaulo	<TD ALIGN=RIGHT VALIGN=TOP>
16190214Srpaulo		Fulko Hew<BR>SITA INC Canada, Inc.<BR>Revised: October 2, 2007
17190214Srpaulo	</TD>
18190214Srpaulo</TR></TABLE>
19190214Srpaulo
20190214Srpaulo
21190214Srpaulo<H3>SUMMARY</H3>
22190214Srpaulo<UL>
23214518Srpaulo	<STRONG>Note:</STRONG> This document is part of the libpcap Git and was derived from 'pcap.3' (circa Aug/07).
24190214Srpaulo	<P>
25190214Srpaulo	The ACN provides a customized/distributed version of this library that alows SMPs to
26190214Srpaulo	interact with the various IOPs within the site providing a standard mechanism
27190214Srpaulo	to capture LAN and WAN message traffic.
28190214Srpaulo	<P>
29190214Srpaulo	<CENTER>
30190214Srpaulo		<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=75%>
31190214Srpaulo			<TR>
32190214Srpaulo				<TH VALIGN=TOP>SMP</TH>
33190214Srpaulo				<TD VALIGN=TOP>The Supervisory Management Processor where Wireshark (or equivalent)
34190214Srpaulo								runs in conjuction with a libpcap front-end.</TD>
35190214Srpaulo			</TR>
36190214Srpaulo			<TR>
37190214Srpaulo				<TH VALIGN=TOP>IOP</TH>
38190214Srpaulo				<TD VALIGN=TOP>I/O Processors where the monitored ports exist in conjunction
39190214Srpaulo								with a custom device driver/libpcap back-end.</TD>
40190214Srpaulo			</TR>
41190214Srpaulo		</TABLE>
42190214Srpaulo	</CENTER>
43190214Srpaulo	<P>
44190214Srpaulo	Each IOP will be capable of supporting multiple connections from an SMP
45190214Srpaulo	enabling monitoring of more than one interface at a time, each through
46190214Srpaulo	its own seperate connection.  The IOP is responsible to ensure and report
47190214Srpaulo	an error if any attempt is made to monitor the same interface more than once.
48190214Srpaulo	<P>
49190214Srpaulo	There are three applications that will be supported by the ACN version of libpcap.
50190214Srpaulo	They each use a slightly different mode for looping/capturing and termination
51190214Srpaulo	as summarized in the following table:
52190214Srpaulo	<P>
53190214Srpaulo	<CENTER>
54190214Srpaulo	<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
55190214Srpaulo    	<TR><TH>Application</TH>	<TH>Capture</TH>	<TH>Termination</TH></TR>
56190214Srpaulo    	<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>wireshark</TH>
57190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_dispatch(all packets in one buffer of capture only)</TD>
58190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_breakloop()</TD>
59190214Srpaulo		</TR>
60190214Srpaulo    	<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>tshark</TH>
61190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_dispatch(one buffer of capture only)</TD>
62190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Since a CTRL-C was used to terminate the application, pcap_breakloop() is never called.</TD>
63190214Srpaulo		</TR>
64190214Srpaulo    	<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>tcpdump</TH>
65190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_loop(all packets in the next buffer, and loop forever)</TD>
66190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>pcap_breakloop()</TD>
67190214Srpaulo		</TR>
68190214Srpaulo	</TABLE>
69190214Srpaulo	</CENTER>
70190214Srpaulo	<P>
71190214Srpaulo	<B>Note: </B>In all cases, the termination of capturing is always (apparently) followed by
72190214Srpaulo	pcap_close().  Pcap_breakloop() is only used to stop/suspend looping/processing,
73190214Srpaulo	and upon close interpretation of the function definitions, it is possible to resume
74190214Srpaulo	capturing following a pcap_breakloop() without any re-initialization.
75190214Srpaulo	<P>
76190214Srpaulo	<H4>ACN Limitations</H4>
77190214Srpaulo	<OL>
78190214Srpaulo		<LI>Monitoring of backup IOPs is not currently supported.
79190214Srpaulo		<LI>Ethernet interfaces cannot be monitored in promiscuous mode.
80190214Srpaulo	</OL>
81190214Srpaulo
82190214Srpaulo</UL>
83190214Srpaulo
84190214Srpaulo<H3>ROUTINES</H3>
85190214Srpaulo<UL>
86190214Srpaulo		The following list of functions is the sub-set of Pcap functions that have been
87190214Srpaulo		altered/enhanced to support the ACN remote monitoring facility.  The remainder of the Pcap
88190214Srpaulo		functions continue to perform their duties un-altered.  Libpcap only supports this
89190214Srpaulo		mode of operation if it has been configured/compiled for SITA/ACN support.
90190214Srpaulo		<P>
91190214Srpaulo		<UL><FONT FACE=COURIER>
92190214Srpaulo			pcap_findalldevs<BR>
93190214Srpaulo			pcap_freealldevs<BR>
94190214Srpaulo			pcap_open_live<BR>
95190214Srpaulo			pcap_close<BR>
96190214Srpaulo			pcap_setfilter<BR>
97190214Srpaulo			pcap_dispatch<BR>
98190214Srpaulo			pcap_loop<BR>
99190214Srpaulo			pcap_next<BR>
100190214Srpaulo			pcap_next_ex<BR>
101190214Srpaulo			pcap_stats<BR>
102190214Srpaulo		</FONT></UL>
103190214Srpaulo
104190214Srpaulo	These subroutines have been modified for the ACN specific distributed and remote monitoring
105190214Srpaulo	ability perform the following basic functions.  More detail is provided in the
106190214Srpaulo	"SMP/IOP Inter-Process Communication Protocol" section.
107190214Srpaulo	<P>
108190214Srpaulo<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
109190214Srpaulo	<TR>
110190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_open_live()</B></TD>
111190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to obtain a packet capture descriptor to look at packets on the network.</TD>
112190214Srpaulo	</TR>
113190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
114190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
115190214Srpaulo			<TD>
116190214Srpaulo			The SMP will open a connection to the selected IOP on its 'sniffer' port
117190214Srpaulo			to ensure it is available.  It sends a null terminated string identifying
118190214Srpaulo			the interface to be monitored.
119190214Srpaulo			</TD>
120190214Srpaulo		</TR>
121190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
122190214Srpaulo			<TD>
123190214Srpaulo			After any required processing is complete, the IOP will return a
124190214Srpaulo			null terminated string containing an error message if one occured.
125190214Srpaulo			If no error occured, a empty string is still returned.
126190214Srpaulo			Errors are:
127190214Srpaulo			<UL>
128190214Srpaulo			<LI>"Interface (xxx) does not exist."
129190214Srpaulo			<LI>"Interface (xxx) not configured."
130190214Srpaulo			<LI>"Interface (xxx) already being monitored."
131190214Srpaulo			</UL>
132190214Srpaulo			</TD>
133190214Srpaulo		</TR>
134190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
135190214Srpaulo
136190214Srpaulo	<TR>
137190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_findalldevs()</B></TD>
138190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>It constructs a list of network devices that can be opened with pcap_open_live().</TD>
139190214Srpaulo	</TR>
140190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
141190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
142190214Srpaulo			<TD>
143190214Srpaulo			It obtains a list of IOPs currently available (via /etc/hosts).
144190214Srpaulo			</TD>
145190214Srpaulo		</TR>
146190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
147190214Srpaulo			<TD>
148190214Srpaulo			The SMP will sequentially open a connection to each IOP on its 'sniffer' port to ensure
149190214Srpaulo			the IOP is available.
150190214Srpaulo			It sends a null terminated empty interface ID followed by the query request command.
151190214Srpaulo			</TD>
152190214Srpaulo		</TR>
153190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
154190214Srpaulo			<TD>The IOP returns an error response and its list of devices.
155190214Srpaulo			</TD>
156190214Srpaulo		</TR>
157190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
158190214Srpaulo			<TD>
159190214Srpaulo			The SMP closes the TCP connection with each IOP.
160190214Srpaulo			</TD>
161190214Srpaulo		</TR>
162190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
163190214Srpaulo			<TD>
164190214Srpaulo			The SMP adds the received information to its internal structure.
165190214Srpaulo			</TD>
166190214Srpaulo		</TR>
167190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
168190214Srpaulo
169190214Srpaulo	<TR>
170190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_freealldevs()</B></TD>
171190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to free a list allocated by pcap_findalldevs().</TD>
172190214Srpaulo	</TR>
173190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
174190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
175190214Srpaulo			<TD>
176190214Srpaulo			The SMP frees the structure it built as a result of the previous
177190214Srpaulo			invocation of pcap_findalldevs().
178190214Srpaulo			</TD>
179190214Srpaulo		</TR>
180190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
181190214Srpaulo
182190214Srpaulo	<TR>
183190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_dispatch()</B></TD>
184190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to collect and process packets.</TD>
185190214Srpaulo	</TR>
186190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
187190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
188190214Srpaulo			<TD>
189190214Srpaulo			On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
190190214Srpaulo			the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
191190214Srpaulo			</TD>
192190214Srpaulo		</TR>
193190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
194190214Srpaulo			<TD>
195190214Srpaulo			The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
196190214Srpaulo			</TD>
197190214Srpaulo		</TR>
198190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
199190214Srpaulo			<TD>
200190214Srpaulo			The SMP will read the reverse channel of the connection between the SMP and the
201190214Srpaulo			IOP that provides the captured data (via 'p->read_op' which is 'pcap_read_linux()'
202190214Srpaulo			until the select() call returns a 'no more data' indication.
203190214Srpaulo			It will the process (at most) the next 'cnt' packets and invoke the specified
204190214Srpaulo			callback function for each packet processed.
205190214Srpaulo			</TD>
206190214Srpaulo		</TR>
207190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
208190214Srpaulo			<TD>
209190214Srpaulo			The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
210190214Srpaulo			</TD>
211190214Srpaulo		</TR>
212190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
213190214Srpaulo
214190214Srpaulo	<TR>
215190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_loop()</B></TD>
216190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>
217190214Srpaulo				Is similar to pcap_dispatch() except it keeps reading packets until
218190214Srpaulo				the requested number of packets are processed or an error occurs.
219190214Srpaulo		</TD>
220190214Srpaulo	</TR>
221190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
222190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
223190214Srpaulo			<TD>
224190214Srpaulo			On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
225190214Srpaulo			the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
226190214Srpaulo			</TD>
227190214Srpaulo		</TR>
228190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
229190214Srpaulo			<TD>
230190214Srpaulo			The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
231190214Srpaulo			</TD>
232190214Srpaulo		</TR>
233190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
234190214Srpaulo			<TD>
235190214Srpaulo			The SMP continuously reads the next packet from the reverse channel of the connection
236190214Srpaulo			between the SMP and the IOP that provides the captured data (via 'p->read_op'
237190214Srpaulo			which is 'pcap_read_linux()' until 'cnt' packets have been received.
238190214Srpaulo			The specified callback function will be invoked for each packet received.
239190214Srpaulo			</TD>
240190214Srpaulo		</TR>
241190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
242190214Srpaulo			<TD>
243190214Srpaulo			The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
244190214Srpaulo			</TD>
245190214Srpaulo		</TR>
246190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
247190214Srpaulo
248190214Srpaulo	<TR>
249190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_next()</B></TD>
250190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>
251190214Srpaulo			It reads the next packet (by calling pcap_dispatch() with a count of 1)
252190214Srpaulo			and returns a pointer to the data in that packet.
253190214Srpaulo		</TD>
254190214Srpaulo	</TR>
255190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
256190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
257190214Srpaulo			<TD>
258190214Srpaulo			On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
259190214Srpaulo			the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
260190214Srpaulo			</TD>
261190214Srpaulo		</TR>
262190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
263190214Srpaulo			<TD>
264190214Srpaulo			The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
265190214Srpaulo			</TD>
266190214Srpaulo		</TR>
267190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
268190214Srpaulo			<TD>
269190214Srpaulo			The SMP reads only the next packet from the reverse channel of the connection
270190214Srpaulo			between the SMP and the IOP that provides the captured data (via calling pcap_dispatch()
271190214Srpaulo			with a count of 1) and returns a pointer to that data by invoking an internal callback.
272190214Srpaulo			</TD>
273190214Srpaulo		</TR>
274190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
275190214Srpaulo			<TD>
276190214Srpaulo			The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
277190214Srpaulo			</TD>
278190214Srpaulo		</TR>
279190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
280190214Srpaulo
281190214Srpaulo	<TR>
282190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_next_ex()</B></TD>
283190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP>Reads the next packet and returns a success/failure indication.</TD>
284190214Srpaulo	</TR>
285190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
286190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
287190214Srpaulo			<TD>
288190214Srpaulo			On the first invocation of pcap_dispatch(), pcap_loop(), or pcap_next(), or pcap_next_ex() following a pcap_open_live(),
289190214Srpaulo			the SMP will pass down the monitor start command and various parameters the IOP should use.
290190214Srpaulo			</TD>
291190214Srpaulo		</TR>
292190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
293190214Srpaulo			<TD>
294190214Srpaulo			The IOP now sends a stream of captured data.
295190214Srpaulo			</TD>
296190214Srpaulo		</TR>
297190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
298190214Srpaulo			<TD>
299190214Srpaulo			The SMP reads only the next packet from the reverse channel of the connection
300190214Srpaulo			between the SMP and the IOP that provides the captured data (via calling pcap_dispatch()
301190214Srpaulo			with a count of 1) and returns seperate pointers to both the
302190214Srpaulo			packet header and packet data by invoking an internal callback.
303190214Srpaulo			</TD>
304190214Srpaulo		</TR>
305190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
306190214Srpaulo			<TD>
307190214Srpaulo			The IOP continues to listen for additional commands as well as capturing and forwarding data to the SMP.
308190214Srpaulo			</TD>
309190214Srpaulo		</TR>
310190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
311190214Srpaulo
312190214Srpaulo	<TR>
313190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_setfilter()</B></TD>
314190214Srpaulo        <TD VALIGN=TOP>Used to specify a filter program.</TD>
315190214Srpaulo	</TR>
316190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
317190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
318190214Srpaulo			<TD>
319190214Srpaulo			The SMP sends a 'set filter' command followed by the BPF commands.
320190214Srpaulo			</TD>
321190214Srpaulo		</TR>
322190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
323190214Srpaulo			<TD>
324190214Srpaulo			The IOP returns a null terminated error string if it failed to accept the filter.
325190214Srpaulo			If no error occured, then a NULL terminated empty string is returned instead.
326190214Srpaulo			Errors are:
327190214Srpaulo			<UL>
328190214Srpaulo			<LI>"Invalid BPF."
329190214Srpaulo			<LI>"Insufficient resources for BPF."
330190214Srpaulo			</UL>
331190214Srpaulo			</TD>
332190214Srpaulo		</TR>
333190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
334190214Srpaulo
335190214Srpaulo	<TR>
336190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_stats()</B></TD>
337190214Srpaulo        <TD VALIGN=TOP>Fills in a pcap_stat struct with packet statistics.</TD>
338190214Srpaulo	</TR>
339190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
340190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
341190214Srpaulo			<TD>
342190214Srpaulo			The SMP sends a message to the IOP requesting its statistics.
343190214Srpaulo			</TD>
344190214Srpaulo		</TR>
345190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TH>
346190214Srpaulo			<TD>
347190214Srpaulo			The IOP returns the statistics.
348190214Srpaulo			</TD>
349190214Srpaulo		</TR>
350190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP</TH>
351190214Srpaulo			<TD>
352190214Srpaulo			The SMP fills in the structure provided with the information retrieved from the IOP.
353190214Srpaulo			</TD>
354190214Srpaulo		</TR>
355190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
356190214Srpaulo
357190214Srpaulo	<TR>
358190214Srpaulo		<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2><B>pcap_close()</B></TD>
359190214Srpaulo        <TD VALIGN=TOP>Closes the file and deallocates resources.</TD>
360190214Srpaulo	</TR>
361190214Srpaulo	<TR><TD><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 WIDTH=100%>
362190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TH>
363190214Srpaulo			<TD>
364190214Srpaulo			The SMP closes the file descriptor, and if the descriptor is that of
365190214Srpaulo			the comminucation session with an IOP, it too is terminated.
366190214Srpaulo			</TD>
367190214Srpaulo		</TR>
368190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>IOP</TH>
369190214Srpaulo			<TD>
370190214Srpaulo			If the IOP detects that its communication session with an SMP
371190214Srpaulo			has closed, it will terminate any monitoring in progress,
372190214Srpaulo			release any resources and close its end of the session.
373190214Srpaulo			It will not maintain persistance of any information or prior mode of operation.
374190214Srpaulo			</TD>
375190214Srpaulo		</TR>
376190214Srpaulo	</TABLE></TD></TR>
377190214Srpaulo</TABLE>
378190214Srpaulo</UL>
379190214Srpaulo
380190214Srpaulo<P>
381190214Srpaulo<H3>SMP/IOP Inter-Process Communication Protocol</H3>
382190214Srpaulo
383190214Srpaulo<UL>
384190214Srpaulo	<LI><P>Communications between an SMP and an IOP consists of a TCP session
385190214Srpaulo			between an ephemeral port on the SMP and the well known port of 49152
386190214Srpaulo			(which is the first available port in the 'dynamic and/or private port'
387190214Srpaulo			range) on an IOP.
388190214Srpaulo	<LI><P>Following a TCP open operation the IOP receives a null terminated
389190214Srpaulo			'interface ID' string to determine the type of operation that follows:
390190214Srpaulo	<LI><P>Every command received by an IOP implies a 'stop trace/stop forwarding' operation must
391190214Srpaulo			occur before executing the received command.
392190214Srpaulo	<LI><P>A session is closed when the SMP closes the TCP session with the IOP.
393190214Srpaulo			Obviously monitoring and forwarding is also stopped at that time.
394190214Srpaulo
395190214Srpaulo	<B>Note: </B>All multi-octet entities are sent in network neutral order.
396190214Srpaulo	<P>
397190214Srpaulo
398190214Srpaulo	<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5>
399190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
400190214Srpaulo		<TR>
401190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=6>pcap_findalldevs()</TD>
402190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
403190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Open socket (to each IOP), and sends:
404190214Srpaulo				<P>
405190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
406190214Srpaulo					<TR>
407190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
408190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
409190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
410190214Srpaulo					</TR>
411190214Srpaulo					<TR>
412190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>Interface ID</TD>
413190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
414190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>A NULL to indicate an an empty 'interface ID'.</TD>
415190214Srpaulo					</TR>
416190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
417190214Srpaulo			</TD>
418190214Srpaulo		</TR>
419190214Srpaulo		<TR>
420190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
421190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Send its (possibly empty) NULL terminated error response string.</TD>
422190214Srpaulo		</TR>
423190214Srpaulo		<TR>
424190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
425190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Sends the 'interface query request':
426190214Srpaulo				<P>
427190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
428190214Srpaulo					<TR>
429190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
430190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
431190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
432190214Srpaulo					</TR>
433190214Srpaulo					<TR>
434190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>Interface ID</TD>
435190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
436190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>A 'Q' (indicating 'interface query request').</TD>
437190214Srpaulo					</TR>
438190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
439190214Srpaulo			</TD>
440190214Srpaulo		</TR>
441190214Srpaulo		<TR>
442190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
443190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>The IOP returns a list of sequences of information as
444190214Srpaulo				defined by the return parameter of this function call (as shown in the following table).
445190214Srpaulo				Elements are specified by providing an unsigned byte preceeding the actual data that contains length information.
446190214Srpaulo				<P>
447190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
448190214Srpaulo				<TR>
449190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Notes:</TH>
450190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
451190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
452190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
453190214Srpaulo				</TR>
454190214Srpaulo				<TR>
455190214Srpaulo					<TD ROWSPAN=7>&nbsp;</TD>
456190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
457190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
458190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the name field that follows.</TD>
459190214Srpaulo				</TR>
460190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Name</TD>
461190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1-255</TD>
462190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The name of the interface. The format of the name is an alphabetic string (indicating
463190214Srpaulo									the type of interface) followed by an optional numeric string (indicating the interface's
464190214Srpaulo									sequence number).
465190214Srpaulo									Sequence numbers (if needed) will begin at zero and progress monotonically upwards.
466190214Srpaulo									(i.e. 'eth0', 'lo', 'wan0', etc.)
467190214Srpaulo									<P>
468190214Srpaulo									For an IOP, the alphabetic string will be one of: 'eth', 'wan', and 'lo'
469190214Srpaulo									for Ethernet, WAN ports and the IP loopback device respectively.
470190214Srpaulo									An IOP currently supports: 'eth0', 'eth1', 'lo', 'wan0' ... 'wan7'.
471190214Srpaulo									<P>
472190214Srpaulo						<B>Note:</B> IOPs and ACNs will not currently support the concept of 'any' interface.</TD>
473190214Srpaulo				</TR>
474190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
475190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
476190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the interface description field that follows.</TD>
477190214Srpaulo				</TR>
478190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Interface Description</TD>
479190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
480190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>A description of the interface or it may be an empty string. (i.e. 'ALC')</TD>
481190214Srpaulo				</TR>
482190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Interface Type</TD>
483190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
484190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The type of interface as defined in the description for pcap_datalink() (in network neutral order).</TD>
485190214Srpaulo				</TR>
486190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Loopback Flag</TD>
487190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
488190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>1 = if the interface is a loopback interface, zero = otherwise.</TD>
489190214Srpaulo				</TR>
490190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>count</TD>
491190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
492190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP># of address entries that follow.
493190214Srpaulo						Each entry is a series of bytes in network neutral order.
494190214Srpaulo						See the parameter definition above for more details.</TD>
495190214Srpaulo				</TR>
496190214Srpaulo				<TR>
497190214Srpaulo					<TD ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=8 WIDTH=1%>Repeated 'count' number of times.</TD>
498190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
499190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
500190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the address field that follows.</TD>
501190214Srpaulo				</TR>
502190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Address</TD>
503190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1-255</TD>
504190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The address of this interface (in network neutral order).</TD>
505190214Srpaulo				</TR>
506190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
507190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
508190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the netmask field that follows.</TD>
509190214Srpaulo				</TR>
510190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Network Mask</TD>
511190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
512190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The network mask used on this interface (if applicable) (in network neutral order).</TD>
513190214Srpaulo				</TR>
514190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
515190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
516190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the broadcast address field that follows.</TD>
517190214Srpaulo				</TR>
518190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Broadcast Address</TD>
519190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
520190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The broadcast address of this interface (if applicable) (in network neutral order).</TD>
521190214Srpaulo				</TR>
522190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=RIGHT>length</TD>
523190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
524190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of octets in the destination address field that follows.</TD>
525190214Srpaulo				</TR>
526190214Srpaulo				<TR><TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=LEFT>Destination Address</TD>
527190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>0-255</TD>
528190214Srpaulo					<TD VALIGN=TOP>The destination address of this interface (if applicable) (in network neutral order).</TD>
529190214Srpaulo				</TR>
530190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
531190214Srpaulo		</TR>
532190214Srpaulo		<TR>
533190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
534190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Close the socket.</TD>
535190214Srpaulo		</TR>
536190214Srpaulo		<TR>
537190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
538190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Close the socket.</TD>
539190214Srpaulo		</TR>
540190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
541190214Srpaulo		<TR>
542190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_open_live()</TD>
543190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
544190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Open socket, and sends:
545190214Srpaulo				<P>
546190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
547190214Srpaulo					<TR>
548190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
549190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
550190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
551190214Srpaulo					</TR>
552190214Srpaulo					<TR>
553190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>Interface ID</TD>
554190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>'n'</TD>
555190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>'n' octets containing a NULL terminated interface name string.</TD>
556190214Srpaulo					</TR>
557190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
558190214Srpaulo			</TD>
559190214Srpaulo		</TR>
560190214Srpaulo		<TR>
561190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
562190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Send its NULL terminated error response string.</TD>
563190214Srpaulo		</TR>
564190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
565190214Srpaulo		<TR>
566190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_dispatch()<BR>pcap_loop()<BR>pcap_next()<BR>pcap_next_ex()</TD>
567190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
568190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>On the first invocation following a pcap_open_live() or pcap_breakloop() additional information is sent:
569190214Srpaulo				<P>
570190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
571190214Srpaulo					<TR>
572190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
573190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
574190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
575190214Srpaulo					</TR>
576190214Srpaulo					<TR>
577190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>command</TD>
578190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
579190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>'M' (indicating 'monitor start')</TD>
580190214Srpaulo					</TR>
581190214Srpaulo					<TR>
582190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>snaplen</TD>
583190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
584190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>snaplen</TD>
585190214Srpaulo					</TR>
586190214Srpaulo					<TR>
587190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>timeout</TD>
588190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
589190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>timeout value (in milliseconds)</TD>
590190214Srpaulo					</TR>
591190214Srpaulo					<TR>
592190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>promiscuous</TD>
593190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
594190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>A flag indicating that the interface being monitored show operate
595190214Srpaulo							in promiscuous mode. [off(0) / on(NZ)]</TD>
596190214Srpaulo					</TR>
597190214Srpaulo					<TR>
598190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>direction</TD>
599190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
600190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>A flag indicating the direction of traffic that should be captuted [both(0) / in(1) / out(2)]</TD>
601190214Srpaulo					</TR>
602190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
603190214Srpaulo			</TD>
604190214Srpaulo		</TR>
605190214Srpaulo		<TR>
606190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
607190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>Sends captured packets.</TD>
608190214Srpaulo		</TR>
609190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
610190214Srpaulo		<TR>
611190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_setfilter()</TD>
612190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
613190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>At any time, the SMP can issue a set filter command which contains
614190214Srpaulo							an indicator, a count of the number of statements in the filter,
615190214Srpaulo							followed by the sequence of filter commands represented as a sequence
616190214Srpaulo							of C-style structures.
617190214Srpaulo				<P>
618190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
619190214Srpaulo					<TR>
620190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
621190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
622190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
623190214Srpaulo					</TR>
624190214Srpaulo					<TR>
625190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>command</TD>
626190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
627190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>'F' (indicating 'filter')</TD>
628190214Srpaulo					</TR>
629190214Srpaulo					<TR>
630190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>count</TD>
631190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
632190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of command in the Berkeley Packet Filter that follow.</TD>
633190214Srpaulo					</TR>
634190214Srpaulo					<TR>
635190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>BPF program</TD>
636190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>'n'</TD>
637190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>8 bytes of each command (repeated 'n' times).<BR>
638190214Srpaulo								 	Each command consists of that C-style structure which contains:
639190214Srpaulo							<P>
640190214Srpaulo							<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
641190214Srpaulo								<TR>
642190214Srpaulo								<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
643190214Srpaulo								<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
644190214Srpaulo								<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
645190214Srpaulo								</TR>
646190214Srpaulo								<TR>
647190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>opcode</TD>
648190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>2</TD>
649190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>The command's opcode.</TD>
650190214Srpaulo								</TR>
651190214Srpaulo								<TR>
652190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>'jt'</TD>
653190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
654190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>The 'jump if true' program counter offset.</TD>
655190214Srpaulo								</TR>
656190214Srpaulo								<TR>
657190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>'jf'</TD>
658190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
659190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>The 'jump if false' program counter offset.</TD>
660190214Srpaulo								</TR>
661190214Srpaulo								<TR>
662190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>'k'</TD>
663190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
664190214Srpaulo									<TD VALIGN=TOP>The 'other' data field.</TD>
665190214Srpaulo								</TR>
666190214Srpaulo							</TABLE>
667190214Srpaulo							<P>
668190214Srpaulo							Refer to the bpf(4) man page for more details.
669190214Srpaulo						</TD>
670190214Srpaulo					</TR>
671190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
672190214Srpaulo			</TD>
673190214Srpaulo		</TR>
674190214Srpaulo		<TR>
675190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
676190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>In return the IOP will send its (possibly empty) NULL terminated error response string.</TD>
677190214Srpaulo		</TR>
678190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
679190214Srpaulo		<TR>
680190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2>pcap_stats()</TD>
681190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
682190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>At any time, the SMP can issue a 'retrieve statistics' command which contains:<BR>
683190214Srpaulo				<P>
684190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
685190214Srpaulo					<TR>
686190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
687190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
688190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
689190214Srpaulo					</TR>
690190214Srpaulo					<TR>
691190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>command</TD>
692190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>
693190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>'S' (indicating 'request statistics')</TD>
694190214Srpaulo					</TR>
695190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
696190214Srpaulo			</TD>
697190214Srpaulo		</TR>
698190214Srpaulo		<TR>
699190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>IOP -> SMP</TD>
700190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>In return the IOP will send:
701190214Srpaulo				<P>
702190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
703190214Srpaulo					<TR>
704190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Name/<BR>Purpose</TH>
705190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>Size<BR>(in bytes)</TH>
706190214Srpaulo					<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Description</TH>
707190214Srpaulo					</TR>
708190214Srpaulo					<TR>
709190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>ps_recv</TD>
710190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
711190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of packets that passed the filter.</TD>
712190214Srpaulo					</TR>
713190214Srpaulo					<TR>
714190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>ps_drop</TD>
715190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
716190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of packets that were dropped because the input queue was full,
717190214Srpaulo							regardless of whether they passed the filter.</TD>
718190214Srpaulo					</TR>
719190214Srpaulo					<TR>
720190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>ps_ifdrop</TD>
721190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>
722190214Srpaulo						<TD VALIGN=TOP>The number of packets dropped by the network inteface
723190214Srpaulo							(regardless of whether they would have passed the input filter).</TD>
724190214Srpaulo					</TR>
725190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
726190214Srpaulo			</TD>
727190214Srpaulo		</TR>
728190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
729190214Srpaulo		<TR>
730190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=1>pcap_close()</TD>
731190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER NOWRAP>SMP -> IOP</TD>
732190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP>At any time, the SMP can close the TCP session with the IOP.</TD>
733190214Srpaulo		</TR>
734190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH COLSPAN=3><HR WIDTH=100%></TH></TR>
735190214Srpaulo	</TABLE>
736190214Srpaulo</UL>
737190214Srpaulo
738190214Srpaulo<H3>Interface ID Naming Convention</H3>
739190214Srpaulo<UL>
740190214Srpaulo	Each interface within an IOP will be referred to uniquely.  Since an currently contains
741190214Srpaulo	8 monitorable WAN ports and a monitorable Ethernet port, the naming convention is:
742190214Srpaulo	<P>
743190214Srpaulo	<CENTER>
744190214Srpaulo	<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
745190214Srpaulo		<TR><TH>Interface #</TH>		<TH>Type</TH>					<TH>Name</TH></TR>
746190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>1</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan0</TD></TR>
747190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>2</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan1</TD></TR>
748190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>3</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan2</TD></TR>
749190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>4</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan3</TD></TR>
750190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>5</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan4</TD></TR>
751190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>6</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan5</TD></TR>
752190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>7</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan6</TD></TR>
753190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>8</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>WAN</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>wan7</TD></TR>
754190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>9</TD>		<TD ALIGN=CENTER>Ethernet</TD>	<TD ALIGN=CENTER>eth0</TD></TR>
755190214Srpaulo		<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER>10</TD>	<TD ALIGN=CENTER>Ethernet</TD>	<TD ALIGN=CENTER>eth1</TD></TR>
756190214Srpaulo	</TABLE>
757190214Srpaulo	</CENTER>
758190214Srpaulo</UL>
759190214Srpaulo
760190214Srpaulo<H3>Packet Trace Data Format</H3>
761190214Srpaulo<UL>
762190214Srpaulo	The format of the trace data that is sent to the SMP follows a portion of the libpcap file format
763190214Srpaulo	and is summarized here.  This format specifies the generic requirements needed to
764190214Srpaulo	be able to decode packets, but does not cover ACN specifics such as custom MAC addressing
765190214Srpaulo	and WAN protocol support.
766190214Srpaulo	<P>
767190214Srpaulo
768190214Srpaulo	Although a libpcap file begins with a global header followed by zero or
769190214Srpaulo	more records for each captured packet, trace data sent to the SMP does NOT begin with a global header.
770190214Srpaulo	A trace sequence looks like this:
771190214Srpaulo	<P>
772190214Srpaulo	<TABLE>
773190214Srpaulo		<TR>
774190214Srpaulo  			<TD STYLE="background-color: #c0FFc0">&nbsp;[Packet Header]&nbsp;</TD>
775190214Srpaulo  			<TD STYLE="background-color: #c0FFc0">&nbsp;[Packet Data]&nbsp;</TD>
776190214Srpaulo  			<TD STYLE="background-color: #c0c0FF">&nbsp;[Packet Header]&nbsp;</TD>
777190214Srpaulo  			<TD STYLE="background-color: #c0c0FF">&nbsp;[Packet Data]&nbsp;</TD>
778190214Srpaulo  			<TD STYLE="background-color: #e0c0c0">&nbsp;[Packet Header]&nbsp;</TD>
779190214Srpaulo  			<TD STYLE="background-color: #e0c0c0">&nbsp;[Packet Data]&nbsp;</TD>
780190214Srpaulo  			<TD>...</TD>
781190214Srpaulo		</TR>
782190214Srpaulo	</TABLE>
783190214Srpaulo
784190214Srpaulo<H4>Packet Header</H4>
785190214Srpaulo	<UL>
786190214Srpaulo		Each captured packet starts with a header that contains the following values
787190214Srpaulo		(in network neutral order):
788190214Srpaulo
789190214Srpaulo		<FONT SIZE=-1>
790190214Srpaulo		<PRE>
791190214Srpaulo uint32 tv_sec;  /* timestamp seconds */
792190214Srpaulo uint32 tv_usec; /* timestamp microseconds */
793190214Srpaulo uint32 caplen;  /* number of octets in the following packet */
794190214Srpaulo uint32 len;     /* original length of packet on the wire */
795190214Srpaulo		</PRE>
796190214Srpaulo		</FONT>
797190214Srpaulo
798190214Srpaulo		<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
799190214Srpaulo			<TR>
800190214Srpaulo				<TD VALIGN=TOP>tv_sec</TD>
801190214Srpaulo				<TD>The date and time when this packet was captured.
802190214Srpaulo					This value is in seconds since January 1, 1970 00:00:00 GMT;
803190214Srpaulo					this is also known as a UN*X time_t. You can use the ANSI C
804190214Srpaulo					<em>time()</em> function from <em>time.h</em> to get this value,
805190214Srpaulo					but you might use a more optimized way to get this timestamp value.
806190214Srpaulo					If this timestamp isn't based on GMT (UTC), use <em>thiszone</em>
807190214Srpaulo					from the global header for adjustments.</TD>
808190214Srpaulo			</TR>
809190214Srpaulo			<TR>
810190214Srpaulo				<TD VALIGN=TOP>tv_usec</TD>
811190214Srpaulo				<TD>The microseconds when this packet was captured, as an offset to <em>ts_sec</em>.
812190214Srpaulo					<B>Beware: </B>this value must never reach 1 second (1,000,000),
813190214Srpaulo					in this case <em>ts_sec</em> must be increased instead!</TD>
814190214Srpaulo			</TR>
815190214Srpaulo			<TR>
816190214Srpaulo				<TD VALIGN=TOP>caplen</TD>
817190214Srpaulo				<TD>The number of bytes actually provided in the capture record.
818190214Srpaulo					This value should never become larger than <em>len</em> or the
819190214Srpaulo					<em>snaplen</em> value specified during the capture.</TD>
820190214Srpaulo			</TR>
821190214Srpaulo			<TR>
822190214Srpaulo				<TD VALIGN=TOP>len</TD>
823190214Srpaulo				<TD>The length of the packet "on the wire" when it was captured.
824190214Srpaulo					If <em>caplen</em> and <em>len</em> differ, the actually
825190214Srpaulo					saved packet size was limited by the value of <em>snaplen</em> specified
826190214Srpaulo					during one of the capture directives such as pcap_dispatch().</TD>
827190214Srpaulo			</TR>
828190214Srpaulo		</TABLE>
829190214Srpaulo	</UL>
830190214Srpaulo
831190214Srpaulo<H4>Packet Data</H4>
832190214Srpaulo	<UL>
833190214Srpaulo	The actual packet data will immediately follow the packet header as a sequence of <em>caplen</em> octets.
834190214Srpaulo	Depending on the DLT encoding number assigned to the interface, the packet data will contain an additional
835190214Srpaulo	custom header used to convey WAN port related information.
836190214Srpaulo	</UL>
837190214Srpaulo
838190214Srpaulo<H4>ACN Custom Packet Header</H4>
839190214Srpaulo	<UL>
840190214Srpaulo	PCAP, Wireshark and Tcpdump enhancements have been added to the ACN to support
841190214Srpaulo	monitoring of its ports, however each of these facilities were focused on capturing
842190214Srpaulo	and displaying traffic from LAN interfaces.  The SITA extentions to these facilities
843190214Srpaulo	are used to also provide the ability to capture, filter, and display information from
844190214Srpaulo	an ACN's WAN ports.
845190214Srpaulo	<P>
846190214Srpaulo	Although each packet follows the standard libpcap format, since there are
847190214Srpaulo	two types of interfaces that can be monitored, the format of the data
848190214Srpaulo	packet varies slightly.
849190214Srpaulo	<P>
850190214Srpaulo	<UL TYPE=DISC>
851190214Srpaulo		<LI>For Ethernet (like) devices, the packet format is unchanged from the standard Pcap format.
852190214Srpaulo		<LI>For WAN devices, the packet contains a 5 byte header that preceeds the actual captured data
853190214Srpaulo			described by the following table:
854190214Srpaulo	</UL>
855190214Srpaulo	<P>
856190214Srpaulo	<CENTER>
857190214Srpaulo	<TABLE BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3>
858190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TH>Octet</TH>
859190214Srpaulo			<TH>Name</TH>
860190214Srpaulo			<TH>Mask/Value</TH>
861190214Srpaulo			<TH COLSPAN=2>Definition</TH>		</TR>
862190214Srpaulo
863190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=3>0</TH>
864190214Srpaulo			<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=3>Control / Status</TH>
865190214Srpaulo
866190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx0</FONT></TD>
867190214Srpaulo			<TD>Transmitted by capture device</TD>
868190214Srpaulo			<TD ROWSPAN=2 ALIGN=CENTER>(see 'Errors' octets)</TD>							</TR>
869190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD>
870190214Srpaulo			<TD>Received by capture device</TD>												</TR>
871190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD>
872190214Srpaulo			<TD COLSPAN=2>No buffer was available during capture of previous packet.</TD>	</TR>
873190214Srpaulo
874190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=8>1</TH>
875190214Srpaulo			<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=8>Signals</TH>
876190214Srpaulo
877190214Srpaulo			<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>DSR asserted</TD>		</TR>
878190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxx1x</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>DTR asserted</TD>		</TR>
879190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxx1xx</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>CTS asserted</TD>		</TR>
880190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxx1xxx</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>RTS asserted</TD>		</TR>
881190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxx1xxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>DCD asserted</TD>		</TR>
882190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xx1xxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>Undefined</TD>		</TR>
883190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">x1xxxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>Undefined</TD>		</TR>
884190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD COLSPAN=2>Undefined</TD>		</TR>
885190214Srpaulo
886190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>2</TH>
887190214Srpaulo			<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>Errors<BR>(octet 1)</TH>
888190214Srpaulo
889190214Srpaulo			<TH>&nbsp;</TH>															<TH>Tx</TH>						<TH>Rx</TH>				</TR>
890190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD>	<TD>Underrun</TD>				<TD>Framing</TD>		</TR>
891190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxx1x</FONT></TD>	<TD>CTS Lost</TD>				<TD>Parity</TD>			</TR>
892190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxx1xx</FONT></TD>	<TD>UART Error</TD>				<TD>Collision</TD>		</TR>
893190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxx1xxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Re-Tx Limit Reached</TD>	<TD>Long Frame</TD>		</TR>
894190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxx1xxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>				<TD>Short Frame</TD>	</TR>
895190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xx1xxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>				<TD>Undefined</TD>		</TR>
896190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">x1xxxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>				<TD>Undefined</TD>		</TR>
897190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>				<TD>Undefined</TD>		</TR>
898190214Srpaulo
899190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>3</TH>
900190214Srpaulo			<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=9>Errors<BR>(octet 2)</TH>
901190214Srpaulo
902190214Srpaulo			<TH>&nbsp;</TH>															<TH>Tx</TH>			<TH>Rx</TH>						</TR>
903190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxxx1</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>Non-Octet Aligned</TD>		</TR>
904190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxxx1x</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>Abort Received</TD>			</TR>
905190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxxx1xx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>CD Lost</TD>				</TR>
906190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxxx1xxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>Digital PLL Error</TD>		</TR>
907190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xxx1xxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>Overrun</TD>				</TR>
908190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">xx1xxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>Frame Length Violation</TD>	</TR>
909190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">x1xxxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>CRC Error</TD>				</TR>
910190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TD VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER><FONT FACE="COURIER">1xxxxxxx</FONT></TD>	<TD>Undefined</TD>	<TD>Break Received</TD>			</TR>
911190214Srpaulo
912190214Srpaulo	<TR>	<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=12>4</TH>
913190214Srpaulo			<TH VALIGN=TOP ALIGN=CENTER>Protocol</TH>
914190214Srpaulo
915190214Srpaulo			<TD COLSPAN=3>
916190214Srpaulo				<CENTER>
917190214Srpaulo				<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=0>
918190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x01</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>LAPB (BOP)				<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
919190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x02</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>Ethernet				<SUP>1</SUP>		</TD>	</TR>
920190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x03</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>Async (Interrupt IO)	<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
921190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x04</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>Async (Block IO)		<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
922190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x05</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>IPARS					<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
923190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x06</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>UTS						<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
924190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x07</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>PPP (HDLC)				<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
925190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x08</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>SDLC					<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
926190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x09</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>Token Ring				<SUP>1</SUP>		</TD>	</TR>
927190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x10</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>I2C						<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
928190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x11</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>DPM Link				<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
929190214Srpaulo					<TR VALIGN=BOTTOM><TD ALIGN=CENTER>0x12</TD>	<TD>-</TD>	<TD>Frame Relay (BOP)		<SUP>&nbsp;</SUP>	</TD>	</TR>
930190214Srpaulo				</TABLE>
931190214Srpaulo				</CENTER>
932190214Srpaulo				<P>
933190214Srpaulo				<STRONG>Note 1:</STRONG>
934190214Srpaulo				Ethernet and Token Ring frames will never be sent as DLT_SITA (with the 5 octet header),
935190214Srpaulo				but will be sent as their corresponding DLT types instead.
936190214Srpaulo			</TD>
937190214Srpaulo	</TR>
938190214Srpaulo	</TABLE>
939190214Srpaulo	</CENTER>
940190214Srpaulo</UL>
941190214Srpaulo<P>
942190214Srpaulo</UL>
943190214Srpaulo</UL>
944