man.named.html revision 171577
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For more 57 information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035. 58 </p> 59<p> 60 When invoked without arguments, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> 61 will 62 read the default configuration file 63 <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>, read any initial 64 data, and listen for queries. 65 </p> 66</div> 67<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 68<a name="id2601585"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2> 69<div class="variablelist"><dl> 70<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt> 71<dd><p> 72 Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6. 73 <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually 74 exclusive. 75 </p></dd> 76<dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt> 77<dd><p> 78 Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4. 79 <code class="option">-4</code> and <code class="option">-6</code> are mutually 80 exclusive. 81 </p></dd> 82<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em></span></dt> 83<dd><p> 84 Use <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> as the 85 configuration file instead of the default, 86 <code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code>. To 87 ensure that reloading the configuration file continues 88 to work after the server has changed its working 89 directory due to to a possible 90 <code class="option">directory</code> option in the configuration 91 file, <em class="replaceable"><code>config-file</code></em> should be 92 an absolute pathname. 93 </p></dd> 94<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em></span></dt> 95<dd><p> 96 Set the daemon's debug level to <em class="replaceable"><code>debug-level</code></em>. 97 Debugging traces from <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> become 98 more verbose as the debug level increases. 99 </p></dd> 100<dt><span class="term">-f</span></dt> 101<dd><p> 102 Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize). 103 </p></dd> 104<dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt> 105<dd><p> 106 Run the server in the foreground and force all logging 107 to <code class="filename">stderr</code>. 108 </p></dd> 109<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em></span></dt> 110<dd><p> 111 Create <em class="replaceable"><code>#cpus</code></em> worker threads 112 to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified, 113 <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> will try to determine the 114 number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU. 115 If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a 116 single worker thread will be created. 117 </p></dd> 118<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt> 119<dd><p> 120 Listen for queries on port <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em>. If not 121 specified, the default is port 53. 122 </p></dd> 123<dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt> 124<dd> 125<p> 126 Write memory usage statistics to <code class="filename">stdout</code> on exit. 127 </p> 128<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> 129<h3 class="title">Note</h3> 130<p> 131 This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers 132 and may be removed or changed in a future release. 133 </p> 134</div> 135</dd> 136<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt> 137<dd> 138<p><code class="function">chroot()</code> 139 to <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em> after 140 processing the command line arguments, but before 141 reading the configuration file. 142 </p> 143<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> 144<h3 class="title">Warning</h3> 145<p> 146 This option should be used in conjunction with the 147 <code class="option">-u</code> option, as chrooting a process 148 running as root doesn't enhance security on most 149 systems; the way <code class="function">chroot()</code> is 150 defined allows a process with root privileges to 151 escape a chroot jail. 152 </p> 153</div> 154</dd> 155<dt><span class="term">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em></span></dt> 156<dd> 157<p><code class="function">setuid()</code> 158 to <em class="replaceable"><code>user</code></em> after completing 159 privileged operations, such as creating sockets that 160 listen on privileged ports. 161 </p> 162<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> 163<h3 class="title">Note</h3> 164<p> 165 On Linux, <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> uses the kernel's 166 capability mechanism to drop all root privileges 167 except the ability to <code class="function">bind()</code> to 168 a 169 privileged port and set process resource limits. 170 Unfortunately, this means that the <code class="option">-u</code> 171 option only works when <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> is 172 run 173 on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or 174 later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges 175 to be retained after <code class="function">setuid()</code>. 176 </p> 177</div> 178</dd> 179<dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt> 180<dd><p> 181 Report the version number and exit. 182 </p></dd> 183<dt><span class="term">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em></span></dt> 184<dd> 185<p> 186 Load data from <em class="replaceable"><code>cache-file</code></em> into the 187 cache of the default view. 188 </p> 189<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> 190<h3 class="title">Warning</h3> 191<p> 192 This option must not be used. It is only of interest 193 to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a 194 future release. 195 </p> 196</div> 197</dd> 198</dl></div> 199</div> 200<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 201<a name="id2602364"></a><h2>SIGNALS</h2> 202<p> 203 In routine operation, signals should not be used to control 204 the nameserver; <span><strong class="command">rndc</strong></span> should be used 205 instead. 206 </p> 207<div class="variablelist"><dl> 208<dt><span class="term">SIGHUP</span></dt> 209<dd><p> 210 Force a reload of the server. 211 </p></dd> 212<dt><span class="term">SIGINT, SIGTERM</span></dt> 213<dd><p> 214 Shut down the server. 215 </p></dd> 216</dl></div> 217<p> 218 The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined. 219 </p> 220</div> 221<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 222<a name="id2602414"></a><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2> 223<p> 224 The <span><strong class="command">named</strong></span> configuration file is too complex 225 to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided 226 in the 227 <em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>. 228 </p> 229</div> 230<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 231<a name="id2602434"></a><h2>FILES</h2> 232<div class="variablelist"><dl> 233<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/etc/named.conf</code></span></dt> 234<dd><p> 235 The default configuration file. 236 </p></dd> 237<dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/var/run/named.pid</code></span></dt> 238<dd><p> 239 The default process-id file. 240 </p></dd> 241</dl></div> 242</div> 243<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 244<a name="id2603911"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2> 245<p><em class="citetitle">RFC 1033</em>, 246 <em class="citetitle">RFC 1034</em>, 247 <em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>, 248 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">rndc</span>(8)</span>, 249 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lwresd</span>(8)</span>, 250 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named.conf</span>(5)</span>, 251 <em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>. 252 </p> 253</div> 254<div class="refsect1" lang="en"> 255<a name="id2603962"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2> 256<p><span class="corpauthor">Internet Systems Consortium</span> 257 </p> 258</div> 259</div> 260<div class="navfooter"> 261<hr> 262<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> 263<tr> 264<td width="40%" align="left"> 265<a accesskey="p" href="man.named-checkzone.html">Prev</a>�</td> 266<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">Up</a></td> 267<td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.rndc.html">Next</a> 268</td> 269</tr> 270<tr> 271<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> 272<span class="application">named-checkzone</span>�</td> 273<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td> 274<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�<span class="application">rndc</span> 275</td> 276</tr> 277</table> 278</div> 279</body> 280</html> 281