UPDATING revision 287147
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 1420150825: p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64 15 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh 16 FreeBSD-EN-15:15.pkg 17 18 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21] 19 20 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22] 21 22 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods. 23 [EN-15:15] 24 2520150818: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat 26 27 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser. 28 [SA-15:20] 29 3020150805: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed 31 32 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. 33 3420150728: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp 35 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh 36 FreeBSD-SA-15:17.bind 37 38 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15] 39 40 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16] 41 42 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:17] 43 4420150721: p20 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp 45 46 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state. 47 [SA-15:13] 48 4920150707: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:11.bind 50 Fix BIND resolver remote denial of service when validating. 51 5220150630: p18 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised] 53 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale 54 55 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08] 56 57 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states. 58 [EN-15:09] 59 6020150618: p17 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail 61 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08] 62 6320150612: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 64 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10] 65 6620150609: p15 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file 67 68 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial 69 of service issues. 70 7120150513: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update 72 73 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous 74 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04] 75 7620150407: p13 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised] 77 FreeBSD-SA-15:07.ntp 78 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6 79 80 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp. 81 82 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07] 83 84 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09] 85 8620150320: p12 87 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl. 88 8920150319: p11 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl 90 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06] 91 9220150225: p10 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp 93 FreeBSD-SA-15:05.bind 94 FreeBSD-EN-15:01.vt 95 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl 96 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update 97 98 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04] 99 100 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:05] 101 102 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01] 103 104 Updated base system OpenSSL to 0.9.8zd. [EN-15:02] 105 106 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03] 107 10820150127: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem 109 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp 110 111 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure 112 vulnerability. [SA-15:02] 113 114 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03] 115 11620150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl 117 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01] 118 11920141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp 120 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update 121 122 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31] 123 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13] 124 12520141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file 126 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind 127 128 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3). 129 [SA-14:28] 130 131 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29] 132 13320141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin 134 FreeBSD-SA-14:26.ftp 135 FreeBSD-EN-14:12.zfs 136 137 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2). 138 [SA-14:25] 139 140 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26] 141 142 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12] 143 14420141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata 145 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt 146 147 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10] 148 149 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11] 150 15120141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold 152 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed 153 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei 154 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl 155 156 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20] 157 158 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21] 159 160 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22] 161 162 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23] 163 16420140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp 165 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19] 166 16720140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl 168 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18] 169 17020140716: 171 9.3-RELEASE. 172 17320140608: 174 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default 175 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled 176 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel 177 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to 178 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys. 179 18020140512: 181 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 182 18320140321: 184 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 185 18620140216: 187 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has 188 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later 189 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to 190 the nfe(4) driver instead. 191 19220131216: 193 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 194 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 195 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 196 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 197 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 198 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 199 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 200 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 201 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505. 202 20320130930: 204 9.2-RELEASE. 205 20620130823: 207 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 208 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 209 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 210 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 211 subdirectories must be reviewed. 212 21320130705: 214 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format. 215 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten. 216 21720130618: 218 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 219 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 220 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 221 write access to that file. 222 22320130605: 224 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable 225 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf. 226 227 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools 228 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant 229 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0 230 to disable this behaviour. 231 232 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which 233 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP 234 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's. 235 236 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's 237 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim. 238 23920130524: 240 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full 241 equivalent of `status' command. 242 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command 243 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status' 244 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'. 245 24620130430: 247 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 248 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 249 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 250 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 251 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 252 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 253 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 254 && make install). 255 256 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 257 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 258 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 259 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 260 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 261 /etc/src.conf. 262 26320130429: 264 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 265 26620130315: 267 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 268 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 269 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 270 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 271 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 272 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's 273 used expected to be extremely rare. 274 27520130225: 276 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to 277 zpool-features(7) for more information. 278 279 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 280 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 281 28220121224: 283 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs 284 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be 285 recompiled. 286 28720121218: 288 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 289 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 290 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 291 29220121205: 293 9.1-RELEASE. 294 29520121129: 296 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE. 297 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 298 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 299 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 300 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS 301 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj". 302 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page. 303 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 304 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 305 30620121114: 307 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional 308 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk 309 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work 310 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the 311 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829. 312 31320121102: 314 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 315 functionality now turned on by default. 316 31720120913: 318 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 319 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 320 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 321 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 322 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 323 configurations. 324 32520120829: 326 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with 327 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld 328 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel 329 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work. 330 33120120727: 332 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 333 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 334 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 335 33620120422: 337 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 338 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 339 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 340 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 341 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 342 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 343 34420120109: 345 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 346 /dev/wmistat0. 347 34820120106: 349 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All 350 filesystem modules must be recompiled. 351 35220120106: 353 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned 354 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be 355 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted. 356 35720120106: 358 9.0-RELEASE. 359 36020111101: 361 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 362 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 363 36420110913: 365 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 366 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 367 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 368 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 369 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 370 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 371 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 372 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 373 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 374 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 375 37620110828: 377 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 378 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 379 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 380 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 381 38220110815: 383 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 384 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 385 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 386 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 387 388 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 389 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 390 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 391 39220110628: 393 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 394 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 395 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 396 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 397 39820110608: 399 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 400 machdep.hlt_cpus 401 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 402 The following sysctl is retired: 403 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 404 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 405 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 406 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 407 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 408 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 409 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 410 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 411 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 412 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 413 a default scheduler. 414 41520110607: 416 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 417 a mask of CPUs. 418 41920110531: 420 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 421 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 422 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 423 world. 424 42520110513: 426 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 427 42820110503: 429 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 430 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 431 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 432 drivers need to be recompiled. 433 434 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 435 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 436 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 437 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 438 branches. 439 44020110430: 441 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 442 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 443 44420110427: 445 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 446 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 447 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 448 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 449 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 450 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 451 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 452 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 453 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 454 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 455 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 456 457 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 458 459 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 460 a diskless root fs use the old client. 461 46220110424: 463 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 464 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 465 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 466 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 467 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 468 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 469 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 470 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 471 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 472 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 473 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 474 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 475 476 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 477 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 478 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 479 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 480 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 481 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 482 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 483 them are parts of the cam module. 484 485 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 486 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 487 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 488 489 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 490 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 491 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 492 options ATA_CAM 493 device ahci 494 device mvs 495 device siis 496 , and instead add back: 497 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 498 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 499 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 500 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 501 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 502 50320110423: 504 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 505 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 506 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 507 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 508 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 509 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 510 51120110418: 512 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 513 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 514 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 515 51620110331: 517 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 518 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 519 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 520 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 521 in order to use ath on everything else. 522 523 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 524 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 525 52620110314: 527 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 528 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 529 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 530 53120110218: 532 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 533 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 534 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 535 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 536 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 537 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 538 53920110218: 540 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 541 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 542 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 543 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 544 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 545 authentication). 546 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 547 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 548 54920110207: 550 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 551 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 552 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 553 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 554 The function remains undocumented. 555 55620110112: 557 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 558 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 559 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 560 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 561 systems where the define is not present can check against 562 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 563 564 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 565 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 566 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 567 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 568 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 569 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 570 57120110103: 572 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 573 the following warning: 574 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 575 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 576 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 577 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 578 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 579 install it on your system. 580 581 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 582 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 583 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 584 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 585 58620101228: 587 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 588 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 589 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 590 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 591 be recompiled. 592 59320101114: 594 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 595 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 596 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 597 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 598 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 599 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 600 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 601 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 602 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 603 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 604 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 605 it, for example via: 606 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 607 608 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 609 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 610 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 611 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 612 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 613 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 614 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 615 616 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 617 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 618 61920101111: 620 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 621 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 622 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 623 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 624 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 625 62620101002: 627 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 628 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 629 migrate local entries to the new format. 630 63120100928: 632 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 633 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 634 upstream sshd. 635 63620100915: 637 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 638 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 639 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 640 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 641 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 642 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 643 64420100913: 645 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 646 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 647 648 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 649 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 650 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 651 default is "AUTO". 652 653 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 654 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 655 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 656 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 657 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 658 659 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 660 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 661 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 662 66320100913: 664 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 665 now i386 and amd64 only. 666 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 667 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 668 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 669 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 670 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 671 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 672 67320100725: 674 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 675 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 676 67720100722: 678 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 679 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 680 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 681 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 682 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 683 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 684 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 685 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 686 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 687 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 688 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 689 69020100713: 691 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 692 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 693 machine powerpc powerpc 694 695 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 696 after this change. 697 69820100713: 699 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 700 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 701 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 702 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 703 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 704 70520100429: 706 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 707 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 708 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 709 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 710 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 711 71220100402: 713 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 714 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 715 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 716 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 717 WITH_CTF=yes"). 718 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 719 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 720 to unwanted behavior. 721 72220100311: 723 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 724 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 725 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 726 be modified accordingly. 727 72820100113: 729 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 730 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 731 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 732 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 733 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 734 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 735 736 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 737 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 738 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 739 use of utmpx. 740 741 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 742 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 743 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 744 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 745 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 746 74720100108: 748 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 749 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 750 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 751 75220091202: 753 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 754 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 755 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 756 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 757 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 758 759 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 760 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 761 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 762 763 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 764 76520091125: 766 8.0-RELEASE. 767 76820091113: 769 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 770 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 771 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 772 operation of applications on the console. 773 774 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 775 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 776 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 777 cons25. 778 779 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 780 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 781 performed by syscons(4). 782 78320091109: 784 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 785 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 786 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 787 788 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 789 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 790 new structure. 791 79220091025: 793 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 794 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 795 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 796 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 797 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 798 iwn5150fw. 799 80020090926: 801 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 802 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 803 804 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 805 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 806 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 807 808 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 809 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 810 811 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 812 they are obsolete. 813 814 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 815 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 816 817 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 818 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 819 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 820 821 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 822 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 823 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 824 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 825 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 826 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 827 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 828 using ifconfig(8) like: 829 830 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 831 832 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 833 IPv6-preferred. 834 835 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 836 837 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 838 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 839 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 840 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 841 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 842 84320090922: 844 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 845 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 846 84720090912: 848 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 849 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 850 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 851 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 852 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 853 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 854 85520090910: 856 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 857 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 858 85920090825: 860 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 861 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 862 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 863 is 1000. 864 86520090813: 866 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 867 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 868 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 869 87020090803: 871 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 872 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 873 87420090719: 875 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 876 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 877 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 878 87920090714: 880 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 881 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 882 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 883 88420090713: 885 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 886 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 887 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 888 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 889 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 890 89120090712: 892 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 893 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 894 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 895 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 896 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 897 89820090630: 899 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 900 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 901 may need to be adjusted. 902 90320090629: 904 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 905 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 906 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 907 with routing sockets. 908 90920090628: 910 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 911 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 912 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 913 91420090624: 915 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 916 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 917 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 918 800100. 919 92020090622: 921 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 922 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 923 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 924 92520090619: 926 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 927 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 928 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 929 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 930 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 931 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 932 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 933 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 934 935 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 936 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 937 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 938 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 939 authentication method is used. 940 94120090616: 942 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 943 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 944 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 945 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 946 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 947 94820090613: 949 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 950 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 951 95220090611: 953 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 954 be rebuilt. 955 95620090608: 957 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 958 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 959 96020090602: 961 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 962 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 963 96420090601: 965 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 966 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 967 re-compiled. 968 96920090601: 970 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 971 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 972 rebuilt. 973 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 974 97520090530: 976 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 977 more valid. 978 97920090530: 980 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 981 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 982 98320090529: 984 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 985 rebuilt. 986 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 987 98820090528: 989 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 990 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 991 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 992 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 993 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 994 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 995 99620090527: 997 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 998 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 999 100020090523: 1001 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1002 need to be rebuilt. 1003 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1004 100520090523: 1006 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1007 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1008 100920090520: 1010 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1011 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1012 101320090520: 1014 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1015 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1016 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1017 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1018 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1019 102020090430: 1021 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1022 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1023 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1024 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1025 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1026 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1027 102820090429: 1029 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1030 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1031 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1032 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1033 1034 For kernel developers: 1035 1036 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1037 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1038 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1039 1040 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1041 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1042 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1043 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1044 1045 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1046 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1047 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1048 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1049 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1050 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1051 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1052 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1053 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1054 multicast membership on-link. 1055 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1056 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1057 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1058 1059 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1060 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1061 stack. 1062 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1063 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1064 semantics. 1065 1066 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1067 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1068 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1069 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1070 1071 For application developers: 1072 1073 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1074 stack. 1075 1076 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1077 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1078 1079 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1080 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1081 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1082 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1083 1084 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1085 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1086 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1087 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1088 Multicast Source Filters'. 1089 1090 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1091 1092 For systems administrators: 1093 1094 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1095 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1096 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1097 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1098 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1099 1100 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1101 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1102 1103 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1104 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1105 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1106 recommended for optimal system performance. 1107 1108 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1109 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1110 back forwarded datagrams. 1111 1112 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1113 111420090422: 1115 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1116 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1117 111820090419: 1119 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1120 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1121 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1122 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1123 112420090415: 1125 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1126 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1127 state will require a world rebuild. 1128 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1129 113020090415: 1131 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1132 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1133 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1134 113520090414: 1136 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1137 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1138 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1139 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1140 load balancing. 1141 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1142 114320090408: 1144 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1145 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1146 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1147 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1148 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1149 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1150 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1151 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1152 115320090407: 1154 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1155 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1156 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1157 115820090320: 1159 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1160 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1161 introduces some changes: 1162 1163 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1164 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1165 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1166 1167 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1168 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1169 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1170 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1171 1172 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1173 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1174 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1175 the "386BSD" type). 1176 1177 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1178 117920090319: 1180 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1181 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1182 (supported by sane). 1183 118420090319: 1185 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1186 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1187 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1188 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1189 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1190 119120090315: 1192 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1193 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1194 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1195 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1196 used. 1197 119820090313: 1199 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1200 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1201 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1202 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1203 120420090313: 1205 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1206 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1207 120820090309: 1209 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1210 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1211 1212 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1213 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1214 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1215 1216 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1217 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1218 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1219 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1220 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1221 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1222 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1223 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1224 1225 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1226 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1227 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1228 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1229 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1230 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1231 1232 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1233 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1234 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1235 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1236 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1237 1238 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1239 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1240 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1241 via IGMP. 1242 1243 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1244 recompiled to reflect this. 1245 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1246 124720090309: 1248 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1249 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1250 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1251 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1252 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1253 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1254 125520090302: 1256 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1257 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1258 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1259 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1260 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1261 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1262 126320090301: 1264 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1265 network device driver modules. 1266 126720090227: 1268 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1269 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1270 127120090223: 1272 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1273 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1274 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1275 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1276 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1277 apply. 1278 127920090217: 1280 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1281 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1282 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1283 use the new name. 1284 128520090216: 1286 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1287 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1288 add 1289 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1290 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1291 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1292 129320090215: 1294 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1295 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1296 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1297 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1298 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1299 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1300 1301 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1302 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1303 be used for this: 1304 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1305 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1306 130720090209: 1308 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1309 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1310 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1311 131220090203: 1313 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1314 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1315 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1316 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1317 same interface. 1318 131920090201: 1320 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1321 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1322 132320090119: 1324 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1325 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1326 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1327 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1328 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1329 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1330 133120090115: 1332 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1333 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1334 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1335 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1336 133720081225: 1338 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1339 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1340 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1341 in next mpd5.3 release. 1342 134320081219: 1344 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1345 the base system (it was a port). 1346 134720081216: 1348 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1349 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1350 135120081214: 1352 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1353 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1354 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1355 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1356 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1357 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1358 none of the L2 information. 1359 136020081130: 1361 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1362 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1363 1364 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1365 1366 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1367 1368 device ath_hal 1369 1370 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1371 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1372 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1373 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1374 137520081121: 1376 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1377 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1378 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1379 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1380 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1381 packets. 1382 138320081117: 1384 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1385 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1386 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1387 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1388 138920081028: 1390 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1391 139220081009: 1393 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1394 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1395 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1396 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1397 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1398 1399 uhci_load="YES" 1400 ehci_load="YES" 1401 140220081009: 1403 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1404 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1405 sync. 1406 140720081009: 1408 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1409 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1410 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1411 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1412 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1413 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1414 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1415 141620080820: 1417 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1418 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1419 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1420 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1421 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1422 1423 PCI/ISA: 1424 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1425 1426 USB: 1427 ubser, ucycom 1428 1429 Line disciplines: 1430 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1431 1432 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1433 cause compilation to fail. 1434 143520080818: 1436 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1437 143820080801: 1439 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1440 1441 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1442 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1443 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1444 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1445 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1446 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1447 accepting the RSA key. 1448 1449 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1450 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1451 command line. 1452 1453 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1454 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1455 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1456 behavior. 1457 145820080713: 1459 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1460 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1461 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1462 1463 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1464 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1465 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1466 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1467 use the new device names. 1468 1469 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1470 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1471 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1472 at the loader prompt: 1473 1474 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1475 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1476 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1477 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1478 boot -s 1479 148020080609: 1481 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1482 disks instead. 1483 148420080603: 1485 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1486 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1487 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1488 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1489 149020080525: 1491 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1492 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1493 149420080509: 1495 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1496 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1497 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1498 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1499 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1500 150120080420: 1502 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1503 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1504 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1505 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1506 For example, change: 1507 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1508 to 1509 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1510 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1511 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1512 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1513 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1514 1515 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1516 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1517 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1518 151920080408: 1520 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1521 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1522 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1523 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1524 other operation levels. 1525 152620080312: 1527 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1528 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1529 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1530 compatibility with any prior release: 1531 1532 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1533 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1534 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1535 153620080301: 1537 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1538 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1539 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1540 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1541 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1542 nonetheless. 1543 154420080229: 1545 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1546 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1547 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1548 with older hardware easier to do. 1549 155020080220: 1551 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1552 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1553 155420080211: 1555 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1556 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1557 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1558 firewall rules. 1559 156020080208: 1561 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1562 mbuf chains. 1563 156420080126: 1565 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1566 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1567 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1568 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1569 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1570 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1571 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1572 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1573 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1574 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1575 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1576 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1577 157820080123: 1579 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1580 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1581 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1582 158320071128: 1584 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1585 functionality is the default now. 1586 158720071118: 1588 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1589 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1590 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1591 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1592 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1593 1594 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1595 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1596 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1597 159820071024: 1599 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1600 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1601 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1602 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1603 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1604 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1605 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1606 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1607 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1608 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1609 however. 1610 161120071020: 1612 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1613 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1614 used kproc_start().. 1615 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1616 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1617 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1618 161920071010: 1620 RELENG_7 branched. 1621 1622COMMON ITEMS: 1623 1624 General Notes 1625 ------------- 1626 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1627 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1628 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1629 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1630 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1631 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1632 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1633 1634 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1635 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1636 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1637 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1638 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1639 1640 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1641 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1642 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1643 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1644 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1645 1646 ZFS notes 1647 --------- 1648 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1649 these two steps: 1650 1651 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1652 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1653 1654 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1655 1656 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1657 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1658 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1659 1660 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1661 1662 To build a kernel 1663 ----------------- 1664 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1665 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1666 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1667 1668 make kernel-toolchain 1669 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1670 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1671 1672 To test a kernel once 1673 --------------------- 1674 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1675 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1676 debugging information) run 1677 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1678 nextboot -k testkernel 1679 1680 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1681 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1682 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1683 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1684 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1685 1686 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1687 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1688 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1689 make depend 1690 make 1691 make install 1692 1693 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1694 1695 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1696 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1697 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1698 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1699 1700 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1701 make buildworld 1702 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1703 [1] 1704 <reboot in single user> [3] 1705 mergemaster -p [5] 1706 make installworld 1707 mergemaster -i [4] 1708 make delete-old [6] 1709 <reboot> 1710 1711 1712 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1713 -------------------------------------------------- 1714 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1715 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1716 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1717 # size. 1718 1719 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1720 <boot into -stable> 1721 make buildworld 1722 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1723 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1724 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1725 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1726 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1727 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1728 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1729 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1730 <reboot into current> 1731 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1732 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1733 <reboot> 1734 1735 1736 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1737 ---------------------------------------------- 1738 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1739 make buildworld [9] 1740 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1741 [1] 1742 <reboot in single user> [3] 1743 mergemaster -p [5] 1744 make installworld 1745 mergemaster -i [4] 1746 make delete-old [6] 1747 <reboot> 1748 1749 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1750 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1751 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1752 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1753 the UPDATING entries. 1754 1755 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1756 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1757 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1758 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1759 much fewer pitfalls. 1760 1761 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1762 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1763 system on reboot. 1764 1765 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1766 fsck -p 1767 mount -u / 1768 mount -a 1769 cd src 1770 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1771 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1772 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1773 1774 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1775 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1776 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1777 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1778 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1779 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1780 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1781 1782 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1783 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1784 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1785 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1786 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1787 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430. 1788 1789 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1790 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1791 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1792 1793 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1794 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1795 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1796 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1797 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1798 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1799 1800 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1801 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1802 1803 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1804 cvs prune empty directories. 1805 1806 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1807 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1808 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1809 1810 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1811 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1812 warn if it is improperly defined. 1813FORMAT: 1814 1815This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1816breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1817list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1818If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1819to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1820 1821Copyright information: 1822 1823Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1824 1825Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1826modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1827document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1828 1829THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1830IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1831WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1832DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1833INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1834(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1835SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1836HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1837STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1838IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1839POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1840 1841Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1842this document. 1843 1844$FreeBSD: releng/9.3/UPDATING 287147 2015-08-25 20:49:05Z delphij $ 1845