UPDATING revision 277195
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 1420150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl 15 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01] 16 1720141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp 18 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update 19 20 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31] 21 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13] 22 2320141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file 24 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind 25 26 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3). 27 [SA-14:28] 28 29 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29] 30 3120141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin 32 FreeBSD-SA-14:26.ftp 33 FreeBSD-EN-14:12.zfs 34 35 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2). 36 [SA-14:25] 37 38 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26] 39 40 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12] 41 4220141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata 43 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt 44 45 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10] 46 47 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11] 48 4920141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold 50 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed 51 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei 52 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl 53 54 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20] 55 56 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21] 57 58 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22] 59 60 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23] 61 6220140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp 63 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19] 64 6520140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl 66 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18] 67 6820140716: 69 9.3-RELEASE. 70 7120140608: 72 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default 73 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled 74 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel 75 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to 76 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys. 77 7820140512: 79 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 80 8120140321: 82 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 83 8420140216: 85 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has 86 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later 87 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to 88 the nfe(4) driver instead. 89 9020131216: 91 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 92 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 93 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 94 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 95 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 96 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 97 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 98 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 99 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505. 100 10120130930: 102 9.2-RELEASE. 103 10420130823: 105 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 106 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 107 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 108 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 109 subdirectories must be reviewed. 110 11120130705: 112 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format. 113 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten. 114 11520130618: 116 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 117 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 118 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 119 write access to that file. 120 12120130605: 122 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable 123 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf. 124 125 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools 126 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant 127 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0 128 to disable this behaviour. 129 130 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which 131 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP 132 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's. 133 134 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's 135 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim. 136 13720130524: 138 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full 139 equivalent of `status' command. 140 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command 141 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status' 142 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'. 143 14420130430: 145 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 146 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 147 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 148 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 149 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 150 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 151 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 152 && make install). 153 154 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 155 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 156 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 157 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 158 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 159 /etc/src.conf. 160 16120130429: 162 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 163 16420130315: 165 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 166 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 167 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 168 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 169 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 170 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's 171 used expected to be extremely rare. 172 17320130225: 174 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to 175 zpool-features(7) for more information. 176 177 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 178 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 179 18020121224: 181 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs 182 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be 183 recompiled. 184 18520121218: 186 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 187 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 188 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 189 19020121205: 191 9.1-RELEASE. 192 19320121129: 194 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE. 195 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 196 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 197 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 198 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS 199 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj". 200 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page. 201 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 202 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 203 20420121114: 205 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional 206 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk 207 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work 208 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the 209 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829. 210 21120121102: 212 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 213 functionality now turned on by default. 214 21520120913: 216 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 217 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 218 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 219 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 220 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 221 configurations. 222 22320120829: 224 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with 225 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld 226 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel 227 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work. 228 22920120727: 230 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 231 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 232 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 233 23420120422: 235 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 236 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 237 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 238 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 239 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 240 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 241 24220120109: 243 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 244 /dev/wmistat0. 245 24620120106: 247 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All 248 filesystem modules must be recompiled. 249 25020120106: 251 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned 252 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be 253 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted. 254 25520120106: 256 9.0-RELEASE. 257 25820111101: 259 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 260 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 261 26220110913: 263 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 264 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 265 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 266 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 267 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 268 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 269 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 270 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 271 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 272 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 273 27420110828: 275 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 276 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 277 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 278 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 279 28020110815: 281 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 282 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 283 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 284 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 285 286 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 287 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 288 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 289 29020110628: 291 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 292 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 293 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 294 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 295 29620110608: 297 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 298 machdep.hlt_cpus 299 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 300 The following sysctl is retired: 301 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 302 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 303 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 304 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 305 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 306 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 307 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 308 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 309 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 310 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 311 a default scheduler. 312 31320110607: 314 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 315 a mask of CPUs. 316 31720110531: 318 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 319 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 320 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 321 world. 322 32320110513: 324 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 325 32620110503: 327 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 328 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 329 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 330 drivers need to be recompiled. 331 332 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 333 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 334 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 335 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 336 branches. 337 33820110430: 339 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 340 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 341 34220110427: 343 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 344 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 345 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 346 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 347 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 348 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 349 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 350 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 351 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 352 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 353 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 354 355 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 356 357 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 358 a diskless root fs use the old client. 359 36020110424: 361 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 362 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 363 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 364 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 365 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 366 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 367 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 368 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 369 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 370 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 371 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 372 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 373 374 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 375 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 376 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 377 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 378 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 379 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 380 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 381 them are parts of the cam module. 382 383 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 384 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 385 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 386 387 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 388 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 389 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 390 options ATA_CAM 391 device ahci 392 device mvs 393 device siis 394 , and instead add back: 395 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 396 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 397 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 398 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 399 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 400 40120110423: 402 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 403 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 404 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 405 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 406 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 407 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 408 40920110418: 410 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 411 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 412 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 413 41420110331: 415 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 416 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 417 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 418 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 419 in order to use ath on everything else. 420 421 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 422 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 423 42420110314: 425 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 426 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 427 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 428 42920110218: 430 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 431 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 432 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 433 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 434 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 435 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 436 43720110218: 438 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 439 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 440 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 441 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 442 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 443 authentication). 444 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 445 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 446 44720110207: 448 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 449 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 450 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 451 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 452 The function remains undocumented. 453 45420110112: 455 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 456 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 457 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 458 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 459 systems where the define is not present can check against 460 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 461 462 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 463 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 464 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 465 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 466 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 467 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 468 46920110103: 470 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 471 the following warning: 472 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 473 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 474 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 475 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 476 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 477 install it on your system. 478 479 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 480 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 481 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 482 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 483 48420101228: 485 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 486 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 487 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 488 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 489 be recompiled. 490 49120101114: 492 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 493 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 494 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 495 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 496 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 497 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 498 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 499 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 500 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 501 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 502 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 503 it, for example via: 504 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 505 506 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 507 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 508 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 509 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 510 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 511 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 512 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 513 514 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 515 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 516 51720101111: 518 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 519 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 520 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 521 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 522 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 523 52420101002: 525 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 526 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 527 migrate local entries to the new format. 528 52920100928: 530 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 531 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 532 upstream sshd. 533 53420100915: 535 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 536 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 537 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 538 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 539 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 540 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 541 54220100913: 543 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 544 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 545 546 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 547 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 548 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 549 default is "AUTO". 550 551 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 552 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 553 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 554 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 555 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 556 557 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 558 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 559 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 560 56120100913: 562 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 563 now i386 and amd64 only. 564 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 565 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 566 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 567 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 568 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 569 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 570 57120100725: 572 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 573 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 574 57520100722: 576 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 577 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 578 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 579 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 580 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 581 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 582 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 583 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 584 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 585 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 586 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 587 58820100713: 589 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 590 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 591 machine powerpc powerpc 592 593 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 594 after this change. 595 59620100713: 597 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 598 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 599 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 600 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 601 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 602 60320100429: 604 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 605 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 606 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 607 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 608 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 609 61020100402: 611 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 612 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 613 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 614 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 615 WITH_CTF=yes"). 616 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 617 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 618 to unwanted behavior. 619 62020100311: 621 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 622 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 623 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 624 be modified accordingly. 625 62620100113: 627 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 628 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 629 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 630 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 631 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 632 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 633 634 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 635 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 636 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 637 use of utmpx. 638 639 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 640 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 641 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 642 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 643 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 644 64520100108: 646 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 647 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 648 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 649 65020091202: 651 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 652 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 653 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 654 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 655 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 656 657 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 658 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 659 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 660 661 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 662 66320091125: 664 8.0-RELEASE. 665 66620091113: 667 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 668 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 669 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 670 operation of applications on the console. 671 672 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 673 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 674 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 675 cons25. 676 677 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 678 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 679 performed by syscons(4). 680 68120091109: 682 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 683 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 684 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 685 686 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 687 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 688 new structure. 689 69020091025: 691 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 692 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 693 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 694 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 695 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 696 iwn5150fw. 697 69820090926: 699 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 700 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 701 702 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 703 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 704 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 705 706 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 707 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 708 709 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 710 they are obsolete. 711 712 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 713 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 714 715 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 716 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 717 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 718 719 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 720 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 721 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 722 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 723 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 724 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 725 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 726 using ifconfig(8) like: 727 728 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 729 730 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 731 IPv6-preferred. 732 733 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 734 735 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 736 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 737 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 738 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 739 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 740 74120090922: 742 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 743 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 744 74520090912: 746 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 747 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 748 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 749 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 750 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 751 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 752 75320090910: 754 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 755 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 756 75720090825: 758 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 759 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 760 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 761 is 1000. 762 76320090813: 764 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 765 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 766 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 767 76820090803: 769 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 770 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 771 77220090719: 773 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 774 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 775 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 776 77720090714: 778 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 779 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 780 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 781 78220090713: 783 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 784 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 785 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 786 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 787 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 788 78920090712: 790 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 791 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 792 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 793 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 794 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 795 79620090630: 797 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 798 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 799 may need to be adjusted. 800 80120090629: 802 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 803 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 804 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 805 with routing sockets. 806 80720090628: 808 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 809 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 810 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 811 81220090624: 813 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 814 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 815 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 816 800100. 817 81820090622: 819 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 820 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 821 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 822 82320090619: 824 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 825 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 826 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 827 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 828 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 829 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 830 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 831 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 832 833 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 834 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 835 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 836 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 837 authentication method is used. 838 83920090616: 840 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 841 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 842 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 843 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 844 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 845 84620090613: 847 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 848 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 849 85020090611: 851 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 852 be rebuilt. 853 85420090608: 855 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 856 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 857 85820090602: 859 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 860 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 861 86220090601: 863 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 864 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 865 re-compiled. 866 86720090601: 868 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 869 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 870 rebuilt. 871 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 872 87320090530: 874 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 875 more valid. 876 87720090530: 878 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 879 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 880 88120090529: 882 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 883 rebuilt. 884 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 885 88620090528: 887 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 888 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 889 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 890 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 891 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 892 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 893 89420090527: 895 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 896 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 897 89820090523: 899 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 900 need to be rebuilt. 901 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 902 90320090523: 904 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 905 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 906 90720090520: 908 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 909 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 910 91120090520: 912 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 913 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 914 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 915 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 916 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 917 91820090430: 919 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 920 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 921 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 922 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 923 correctly checking networking state from userland. 924 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 925 92620090429: 927 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 928 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 929 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 930 follows the IPv4 implementation. 931 932 For kernel developers: 933 934 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 935 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 936 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 937 938 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 939 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 940 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 941 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 942 943 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 944 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 945 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 946 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 947 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 948 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 949 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 950 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 951 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 952 multicast membership on-link. 953 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 954 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 955 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 956 957 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 958 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 959 stack. 960 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 961 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 962 semantics. 963 964 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 965 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 966 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 967 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 968 969 For application developers: 970 971 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 972 stack. 973 974 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 975 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 976 977 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 978 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 979 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 980 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 981 982 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 983 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 984 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 985 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 986 Multicast Source Filters'. 987 988 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 989 990 For systems administrators: 991 992 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 993 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 994 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 995 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 996 returned by getifaddrs(3). 997 998 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 999 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1000 1001 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1002 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1003 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1004 recommended for optimal system performance. 1005 1006 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1007 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1008 back forwarded datagrams. 1009 1010 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1011 101220090422: 1013 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1014 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1015 101620090419: 1017 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1018 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1019 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1020 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1021 102220090415: 1023 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1024 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1025 state will require a world rebuild. 1026 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1027 102820090415: 1029 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1030 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1031 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1032 103320090414: 1034 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1035 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1036 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1037 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1038 load balancing. 1039 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1040 104120090408: 1042 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1043 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1044 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1045 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1046 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1047 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1048 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1049 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1050 105120090407: 1052 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1053 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1054 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1055 105620090320: 1057 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1058 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1059 introduces some changes: 1060 1061 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1062 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1063 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1064 1065 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1066 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1067 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1068 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1069 1070 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1071 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1072 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1073 the "386BSD" type). 1074 1075 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1076 107720090319: 1078 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1079 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1080 (supported by sane). 1081 108220090319: 1083 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1084 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1085 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1086 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1087 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1088 108920090315: 1090 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1091 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1092 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1093 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1094 used. 1095 109620090313: 1097 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1098 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1099 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1100 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1101 110220090313: 1103 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1104 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1105 110620090309: 1107 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1108 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1109 1110 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1111 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1112 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1113 1114 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1115 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1116 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1117 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1118 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1119 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1120 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1121 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1122 1123 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1124 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1125 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1126 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1127 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1128 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1129 1130 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1131 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1132 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1133 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1134 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1135 1136 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1137 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1138 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1139 via IGMP. 1140 1141 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1142 recompiled to reflect this. 1143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1144 114520090309: 1146 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1147 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1148 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1149 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1150 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1151 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1152 115320090302: 1154 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1155 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1156 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1157 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1158 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1159 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1160 116120090301: 1162 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1163 network device driver modules. 1164 116520090227: 1166 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1167 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1168 116920090223: 1170 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1171 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1172 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1173 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1174 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1175 apply. 1176 117720090217: 1178 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1179 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1180 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1181 use the new name. 1182 118320090216: 1184 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1185 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1186 add 1187 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1188 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1189 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1190 119120090215: 1192 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1193 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1194 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1195 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1196 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1197 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1198 1199 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1200 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1201 be used for this: 1202 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1203 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1204 120520090209: 1206 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1207 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1208 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1209 121020090203: 1211 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1212 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1213 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1214 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1215 same interface. 1216 121720090201: 1218 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1219 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1220 122120090119: 1222 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1223 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1224 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1225 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1226 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1227 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1228 122920090115: 1230 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1231 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1232 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1233 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1234 123520081225: 1236 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1237 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1238 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1239 in next mpd5.3 release. 1240 124120081219: 1242 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1243 the base system (it was a port). 1244 124520081216: 1246 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1247 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1248 124920081214: 1250 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1251 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1252 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1253 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1254 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1255 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1256 none of the L2 information. 1257 125820081130: 1259 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1260 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1261 1262 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1263 1264 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1265 1266 device ath_hal 1267 1268 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1269 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1270 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1271 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1272 127320081121: 1274 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1275 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1276 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1277 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1278 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1279 packets. 1280 128120081117: 1282 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1283 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1284 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1285 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1286 128720081028: 1288 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1289 129020081009: 1291 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1292 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1293 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1294 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1295 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1296 1297 uhci_load="YES" 1298 ehci_load="YES" 1299 130020081009: 1301 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1302 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1303 sync. 1304 130520081009: 1306 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1307 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1308 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1309 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1310 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1311 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1312 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1313 131420080820: 1315 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1316 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1317 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1318 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1319 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1320 1321 PCI/ISA: 1322 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1323 1324 USB: 1325 ubser, ucycom 1326 1327 Line disciplines: 1328 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1329 1330 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1331 cause compilation to fail. 1332 133320080818: 1334 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1335 133620080801: 1337 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1338 1339 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1340 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1341 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1342 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1343 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1344 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1345 accepting the RSA key. 1346 1347 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1348 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1349 command line. 1350 1351 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1352 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1353 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1354 behavior. 1355 135620080713: 1357 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1358 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1359 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1360 1361 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1362 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1363 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1364 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1365 use the new device names. 1366 1367 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1368 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1369 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1370 at the loader prompt: 1371 1372 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1373 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1374 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1375 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1376 boot -s 1377 137820080609: 1379 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1380 disks instead. 1381 138220080603: 1383 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1384 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1385 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1386 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1387 138820080525: 1389 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1390 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1391 139220080509: 1393 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1394 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1395 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1396 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1397 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1398 139920080420: 1400 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1401 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1402 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1403 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1404 For example, change: 1405 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1406 to 1407 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1408 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1409 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1410 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1411 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1412 1413 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1414 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1415 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1416 141720080408: 1418 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1419 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1420 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1421 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1422 other operation levels. 1423 142420080312: 1425 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1426 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1427 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1428 compatibility with any prior release: 1429 1430 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1431 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1432 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1433 143420080301: 1435 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1436 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1437 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1438 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1439 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1440 nonetheless. 1441 144220080229: 1443 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1444 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1445 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1446 with older hardware easier to do. 1447 144820080220: 1449 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1450 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1451 145220080211: 1453 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1454 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1455 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1456 firewall rules. 1457 145820080208: 1459 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1460 mbuf chains. 1461 146220080126: 1463 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1464 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1465 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1466 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1467 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1468 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1469 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1470 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1471 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1472 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1473 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1474 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1475 147620080123: 1477 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1478 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1479 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1480 148120071128: 1482 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1483 functionality is the default now. 1484 148520071118: 1486 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1487 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1488 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1489 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1490 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1491 1492 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1493 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1494 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1495 149620071024: 1497 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1498 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1499 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1500 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1501 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1502 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1503 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1504 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1505 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1506 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1507 however. 1508 150920071020: 1510 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1511 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1512 used kproc_start().. 1513 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1514 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1515 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1516 151720071010: 1518 RELENG_7 branched. 1519 1520COMMON ITEMS: 1521 1522 General Notes 1523 ------------- 1524 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1525 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1526 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1527 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1528 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1529 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1530 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1531 1532 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1533 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1534 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1535 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1536 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1537 1538 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1539 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1540 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1541 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1542 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1543 1544 ZFS notes 1545 --------- 1546 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1547 these two steps: 1548 1549 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1550 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1551 1552 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1553 1554 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1555 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1556 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1557 1558 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1559 1560 To build a kernel 1561 ----------------- 1562 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1563 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1564 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1565 1566 make kernel-toolchain 1567 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1568 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1569 1570 To test a kernel once 1571 --------------------- 1572 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1573 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1574 debugging information) run 1575 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1576 nextboot -k testkernel 1577 1578 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1579 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1580 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1581 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1582 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1583 1584 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1585 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1586 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1587 make depend 1588 make 1589 make install 1590 1591 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1592 1593 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1594 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1595 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1596 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1597 1598 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1599 make buildworld 1600 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1601 [1] 1602 <reboot in single user> [3] 1603 mergemaster -p [5] 1604 make installworld 1605 mergemaster -i [4] 1606 make delete-old [6] 1607 <reboot> 1608 1609 1610 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1611 -------------------------------------------------- 1612 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1613 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1614 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1615 # size. 1616 1617 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1618 <boot into -stable> 1619 make buildworld 1620 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1621 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1622 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1623 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1624 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1625 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1626 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1627 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1628 <reboot into current> 1629 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1630 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1631 <reboot> 1632 1633 1634 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1635 ---------------------------------------------- 1636 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1637 make buildworld [9] 1638 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1639 [1] 1640 <reboot in single user> [3] 1641 mergemaster -p [5] 1642 make installworld 1643 mergemaster -i [4] 1644 make delete-old [6] 1645 <reboot> 1646 1647 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1648 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1649 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1650 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1651 the UPDATING entries. 1652 1653 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1654 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1655 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1656 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1657 much fewer pitfalls. 1658 1659 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1660 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1661 system on reboot. 1662 1663 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1664 fsck -p 1665 mount -u / 1666 mount -a 1667 cd src 1668 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1669 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1670 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1671 1672 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1673 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1674 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1675 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1676 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1677 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1678 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1679 1680 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1681 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1682 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1683 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1684 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1685 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430. 1686 1687 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1688 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1689 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1690 1691 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1692 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1693 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1694 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1695 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1696 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1697 1698 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1699 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1700 1701 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1702 cvs prune empty directories. 1703 1704 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1705 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1706 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1707 1708 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1709 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1710 warn if it is improperly defined. 1711FORMAT: 1712 1713This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1714breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1715list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1716If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1717to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1718 1719Copyright information: 1720 1721Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1722 1723Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1724modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1725document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1726 1727THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1728IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1729WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1730DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1731INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1732(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1733SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1734HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1735STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1736IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1737POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1738 1739Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1740this document. 1741 1742$FreeBSD: releng/9.3/UPDATING 277195 2015-01-14 21:27:46Z delphij $ 1743