w.c revision 97981 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34#include <sys/cdefs.h>
35
36__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 97981 2002-06-07 01:41:54Z jmallett $");
37
38#ifndef lint
39static const char copyright[] =
40"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
41	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
42#endif
43
44#ifndef lint
45static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
46#endif
47
48/*
49 * w - print system status (who and what)
50 *
51 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
52 *
53 */
54#include <sys/param.h>
55#include <sys/time.h>
56#include <sys/stat.h>
57#include <sys/sysctl.h>
58#include <sys/proc.h>
59#include <sys/user.h>
60#include <sys/ioctl.h>
61#include <sys/socket.h>
62#include <sys/tty.h>
63
64#include <machine/cpu.h>
65#include <netinet/in.h>
66#include <arpa/inet.h>
67#include <arpa/nameser.h>
68
69#include <ctype.h>
70#include <err.h>
71#include <errno.h>
72#include <fcntl.h>
73#include <kvm.h>
74#include <langinfo.h>
75#include <libutil.h>
76#include <limits.h>
77#include <locale.h>
78#include <netdb.h>
79#include <nlist.h>
80#include <paths.h>
81#include <resolv.h>
82#include <stdio.h>
83#include <stdlib.h>
84#include <string.h>
85#include <unistd.h>
86#include <utmp.h>
87#include <vis.h>
88
89#include "extern.h"
90
91struct timeval	boottime;
92struct utmp	utmp;
93struct winsize	ws;
94kvm_t	       *kd;
95time_t		now;		/* the current time of day */
96int		ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
97int		argwidth;	/* width of tty */
98int		header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
99int		nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
100int		dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
101int		sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
102int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
103int             use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
104char	      **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
105
106/*
107 * One of these per active utmp entry.
108 */
109struct	entry {
110	struct	entry *next;
111	struct	utmp utmp;
112	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
113	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
114	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
115	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
116	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
117} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
118
119#define debugproc(p) *((struct kinfo_proc **)&(p)->ki_spare[0])
120
121/* W_DISPHOSTSIZE should not be greater than UT_HOSTSIZE */
122#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	16
123
124static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
125static struct stat	*ttystat(char *, int);
126static void		 usage(int);
127static int		 this_is_uptime(const char *s);
128
129char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, int);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
130
131int
132main(int argc, char *argv[])
133{
134	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
135	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
136	struct stat *stp;
137	FILE *ut;
138	time_t touched;
139	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, dropgid;
140	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p;
141	char *x_suffix;
142	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
143	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
144	char *dot;
145
146	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
147	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
148	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
149
150	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
151	if (this_is_uptime(argv[0]) == 0) {
152		wcmd = 0;
153		p = "";
154	} else {
155		wcmd = 1;
156		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
157	}
158
159	dropgid = 0;
160	memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
161	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
162		switch (ch) {
163		case 'd':
164			dflag = 1;
165			break;
166		case 'h':
167			header = 0;
168			break;
169		case 'i':
170			sortidle = 1;
171			break;
172		case 'M':
173			header = 0;
174			memf = optarg;
175			dropgid = 1;
176			break;
177		case 'N':
178			nlistf = optarg;
179			dropgid = 1;
180			break;
181		case 'n':
182			nflag = 1;
183			break;
184		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
185			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
186			/* FALLTHROUGH */
187		case '?':
188		default:
189			usage(wcmd);
190		}
191	argc -= optind;
192	argv += optind;
193
194	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
195		res_init();
196	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
197	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
198
199	/*
200	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
201	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
202	 */
203	if (dropgid)
204		setgid(getgid());
205
206	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
207		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
208
209	(void)time(&now);
210	if ((ut = fopen(_PATH_UTMP, "r")) == NULL)
211		err(1, "%s", _PATH_UTMP);
212
213	if (*argv)
214		sel_users = argv;
215
216	for (nusers = 0; fread(&utmp, sizeof(utmp), 1, ut);) {
217		if (utmp.ut_name[0] == '\0')
218			continue;
219		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp.ut_line, UT_LINESIZE)))
220			continue;	/* corrupted record */
221		++nusers;
222		if (wcmd == 0)
223			continue;
224		if (sel_users) {
225			int usermatch;
226			char **user;
227
228			usermatch = 0;
229			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
230				if (!strncmp(utmp.ut_name, *user, UT_NAMESIZE))
231					usermatch = 1;
232			if (!usermatch)
233				continue;
234		}
235		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
236			errx(1, "calloc");
237		*nextp = ep;
238		nextp = &ep->next;
239		memmove(&ep->utmp, &utmp, sizeof(struct utmp));
240		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
241#ifdef CPU_CONSDEV
242		/*
243		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
244		 * the true console device dev_t.
245		 */
246		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
247			int mib[2];
248			size_t size;
249
250			mib[0] = CTL_MACHDEP;
251			mib[1] = CPU_CONSDEV;
252			size = sizeof(dev_t);
253			(void)sysctl(mib, 2, &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
254		}
255#endif
256		touched = stp->st_atime;
257		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_time) {
258			/* tty untouched since before login */
259			touched = ep->utmp.ut_time;
260		}
261		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
262			ep->idle = 0;
263	}
264	(void)fclose(ut);
265
266	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
267		pr_header(&now, nusers);
268		if (wcmd == 0) {
269			(void)kvm_close(kd);
270			exit(0);
271		}
272
273#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
274#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
275#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
276#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
277#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
278#define WUSED  (UT_NAMESIZE + UT_LINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
279		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
280		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s  %s",
281				UT_NAMESIZE, UT_NAMESIZE, HEADER_USER,
282				UT_LINESIZE, UT_LINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
283				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
284				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
285	}
286
287	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
288		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
289	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
290		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB)
291			continue;
292		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
293			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
294				/*
295				 * proc is associated with this terminal
296				 */
297				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
298					/*
299					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
300					 */
301					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
302						ep->kp = kp;
303				}
304				/*
305				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
306				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
307				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
308				 * ptr = long assumption.
309				 */
310				dkp = ep->dkp;
311				ep->dkp = kp;
312				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
313			}
314		}
315	}
316	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
317	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
318	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
319	       ttywidth = 79;
320        else
321	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
322	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
323	if (argwidth < 4)
324		argwidth = 8;
325	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
326		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
327			ep->args = strdup("-");
328			continue;
329		}
330		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
331		    ep->kp->ki_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
332		if (ep->args == NULL)
333			err(1, NULL);
334	}
335	/* sort by idle time */
336	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
337		struct entry *from, *save;
338
339		from = ehead;
340		ehead = NULL;
341		while (from != NULL) {
342			for (nextp = &ehead;
343			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
344			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
345				continue;
346			save = from;
347			from = from->next;
348			save->next = *nextp;
349			*nextp = save;
350		}
351	}
352
353	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
354		char host_buf[UT_HOSTSIZE + 1];
355		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
356		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
357		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
358		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
359		int isaddr;
360
361		host_buf[UT_HOSTSIZE] = '\0';
362		strncpy(host_buf, ep->utmp.ut_host, UT_HOSTSIZE);
363		p = *host_buf ? host_buf : "-";
364		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
365			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
366			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
367				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
368			else
369				x_suffix = NULL;
370		}
371		if (!nflag) {
372			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
373			isaddr = 0;
374			memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
375			if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
376				lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
377				lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
378				isaddr = 1;
379			} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
380				lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
381				lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
382				isaddr = 1;
383			}
384			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
385			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
386				p = fn;
387		}
388		if (x_suffix) {
389			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
390			p = buf;
391		}
392		if (dflag) {
393			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
394				const char *ptr;
395
396				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
397				    dkp->ki_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
398				if (ptr == NULL)
399					ptr = "-";
400				(void)printf("\t\t%-9d %s\n",
401				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
402			}
403		}
404		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s ",
405		    UT_NAMESIZE, UT_NAMESIZE, ep->utmp.ut_name,
406		    UT_LINESIZE, UT_LINESIZE,
407		    strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
408		    strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
409		    ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3,
410		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
411		pr_attime(&ep->utmp.ut_time, &now);
412		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
413		(void)printf("%.*s\n", argwidth - longidle, ep->args);
414	}
415	(void)kvm_close(kd);
416	exit(0);
417}
418
419static void
420pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
421{
422	double avenrun[3];
423	time_t uptime;
424	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
425	int mib[2];
426	size_t size;
427	char buf[256];
428
429	/*
430	 * Print time of day.
431	 */
432	(void)strftime(buf, sizeof(buf)	- 1,
433		       use_ampm	? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp));
434	buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
435	(void)printf("%s ", buf);
436
437	/*
438	 * Print how long system has been up.
439	 * (Found by looking getting "boottime" from the kernel)
440	 */
441	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
442	mib[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME;
443	size = sizeof(boottime);
444	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &boottime, &size, NULL, 0) != -1 &&
445	    boottime.tv_sec != 0) {
446		uptime = now - boottime.tv_sec;
447		if (uptime > 60)
448			uptime += 30;
449		days = uptime / 86400;
450		uptime %= 86400;
451		hrs = uptime / 3600;
452		uptime %= 3600;
453		mins = uptime / 60;
454		secs = uptime % 60;
455		(void)printf(" up");
456		if (days > 0)
457			(void)printf(" %d day%s,", days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
458		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
459			(void)printf(" %2d:%02d,", hrs, mins);
460		else if (hrs > 0)
461			(void)printf(" %d hr%s,", hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
462		else if (mins > 0)
463			(void)printf(" %d min%s,", mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
464		else
465			(void)printf(" %d sec%s,", secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
466	}
467
468	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
469	(void)printf(" %d user%s", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
470
471	/*
472	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
473	 */
474	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
475		(void)printf(", no load average information available\n");
476	else {
477		(void)printf(", load averages:");
478		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
479			if (use_comma && i > 0)
480				(void)printf(",");
481			(void)printf(" %.2f", avenrun[i]);
482		}
483		(void)printf("\n");
484	}
485}
486
487static struct stat *
488ttystat(char *line, int sz)
489{
490	static struct stat sb;
491	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
492
493	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%.*s", _PATH_DEV, sz, line);
494	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb)) {
495		warn("%s", ttybuf);
496		return (NULL);
497	}
498	return (&sb);
499}
500
501static void
502usage(int wcmd)
503{
504	if (wcmd)
505		(void)fprintf(stderr,
506		    "usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
507	else
508		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: uptime\n");
509	exit(1);
510}
511
512static int
513this_is_uptime(const char *s)
514{
515	const char *u;
516
517	if ((u = strrchr(s, '/')) != NULL)
518		++u;
519	else
520		u = s;
521	if (strcmp(u, "uptime") == 0)
522		return (0);
523	return (-1);
524}
525