w.c revision 285550 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 *    without specific prior written permission.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30#include <sys/cdefs.h>
31
32__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 285550 2015-07-14 18:53:24Z markm $");
33
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif
39
40#ifndef lint
41static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
42#endif
43
44/*
45 * w - print system status (who and what)
46 *
47 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
48 *
49 */
50#include <sys/param.h>
51#include <sys/time.h>
52#include <sys/stat.h>
53#include <sys/sysctl.h>
54#include <sys/proc.h>
55#include <sys/user.h>
56#include <sys/ioctl.h>
57#include <sys/sbuf.h>
58#include <sys/socket.h>
59#include <sys/tty.h>
60#include <sys/types.h>
61
62#include <machine/cpu.h>
63#include <netinet/in.h>
64#include <arpa/inet.h>
65#include <arpa/nameser.h>
66
67#include <ctype.h>
68#include <err.h>
69#include <errno.h>
70#include <fcntl.h>
71#include <kvm.h>
72#include <langinfo.h>
73#include <libgen.h>
74#include <libutil.h>
75#include <limits.h>
76#include <locale.h>
77#include <netdb.h>
78#include <nlist.h>
79#include <paths.h>
80#include <resolv.h>
81#include <stdio.h>
82#include <stdlib.h>
83#include <string.h>
84#include <timeconv.h>
85#include <unistd.h>
86#include <utmpx.h>
87#include <vis.h>
88#include <libxo/xo.h>
89
90#include "extern.h"
91
92static struct utmpx *utmp;
93static struct winsize ws;
94static kvm_t   *kd;
95static time_t	now;		/* the current time of day */
96static int	ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
97static int	argwidth;	/* width of tty */
98static int	header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
99static int	nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
100static int	dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
101static int	sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
102int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
103static int	use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
104static char   **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
105
106/*
107 * One of these per active utmp entry.
108 */
109static struct entry {
110	struct	entry *next;
111	struct	utmpx utmp;
112	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
113	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
114	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
115	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
116	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
117} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
118
119#define	debugproc(p) *(&((struct kinfo_proc *)p)->ki_udata)
120
121#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
122#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
123#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	40
124
125static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
126static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
127static void		 usage(int);
128
129char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, char *, size_t);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
130
131int
132main(int argc, char *argv[])
133{
134	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
135	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
136	struct stat *stp;
137	time_t touched;
138	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime, dropgid;
139	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p, *save_p;
140	char *x_suffix;
141	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
142	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
143	char *dot;
144
145	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
146	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
147	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
148
149	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
150	if (argc < 0)
151		exit(1);
152
153	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
154	if (strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "uptime") == 0) {
155		wcmd = 0;
156		p = "";
157	} else {
158		wcmd = 1;
159		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
160	}
161
162	dropgid = 0;
163	memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
164	nlistf = NULL;
165	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
166		switch (ch) {
167		case 'd':
168			dflag = 1;
169			break;
170		case 'h':
171			header = 0;
172			break;
173		case 'i':
174			sortidle = 1;
175			break;
176		case 'M':
177			header = 0;
178			memf = optarg;
179			dropgid = 1;
180			break;
181		case 'N':
182			nlistf = optarg;
183			dropgid = 1;
184			break;
185		case 'n':
186			nflag = 1;
187			break;
188		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
189			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
190			/* FALLTHROUGH */
191		case '?':
192		default:
193			usage(wcmd);
194		}
195	argc -= optind;
196	argv += optind;
197
198	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
199		res_init();
200	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
201	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
202
203	/*
204	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
205	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
206	 */
207	if (dropgid)
208		setgid(getgid());
209
210	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
211		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
212
213	(void)time(&now);
214
215	if (*argv)
216		sel_users = argv;
217
218	setutxent();
219	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
220		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
221			continue;
222		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
223			continue;	/* corrupted record */
224		++nusers;
225		if (wcmd == 0)
226			continue;
227		if (sel_users) {
228			int usermatch;
229			char **user;
230
231			usermatch = 0;
232			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
233				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
234					usermatch = 1;
235			if (!usermatch)
236				continue;
237		}
238		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
239			errx(1, "calloc");
240		*nextp = ep;
241		nextp = &ep->next;
242		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
243		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
244		/*
245		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
246		 * the true console device dev_t.
247		 */
248		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
249			size_t size;
250
251			size = sizeof(dev_t);
252			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
253		}
254		touched = stp->st_atime;
255		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
256			/* tty untouched since before login */
257			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
258		}
259		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
260			ep->idle = 0;
261	}
262	endutxent();
263
264	xo_open_container("uptime-information");
265
266	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
267		pr_header(&now, nusers);
268		if (wcmd == 0) {
269			xo_close_container("uptime-information");
270			xo_finish();
271
272			(void)kvm_close(kd);
273			exit(0);
274		}
275
276#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
277#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
278#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
279#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
280#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
281#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
282		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
283		xo_emit("{T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s}  {T:/%s}",
284				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
285				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
286				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
287				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
288	}
289
290	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
291		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
292	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
293		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB ||
294		    kp->ki_tdev == NODEV)
295			continue;
296		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
297			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
298				/*
299				 * proc is associated with this terminal
300				 */
301				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
302					/*
303					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
304					 */
305					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
306						ep->kp = kp;
307				}
308				/*
309				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
310				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
311				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
312				 * ptr = long assumption.
313				 */
314				dkp = ep->dkp;
315				ep->dkp = kp;
316				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
317			}
318		}
319	}
320	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
321	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
322	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
323	       ttywidth = 79;
324        else
325	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
326	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
327	if (argwidth < 4)
328		argwidth = 8;
329	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
330		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
331			ep->args = strdup("-");
332			continue;
333		}
334		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
335		    ep->kp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
336		if (ep->args == NULL)
337			err(1, NULL);
338	}
339	/* sort by idle time */
340	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
341		struct entry *from, *save;
342
343		from = ehead;
344		ehead = NULL;
345		while (from != NULL) {
346			for (nextp = &ehead;
347			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
348			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
349				continue;
350			save = from;
351			from = from->next;
352			save->next = *nextp;
353			*nextp = save;
354		}
355	}
356
357	xo_open_container("user-table");
358	xo_open_list("user-entry");
359
360	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
361		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
362		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
363		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
364		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
365		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
366		time_t t;
367		int isaddr;
368
369		xo_open_instance("user-entry");
370
371		save_p = p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
372		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
373			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
374			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
375				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
376			else
377				x_suffix = NULL;
378		}
379
380		isaddr = 0;
381		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
382		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
383			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
384			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
385			isaddr = 1;
386		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
387			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
388			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
389			isaddr = 1;
390		}
391		if (!nflag) {
392			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
393			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
394			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
395				p = fn;
396		} else if (!isaddr) {
397			/*
398			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
399			 * name into an IP address
400			 */
401			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
402			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
403			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
404			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
405			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
406				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
407				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
408					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
409					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
410					p = fn;
411				freeaddrinfo(res);
412			}
413		}
414
415		if (x_suffix) {
416			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
417			p = buf;
418		}
419		if (dflag) {
420		        xo_open_container("process-table");
421		        xo_open_list("process-entry");
422
423			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
424				const char *ptr;
425
426				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
427				    dkp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
428				if (ptr == NULL)
429					ptr = "-";
430				xo_open_instance("process-entry");
431				xo_emit("\t\t{:process-id/%-9d/%d} {:command/%s}\n",
432				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
433				xo_close_instance("process-entry");
434			}
435		        xo_close_list("process-entry");
436		        xo_close_container("process-table");
437		}
438		xo_emit("{:user/%-*.*s/%@**@s} {:tty/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
439			W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
440			W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
441			*ep->utmp.ut_line ?
442			(strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
443			 strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
444			 ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3) : "-");
445
446		if (save_p && save_p != p)
447		    xo_attr("address", "%s", save_p);
448		xo_emit("{:from/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
449		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
450		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
451		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
452		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
453		xo_emit("{:command/%.*s/%@*@s}\n",
454		    argwidth - longidle - longattime,
455		    ep->args);
456
457		xo_close_instance("user-entry");
458	}
459
460	xo_close_list("user-entry");
461	xo_close_container("user-table");
462	xo_close_container("uptime-information");
463	xo_finish();
464
465	(void)kvm_close(kd);
466	exit(0);
467}
468
469static void
470pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
471{
472	double avenrun[3];
473	time_t uptime;
474	struct timespec tp;
475	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
476	char buf[256];
477	struct sbuf *upbuf;
478
479	upbuf = sbuf_new_auto();
480	/*
481	 * Print time of day.
482	 */
483	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
484	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
485		xo_emit("{:time-of-day/%s} ", buf);
486	/*
487	 * Print how long system has been up.
488	 */
489	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &tp) != -1) {
490		uptime = tp.tv_sec;
491		if (uptime > 60)
492			uptime += 30;
493		days = uptime / 86400;
494		uptime %= 86400;
495		hrs = uptime / 3600;
496		uptime %= 3600;
497		mins = uptime / 60;
498		secs = uptime % 60;
499		xo_emit(" up");
500		xo_emit("{e:uptime/%lu}", (unsigned long) tp.tv_sec);
501		xo_emit("{e:days/%d}{e:hours/%d}{e:minutes/%d}{e:seconds/%d}", days, hrs, mins, secs);
502
503		if (days > 0)
504			sbuf_printf(upbuf, " %d day%s,",
505				days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
506		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
507			sbuf_printf(upbuf, " %2d:%02d,", hrs, mins);
508		else if (hrs > 0)
509			sbuf_printf(upbuf, " %d hr%s,",
510				hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
511		else if (mins > 0)
512			sbuf_printf(upbuf, " %d min%s,",
513				mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
514		else
515			sbuf_printf(upbuf, " %d sec%s,",
516				secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
517		if (sbuf_finish(upbuf) != 0)
518			xo_err(1, "Could not generate output");
519		xo_emit("{:uptime-human/%s}", sbuf_data(upbuf));
520		sbuf_delete(upbuf);
521	}
522
523	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
524	xo_emit(" {:users/%d} {N:user%s}", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
525
526	/*
527	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
528	 */
529	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
530		xo_emit(", no load average information available\n");
531	else {
532	        static const char *format[] = {
533		    " {:load-average-1/%.2f}",
534		    " {:load-average-5/%.2f}",
535		    " {:load-average-15/%.2f}",
536		};
537		xo_emit(", load averages:");
538		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
539			if (use_comma && i > 0)
540				xo_emit(",");
541			xo_emit(format[i], avenrun[i]);
542		}
543		xo_emit("\n");
544	}
545}
546
547static struct stat *
548ttystat(char *line)
549{
550	static struct stat sb;
551	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
552
553	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
554	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
555		return (&sb);
556	} else
557		return (NULL);
558}
559
560static void
561usage(int wcmd)
562{
563	if (wcmd)
564		xo_error("usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
565	else
566		xo_error("usage: uptime\n");
567	xo_finish();
568	exit(1);
569}
570