w.c revision 278541 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 *    without specific prior written permission.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30#include <sys/cdefs.h>
31
32__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 278541 2015-02-10 22:23:52Z grembo $");
33
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif
39
40#ifndef lint
41static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
42#endif
43
44/*
45 * w - print system status (who and what)
46 *
47 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
48 *
49 */
50#include <sys/param.h>
51#include <sys/time.h>
52#include <sys/stat.h>
53#include <sys/sysctl.h>
54#include <sys/proc.h>
55#include <sys/user.h>
56#include <sys/ioctl.h>
57#include <sys/socket.h>
58#include <sys/tty.h>
59
60#include <machine/cpu.h>
61#include <netinet/in.h>
62#include <arpa/inet.h>
63#include <arpa/nameser.h>
64
65#include <ctype.h>
66#include <err.h>
67#include <errno.h>
68#include <fcntl.h>
69#include <kvm.h>
70#include <langinfo.h>
71#include <libgen.h>
72#include <libutil.h>
73#include <limits.h>
74#include <locale.h>
75#include <netdb.h>
76#include <nlist.h>
77#include <paths.h>
78#include <resolv.h>
79#include <stdio.h>
80#include <stdlib.h>
81#include <string.h>
82#include <timeconv.h>
83#include <unistd.h>
84#include <utmpx.h>
85#include <vis.h>
86#include <libxo/xo.h>
87
88#include "extern.h"
89
90static struct utmpx *utmp;
91static struct winsize ws;
92static kvm_t   *kd;
93static time_t	now;		/* the current time of day */
94static int	ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
95static int	argwidth;	/* width of tty */
96static int	header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
97static int	nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
98static int	dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
99static int	sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
100int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
101static int	use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
102static char   **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
103
104/*
105 * One of these per active utmp entry.
106 */
107static struct entry {
108	struct	entry *next;
109	struct	utmpx utmp;
110	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
111	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
112	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
113	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
114	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
115} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
116
117#define	debugproc(p) *(&((struct kinfo_proc *)p)->ki_udata)
118
119#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
120#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
121#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	24
122
123static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
124static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
125static void		 usage(int);
126
127char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, char *, size_t);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
128
129int
130main(int argc, char *argv[])
131{
132	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
133	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
134	struct stat *stp;
135	time_t touched;
136	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime, dropgid;
137	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p, *save_p;
138	char *x_suffix;
139	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
140	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
141	char *dot;
142
143	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
144	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
145	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
146
147	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
148	if (argc < 0)
149		exit(1);
150
151	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
152	if (strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "uptime") == 0) {
153		wcmd = 0;
154		p = "";
155	} else {
156		wcmd = 1;
157		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
158	}
159
160	dropgid = 0;
161	memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
162	nlistf = NULL;
163	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
164		switch (ch) {
165		case 'd':
166			dflag = 1;
167			break;
168		case 'h':
169			header = 0;
170			break;
171		case 'i':
172			sortidle = 1;
173			break;
174		case 'M':
175			header = 0;
176			memf = optarg;
177			dropgid = 1;
178			break;
179		case 'N':
180			nlistf = optarg;
181			dropgid = 1;
182			break;
183		case 'n':
184			nflag = 1;
185			break;
186		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
187			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
188			/* FALLTHROUGH */
189		case '?':
190		default:
191			usage(wcmd);
192		}
193	argc -= optind;
194	argv += optind;
195
196	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
197		res_init();
198	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
199	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
200
201	/*
202	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
203	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
204	 */
205	if (dropgid)
206		setgid(getgid());
207
208	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
209		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
210
211	(void)time(&now);
212
213	if (*argv)
214		sel_users = argv;
215
216	setutxent();
217	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
218		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
219			continue;
220		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
221			continue;	/* corrupted record */
222		++nusers;
223		if (wcmd == 0)
224			continue;
225		if (sel_users) {
226			int usermatch;
227			char **user;
228
229			usermatch = 0;
230			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
231				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
232					usermatch = 1;
233			if (!usermatch)
234				continue;
235		}
236		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
237			errx(1, "calloc");
238		*nextp = ep;
239		nextp = &ep->next;
240		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
241		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
242		/*
243		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
244		 * the true console device dev_t.
245		 */
246		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
247			size_t size;
248
249			size = sizeof(dev_t);
250			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
251		}
252		touched = stp->st_atime;
253		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
254			/* tty untouched since before login */
255			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
256		}
257		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
258			ep->idle = 0;
259	}
260	endutxent();
261
262	xo_open_container("uptime-information");
263
264	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
265		pr_header(&now, nusers);
266		if (wcmd == 0) {
267			xo_close_container("uptime-information");
268			xo_finish();
269
270			(void)kvm_close(kd);
271			exit(0);
272		}
273
274#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
275#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
276#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
277#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
278#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
279#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
280		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
281		xo_emit("{T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s}  {T:/%s}",
282				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
283				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
284				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
285				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
286	}
287
288	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
289		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
290	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
291		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB ||
292		    kp->ki_tdev == NODEV)
293			continue;
294		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
295			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
296				/*
297				 * proc is associated with this terminal
298				 */
299				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
300					/*
301					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
302					 */
303					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
304						ep->kp = kp;
305				}
306				/*
307				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
308				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
309				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
310				 * ptr = long assumption.
311				 */
312				dkp = ep->dkp;
313				ep->dkp = kp;
314				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
315			}
316		}
317	}
318	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
319	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
320	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
321	       ttywidth = 79;
322        else
323	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
324	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
325	if (argwidth < 4)
326		argwidth = 8;
327	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
328		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
329			ep->args = strdup("-");
330			continue;
331		}
332		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
333		    ep->kp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
334		if (ep->args == NULL)
335			err(1, NULL);
336	}
337	/* sort by idle time */
338	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
339		struct entry *from, *save;
340
341		from = ehead;
342		ehead = NULL;
343		while (from != NULL) {
344			for (nextp = &ehead;
345			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
346			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
347				continue;
348			save = from;
349			from = from->next;
350			save->next = *nextp;
351			*nextp = save;
352		}
353	}
354
355	xo_open_container("user-table");
356	xo_open_list("user-entry");
357
358	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
359		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
360		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
361		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
362		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
363		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
364		time_t t;
365		int isaddr;
366
367		xo_open_instance("user-entry");
368
369		save_p = p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
370		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
371			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
372			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
373				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
374			else
375				x_suffix = NULL;
376		}
377
378		isaddr = 0;
379		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
380		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
381			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
382			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
383			isaddr = 1;
384		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
385			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
386			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
387			isaddr = 1;
388		}
389		if (!nflag) {
390			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
391			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
392			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
393				p = fn;
394		} else if (!isaddr) {
395			/*
396			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
397			 * name into an IP address
398			 */
399			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
400			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
401			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
402			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
403			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
404				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
405				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
406					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
407					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
408					p = fn;
409				freeaddrinfo(res);
410			}
411		}
412
413		if (x_suffix) {
414			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
415			p = buf;
416		}
417		if (dflag) {
418		        xo_open_container("process-table");
419		        xo_open_list("process-entry");
420
421			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
422				const char *ptr;
423
424				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
425				    dkp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
426				if (ptr == NULL)
427					ptr = "-";
428				xo_open_instance("process-entry");
429				xo_emit("\t\t{:process-id/%-9d/%d} {:command/%s}\n",
430				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
431				xo_close_instance("process-entry");
432			}
433		        xo_close_list("process-entry");
434		        xo_close_container("process-table");
435		}
436		xo_emit("{:user/%-*.*s/%@**@s} {:tty/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
437			W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
438			W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
439			*ep->utmp.ut_line ?
440			(strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
441			 strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
442			 ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3) : "-");
443
444		if (save_p && save_p != p)
445		    xo_attr("address", "%s", save_p);
446		xo_emit("{:from/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
447		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
448		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
449		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
450		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
451		xo_emit("{:command/%.*s/%@*@s}\n",
452		    argwidth - longidle - longattime,
453		    ep->args);
454
455		xo_close_instance("user-entry");
456	}
457
458	xo_close_list("user-entry");
459	xo_close_container("user-table");
460	xo_close_container("uptime-information");
461	xo_finish();
462
463	(void)kvm_close(kd);
464	exit(0);
465}
466
467static void
468pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
469{
470	double avenrun[3];
471	time_t uptime;
472	struct timespec tp;
473	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
474	char buf[256];
475
476	/*
477	 * Print time of day.
478	 */
479	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
480	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
481		xo_emit("{:time-of-day/%s} ", buf);
482	/*
483	 * Print how long system has been up.
484	 */
485	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &tp) != -1) {
486		uptime = tp.tv_sec;
487		if (uptime > 60)
488			uptime += 30;
489		days = uptime / 86400;
490		uptime %= 86400;
491		hrs = uptime / 3600;
492		uptime %= 3600;
493		mins = uptime / 60;
494		secs = uptime % 60;
495		xo_emit(" up");
496		xo_attr("seconds", "%lu", (unsigned long) tp.tv_sec);
497		if (days > 0)
498			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d day%s},",
499				days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
500		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
501			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%2d:%02d},", hrs, mins);
502		else if (hrs > 0)
503			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d hr%s},",
504				hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
505		else if (mins > 0)
506			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d min%s},",
507				mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
508		else
509			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d sec%s},",
510				secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
511	}
512
513	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
514	xo_emit(" {:users/%d} {N:user%s}", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
515
516	/*
517	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
518	 */
519	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
520		xo_emit(", no load average information available\n");
521	else {
522	        static const char *format[] = {
523		    " {:load-average-1/%.2f}",
524		    " {:load-average-5/%.2f}",
525		    " {:load-average-15/%.2f}",
526		};
527		xo_emit(", load averages:");
528		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
529			if (use_comma && i > 0)
530				xo_emit(",");
531			xo_emit(format[i], avenrun[i]);
532		}
533		xo_emit("\n");
534	}
535}
536
537static struct stat *
538ttystat(char *line)
539{
540	static struct stat sb;
541	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
542
543	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
544	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
545		return (&sb);
546	} else
547		return (NULL);
548}
549
550static void
551usage(int wcmd)
552{
553	if (wcmd)
554		xo_error("usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
555	else
556		xo_error("usage: uptime\n");
557	exit(1);
558}
559