w.c revision 274151 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 *    without specific prior written permission.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30#include <sys/cdefs.h>
31
32__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 274151 2014-11-05 23:54:33Z marcel $");
33
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif
39
40#ifndef lint
41static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
42#endif
43
44/*
45 * w - print system status (who and what)
46 *
47 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
48 *
49 */
50#include <sys/param.h>
51#include <sys/time.h>
52#include <sys/stat.h>
53#include <sys/sysctl.h>
54#include <sys/proc.h>
55#include <sys/user.h>
56#include <sys/ioctl.h>
57#include <sys/socket.h>
58#include <sys/tty.h>
59
60#include <machine/cpu.h>
61#include <netinet/in.h>
62#include <arpa/inet.h>
63#include <arpa/nameser.h>
64
65#include <ctype.h>
66#include <err.h>
67#include <errno.h>
68#include <fcntl.h>
69#include <kvm.h>
70#include <langinfo.h>
71#include <libgen.h>
72#include <libutil.h>
73#include <limits.h>
74#include <locale.h>
75#include <netdb.h>
76#include <nlist.h>
77#include <paths.h>
78#include <resolv.h>
79#include <stdio.h>
80#include <stdlib.h>
81#include <string.h>
82#include <timeconv.h>
83#include <unistd.h>
84#include <utmpx.h>
85#include <vis.h>
86#include <libxo/xo.h>
87
88#include "extern.h"
89
90static struct utmpx *utmp;
91static struct winsize ws;
92static kvm_t   *kd;
93static time_t	now;		/* the current time of day */
94static int	ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
95static int	argwidth;	/* width of tty */
96static int	header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
97static int	nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
98static int	dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
99static int	sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
100int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
101static int	use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
102static char   **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
103
104/*
105 * One of these per active utmp entry.
106 */
107static struct entry {
108	struct	entry *next;
109	struct	utmpx utmp;
110	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
111	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
112	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
113	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
114	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
115} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
116
117#define	debugproc(p) *(&((struct kinfo_proc *)p)->ki_udata)
118
119#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
120#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
121#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	24
122
123static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
124static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
125static void		 usage(int);
126
127char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, char *, size_t);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
128
129int
130main(int argc, char *argv[])
131{
132	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
133	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
134	struct stat *stp;
135	time_t touched;
136	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime, dropgid;
137	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p, *save_p;
138	char *x_suffix;
139	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
140	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
141	char *dot;
142
143	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
144	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
145	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
146
147	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
148	if (argc < 0)
149		exit(1);
150
151	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
152	if (strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "uptime") == 0) {
153		wcmd = 0;
154		p = "";
155	} else {
156		wcmd = 1;
157		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
158	}
159
160	dropgid = 0;
161	memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
162	nlistf = NULL;
163	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
164		switch (ch) {
165		case 'd':
166			dflag = 1;
167			break;
168		case 'h':
169			header = 0;
170			break;
171		case 'i':
172			sortidle = 1;
173			break;
174		case 'M':
175			header = 0;
176			memf = optarg;
177			dropgid = 1;
178			break;
179		case 'N':
180			nlistf = optarg;
181			dropgid = 1;
182			break;
183		case 'n':
184			nflag = 1;
185			break;
186		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
187			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
188			/* FALLTHROUGH */
189		case '?':
190		default:
191			usage(wcmd);
192		}
193	argc -= optind;
194	argv += optind;
195
196	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
197		res_init();
198	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
199	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
200
201	/*
202	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
203	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
204	 */
205	if (dropgid)
206		setgid(getgid());
207
208	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
209		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
210
211	(void)time(&now);
212
213	if (*argv)
214		sel_users = argv;
215
216	setutxent();
217	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
218		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
219			continue;
220		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
221			continue;	/* corrupted record */
222		++nusers;
223		if (wcmd == 0)
224			continue;
225		if (sel_users) {
226			int usermatch;
227			char **user;
228
229			usermatch = 0;
230			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
231				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
232					usermatch = 1;
233			if (!usermatch)
234				continue;
235		}
236		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
237			errx(1, "calloc");
238		*nextp = ep;
239		nextp = &ep->next;
240		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
241		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
242		/*
243		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
244		 * the true console device dev_t.
245		 */
246		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
247			size_t size;
248
249			size = sizeof(dev_t);
250			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
251		}
252		touched = stp->st_atime;
253		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
254			/* tty untouched since before login */
255			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
256		}
257		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
258			ep->idle = 0;
259	}
260	endutxent();
261
262	xo_open_container("uptime-information");
263
264	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
265		pr_header(&now, nusers);
266		if (wcmd == 0) {
267		        xo_close_container("uptime-information");
268			(void)kvm_close(kd);
269			exit(0);
270		}
271
272#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
273#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
274#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
275#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
276#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
277#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
278		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
279		xo_emit("{T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s}  {T:/%s}",
280				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
281				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
282				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
283				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
284	}
285
286	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
287		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
288	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
289		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB ||
290		    kp->ki_tdev == NODEV)
291			continue;
292		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
293			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
294				/*
295				 * proc is associated with this terminal
296				 */
297				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
298					/*
299					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
300					 */
301					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
302						ep->kp = kp;
303				}
304				/*
305				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
306				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
307				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
308				 * ptr = long assumption.
309				 */
310				dkp = ep->dkp;
311				ep->dkp = kp;
312				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
313			}
314		}
315	}
316	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
317	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
318	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
319	       ttywidth = 79;
320        else
321	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
322	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
323	if (argwidth < 4)
324		argwidth = 8;
325	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
326		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
327			ep->args = strdup("-");
328			continue;
329		}
330		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
331		    ep->kp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
332		if (ep->args == NULL)
333			err(1, NULL);
334	}
335	/* sort by idle time */
336	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
337		struct entry *from, *save;
338
339		from = ehead;
340		ehead = NULL;
341		while (from != NULL) {
342			for (nextp = &ehead;
343			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
344			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
345				continue;
346			save = from;
347			from = from->next;
348			save->next = *nextp;
349			*nextp = save;
350		}
351	}
352
353	xo_open_container("user-table");
354	xo_open_list("user-entry");
355
356	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
357		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
358		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
359		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
360		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
361		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
362		time_t t;
363		int isaddr;
364
365		xo_open_instance("user-entry");
366
367		save_p = p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
368		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
369			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
370			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
371				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
372			else
373				x_suffix = NULL;
374		}
375
376		isaddr = 0;
377		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
378		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
379			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
380			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
381			isaddr = 1;
382		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
383			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
384			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
385			isaddr = 1;
386		}
387		if (!nflag) {
388			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
389			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
390			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
391				p = fn;
392		} else if (!isaddr) {
393			/*
394			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
395			 * name into an IP address
396			 */
397			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
398			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
399			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
400			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
401			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
402				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
403				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
404					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
405					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
406					p = fn;
407				freeaddrinfo(res);
408			}
409		}
410
411		if (x_suffix) {
412			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
413			p = buf;
414		}
415		if (dflag) {
416		        xo_open_container("process-table");
417		        xo_open_list("process-entry");
418
419			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
420				const char *ptr;
421
422				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
423				    dkp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
424				if (ptr == NULL)
425					ptr = "-";
426				xo_open_instance("process-entry");
427				xo_emit("\t\t{:process-id/%-9d/%d} {:command/%s}\n",
428				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
429				xo_close_instance("process-entry");
430			}
431		        xo_close_list("process-entry");
432		        xo_close_container("process-table");
433		}
434		xo_emit("{:user/%-*.*s/%@**@s} {:tty/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
435			W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
436			W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
437			*ep->utmp.ut_line ?
438			(strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
439			 strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
440			 ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3) : "-");
441
442		if (save_p && save_p != p)
443		    xo_attr("address", "%s", save_p);
444		xo_emit("{:from/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
445		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
446		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
447		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
448		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
449		xo_emit("{:command/%.*s/%@*@s}\n",
450		    argwidth - longidle - longattime,
451		    ep->args);
452
453		xo_close_instance("user-entry");
454	}
455
456	xo_close_list("user-entry");
457	xo_close_container("user-table");
458	xo_close_container("uptime-information");
459	xo_finish();
460
461	(void)kvm_close(kd);
462	exit(0);
463}
464
465static void
466pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
467{
468	double avenrun[3];
469	time_t uptime;
470	struct timespec tp;
471	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
472	char buf[256];
473
474	/*
475	 * Print time of day.
476	 */
477	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
478	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
479		xo_emit("{:time-of-day/%s} ", buf);
480	/*
481	 * Print how long system has been up.
482	 */
483	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &tp) != -1) {
484		uptime = tp.tv_sec;
485		if (uptime > 60)
486			uptime += 30;
487		days = uptime / 86400;
488		uptime %= 86400;
489		hrs = uptime / 3600;
490		uptime %= 3600;
491		mins = uptime / 60;
492		secs = uptime % 60;
493		xo_emit(" up");
494		xo_attr("seconds", "%lu", (unsigned long) tp.tv_sec);
495		if (days > 0)
496			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d day%s},",
497				days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
498		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
499			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%2d:%02d},", hrs, mins);
500		else if (hrs > 0)
501			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d hr%s},",
502				hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
503		else if (mins > 0)
504			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d min%s},",
505				mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
506		else
507			xo_emit(" {:uptime/%d sec%s},",
508				secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
509	}
510
511	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
512	xo_emit(" {:users/%d} user%s", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
513
514	/*
515	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
516	 */
517	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
518		xo_emit(", no load average information available\n");
519	else {
520	        static const char *format[] = {
521		    " {:load-average-1/%.2f}",
522		    " {:load-average-5/%.2f}",
523		    " {:load-average-15/%.2f}",
524		};
525		xo_emit(", load averages:");
526		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
527			if (use_comma && i > 0)
528				xo_emit(",");
529			xo_emit(format[i], avenrun[i]);
530		}
531		xo_emit("\n");
532	}
533}
534
535static struct stat *
536ttystat(char *line)
537{
538	static struct stat sb;
539	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
540
541	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
542	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
543		return (&sb);
544	} else
545		return (NULL);
546}
547
548static void
549usage(int wcmd)
550{
551	if (wcmd)
552		xo_error("usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
553	else
554		xo_error("usage: uptime\n");
555	exit(1);
556}
557