w.c revision 253749 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 *    without specific prior written permission.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30#include <sys/cdefs.h>
31
32__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 253749 2013-07-28 18:35:43Z avg $");
33
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif
39
40#ifndef lint
41static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
42#endif
43
44/*
45 * w - print system status (who and what)
46 *
47 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
48 *
49 */
50#include <sys/param.h>
51#include <sys/time.h>
52#include <sys/stat.h>
53#include <sys/sysctl.h>
54#include <sys/proc.h>
55#include <sys/user.h>
56#include <sys/ioctl.h>
57#include <sys/socket.h>
58#include <sys/tty.h>
59
60#include <netinet/in.h>
61#include <arpa/inet.h>
62#include <arpa/nameser.h>
63
64#include <ctype.h>
65#include <err.h>
66#include <errno.h>
67#include <fcntl.h>
68#include <kvm.h>
69#include <langinfo.h>
70#include <libutil.h>
71#include <limits.h>
72#include <locale.h>
73#include <netdb.h>
74#include <nlist.h>
75#include <paths.h>
76#include <resolv.h>
77#include <stdio.h>
78#include <stdlib.h>
79#include <string.h>
80#include <timeconv.h>
81#include <unistd.h>
82#include <utmpx.h>
83#include <vis.h>
84
85#include "extern.h"
86
87static struct utmpx *utmp;
88static struct winsize ws;
89static kvm_t   *kd;
90static time_t	now;		/* the current time of day */
91static int	ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
92static int	argwidth;	/* width of tty */
93static int	header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
94static int	nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
95static int	dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
96static int	sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
97int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
98static int	use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
99static char   **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
100
101/*
102 * One of these per active utmp entry.
103 */
104static struct entry {
105	struct	entry *next;
106	struct	utmpx utmp;
107	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
108	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
109	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
110	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
111	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
112} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
113
114#define	debugproc(p) *(&((struct kinfo_proc *)p)->ki_udata)
115
116#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
117#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
118#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	24
119
120static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
121static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
122static void		 usage(int);
123static int		 this_is_uptime(const char *s);
124
125char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, char *, size_t);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
126
127int
128main(int argc, char *argv[])
129{
130	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
131	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
132	struct stat *stp;
133	time_t touched;
134	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime, dropgid;
135	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p;
136	char *x_suffix;
137	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
138	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
139	char *dot;
140
141	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
142	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
143	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
144
145	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
146	if (this_is_uptime(argv[0]) == 0) {
147		wcmd = 0;
148		p = "";
149	} else {
150		wcmd = 1;
151		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
152	}
153
154	dropgid = 0;
155	memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
156	nlistf = NULL;
157	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
158		switch (ch) {
159		case 'd':
160			dflag = 1;
161			break;
162		case 'h':
163			header = 0;
164			break;
165		case 'i':
166			sortidle = 1;
167			break;
168		case 'M':
169			header = 0;
170			memf = optarg;
171			dropgid = 1;
172			break;
173		case 'N':
174			nlistf = optarg;
175			dropgid = 1;
176			break;
177		case 'n':
178			nflag = 1;
179			break;
180		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
181			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
182			/* FALLTHROUGH */
183		case '?':
184		default:
185			usage(wcmd);
186		}
187	argc -= optind;
188	argv += optind;
189
190	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
191		res_init();
192	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
193	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
194
195	/*
196	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
197	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
198	 */
199	if (dropgid)
200		setgid(getgid());
201
202	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
203		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
204
205	(void)time(&now);
206
207	if (*argv)
208		sel_users = argv;
209
210	setutxent();
211	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
212		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
213			continue;
214		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
215			continue;	/* corrupted record */
216		++nusers;
217		if (wcmd == 0)
218			continue;
219		if (sel_users) {
220			int usermatch;
221			char **user;
222
223			usermatch = 0;
224			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
225				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
226					usermatch = 1;
227			if (!usermatch)
228				continue;
229		}
230		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
231			errx(1, "calloc");
232		*nextp = ep;
233		nextp = &ep->next;
234		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
235		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
236		/*
237		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
238		 * the true console device dev_t.
239		 */
240		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
241			size_t size;
242
243			size = sizeof(dev_t);
244			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
245		}
246		touched = stp->st_atime;
247		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
248			/* tty untouched since before login */
249			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
250		}
251		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
252			ep->idle = 0;
253	}
254	endutxent();
255
256	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
257		pr_header(&now, nusers);
258		if (wcmd == 0) {
259			(void)kvm_close(kd);
260			exit(0);
261		}
262
263#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
264#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
265#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
266#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
267#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
268#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
269		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
270		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s  %s",
271				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
272				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
273				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
274				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
275	}
276
277	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
278		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
279	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
280		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB ||
281		    kp->ki_tdev == NODEV)
282			continue;
283		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
284			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
285				/*
286				 * proc is associated with this terminal
287				 */
288				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
289					/*
290					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
291					 */
292					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
293						ep->kp = kp;
294				}
295				/*
296				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
297				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
298				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
299				 * ptr = long assumption.
300				 */
301				dkp = ep->dkp;
302				ep->dkp = kp;
303				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
304			}
305		}
306	}
307	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
308	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
309	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
310	       ttywidth = 79;
311        else
312	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
313	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
314	if (argwidth < 4)
315		argwidth = 8;
316	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
317		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
318			ep->args = strdup("-");
319			continue;
320		}
321		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
322		    ep->kp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
323		if (ep->args == NULL)
324			err(1, NULL);
325	}
326	/* sort by idle time */
327	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
328		struct entry *from, *save;
329
330		from = ehead;
331		ehead = NULL;
332		while (from != NULL) {
333			for (nextp = &ehead;
334			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
335			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
336				continue;
337			save = from;
338			from = from->next;
339			save->next = *nextp;
340			*nextp = save;
341		}
342	}
343
344	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
345		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
346		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
347		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
348		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
349		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
350		time_t t;
351		int isaddr;
352
353		p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
354		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
355			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
356			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
357				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
358			else
359				x_suffix = NULL;
360		}
361
362		isaddr = 0;
363		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
364		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
365			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
366			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
367			isaddr = 1;
368		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
369			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
370			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
371			isaddr = 1;
372		}
373		if (!nflag) {
374			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
375			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
376			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
377				p = fn;
378		} else if (!isaddr) {
379			/*
380			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
381			 * name into an IP address
382			 */
383			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
384			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
385			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
386			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
387			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
388				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
389				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
390					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
391					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
392					p = fn;
393				freeaddrinfo(res);
394			}
395		}
396
397		if (x_suffix) {
398			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
399			p = buf;
400		}
401		if (dflag) {
402			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
403				const char *ptr;
404
405				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
406				    dkp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
407				if (ptr == NULL)
408					ptr = "-";
409				(void)printf("\t\t%-9d %s\n",
410				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
411			}
412		}
413		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s ",
414		    W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
415		    W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
416		    *ep->utmp.ut_line ?
417		    (strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
418		    strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
419		    ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3) : "-",
420		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
421		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
422		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
423		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
424		(void)printf("%.*s\n", argwidth - longidle - longattime,
425		    ep->args);
426	}
427	(void)kvm_close(kd);
428	exit(0);
429}
430
431static void
432pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
433{
434	double avenrun[3];
435	time_t uptime;
436	struct timespec tp;
437	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
438	char buf[256];
439
440	/*
441	 * Print time of day.
442	 */
443	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
444	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
445		(void)printf("%s ", buf);
446	/*
447	 * Print how long system has been up.
448	 */
449	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &tp) != -1) {
450		uptime = tp.tv_sec;
451		if (uptime > 60)
452			uptime += 30;
453		days = uptime / 86400;
454		uptime %= 86400;
455		hrs = uptime / 3600;
456		uptime %= 3600;
457		mins = uptime / 60;
458		secs = uptime % 60;
459		(void)printf(" up");
460		if (days > 0)
461			(void)printf(" %d day%s,", days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
462		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
463			(void)printf(" %2d:%02d,", hrs, mins);
464		else if (hrs > 0)
465			(void)printf(" %d hr%s,", hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
466		else if (mins > 0)
467			(void)printf(" %d min%s,", mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
468		else
469			(void)printf(" %d sec%s,", secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
470	}
471
472	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
473	(void)printf(" %d user%s", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
474
475	/*
476	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
477	 */
478	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
479		(void)printf(", no load average information available\n");
480	else {
481		(void)printf(", load averages:");
482		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
483			if (use_comma && i > 0)
484				(void)printf(",");
485			(void)printf(" %.2f", avenrun[i]);
486		}
487		(void)printf("\n");
488	}
489}
490
491static struct stat *
492ttystat(char *line)
493{
494	static struct stat sb;
495	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
496
497	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
498	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
499		return (&sb);
500	} else
501		return (NULL);
502}
503
504static void
505usage(int wcmd)
506{
507	if (wcmd)
508		(void)fprintf(stderr,
509		    "usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
510	else
511		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: uptime\n");
512	exit(1);
513}
514
515static int
516this_is_uptime(const char *s)
517{
518	const char *u;
519
520	if ((u = strrchr(s, '/')) != NULL)
521		++u;
522	else
523		u = s;
524	if (strcmp(u, "uptime") == 0)
525		return (0);
526	return (-1);
527}
528