w.c revision 241484 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 *    without specific prior written permission.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30#include <sys/cdefs.h>
31
32__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 241484 2012-10-12 15:03:28Z emaste $");
33
34#ifndef lint
35static const char copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif
39
40#ifndef lint
41static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
42#endif
43
44/*
45 * w - print system status (who and what)
46 *
47 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
48 *
49 */
50#include <sys/param.h>
51#include <sys/time.h>
52#include <sys/stat.h>
53#include <sys/sysctl.h>
54#include <sys/proc.h>
55#include <sys/user.h>
56#include <sys/ioctl.h>
57#include <sys/socket.h>
58#include <sys/tty.h>
59
60#include <machine/cpu.h>
61#include <netinet/in.h>
62#include <arpa/inet.h>
63#include <arpa/nameser.h>
64
65#include <ctype.h>
66#include <err.h>
67#include <errno.h>
68#include <fcntl.h>
69#include <kvm.h>
70#include <langinfo.h>
71#include <libutil.h>
72#include <limits.h>
73#include <locale.h>
74#include <netdb.h>
75#include <nlist.h>
76#include <paths.h>
77#include <resolv.h>
78#include <stdio.h>
79#include <stdlib.h>
80#include <string.h>
81#include <timeconv.h>
82#include <unistd.h>
83#include <utmpx.h>
84#include <vis.h>
85
86#include "extern.h"
87
88static struct utmpx *utmp;
89static struct winsize ws;
90static kvm_t   *kd;
91static time_t	now;		/* the current time of day */
92static int	ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
93static int	argwidth;	/* width of tty */
94static int	header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
95static int	nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
96static int	dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
97static int	sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
98int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
99static int	use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
100static char   **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
101
102/*
103 * One of these per active utmp entry.
104 */
105static struct entry {
106	struct	entry *next;
107	struct	utmpx utmp;
108	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
109	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
110	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
111	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
112	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
113} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
114
115#define	debugproc(p) *(&((struct kinfo_proc *)p)->ki_udata)
116
117#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
118#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
119#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	24
120
121static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
122static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
123static void		 usage(int);
124static int		 this_is_uptime(const char *s);
125
126char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, int);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
127
128int
129main(int argc, char *argv[])
130{
131	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
132	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
133	struct stat *stp;
134	time_t touched;
135	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime, dropgid;
136	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p;
137	char *x_suffix;
138	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
139	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
140	char *dot;
141
142	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
143	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
144	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
145
146	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
147	if (this_is_uptime(argv[0]) == 0) {
148		wcmd = 0;
149		p = "";
150	} else {
151		wcmd = 1;
152		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
153	}
154
155	dropgid = 0;
156	memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
157	nlistf = NULL;
158	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
159		switch (ch) {
160		case 'd':
161			dflag = 1;
162			break;
163		case 'h':
164			header = 0;
165			break;
166		case 'i':
167			sortidle = 1;
168			break;
169		case 'M':
170			header = 0;
171			memf = optarg;
172			dropgid = 1;
173			break;
174		case 'N':
175			nlistf = optarg;
176			dropgid = 1;
177			break;
178		case 'n':
179			nflag = 1;
180			break;
181		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
182			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
183			/* FALLTHROUGH */
184		case '?':
185		default:
186			usage(wcmd);
187		}
188	argc -= optind;
189	argv += optind;
190
191	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
192		res_init();
193	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
194	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
195
196	/*
197	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
198	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
199	 */
200	if (dropgid)
201		setgid(getgid());
202
203	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
204		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
205
206	(void)time(&now);
207
208	if (*argv)
209		sel_users = argv;
210
211	setutxent();
212	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
213		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
214			continue;
215		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
216			continue;	/* corrupted record */
217		++nusers;
218		if (wcmd == 0)
219			continue;
220		if (sel_users) {
221			int usermatch;
222			char **user;
223
224			usermatch = 0;
225			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
226				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
227					usermatch = 1;
228			if (!usermatch)
229				continue;
230		}
231		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
232			errx(1, "calloc");
233		*nextp = ep;
234		nextp = &ep->next;
235		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
236		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
237		/*
238		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
239		 * the true console device dev_t.
240		 */
241		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
242			size_t size;
243
244			size = sizeof(dev_t);
245			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
246		}
247		touched = stp->st_atime;
248		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
249			/* tty untouched since before login */
250			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
251		}
252		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
253			ep->idle = 0;
254	}
255	endutxent();
256
257	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
258		pr_header(&now, nusers);
259		if (wcmd == 0) {
260			(void)kvm_close(kd);
261			exit(0);
262		}
263
264#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
265#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
266#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
267#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
268#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
269#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
270		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
271		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s  %s",
272				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
273				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
274				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
275				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
276	}
277
278	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
279		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
280	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
281		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB ||
282		    kp->ki_tdev == NODEV)
283			continue;
284		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
285			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
286				/*
287				 * proc is associated with this terminal
288				 */
289				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
290					/*
291					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
292					 */
293					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
294						ep->kp = kp;
295				}
296				/*
297				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
298				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
299				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
300				 * ptr = long assumption.
301				 */
302				dkp = ep->dkp;
303				ep->dkp = kp;
304				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
305			}
306		}
307	}
308	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
309	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
310	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
311	       ttywidth = 79;
312        else
313	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
314	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
315	if (argwidth < 4)
316		argwidth = 8;
317	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
318		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
319			ep->args = strdup("-");
320			continue;
321		}
322		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
323		    ep->kp->ki_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
324		if (ep->args == NULL)
325			err(1, NULL);
326	}
327	/* sort by idle time */
328	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
329		struct entry *from, *save;
330
331		from = ehead;
332		ehead = NULL;
333		while (from != NULL) {
334			for (nextp = &ehead;
335			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
336			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
337				continue;
338			save = from;
339			from = from->next;
340			save->next = *nextp;
341			*nextp = save;
342		}
343	}
344
345	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
346		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
347		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
348		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
349		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
350		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
351		time_t t;
352		int isaddr;
353
354		p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
355		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
356			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
357			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
358				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
359			else
360				x_suffix = NULL;
361		}
362
363		isaddr = 0;
364		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
365		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
366			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
367			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
368			isaddr = 1;
369		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
370			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
371			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
372			isaddr = 1;
373		}
374		if (!nflag) {
375			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
376			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
377			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
378				p = fn;
379		} else if (!isaddr) {
380			/*
381			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
382			 * name into an IP address
383			 */
384			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
385			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
386			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
387			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
388			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
389				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
390				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
391					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
392					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
393					p = fn;
394				freeaddrinfo(res);
395			}
396		}
397
398		if (x_suffix) {
399			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
400			p = buf;
401		}
402		if (dflag) {
403			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
404				const char *ptr;
405
406				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
407				    dkp->ki_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
408				if (ptr == NULL)
409					ptr = "-";
410				(void)printf("\t\t%-9d %s\n",
411				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
412			}
413		}
414		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s ",
415		    W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
416		    W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
417		    *ep->utmp.ut_line ?
418		    (strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
419		    strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
420		    ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3) : "-",
421		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
422		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
423		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
424		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
425		(void)printf("%.*s\n", argwidth - longidle - longattime,
426		    ep->args);
427	}
428	(void)kvm_close(kd);
429	exit(0);
430}
431
432static void
433pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
434{
435	double avenrun[3];
436	time_t uptime;
437	struct timespec tp;
438	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
439	char buf[256];
440
441	/*
442	 * Print time of day.
443	 */
444	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
445	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
446		(void)printf("%s ", buf);
447	/*
448	 * Print how long system has been up.
449	 */
450	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &tp) != -1) {
451		uptime = tp.tv_sec;
452		if (uptime > 60)
453			uptime += 30;
454		days = uptime / 86400;
455		uptime %= 86400;
456		hrs = uptime / 3600;
457		uptime %= 3600;
458		mins = uptime / 60;
459		secs = uptime % 60;
460		(void)printf(" up");
461		if (days > 0)
462			(void)printf(" %d day%s,", days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
463		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
464			(void)printf(" %2d:%02d,", hrs, mins);
465		else if (hrs > 0)
466			(void)printf(" %d hr%s,", hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
467		else if (mins > 0)
468			(void)printf(" %d min%s,", mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
469		else
470			(void)printf(" %d sec%s,", secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
471	}
472
473	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
474	(void)printf(" %d user%s", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
475
476	/*
477	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
478	 */
479	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
480		(void)printf(", no load average information available\n");
481	else {
482		(void)printf(", load averages:");
483		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
484			if (use_comma && i > 0)
485				(void)printf(",");
486			(void)printf(" %.2f", avenrun[i]);
487		}
488		(void)printf("\n");
489	}
490}
491
492static struct stat *
493ttystat(char *line)
494{
495	static struct stat sb;
496	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
497
498	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
499	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
500		return (&sb);
501	} else
502		return (NULL);
503}
504
505static void
506usage(int wcmd)
507{
508	if (wcmd)
509		(void)fprintf(stderr,
510		    "usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
511	else
512		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: uptime\n");
513	exit(1);
514}
515
516static int
517this_is_uptime(const char *s)
518{
519	const char *u;
520
521	if ((u = strrchr(s, '/')) != NULL)
522		++u;
523	else
524		u = s;
525	if (strcmp(u, "uptime") == 0)
526		return (0);
527	return (-1);
528}
529