w.c revision 200172 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34#include <sys/cdefs.h>
35
36__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/w/w.c 200172 2009-12-06 01:10:30Z ed $");
37
38#ifndef lint
39static const char copyright[] =
40"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
41	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
42#endif
43
44#ifndef lint
45static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)w.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/16/94";
46#endif
47
48/*
49 * w - print system status (who and what)
50 *
51 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
52 *
53 */
54#include <sys/param.h>
55#include <sys/time.h>
56#include <sys/stat.h>
57#include <sys/sysctl.h>
58#include <sys/proc.h>
59#include <sys/user.h>
60#include <sys/ioctl.h>
61#include <sys/socket.h>
62#include <sys/tty.h>
63
64#include <machine/cpu.h>
65#include <netinet/in.h>
66#include <arpa/inet.h>
67#include <arpa/nameser.h>
68
69#include <ctype.h>
70#include <err.h>
71#include <errno.h>
72#include <fcntl.h>
73#include <kvm.h>
74#include <langinfo.h>
75#include <libutil.h>
76#include <limits.h>
77#include <locale.h>
78#include <netdb.h>
79#include <nlist.h>
80#include <paths.h>
81#include <resolv.h>
82#include <stdio.h>
83#include <stdlib.h>
84#include <string.h>
85#include <timeconv.h>
86#define	_ULOG_POSIX_NAMES
87#include <ulog.h>
88#include <unistd.h>
89#include <vis.h>
90
91#include "extern.h"
92
93struct timeval	boottime;
94struct utmpx   *utmp;
95struct winsize	ws;
96kvm_t	       *kd;
97time_t		now;		/* the current time of day */
98int		ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
99int		argwidth;	/* width of tty */
100int		header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
101int		nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
102int		dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
103int		sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
104int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
105int             use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
106char	      **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
107
108/*
109 * One of these per active utmp entry.
110 */
111struct	entry {
112	struct	entry *next;
113	struct	utmpx utmp;
114	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
115	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
116	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
117	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
118	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
119} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
120
121#define	debugproc(p) *((struct kinfo_proc **)&(p)->ki_udata)
122
123#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
124#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
125#define	W_DISPHOSTSIZE	24
126
127static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
128static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
129static void		 usage(int);
130static int		 this_is_uptime(const char *s);
131
132char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, int);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
133
134int
135main(int argc, char *argv[])
136{
137	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
138	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
139	struct stat *stp;
140	time_t touched;
141	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime, dropgid;
142	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p;
143	char *x_suffix;
144	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
145	char fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
146	char *dot;
147
148	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
149	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
150	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
151
152	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
153	if (this_is_uptime(argv[0]) == 0) {
154		wcmd = 0;
155		p = "";
156	} else {
157		wcmd = 1;
158		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
159	}
160
161	dropgid = 0;
162	memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
163	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
164		switch (ch) {
165		case 'd':
166			dflag = 1;
167			break;
168		case 'h':
169			header = 0;
170			break;
171		case 'i':
172			sortidle = 1;
173			break;
174		case 'M':
175			header = 0;
176			memf = optarg;
177			dropgid = 1;
178			break;
179		case 'N':
180			nlistf = optarg;
181			dropgid = 1;
182			break;
183		case 'n':
184			nflag = 1;
185			break;
186		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
187			warnx("[-flsuw] no longer supported");
188			/* FALLTHROUGH */
189		case '?':
190		default:
191			usage(wcmd);
192		}
193	argc -= optind;
194	argv += optind;
195
196	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
197		res_init();
198	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
199	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
200
201	/*
202	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
203	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
204	 */
205	if (dropgid)
206		setgid(getgid());
207
208	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
209		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
210
211	(void)time(&now);
212
213	if (*argv)
214		sel_users = argv;
215
216	setutxent();
217	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
218		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
219			continue;
220		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
221			continue;	/* corrupted record */
222		++nusers;
223		if (wcmd == 0)
224			continue;
225		if (sel_users) {
226			int usermatch;
227			char **user;
228
229			usermatch = 0;
230			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
231				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
232					usermatch = 1;
233			if (!usermatch)
234				continue;
235		}
236		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
237			errx(1, "calloc");
238		*nextp = ep;
239		nextp = &ep->next;
240		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
241		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
242		/*
243		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
244		 * the true console device dev_t.
245		 */
246		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
247			size_t size;
248
249			size = sizeof(dev_t);
250			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
251		}
252		touched = stp->st_atime;
253		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
254			/* tty untouched since before login */
255			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
256		}
257		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
258			ep->idle = 0;
259	}
260	endutxent();
261
262	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
263		pr_header(&now, nusers);
264		if (wcmd == 0) {
265			(void)kvm_close(kd);
266			exit(0);
267		}
268
269#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
270#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
271#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
272#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
273#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
274#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + W_DISPHOSTSIZE + \
275		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
276		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s  %s",
277				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
278				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
279				W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, HEADER_FROM,
280				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
281	}
282
283	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
284		err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
285	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
286		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB)
287			continue;
288		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
289			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
290				/*
291				 * proc is associated with this terminal
292				 */
293				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
294					/*
295					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
296					 */
297					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
298						ep->kp = kp;
299				}
300				/*
301				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
302				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
303				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
304				 * ptr = long assumption.
305				 */
306				dkp = ep->dkp;
307				ep->dkp = kp;
308				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
309			}
310		}
311	}
312	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
313	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
314	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
315	       ttywidth = 79;
316        else
317	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
318	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
319	if (argwidth < 4)
320		argwidth = 8;
321	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
322		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
323			ep->args = strdup("-");
324			continue;
325		}
326		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
327		    ep->kp->ki_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
328		if (ep->args == NULL)
329			err(1, NULL);
330	}
331	/* sort by idle time */
332	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
333		struct entry *from, *save;
334
335		from = ehead;
336		ehead = NULL;
337		while (from != NULL) {
338			for (nextp = &ehead;
339			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
340			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
341				continue;
342			save = from;
343			from = from->next;
344			save->next = *nextp;
345			*nextp = save;
346		}
347	}
348
349	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
350		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
351		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
352		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
353		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
354		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
355		time_t t;
356		int isaddr;
357
358		p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
359		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
360			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
361			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
362				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
363			else
364				x_suffix = NULL;
365		}
366
367		isaddr = 0;
368		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
369		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
370			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
371			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
372			isaddr = 1;
373		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
374			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
375			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
376			isaddr = 1;
377		}
378		if (!nflag) {
379			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
380			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
381			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
382				p = fn;
383		} else if (!isaddr) {
384			/*
385			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
386			 * name into an IP address
387			 */
388			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
389			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
390			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
391			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
392			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
393				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
394				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
395					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
396					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
397					p = fn;
398				freeaddrinfo(res);
399			}
400		}
401
402		if (x_suffix) {
403			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
404			p = buf;
405		}
406		if (dflag) {
407			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
408				const char *ptr;
409
410				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
411				    dkp->ki_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
412				if (ptr == NULL)
413					ptr = "-";
414				(void)printf("\t\t%-9d %s\n",
415				    dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
416			}
417		}
418		(void)printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s ",
419		    W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
420		    W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
421		    strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
422		    strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
423		    ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3,
424		    W_DISPHOSTSIZE, W_DISPHOSTSIZE, *p ? p : "-");
425		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
426		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
427		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
428		(void)printf("%.*s\n", argwidth - longidle - longattime,
429		    ep->args);
430	}
431	(void)kvm_close(kd);
432	exit(0);
433}
434
435static void
436pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
437{
438	double avenrun[3];
439	time_t uptime;
440	struct timespec tp;
441	int days, hrs, i, mins, secs;
442	char buf[256];
443
444	/*
445	 * Print time of day.
446	 */
447	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
448	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
449		(void)printf("%s ", buf);
450	/*
451	 * Print how long system has been up.
452	 */
453	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp) != -1) {
454		uptime = tp.tv_sec;
455		if (uptime > 60)
456			uptime += 30;
457		days = uptime / 86400;
458		uptime %= 86400;
459		hrs = uptime / 3600;
460		uptime %= 3600;
461		mins = uptime / 60;
462		secs = uptime % 60;
463		(void)printf(" up");
464		if (days > 0)
465			(void)printf(" %d day%s,", days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
466		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
467			(void)printf(" %2d:%02d,", hrs, mins);
468		else if (hrs > 0)
469			(void)printf(" %d hr%s,", hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
470		else if (mins > 0)
471			(void)printf(" %d min%s,", mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
472		else
473			(void)printf(" %d sec%s,", secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
474	}
475
476	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
477	(void)printf(" %d user%s", nusers, nusers == 1 ? "" : "s");
478
479	/*
480	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
481	 */
482	if (getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])) == -1)
483		(void)printf(", no load average information available\n");
484	else {
485		(void)printf(", load averages:");
486		for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(avenrun) / sizeof(avenrun[0])); i++) {
487			if (use_comma && i > 0)
488				(void)printf(",");
489			(void)printf(" %.2f", avenrun[i]);
490		}
491		(void)printf("\n");
492	}
493}
494
495static struct stat *
496ttystat(char *line)
497{
498	static struct stat sb;
499	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
500
501	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
502	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0) {
503		return (&sb);
504	} else
505		return (NULL);
506}
507
508static void
509usage(int wcmd)
510{
511	if (wcmd)
512		(void)fprintf(stderr,
513		    "usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
514	else
515		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: uptime\n");
516	exit(1);
517}
518
519static int
520this_is_uptime(const char *s)
521{
522	const char *u;
523
524	if ((u = strrchr(s, '/')) != NULL)
525		++u;
526	else
527		u = s;
528	if (strcmp(u, "uptime") == 0)
529		return (0);
530	return (-1);
531}
532