The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGE.
@(#)ctags.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
$FreeBSD: releng/11.0/usr.bin/ctags/ctags.1 216370 2010-12-11 08:32:16Z joel $
.Dd June 6, 1993 .Dt CTAGS 1 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm ctags .Nd create a
a tags file .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl BFTaduwvx .Op Fl f Ar tagsfile .Ar .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility makes a
a tags file for .Xr ex 1 from the specified C, Pascal, Fortran, .Xr yacc 1 , .Xr lex 1 , and Lisp sources. A tags file gives the locations of specified objects in a group of files. Each line of the tags file contains the object name, the file in which it is defined, and a search pattern for the object definition, separated by white-space. Using the
a tags file, .Xr ex 1 can quickly locate these object definitions. Depending upon the options provided to .Nm , objects will consist of subroutines, typedefs, defines, structs, enums and unions.
p The following options are available: l -tag -width indent t Fl B Use backward searching patterns
q Li ?...? . t Fl F Use forward searching patterns
q Li /.../ (the default). t Fl T Do not create tags for typedefs, structs, unions, and enums. t Fl a Append to
a tags file. t Fl d Create tags for .Li #defines that do not take arguments; .Li #defines that take arguments are tagged automatically. t Fl f Place the tag descriptions in a file called .Ar tagsfile . The default behaviour is to place them in a file called
a tags . t Fl u Update the specified files in the
a tags file, that is, all references to them are deleted, and the new values are appended to the file. (Beware: this option is implemented in a way which is rather slow; it is usually faster to simply rebuild the
a tags file.) t Fl v An index of the form expected by .Xr vgrind 1 is produced on the standard output. This listing contains the object name, file name, and page number (assuming 64 line pages). Since the output will be sorted into lexicographic order, it may be desired to run the output through .Xr sort 1 . Sample use: d -literal -offset indent ctags -v files | sort -f > index vgrind -x index .Ed t Fl w Suppress warning diagnostics. t Fl x .Nm produces a list of object names, the line number and file name on which each is defined, as well as the text of that line and prints this on the standard output. This is a simple index which can be printed out as an off-line readable function index. .El
p Files whose names end in
a .c or
a .h are assumed to be C source files and are searched for C style routine and macro definitions. Files whose names end in
a .y are assumed to be .Xr yacc 1 source files. Files whose names end in
a .l are assumed to be Lisp files if their first non-blank character is .Ql ; , .Ql ( , or .Ql [ , otherwise, they are treated as .Xr lex 1 files. Other files are first examined to see if they contain any Pascal or Fortran routine definitions, and, if not, are searched for C style definitions.
p The tag .Dq Li main is treated specially in C programs. The tag formed is created by prepending .Ql M to the name of the file, with the trailing
a .c and any leading pathname components removed. This makes use of .Nm practical in directories with more than one program.
p The .Xr yacc 1 and .Xr lex 1 files each have a special tag. .Dq Li yyparse is the start of the second section of the .Xr yacc 1 file, and .Dq Li yylex is the start of the second section of the .Xr lex 1 file. .Sh FILES l -tag -width ".Pa tags" -compact t Pa tags default output tags file .El .Sh EXIT STATUS The .Nm utility exits with a value of 1 if an error occurred, 0 otherwise. Duplicate objects are not considered errors. .Sh COMPATIBILITY The .Fl t option is a no-op for compatibility with previous versions of .Nm that did not create tags for typedefs, enums, structs and unions by default. .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr ex 1 , .Xr vi 1 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm utility conforms to .St -p1003.1-2001 . .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility appeared in x 3.0 . .Sh BUGS Recognition of functions, subroutines and procedures for Fortran and Pascal is done in a very simpleminded way. No attempt is made to deal with block structure; if you have two Pascal procedures in different blocks with the same name you lose. The .Nm utility does not understand about Pascal types.
p The method of deciding whether to look for C, Pascal or Fortran functions is a hack.
p The .Nm utility relies on the input being well formed, and any syntactical errors will completely confuse it. It also finds some legal syntax confusing; for example, since it does not understand .Li #ifdef Ns 's (incidentally, that is a feature, not a bug), any code with unbalanced braces inside .Li #ifdef Ns 's will cause it to become somewhat disoriented. In a similar fashion, multiple line changes within a definition will cause it to enter the last line of the object, rather than the first, as the searching pattern. The last line of multiple line .Li typedef Ns 's will similarly be noted.