kern_tc.c revision 37555
1static volatile int print_tci = 1;
2
3/*-
4 * Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Poul-Henning Kamp <phk@FreeBSD.org>
5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
6 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
12 *
13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
15 * are met:
16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
22 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
23 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
24 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
27 *    without specific prior written permission.
28 *
29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
32 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
39 * SUCH DAMAGE.
40 *
41 *	@(#)kern_clock.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
42 * $Id: kern_clock.c,v 1.76 1998/07/04 19:29:15 phk Exp $
43 */
44
45#include <sys/param.h>
46#include <sys/systm.h>
47#include <sys/dkstat.h>
48#include <sys/callout.h>
49#include <sys/kernel.h>
50#include <sys/proc.h>
51#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
52#include <sys/signalvar.h>
53#include <sys/timex.h>
54#include <vm/vm.h>
55#include <sys/lock.h>
56#include <vm/pmap.h>
57#include <vm/vm_map.h>
58#include <sys/sysctl.h>
59
60#include <machine/cpu.h>
61#include <machine/limits.h>
62
63#ifdef GPROF
64#include <sys/gmon.h>
65#endif
66
67#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
68#include <machine/smp.h>
69#endif
70
71static void initclocks __P((void *dummy));
72SYSINIT(clocks, SI_SUB_CLOCKS, SI_ORDER_FIRST, initclocks, NULL)
73
74static void tco_forward __P((void));
75static void tco_setscales __P((struct timecounter *tc));
76static __inline unsigned tco_delta __P((struct timecounter *tc));
77
78/* Some of these don't belong here, but it's easiest to concentrate them. */
79#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
80long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
81#else
82static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
83#endif
84long dk_seek[DK_NDRIVE];
85static long dk_time[DK_NDRIVE];	/* time busy (in statclock ticks) */
86long dk_wds[DK_NDRIVE];
87long dk_wpms[DK_NDRIVE];
88long dk_xfer[DK_NDRIVE];
89
90int dk_busy;
91int dk_ndrive = 0;
92char dk_names[DK_NDRIVE][DK_NAMELEN];
93
94long tk_cancc;
95long tk_nin;
96long tk_nout;
97long tk_rawcc;
98
99struct timecounter *timecounter;
100
101time_t time_second;
102
103/*
104 * Clock handling routines.
105 *
106 * This code is written to operate with two timers that run independently of
107 * each other.
108 *
109 * The main timer, running hz times per second, is used to trigger interval
110 * timers, timeouts and rescheduling as needed.
111 *
112 * The second timer handles kernel and user profiling,
113 * and does resource use estimation.  If the second timer is programmable,
114 * it is randomized to avoid aliasing between the two clocks.  For example,
115 * the randomization prevents an adversary from always giving up the cpu
116 * just before its quantum expires.  Otherwise, it would never accumulate
117 * cpu ticks.  The mean frequency of the second timer is stathz.
118 *
119 * If no second timer exists, stathz will be zero; in this case we drive
120 * profiling and statistics off the main clock.  This WILL NOT be accurate;
121 * do not do it unless absolutely necessary.
122 *
123 * The statistics clock may (or may not) be run at a higher rate while
124 * profiling.  This profile clock runs at profhz.  We require that profhz
125 * be an integral multiple of stathz.
126 *
127 * If the statistics clock is running fast, it must be divided by the ratio
128 * profhz/stathz for statistics.  (For profiling, every tick counts.)
129 *
130 * Time-of-day is maintained using a "timecounter", which may or may
131 * not be related to the hardware generating the above mentioned
132 * interrupts.
133 */
134
135int	stathz;
136int	profhz;
137static int profprocs;
138int	ticks;
139static int psdiv, pscnt;		/* prof => stat divider */
140int	psratio;			/* ratio: prof / stat */
141
142/*
143 * Initialize clock frequencies and start both clocks running.
144 */
145/* ARGSUSED*/
146static void
147initclocks(dummy)
148	void *dummy;
149{
150	register int i;
151
152	/*
153	 * Set divisors to 1 (normal case) and let the machine-specific
154	 * code do its bit.
155	 */
156	psdiv = pscnt = 1;
157	cpu_initclocks();
158
159	/*
160	 * Compute profhz/stathz, and fix profhz if needed.
161	 */
162	i = stathz ? stathz : hz;
163	if (profhz == 0)
164		profhz = i;
165	psratio = profhz / i;
166}
167
168/*
169 * The real-time timer, interrupting hz times per second.
170 */
171void
172hardclock(frame)
173	register struct clockframe *frame;
174{
175	register struct proc *p;
176
177	p = curproc;
178	if (p) {
179		register struct pstats *pstats;
180
181		/*
182		 * Run current process's virtual and profile time, as needed.
183		 */
184		pstats = p->p_stats;
185		if (CLKF_USERMODE(frame) &&
186		    timevalisset(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL].it_value) &&
187		    itimerdecr(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL], tick) == 0)
188			psignal(p, SIGVTALRM);
189		if (timevalisset(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_PROF].it_value) &&
190		    itimerdecr(&pstats->p_timer[ITIMER_PROF], tick) == 0)
191			psignal(p, SIGPROF);
192	}
193
194#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
195	forward_hardclock(pscnt);
196#endif
197
198	/*
199	 * If no separate statistics clock is available, run it from here.
200	 */
201	if (stathz == 0)
202		statclock(frame);
203
204	tco_forward();
205	ticks++;
206
207	/*
208	 * Process callouts at a very low cpu priority, so we don't keep the
209	 * relatively high clock interrupt priority any longer than necessary.
210	 */
211	if (TAILQ_FIRST(&callwheel[ticks & callwheelmask]) != NULL) {
212		if (CLKF_BASEPRI(frame)) {
213			/*
214			 * Save the overhead of a software interrupt;
215			 * it will happen as soon as we return, so do it now.
216			 */
217			(void)splsoftclock();
218			softclock();
219		} else
220			setsoftclock();
221	} else if (softticks + 1 == ticks)
222		++softticks;
223}
224
225/*
226 * Compute number of ticks in the specified amount of time.
227 */
228int
229tvtohz(tv)
230	struct timeval *tv;
231{
232	register unsigned long ticks;
233	register long sec, usec;
234
235	/*
236	 * If the number of usecs in the whole seconds part of the time
237	 * difference fits in a long, then the total number of usecs will
238	 * fit in an unsigned long.  Compute the total and convert it to
239	 * ticks, rounding up and adding 1 to allow for the current tick
240	 * to expire.  Rounding also depends on unsigned long arithmetic
241	 * to avoid overflow.
242	 *
243	 * Otherwise, if the number of ticks in the whole seconds part of
244	 * the time difference fits in a long, then convert the parts to
245	 * ticks separately and add, using similar rounding methods and
246	 * overflow avoidance.  This method would work in the previous
247	 * case but it is slightly slower and assumes that hz is integral.
248	 *
249	 * Otherwise, round the time difference down to the maximum
250	 * representable value.
251	 *
252	 * If ints have 32 bits, then the maximum value for any timeout in
253	 * 10ms ticks is 248 days.
254	 */
255	sec = tv->tv_sec;
256	usec = tv->tv_usec;
257	if (usec < 0) {
258		sec--;
259		usec += 1000000;
260	}
261	if (sec < 0) {
262#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
263		if (usec > 0) {
264			sec++;
265			usec -= 1000000;
266		}
267		printf("tvotohz: negative time difference %ld sec %ld usec\n",
268		       sec, usec);
269#endif
270		ticks = 1;
271	} else if (sec <= LONG_MAX / 1000000)
272		ticks = (sec * 1000000 + (unsigned long)usec + (tick - 1))
273			/ tick + 1;
274	else if (sec <= LONG_MAX / hz)
275		ticks = sec * hz
276			+ ((unsigned long)usec + (tick - 1)) / tick + 1;
277	else
278		ticks = LONG_MAX;
279	if (ticks > INT_MAX)
280		ticks = INT_MAX;
281	return (ticks);
282}
283
284
285/*
286 * Compute number of hz until specified time.  Used to
287 * compute third argument to timeout() from an absolute time.
288 */
289int
290hzto(tv)
291	struct timeval *tv;
292{
293	struct timeval t2;
294
295	getmicrotime(&t2);
296	t2.tv_sec = tv->tv_sec - t2.tv_sec;
297	t2.tv_usec = tv->tv_usec - t2.tv_usec;
298	return (tvtohz(&t2));
299}
300
301/*
302 * Start profiling on a process.
303 *
304 * Kernel profiling passes proc0 which never exits and hence
305 * keeps the profile clock running constantly.
306 */
307void
308startprofclock(p)
309	register struct proc *p;
310{
311	int s;
312
313	if ((p->p_flag & P_PROFIL) == 0) {
314		p->p_flag |= P_PROFIL;
315		if (++profprocs == 1 && stathz != 0) {
316			s = splstatclock();
317			psdiv = pscnt = psratio;
318			setstatclockrate(profhz);
319			splx(s);
320		}
321	}
322}
323
324/*
325 * Stop profiling on a process.
326 */
327void
328stopprofclock(p)
329	register struct proc *p;
330{
331	int s;
332
333	if (p->p_flag & P_PROFIL) {
334		p->p_flag &= ~P_PROFIL;
335		if (--profprocs == 0 && stathz != 0) {
336			s = splstatclock();
337			psdiv = pscnt = 1;
338			setstatclockrate(stathz);
339			splx(s);
340		}
341	}
342}
343
344/*
345 * Statistics clock.  Grab profile sample, and if divider reaches 0,
346 * do process and kernel statistics.
347 */
348void
349statclock(frame)
350	register struct clockframe *frame;
351{
352#ifdef GPROF
353	register struct gmonparam *g;
354#endif
355	register struct proc *p;
356	register int i;
357	struct pstats *pstats;
358	long rss;
359	struct rusage *ru;
360	struct vmspace *vm;
361
362	if (CLKF_USERMODE(frame)) {
363		p = curproc;
364		if (p->p_flag & P_PROFIL)
365			addupc_intr(p, CLKF_PC(frame), 1);
366#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
367		if (stathz != 0)
368			forward_statclock(pscnt);
369#endif
370		if (--pscnt > 0)
371			return;
372		/*
373		 * Came from user mode; CPU was in user state.
374		 * If this process is being profiled record the tick.
375		 */
376		p->p_uticks++;
377		if (p->p_nice > NZERO)
378			cp_time[CP_NICE]++;
379		else
380			cp_time[CP_USER]++;
381	} else {
382#ifdef GPROF
383		/*
384		 * Kernel statistics are just like addupc_intr, only easier.
385		 */
386		g = &_gmonparam;
387		if (g->state == GMON_PROF_ON) {
388			i = CLKF_PC(frame) - g->lowpc;
389			if (i < g->textsize) {
390				i /= HISTFRACTION * sizeof(*g->kcount);
391				g->kcount[i]++;
392			}
393		}
394#endif
395#if defined(SMP) && defined(BETTER_CLOCK)
396		if (stathz != 0)
397			forward_statclock(pscnt);
398#endif
399		if (--pscnt > 0)
400			return;
401		/*
402		 * Came from kernel mode, so we were:
403		 * - handling an interrupt,
404		 * - doing syscall or trap work on behalf of the current
405		 *   user process, or
406		 * - spinning in the idle loop.
407		 * Whichever it is, charge the time as appropriate.
408		 * Note that we charge interrupts to the current process,
409		 * regardless of whether they are ``for'' that process,
410		 * so that we know how much of its real time was spent
411		 * in ``non-process'' (i.e., interrupt) work.
412		 */
413		p = curproc;
414		if (CLKF_INTR(frame)) {
415			if (p != NULL)
416				p->p_iticks++;
417			cp_time[CP_INTR]++;
418		} else if (p != NULL) {
419			p->p_sticks++;
420			cp_time[CP_SYS]++;
421		} else
422			cp_time[CP_IDLE]++;
423	}
424	pscnt = psdiv;
425
426	/*
427	 * We maintain statistics shown by user-level statistics
428	 * programs:  the amount of time in each cpu state, and
429	 * the amount of time each of DK_NDRIVE ``drives'' is busy.
430	 *
431	 * XXX	should either run linked list of drives, or (better)
432	 *	grab timestamps in the start & done code.
433	 */
434	for (i = 0; i < DK_NDRIVE; i++)
435		if (dk_busy & (1 << i))
436			dk_time[i]++;
437
438	/*
439	 * We adjust the priority of the current process.  The priority of
440	 * a process gets worse as it accumulates CPU time.  The cpu usage
441	 * estimator (p_estcpu) is increased here.  The formula for computing
442	 * priorities (in kern_synch.c) will compute a different value each
443	 * time p_estcpu increases by 4.  The cpu usage estimator ramps up
444	 * quite quickly when the process is running (linearly), and decays
445	 * away exponentially, at a rate which is proportionally slower when
446	 * the system is busy.  The basic principal is that the system will
447	 * 90% forget that the process used a lot of CPU time in 5 * loadav
448	 * seconds.  This causes the system to favor processes which haven't
449	 * run much recently, and to round-robin among other processes.
450	 */
451	if (p != NULL) {
452		p->p_cpticks++;
453		if (++p->p_estcpu == 0)
454			p->p_estcpu--;
455		if ((p->p_estcpu & 3) == 0) {
456			resetpriority(p);
457			if (p->p_priority >= PUSER)
458				p->p_priority = p->p_usrpri;
459		}
460
461		/* Update resource usage integrals and maximums. */
462		if ((pstats = p->p_stats) != NULL &&
463		    (ru = &pstats->p_ru) != NULL &&
464		    (vm = p->p_vmspace) != NULL) {
465			ru->ru_ixrss += vm->vm_tsize * PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
466			ru->ru_idrss += vm->vm_dsize * PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
467			ru->ru_isrss += vm->vm_ssize * PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
468			rss = vm->vm_pmap.pm_stats.resident_count *
469			      PAGE_SIZE / 1024;
470			if (ru->ru_maxrss < rss)
471				ru->ru_maxrss = rss;
472        	}
473	}
474}
475
476/*
477 * Return information about system clocks.
478 */
479static int
480sysctl_kern_clockrate SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
481{
482	struct clockinfo clkinfo;
483	/*
484	 * Construct clockinfo structure.
485	 */
486	clkinfo.hz = hz;
487	clkinfo.tick = tick;
488	clkinfo.tickadj = tickadj;
489	clkinfo.profhz = profhz;
490	clkinfo.stathz = stathz ? stathz : hz;
491	return (sysctl_handle_opaque(oidp, &clkinfo, sizeof clkinfo, req));
492}
493
494SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_CLOCKRATE, clockrate, CTLTYPE_STRUCT|CTLFLAG_RD,
495	0, 0, sysctl_kern_clockrate, "S,clockinfo","");
496
497static __inline unsigned
498tco_delta(struct timecounter *tc)
499{
500
501	return ((tc->tc_get_timecount(tc) - tc->tc_offset_count) &
502	    tc->tc_counter_mask);
503}
504
505/*
506 * We have four functions for looking at the clock, two for microseconds
507 * and two for nanoseconds.  For each there is fast but less precise
508 * version "get{nano|micro}time" which will return a time which is up
509 * to 1/HZ previous to the call, whereas the raw version "{nano|micro}time"
510 * will return a timestamp which is as precise as possible.
511 */
512
513void
514getmicrotime(struct timeval *tvp)
515{
516	struct timecounter *tc;
517
518	tc = timecounter;
519	*tvp = tc->tc_microtime;
520}
521
522void
523getnanotime(struct timespec *tsp)
524{
525	struct timecounter *tc;
526
527	tc = timecounter;
528	*tsp = tc->tc_nanotime;
529}
530
531void
532microtime(struct timeval *tv)
533{
534	struct timecounter *tc;
535
536	tc = (struct timecounter *)timecounter;
537	tv->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
538	tv->tv_usec = tc->tc_offset_micro;
539	tv->tv_usec += ((u_int64_t)tco_delta(tc) * tc->tc_scale_micro) >> 32;
540	tv->tv_usec += boottime.tv_usec;
541	tv->tv_sec += boottime.tv_sec;
542	while (tv->tv_usec >= 1000000) {
543		tv->tv_usec -= 1000000;
544		tv->tv_sec++;
545	}
546}
547
548void
549nanotime(struct timespec *ts)
550{
551	unsigned count;
552	u_int64_t delta;
553	struct timecounter *tc;
554
555	tc = (struct timecounter *)timecounter;
556	ts->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
557	count = tco_delta(tc);
558	delta = tc->tc_offset_nano;
559	delta += ((u_int64_t)count * tc->tc_scale_nano_f);
560	delta >>= 32;
561	delta += ((u_int64_t)count * tc->tc_scale_nano_i);
562	delta += boottime.tv_usec * 1000;
563	ts->tv_sec += boottime.tv_sec;
564	while (delta >= 1000000000) {
565		delta -= 1000000000;
566		ts->tv_sec++;
567	}
568	ts->tv_nsec = delta;
569}
570
571void
572timecounter_timespec(unsigned count, struct timespec *ts)
573{
574	u_int64_t delta;
575	struct timecounter *tc;
576
577	tc = (struct timecounter *)timecounter;
578	ts->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
579	count -= tc->tc_offset_count;
580	count &= tc->tc_counter_mask;
581	delta = tc->tc_offset_nano;
582	delta += ((u_int64_t)count * tc->tc_scale_nano_f);
583	delta >>= 32;
584	delta += ((u_int64_t)count * tc->tc_scale_nano_i);
585	delta += boottime.tv_usec * 1000;
586	ts->tv_sec += boottime.tv_sec;
587	while (delta >= 1000000000) {
588		delta -= 1000000000;
589		ts->tv_sec++;
590	}
591	ts->tv_nsec = delta;
592}
593
594void
595getmicrouptime(struct timeval *tvp)
596{
597	struct timecounter *tc;
598
599	tc = timecounter;
600	tvp->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
601	tvp->tv_usec = tc->tc_offset_micro;
602}
603
604void
605getnanouptime(struct timespec *tsp)
606{
607	struct timecounter *tc;
608
609	tc = timecounter;
610	tsp->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
611	tsp->tv_nsec = tc->tc_offset_nano >> 32;
612}
613
614void
615microuptime(struct timeval *tv)
616{
617	struct timecounter *tc;
618
619	tc = (struct timecounter *)timecounter;
620	tv->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
621	tv->tv_usec = tc->tc_offset_micro;
622	tv->tv_usec += ((u_int64_t)tco_delta(tc) * tc->tc_scale_micro) >> 32;
623	if (tv->tv_usec >= 1000000) {
624		tv->tv_usec -= 1000000;
625		tv->tv_sec++;
626	}
627}
628
629void
630nanouptime(struct timespec *tv)
631{
632	unsigned count;
633	u_int64_t delta;
634	struct timecounter *tc;
635
636	tc = (struct timecounter *)timecounter;
637	tv->tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec;
638	count = tco_delta(tc);
639	delta = tc->tc_offset_nano;
640	delta += ((u_int64_t)count * tc->tc_scale_nano_f);
641	delta >>= 32;
642	delta += ((u_int64_t)count * tc->tc_scale_nano_i);
643	if (delta >= 1000000000) {
644		delta -= 1000000000;
645		tv->tv_sec++;
646	}
647	tv->tv_nsec = delta;
648}
649
650static void
651tco_setscales(struct timecounter *tc)
652{
653	u_int64_t scale;
654
655	scale = 1000000000LL << 32;
656	if (tc->tc_adjustment > 0)
657		scale += (tc->tc_adjustment * 1000LL) << 10;
658	else
659		scale -= (-tc->tc_adjustment * 1000LL) << 10;
660	scale /= tc->tc_frequency;
661	tc->tc_scale_micro = scale / 1000;
662	tc->tc_scale_nano_f = scale & 0xffffffff;
663	tc->tc_scale_nano_i = scale >> 32;
664}
665
666void
667init_timecounter(struct timecounter *tc)
668{
669	struct timespec ts0, ts1;
670	int i;
671
672	tc->tc_adjustment = 0;
673	tco_setscales(tc);
674	tc->tc_offset_count = tc->tc_get_timecount(tc);
675	tc[0].tc_tweak = &tc[0];
676	tc[2] = tc[1] = tc[0];
677	tc[1].tc_other = &tc[2];
678	tc[2].tc_other = &tc[1];
679	if (!timecounter || !strcmp(timecounter->tc_name, "dummy"))
680		timecounter = &tc[2];
681	tc = &tc[1];
682
683	/*
684	 * Figure out the cost of calling this timecounter.
685	 */
686	nanotime(&ts0);
687	for (i = 0; i < 256; i ++)
688		tc->tc_get_timecount(tc);
689	nanotime(&ts1);
690	ts1.tv_sec -= ts0.tv_sec;
691	tc->tc_cost = ts1.tv_sec * 1000000000 + ts1.tv_nsec - ts0.tv_nsec;
692	tc->tc_cost >>= 8;
693	if (print_tci && strcmp(tc->tc_name, "dummy"))
694		printf("Timecounter \"%s\"  frequency %lu Hz  cost %u ns\n",
695		    tc->tc_name, (u_long)tc->tc_frequency, tc->tc_cost);
696
697	/* XXX: For now always start using the counter. */
698	tc->tc_offset_count = tc->tc_get_timecount(tc);
699	nanouptime(&ts1);
700	tc->tc_offset_nano = (u_int64_t)ts1.tv_nsec << 32;
701	tc->tc_offset_micro = ts1.tv_nsec / 1000;
702	tc->tc_offset_sec = ts1.tv_sec;
703	timecounter = tc;
704}
705
706void
707set_timecounter(struct timespec *ts)
708{
709	struct timespec ts2;
710
711	nanouptime(&ts2);
712	boottime.tv_sec = ts->tv_sec - ts2.tv_sec;
713	boottime.tv_usec = (ts->tv_nsec - ts2.tv_nsec) / 1000;
714	if (boottime.tv_usec < 0) {
715		boottime.tv_usec += 1000000;
716		boottime.tv_sec--;
717	}
718	/* fiddle all the little crinkly bits around the fiords... */
719	tco_forward();
720}
721
722
723#if 0 /* Currently unused */
724void
725switch_timecounter(struct timecounter *newtc)
726{
727	int s;
728	struct timecounter *tc;
729	struct timespec ts;
730
731	s = splclock();
732	tc = timecounter;
733	if (newtc == tc || newtc == tc->tc_other) {
734		splx(s);
735		return;
736	}
737	nanouptime(&ts);
738	newtc->tc_offset_sec = ts.tv_sec;
739	newtc->tc_offset_nano = (u_int64_t)ts.tv_nsec << 32;
740	newtc->tc_offset_micro = ts.tv_nsec / 1000;
741	newtc->tc_offset_count = newtc->tc_get_timecount(newtc);
742	timecounter = newtc;
743	splx(s);
744}
745#endif
746
747static struct timecounter *
748sync_other_counter(void)
749{
750	struct timecounter *tc, *tcn, *tco;
751	unsigned delta;
752
753	tco = timecounter;
754	tc = tco->tc_other;
755	tcn = tc->tc_other;
756	*tc = *tco;
757	tc->tc_other = tcn;
758	delta = tco_delta(tc);
759	tc->tc_offset_count += delta;
760	tc->tc_offset_count &= tc->tc_counter_mask;
761	tc->tc_offset_nano += (u_int64_t)delta * tc->tc_scale_nano_f;
762	tc->tc_offset_nano += (u_int64_t)delta * tc->tc_scale_nano_i << 32;
763	return (tc);
764}
765
766static void
767tco_forward(void)
768{
769	struct timecounter *tc, *tco;
770
771	tco = timecounter;
772	tc = sync_other_counter();
773	/*
774	 * We may be inducing a tiny error here, the tc_poll_pps() may
775	 * process a latched count which happens after the tco_delta()
776	 * in sync_other_counter(), which would extend the previous
777	 * counters parameters into the domain of this new one.
778	 * Since the timewindow is very small for this, the error is
779	 * going to be only a few weenieseconds (as Dave Mills would
780	 * say), so lets just not talk more about it, OK ?
781	 */
782	if (tco->tc_poll_pps)
783		tco->tc_poll_pps(tco);
784	if (timedelta != 0) {
785		tc->tc_offset_nano += (u_int64_t)(tickdelta * 1000) << 32;
786		timedelta -= tickdelta;
787	}
788
789	while (tc->tc_offset_nano >= 1000000000ULL << 32) {
790		tc->tc_offset_nano -= 1000000000ULL << 32;
791		tc->tc_offset_sec++;
792		tc->tc_frequency = tc->tc_tweak->tc_frequency;
793		tc->tc_adjustment = tc->tc_tweak->tc_adjustment;
794		ntp_update_second(tc);	/* XXX only needed if xntpd runs */
795		tco_setscales(tc);
796	}
797
798	tc->tc_offset_micro = (tc->tc_offset_nano / 1000) >> 32;
799
800	/* Figure out the wall-clock time */
801	tc->tc_nanotime.tv_sec = tc->tc_offset_sec + boottime.tv_sec;
802	tc->tc_nanotime.tv_nsec =
803	    (tc->tc_offset_nano >> 32) + boottime.tv_usec * 1000;
804	tc->tc_microtime.tv_usec = tc->tc_offset_micro + boottime.tv_usec;
805	if (tc->tc_nanotime.tv_nsec >= 1000000000) {
806		tc->tc_nanotime.tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
807		tc->tc_microtime.tv_usec -= 1000000;
808		tc->tc_nanotime.tv_sec++;
809	}
810	time_second = tc->tc_microtime.tv_sec = tc->tc_nanotime.tv_sec;
811
812	timecounter = tc;
813}
814
815static int
816sysctl_kern_timecounter_frequency SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
817{
818
819	return (sysctl_handle_opaque(oidp,
820	    &timecounter->tc_tweak->tc_frequency,
821	    sizeof(timecounter->tc_tweak->tc_frequency), req));
822}
823
824static int
825sysctl_kern_timecounter_adjustment SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS
826{
827
828	return (sysctl_handle_opaque(oidp,
829	    &timecounter->tc_tweak->tc_adjustment,
830	    sizeof(timecounter->tc_tweak->tc_adjustment), req));
831}
832
833SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, timecounter, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "");
834
835SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_timecounter, OID_AUTO, frequency, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW,
836    0, sizeof(u_int), sysctl_kern_timecounter_frequency, "I", "");
837
838SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_timecounter, OID_AUTO, adjustment, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW,
839    0, sizeof(int), sysctl_kern_timecounter_adjustment, "I", "");
840
841/*
842 * Implement a dummy timecounter which we can use until we get a real one
843 * in the air.  This allows the console and other early stuff to use
844 * timeservices.
845 */
846
847static unsigned
848dummy_get_timecount(struct timecounter *tc)
849{
850	static unsigned now;
851	return (++now);
852}
853
854static struct timecounter dummy_timecounter[3] = {
855	{
856		dummy_get_timecount,
857		0,
858		~0u,
859		1000000,
860		"dummy"
861	}
862};
863
864static void
865initdummytimecounter(void *dummy)
866{
867	init_timecounter(dummy_timecounter);
868}
869
870SYSINIT(dummytc, SI_SUB_CONSOLE, SI_ORDER_FIRST, initdummytimecounter, NULL)
871