asia revision 75267
1# @(#)asia 7.63 2 3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/asia 75267 2001-04-06 16:46:52Z wollman $ 4 5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 8 9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): 10# 11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 14# 15# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source 16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 19# of the IATA's data after 1990. 20# 21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 22# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 23# 24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 26# I found in the UCLA library. 27# 28# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 29# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 30# 31# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 32# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 33# Corrections are welcome! 34# std dst 35# LMT Local Mean Time 36# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 37# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 38# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 39# 4:00 GST Gulf* 40# 5:30 IST India 41# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 42# 8:00 CST China 43# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 44# 9:00 JST Japan 45# 9:00 KST Korea 46# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 47# 48# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 49 50# From Guy Harris: 51# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 52# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 53# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 54# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 55 56############################################################################### 57 58# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 59# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 60Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 61Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 62Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 63Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 64Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 65Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 66Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 67Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 68Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 69Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 70Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 71Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74 75# Afghanistan 76# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 77Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 78 4:00 - AFT 1945 79 4:30 - AFT 80 81# Armenia 82# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 83# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, 84# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997. 85# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 86# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 87# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 88# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 89# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 90# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 91Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 92 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 93 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 94 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 95 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 96 4:00 - AMT 1997 97 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 98 99# Azerbaijan 100# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 101Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S 102Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 - 103# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 104Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 105 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 106 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 107 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 108 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 109 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 110 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 111 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 112 113# Bahrain 114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 115Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 116 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 117 3:00 - AST 118 119# Bangladesh 120# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 121Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 122 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 123 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 124 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 125 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 126 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 127 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 128 129# Bhutan 130# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 131Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 132 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 133 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 134 135# British Indian Ocean Territory 136# From Whitman: 137# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 138Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT # BIOT Time 139 140# Brunei 141# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 142Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 143 7:30 - BNT 1933 144 8:00 - BNT 145 146# Burma / Myanmar 147# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 148Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 149 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 150 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 151 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 152 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 153 154# Cambodia 155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 157 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 158 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 159 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 160 7:00 - ICT 161 162# China 163 164# From Guy Harris: 165# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 166 167# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 168# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 169# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 170# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 171# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 172# the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 173# 174# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 175# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 176# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 177# 178# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 179# 1987 mid-April - ?? 180 181# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 182# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 183# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 184 185# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19): 186# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, 187# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 188# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 189# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones. 190 191# From Shanks: 192# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 193Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 194Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 195Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 196Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 197Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 198Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 199Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 201Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 202 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time 203 8:00 - CST 1940 204 9:00 - HART 1966 May 205 8:30 - HART 1980 May 206 8:00 PRC C%sT 207Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 208 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 209 8:00 PRC C%sT 210Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chongqing 211 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time 212 8:00 PRC C%sT 213Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 214 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 215 8:00 PRC C%sT 216Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 217 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 218 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 219 8:00 PRC C%sT 220# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 221# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 222Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 223Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 224Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 225Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 226Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 227Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 228Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 229Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 230Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 231Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 232Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 233Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 234Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 235Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 236Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 237# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 238Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 239 8:00 HK HK%sT 240 241 242############################################################################### 243 244# Taiwan 245 246# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 247# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 248# have any other information. 249 250# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 251Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 252Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 253Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 254Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 255Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 256Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 257Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 258Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 259Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 260Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 261Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 262# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 263Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 264 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 265 266# Macao (Macau, Aomen) 267# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 268Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 269Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 270Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 271Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 272Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 273Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 274Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 275Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 276Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 277Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 278Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 279Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 280Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 281Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 282# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 283Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 284 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 285 8:00 PRC C%sT 286 287 288############################################################################### 289 290# Cyprus 291# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 292Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 293Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 294Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 295Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 296Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 297Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 298Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 299Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 300Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 301# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 302Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 303 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 304 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 305# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 306 307# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 308# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 309Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 310 311# Georgia 312# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19): 313# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 314# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 315# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 316# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 317# 318# From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 319# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 320# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 321# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 322# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 323Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 324 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 325 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 326 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 327 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 328 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 329 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 330 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 331 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 332 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 333 334# East Timor 335 336# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 337# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 338# East Timor may be late for its millennium 339# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 340# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 341# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 342# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 343# conflicts with their way of life. 344 345# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 346# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 347# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 348 349# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 350# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 351# (2000-08-16)</a>: 352# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 353# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 354# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 355# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 356 357# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 358Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 359 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 360 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 361 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3 362 8:00 - TPT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 363 9:00 - TPT 364 365# India 366# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 367Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 368 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 369 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 370 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 371 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 372 5:30 - IST 373# The following are like Asia/Calcutta: 374# Andaman Is 375# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 376# Nicobar Is 377 378# Indonesia 379# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 380Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 381# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 382# but this must be a typo. 383 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 384 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 385 7:30 - JAVT 1942 Mar 23 386 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 387 7:30 - JAVT 1948 May 388 8:00 - JAVT 1950 May 389 7:30 - JAVT 1964 390 7:00 - JAVT 391Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 392 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 393 8:00 - BORT 1942 Feb 9 # Borneo Time 394 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 395 8:00 - BORT 396Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 397 9:00 - JAYT 1944 # Jayapura Time 398 9:30 - CST 1964 399 9:00 - JAYT 400 401# Iran 402# From Paul Eggert (2000-06-12), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales: 403# Ahmea Alavi in 404# <a href="http://www.persia.org/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt"> 405# TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12) 406# </a> 407# writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day 408# of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM: 409# 410# DST start DST end 411# year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi 412# 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23 413# 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23 414# 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23 415# 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 416# 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 417# 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-22 09-22 418# 1997 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 419# 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23 420# 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 421# 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22 422# 2001 03-19!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23 423# 2002 03-18!= 03-21 09-18!= 09-23 424# 425# Go with Alavi starting with 1992. 426# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates. 427# The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050 428# are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 429# 430# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 431Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 432Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 433Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 - 434Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 435Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S 436Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 - 437Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 438Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 439Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 440Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 441Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 442Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 443Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 444Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 445Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 446Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 447Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 448Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 449Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 450Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 451Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 452Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 453Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 454Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 455Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 456Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 457Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 458Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 459Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 460Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 461Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 462Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 463Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 464Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 465Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 466Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 467Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 468Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 469Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 470Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 471Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 472Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 473Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 474Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 475Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 476Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 477Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 478Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 479Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 480Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 481# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 482Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 483 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 484 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov 485 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 486 3:30 Iran IR%sT 487 488 489# Iraq 490# 491# From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12): 492# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 493# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 494# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 495# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 496# 497# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 498# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 499# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 500# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 501# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 502# 503# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 504 505# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 506Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 507Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 508Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 509Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 510Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 511Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 512# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 513# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this. 514Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 515Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 516# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 517Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 518 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 519 3:00 - AST 1982 May 520 3:00 Iraq A%sT 521 522 523############################################################################### 524 525# Israel 526 527# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 528# 529# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 530# different abbreviations in use: 531# 532# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 533# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 534# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 535# 536# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 537# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 538# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 539# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 540# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 541# settings in Israeli computers. 542# 543# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 544# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 545# family is from India). 546 547# From Shanks: 548# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 549Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 550Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 551Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 552Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 553Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 554Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 555Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 556Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 557Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 558Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 559Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 560Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 561Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 562Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 563Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 564Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 565Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 566Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 567Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 568Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 569Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 570Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 571Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 572Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 573Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 574Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 575Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 576Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 577Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 578Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 579Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 580Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 581Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 582Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 583Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 584Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 585Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 586Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 587Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 588Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 589 590# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il> 591# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25): 592 593# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 594# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 595# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 596# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 597# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 598# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 599# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 600# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 601# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 602# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 603# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 604# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 605# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 606# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 607# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 608# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 609# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 610# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 611# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 612# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 613# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 614# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 615 616# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 617Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 618Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 619Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 620Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 621Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 622Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 623Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 624Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 625Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 626Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 627 628# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 629# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 630# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 631 632# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 633Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 634Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 635Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 636Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 637 638# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 639# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 640# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 641# 642# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 643# 644# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 645# 646# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 647# 648# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 649# 650# where YYYY is the relevant year. 651 652# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 653Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 654Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 655Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 656Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 657Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 658Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 659Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 660Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 661 662# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 663# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 664# years 2001-2004 as well. 665# 666# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 667# 668# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 669# 670# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 671# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 672# 673# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 674 675# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 676Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 677Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 678Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 679Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 680Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 681Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 682Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 683Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 684Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 685Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 686 687# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25): 688# Here are guesses for rules after 2004. 689# They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all. 690# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 691Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D 692Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S 693 694# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 695Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 696 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 697 2:00 Zion I%sT 698 699 700############################################################################### 701 702# Japan 703 704# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 705 706# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06): 707# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 708# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 709# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 710# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows: 711# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 712#Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 713#Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 714#Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 715#Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 716# but the only locations using it were US military bases. 717# We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo. 718 719# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 720# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 721# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 722# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 723# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 724# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 725# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 726 727# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 728# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 729# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 730# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 731# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 732# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 733# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 734# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 735# standard.... 736# 737# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 738# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 739 740# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki) 741# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 742 743# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 744Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 745 9:00 - JST 1896 746 9:00 - CJT 1938 747 9:00 - JST 748# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 749 750# Jordan 751# 752# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 753# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 754# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 755# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 756# all year round. 757# 758# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 759# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 760# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 761# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 762# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 763# government's departments from six to seven hours. 764# 765# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 766Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 767Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 768Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 769Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 770Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 771Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 772Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 773Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 774Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 775Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 776Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 777Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 778Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 779Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 780Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 781Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 782Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 783Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 784Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 785Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 786Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 787Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 788Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 789# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 790Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 791 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 792 793# Kazakhstan 794# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 795# Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 796# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 797# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 798# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 799# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 800# 801# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 802Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 803 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time 804 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 805 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 806 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 807 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT 808Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 809 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time 810 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 811 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 812 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time 813 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 814Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau 815 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time 816 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 817 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 818 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time 819 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun 820 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 821 822# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 823# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks. 824# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 825Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S 826Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 827Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 828Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 829# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 830Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 831 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 832 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 833 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 834 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time 835 836############################################################################### 837 838# Korea (North and South) 839 840# From Guy Harris: 841# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco, 842# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know 843# at what time of day DST starts or ends. 844 845# From Shanks: 846# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 847Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 848Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 849Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D 850Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S 851 852# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 853Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 854 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 855 9:00 - KST 1928 856 8:30 - KST 1932 857 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 858 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 859 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 860 9:00 ROK K%sT 861Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 862 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 863 9:00 - KST 1928 864 8:30 - KST 1932 865 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 866 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 867 9:00 - KST 868 869############################################################################### 870 871# Kuwait 872# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 873Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 874 3:00 - AST 875 876# Laos 877# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 878Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 879 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 880 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 881 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 882 7:00 - ICT 883 884# Lebanon 885# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 886Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 887Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 888Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 889Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 890Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 891Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 892Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 893Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 894Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 895Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 896Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 897Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 898Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 899Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 900Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 901Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 902Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 903Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 904Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 905Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 906Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 907Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 908Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 909Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 910# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 911Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 912 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 913 914# Malaysia 915# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 916Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS 917Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 918# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 919Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880 920 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 921 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 922 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 923 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 924 7:20 - MALT 1950 925 7:30 - MALT 1982 May 926 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 927Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 928 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 929 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 930 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 931 8:00 - BORT 1982 May 932 8:00 - MYT 933 934# Maldives 935# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 936Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 937 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 938 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 939 940# Mongolia 941 942# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map 943# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01) 944# both say that it has just one. 945 946# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 947# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 948# General Information Mongolia 949# </a> (1999-09) 950# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 951# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 952# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 953# eight hours." 954 955# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 956# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 957# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 958# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 959# of implementation may have been different.... 960# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 961# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 962# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 963 964# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 965# For now, we'll comment out the east zone (Choybalsan) 966# and use Shanks's and the IATA's data for the daylight-saving rules. 967# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 968# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 969# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 970# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 971# is good enough for our purposes. 972 973# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 974Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 975Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 976Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 977Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - 978Rule Mongol 1991 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 979Rule Mongol 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 980# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25; go with Shanks. 981Rule Mongol 1996 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 982Rule Mongol 1997 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 983# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 984 985# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 986Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 987 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 988 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 989Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 990 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 991 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 992# We're not sure about this entry yet, so we'll omit it for now. 993#Zone Asia/Choybalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 994# 8:00 - CHOT 1978 # Choybalsan Time 995# 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 19?? 996# 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 997 998# Nepal 999# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1000Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1001 5:30 - IST 1986 1002 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1003 1004# Oman 1005# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1006Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1007 4:00 - GST 1008 1009# Pakistan 1010# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1011Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1012 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1013 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1014 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1015 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1016 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time 1017 1018# Palestine 1019 1020# From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15): 1021# 1022# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1023# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1024# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1025# 1026# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1027# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1028# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1029# though. 1030# 1031# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1032# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1033# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1034# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1035# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1036# East Jerusalem. 1037# 1038# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1039# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1040# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1041# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1042# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1043# 1044# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1045# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1046# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1047# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1048# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1049# Jordanian one). 1050# 1051# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1052# 1053# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1054# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1055# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1056# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1057# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1058# 1059# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1060# have one). 1061 1062# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): 1063# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go 1064# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1065# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1066# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1067# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1068# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1069# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1070# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1071# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1072# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1073 1074# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1075# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1076# 1077# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1078# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1079# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1080# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1081 1082# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1083# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1084# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1085# Holiday havoc 1086# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1087# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1088# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1089# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1090# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1091 1092# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1093# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1094Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1095Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1096Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1097Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1098Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1099Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1100 1101Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1102Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1103 1104# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1105Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1106 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1107 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1108 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1109 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1110 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1111 1112# Paracel Is 1113# no information 1114 1115# Philippines 1116# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1117# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1118# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1119# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1120# The rest of this data is from Shanks. 1121# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1122Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1123Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1124Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1125Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1126Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1127Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1128# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1129Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1130 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1131 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1132 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1133 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1134 1135# Qatar 1136# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1137Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1138 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1139 3:00 - AST 1140 1141# Saudi Arabia 1142# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1143Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1144 3:00 - AST 1145 1146# Singapore 1147# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1148Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880 1149 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 1150 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 1151 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 1152 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 1153 7:20 - MALT 1950 1154 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1155 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time 1156 8:00 - SGT 1157 1158# Spratly Is 1159# no information 1160 1161# Sri Lanka 1162# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1163# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1164# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1165# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1166# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1167# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1168# 1169# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1170# by Shamindra in 1171# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1172# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1173# </a>: 1174# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1175# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1176 1177# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1178Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1179 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1180 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1181 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1182 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1183 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1184 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1185 6:00 - LKT 1186 1187# Syria 1188# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1189Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1190Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1191Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1192Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1193Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1194Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1195Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1196Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1197Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 1198Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1199Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1200Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 1201Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 1202Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1203Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 1204Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 1205Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 1206Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 1207Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 1208Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 1209Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1210Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 1211Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1212Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1213Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1214Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 1215Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1216Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1217# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 1218# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 1219# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1220# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks. 1221Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1222Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1223Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1224Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1225# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1226Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 1227 2:00 Syria EE%sT 1228 1229# Tajikistan 1230# From Shanks. 1231# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1232Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1233 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 1234 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1235 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 1236 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 1237 1238# Thailand 1239# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1240Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 1241 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 1242 7:00 - ICT 1243 1244# Turkmenistan 1245# From Shanks. 1246# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1247Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 1248 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 1249 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 1250 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 1251 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1252 5:00 - TMT 1253 1254# United Arab Emirates 1255# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1256Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 1257 4:00 - GST 1258 1259# Uzbekistan 1260# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1261Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1262 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 1263 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 1264 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 1265 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time 1266 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1267 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1268 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1269 5:00 - UZT 1270Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1271 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 1272 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1273 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1274 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1275 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1276 5:00 - UZT 1277 1278# Vietnam 1279# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 1280# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long. 1281# We'll stick with the traditional name for now. 1282# From Shanks: 1283# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1284Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 1285 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1286 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1287 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1288 7:00 - ICT 1289 1290# Yemen 1291# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1292Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 1293 3:00 - AST 1294