asia revision 198270
1# <pre> 2# @(#)asia 8.42 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 33# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 34# Corrections are welcome! 35# std dst 36# LMT Local Mean Time 37# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 38# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 39# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 40# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 41# 4:00 GST Gulf* 42# 5:30 IST India 43# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 44# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 45# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 46# 8:00 CST China 47# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 48# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 49# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 50# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 51# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 52# 53# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 54 55# From Guy Harris: 56# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 57# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 58# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 59# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 60 61############################################################################### 62 63# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 64# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 66Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 67Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 68Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 69Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 70Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 71Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 75Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 76Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 77Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 78Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 79Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 80 81# Afghanistan 82# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 83Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 84 4:00 - AFT 1945 85 4:30 - AFT 86 87# Armenia 88# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 89# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 90# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 91# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 92# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 93# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 94# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 95# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 96# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 97# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 98Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 99 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 100 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 101 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 102 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 103 4:00 - AMT 1997 104 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 105 106# Azerbaijan 107# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 108# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 109# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 110# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 112Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 113# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 115 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 116 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 117 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 118 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 119 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 120 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 121 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 122 123# Bahrain 124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 125Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 126 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 127 3:00 - AST 128 129# Bangladesh 130# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 131# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 132# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 133# 134# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 135# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 136# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 137# </a> 138# or 139# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 140# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 141# </a> 142# 143# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 144# June 145# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 146# crippling power crisis. " 147# 148# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 149# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 150 151# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 152# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 153# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 154# 155# Some sources: 156# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 157# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 158# </a> 159# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 160# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 161# </a> 162# 163# Our wrap-up: 164# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 165# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 166# </a> 167 168# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 169# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 170# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 171# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 172# 173# No DST end date has been announced yet. 174 175# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 176# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 177# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 178# 179# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 180# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 181# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021"> 182# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 183# </a> 184# or 185# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html"> 186# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 187# </a> 188 189# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 190# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 191# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 192# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 193# "continue for an indefinite period." 194# 195# One of many places where it is published: 196# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html"> 197# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 198# </a> 199 200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 201Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 202 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 203 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 204 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 205 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 206 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 207 6:00 - BDT 2009 Jun 19 23:00 # Bangladesh Time 208 6:00 1:00 BDST 209 210# Bhutan 211# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 212Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 213 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 214 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 215 216# British Indian Ocean Territory 217# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 218# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 219# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 220# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 221# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 222# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 223Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 224 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 225 6:00 - IOT 226 227# Brunei 228# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 229Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 230 7:30 - BNT 1933 231 8:00 - BNT 232 233# Burma / Myanmar 234# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 235Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 236 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 237 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 238 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 239 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 240 241# Cambodia 242# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 243Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 244 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 245 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 246 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 247 7:00 - ICT 248 249# China 250 251# From Guy Harris: 252# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 253 254# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 255# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 256# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 257# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 258# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 259# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 260# 261# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 262# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 263# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 264# 265# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 266# 1987 mid-April - ?? 267 268# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 269# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 270# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 271 272# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 273# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 274# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 275# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 276# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 277# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 278# pre-1980 time zones. 279 280# From Shanks & Pottenger: 281# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 282Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 283Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 284Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 285Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 286Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 287Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 288 289# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 290# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 291# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 292# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 293# 294# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 295# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 296# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 297# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 298# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 299# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 300# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 301# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 302# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 303# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 304 305# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 306# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 307# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 308# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 309# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 310# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 311# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 312# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 313# 314# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 315# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 316# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 317# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 318# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 319# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 320# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 321# 322# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 323# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 324# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 325# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 326# Shanks & Pottenger. 327 328# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 329# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 330# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 331Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 332 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 333 8:00 - CST 1940 334 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 335 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 336 8:00 PRC C%sT 337# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 338# most of China 339Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 340 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 341 8:00 PRC C%sT 342# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 343# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 344# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 345# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 346# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 347Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 348 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 349 8:00 PRC C%sT 350# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 351# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 352# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 353# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 354# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 355# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 356# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 357# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 358# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 359Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 360 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 361 8:00 PRC C%sT 362# Kunlun Time 363# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 364# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 365# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 366# and Yarkand. 367Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 368 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 369 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 370 8:00 PRC C%sT 371 372# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 373# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 374Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 375Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 376Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 377Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 378Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 379Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 380Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 381Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 382Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 383Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 384Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 385Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 386Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 387Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 388Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 389# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 390Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 391 8:00 HK HK%sT 392 393 394############################################################################### 395 396# Taiwan 397 398# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 399# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 400# have any other information. 401 402# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 403Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 404Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 405Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 406Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 407Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 408Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 409Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 410Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 411Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 412Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 413Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 414# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 415Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 416 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 417 418# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 419# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 420Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 421Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 422Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 423Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 424Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 425Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 426Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 427Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 428Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 429Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 430Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 431Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 432Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 433Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 434# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 435Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 436 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 437 8:00 PRC C%sT 438 439 440############################################################################### 441 442# Cyprus 443# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 444Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 445Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 446Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 447Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 448Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 449Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 450Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 451Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 452Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 453# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 454Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 455 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 456 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 457# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 458 459# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 460# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 461Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 462 463# Georgia 464# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 465# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 466# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 467# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 468# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 469# 470# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 471# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 472# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 473# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 474# 475# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 476# 477# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 478# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 479# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 480# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 481# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 482# of integration into Europe. 483 484# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 485# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 486# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 487# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 488# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 489# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 490# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 491# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 492# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 493 494 495# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 496Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 497 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 498 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 499 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 500 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 501 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 502 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 503 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 504 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 505 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 506 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 507 4:00 - GET 508 509# East Timor 510 511# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 512 513# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 514# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 515# East Timor may be late for its millennium 516# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 517# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 518# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 519# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 520# conflicts with their way of life. 521 522# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 523# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 524# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 525 526# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 527# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 528# (2000-08-16)</a>: 529# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 530# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 531# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 532# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 533 534# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 535Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 536 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 537 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 538 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 539 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 540 9:00 - TLT 541 542# India 543# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 544Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 545 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 546 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 547 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 548 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 549 5:30 - IST 550# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 551# Andaman Is 552# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 553# Nicobar Is 554 555# Indonesia 556# 557# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 558# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 559# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 560# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 561# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 562# 563# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 564# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 565# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 566# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 567# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 568# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 569# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 570# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 571# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 572# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 573# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 574# switched on 1945-09-23. 575# 576# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 577Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 578# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 579# but this must be a typo. 580 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 581 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 582 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 583 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 584 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 585 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 586 7:30 - WIT 1964 587 7:00 - WIT 588Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 589 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 590 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 591 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 592 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 593 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 594 7:30 - WIT 1964 595 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 596 7:00 - WIT 597Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 598 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 599 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 600 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 601 8:00 - CIT 602Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 603 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 604 9:30 - CST 1964 605 9:00 - EIT 606 607# Iran 608 609# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 610# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 611# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 612# 613# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 614# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 615# 616# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 617# 618# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 619# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 620# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 621# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 622# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 623# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 624# 625# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 626# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 627# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 628# Shahrivar. 629# 630# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 631# 632# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 633# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 634# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 635# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 636# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 637# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 638# 639# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 640# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 641# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 642# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 643# plan to change that law.... 644# 645# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 646# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 647# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 648# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 649# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 650# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 651# 652# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 653# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 654# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 655# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 656# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 657# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 658# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 659# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 660# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 661# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 662# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 663# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 664# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 665# 666# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 667# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 668# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 669# 670# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 671# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 672# daylight saving time ... 673# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 674# 675# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 676# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 677# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 678# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 679# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 680# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 681# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 682# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 683# 684# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 685Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 686Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 687Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 688Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 689Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 690Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 691Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 692Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 693Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 694Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 695Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 696Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 697Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 698Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 699Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 700Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 701Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 702Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 703Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 704Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 705Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 706Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 707Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 708Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 709Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 710Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 711Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 712Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 713Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 714Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 715Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 716Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 717Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 718Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 719Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 720Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 721Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 722Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 723Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 724Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 725Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 726Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 727Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 728Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 729Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 730Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 731Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 732Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 733Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 734# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 735Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 736 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 737 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 738 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 739 3:30 Iran IR%sT 740 741 742# Iraq 743# 744# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 745# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 746# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 747# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 748# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 749# 750# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 751# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 752# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 753# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 754# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 755# 756# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 757 758# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 759# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 760# news sources (in Arabic): 761# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 762# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 763# </a> 764# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 765# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 766# </a> 767# 768# We have published a short article in English about the change: 769# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 770# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 771# </a> 772 773# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 774Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 775Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 776Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 777Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 778Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 779Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 780# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 781# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 782# 783Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 784Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 785# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 786Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 787 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 788 3:00 - AST 1982 May 789 3:00 Iraq A%sT 790 791 792############################################################################### 793 794# Israel 795 796# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 797# 798# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 799# different abbreviations in use: 800# 801# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 802# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 803# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 804# 805# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 806# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 807# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 808# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 809# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 810# settings in Israeli computers. 811# 812# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 813# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 814# family is from India). 815 816# From Shanks & Pottenger: 817# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 818Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 819Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 820Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 821Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 822Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 823Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 824Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 825Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 826Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 827Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 828Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 829Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 830Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 831Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 832Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 833Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 834Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 835Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 836Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 837Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 838Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 839Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 840Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 841Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 842Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 843Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 844Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 845Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 846Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 847Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 848Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 849Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 850Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 851Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 852Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 853Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 854Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 855Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 856Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 857Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 858 859# From Ephraim Silverberg 860# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 861# and 2005-02-17): 862 863# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 864# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 865# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 866# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 867# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 868# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 869# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 870# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 871# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 872# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 873# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 874# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 875# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 876# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 877# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 878# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 879# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 880# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 881# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 882# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 883# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 884# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 885 886# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 887Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 888Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 889Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 890Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 891Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 892Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 893Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 894Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 895Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 896Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 897 898# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 899# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 900# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 901 902# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 903Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 904Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 905Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 906Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 907 908# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 909# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 910# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 911# 912# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 913# 914# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 915# 916# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 917# 918# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 919# 920# where YYYY is the relevant year. 921 922# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 923Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 924Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 925Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 926Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 927Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 928Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 929Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 930Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 931 932# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 933# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 934# years 2001-2004 as well. 935# 936# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 937# 938# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 939# 940# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 941# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 942# 943# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 944 945# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 946Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 947Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 948Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 949Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 950Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 951Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 952Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 953Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 954Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 955Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 956 957# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 958# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 959# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 960# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 961# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 962# 963# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 964# 965# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 966 967# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 968# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 969# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 970# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 971# to generate the transitions in this list. 972# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 973# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 974# 975# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 976# 977# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 978# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 979# springtime transitions explicitly. 980 981# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 982Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 983Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 984Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 985Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 986Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 987Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 988Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 989Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 990Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 991Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 992Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 993Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 994Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 995Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 996Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 997Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 998Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 999Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1000Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1001Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1002Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1003Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1004Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1005Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1006Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1007Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1008Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1009Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1010Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1011Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 1012Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 1013Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1014Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1015Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1016Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 1017Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1018Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1019Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1020Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1021Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 1022Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 1023Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1024Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 1025 1026# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1027Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1028 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1029 2:00 Zion I%sT 1030 1031 1032 1033############################################################################### 1034 1035# Japan 1036 1037# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1038 1039# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1040# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1041# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1042# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1043 1044# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1045# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1046# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1047# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1048# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1049# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1050# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1051# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1052# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1053# wanted to keep it.) 1054 1055# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1056# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1057# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1058Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1059Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1060Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1061Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1062# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1063# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1064# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1065# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1066 1067# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1068# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1069# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1070# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1071# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1072# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1073# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1074 1075# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1076# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1077# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1078# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1079# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1080# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1081# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1082# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1083# standard.... 1084# 1085# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1086# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1087 1088# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1089# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1090# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1091 1092# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1093Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1094 9:00 - JST 1896 1095 9:00 - CJT 1938 1096 9:00 Japan J%sT 1097# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1098 1099# Jordan 1100# 1101# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1102# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1103# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1104# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1105# all year round. 1106# 1107# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1108# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1109# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1110# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1111# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1112# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1113# 1114# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1115# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1116# 1117# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1118# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1119# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1120# 1121# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1122# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1123# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1124# 1125 1126# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1127# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1128# Jordan. 1129# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1130# saving 1131# time on the last Thursday in March. 1132# 1133# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1134# 1135# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1136# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1137# Please see 1138# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1139# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1140# </a> 1141 1142# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1143# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1144# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1145# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1146# </a> 1147# 1148# Google's translation: 1149# 1150# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1151# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1152# > of the month of March of each year. 1153# 1154# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1155 1156# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1157# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1158 1159# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1160Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1161Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1162Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1163Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1164Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1165Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1166Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1167Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1168Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1169Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1170Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1171Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1172Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1173Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1174Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1175Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1176Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1177Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1178Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1179Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1180Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1181Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1182Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1183Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1184Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1185Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1186Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1187Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1188# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1189Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1190 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1191 1192 1193# Kazakhstan 1194 1195# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1196# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1197# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1198# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1199# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1200# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1201 1202# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1203# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1204# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1205# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1206# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1207# 1208# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1209# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1210# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1211 1212# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1213# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1214# </a> 1215# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1216# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1217# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1218# 1219# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1220# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1221# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1222# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1223# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1224# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1225# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1226# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1227# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1228 1229# 1230# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1231# 1232# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1233Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1234 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1235 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1236 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1237 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1238 6:00 - ALMT 1239# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1240Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1241 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1242 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1243 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1244 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1245 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1246 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1247 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1248 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1249 6:00 - QYZT 1250# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1251Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1252 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1253 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1254 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1255 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1256 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1257 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1258 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1259 5:00 - AQTT 1260# Mangghystau 1261# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1262# so include time stamps before 1963. 1263Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1264 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1265 5:00 - FORT 1963 1266 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1267 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1268 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1269 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1270 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1271 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1272 5:00 - AQTT 1273# West Kazakhstan 1274Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1275 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1276 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1277 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1278 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1279 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1280 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1281 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1282 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1283 5:00 - ORAT 1284 1285# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1286# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1287 1288# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1289# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1290# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1291# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1292# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1293# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1294# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1295# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1296 1297# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1298Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1299Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1300Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1301Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1302# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1303Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1304 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1305 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1306 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1307 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1308 6:00 - KGT 1309 1310############################################################################### 1311 1312# Korea (North and South) 1313 1314# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1315# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1316# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1317# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1318# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1319# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1320 1321# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1322# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1323Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1324Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1325Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1326Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1327 1328# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1329Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1330 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1331 9:00 - KST 1928 1332 8:30 - KST 1932 1333 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1334 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1335 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1336 9:00 ROK K%sT 1337Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1338 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1339 9:00 - KST 1928 1340 8:30 - KST 1932 1341 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1342 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1343 9:00 - KST 1344 1345############################################################################### 1346 1347# Kuwait 1348# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1349# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1350# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1351# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1352# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1353# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1354# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1355# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1356# so for now we assume no DST. 1357Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1358 3:00 - AST 1359 1360# Laos 1361# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1362Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1363 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1364 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1365 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1366 7:00 - ICT 1367 1368# Lebanon 1369# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1370Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1371Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1372Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1373Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1374Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1375Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1376Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1377Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1378Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1379Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1380Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1381Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1382Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1383Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1384Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1385Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1386Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1387Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1388Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1389Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1390Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1391Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1392Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1393Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1394# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1395Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1396 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1397 1398# Malaysia 1399# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1400Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1401Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1402# 1403# peninsular Malaysia 1404# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1405# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1406# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1407Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1408 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1409 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1410 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1411 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1412 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1413 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1414 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1415 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1416# Sabah & Sarawak 1417# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1418# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1419# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1420# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1421Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1422 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1423 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1424 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1425 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1426 8:00 - MYT 1427 1428# Maldives 1429# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1430Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1431 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1432 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1433 1434# Mongolia 1435 1436# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1437# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1438# both say that it has just one. 1439 1440# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1441# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1442# General Information Mongolia 1443# </a> (1999-09) 1444# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1445# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1446# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1447# eight hours." 1448 1449# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1450# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1451# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1452# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1453# of implementation may have been different.... 1454# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1455# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1456# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1457 1458# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1459# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1460# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1461# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1462# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1463# is good enough for our purposes. 1464 1465# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1466# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1467# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1468# there are three time zones. 1469# 1470# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1471# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1472# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1473# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1474# 1475# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1476 1477# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1478# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1479# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1480# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1481# 1482# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1483# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1484# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1485 1486# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1487# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1488# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1489# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1490# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1491# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1492# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1493# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1494# He also found 1495# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1496# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1497# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1498# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1499# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1500# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1501# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1502# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1503 1504# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1505# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1506# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1507# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1508 1509# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1510# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1511# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1512# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1513# database on this, e.g.: 1514# 1515# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1516# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1517# </a> 1518# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1519# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1520# </a> 1521# 1522# both say GMT+08:00. 1523 1524# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1525# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1526# schedule here: 1527# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1528# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1529# </a> 1530# (click the English flag for English) 1531# 1532# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1533# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1534# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1535# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1536# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1537# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1538 1539# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1540# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1541# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1542# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1543# this is almost surely wrong. 1544 1545# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1546Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1547Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1548# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1549# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1550# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1551# 1552# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1553# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1554# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1555# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1556# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1557# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1558 1559Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1560Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1561# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1562Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1563Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1564Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1565 1566# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1567# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1568Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1569 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1570 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1571# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1572Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1573 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1574 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1575# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1576# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1577Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1578 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1579 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1580 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1581 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1582 1583# Nepal 1584# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1585Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1586 5:30 - IST 1986 1587 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1588 1589# Oman 1590# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1591Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1592 4:00 - GST 1593 1594# Pakistan 1595 1596# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1597# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1598# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1599# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1600# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1601# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1602 1603# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1604# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1605# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1606# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1607# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1608# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1609# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1610# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1611# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1612# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1613# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1614 1615# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1616# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1617# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1618 1619# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1620# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1621# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1622# 1623# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1624# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1625# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1626# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1627# 1628# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1629# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1630 1631# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1632# 1633# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1634# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1635# 1636# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1637# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1638# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1639# ...." 1640# 1641# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1642# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1643# </a> 1644# OR 1645# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1646# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1647# </a> 1648 1649# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1650# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1651 1652# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1653# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1654# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1655# instead of August 31. 1656# 1657# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1658# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1659# </a> 1660# OR 1661# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1662# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1663# </a> 1664 1665# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1666# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1667# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1668# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1669# official working." 1670# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1671# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1672# </a> 1673# 1674# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1675# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1676# 1677# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1678# April 08, 2009 1679# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1680# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1681# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1682# </a> 1683# 1684# or 1685# 1686# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1687# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1688# </a> 1689# 1690# .... 1691# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1692# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1693# conserve energy" 1694 1695# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 1696# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 1697# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 1698# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 1699# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 1700# this regard." 1701# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168"> 1702# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 1703# </a> 1704 1705# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 1706# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1707# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1708# 1, 2009. 1709# 1710# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 1711# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2"> 1712# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 1713# </a> 1714# or 1715# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm"> 1716# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 1717# </a> 1718 1719# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 1720# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: 1721# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1722# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1723# > 1, 2009. 1724# 1725# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 1726# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742"> 1727# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 1728# </a> 1729# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 1730# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 1731# Monday." 1732# 1733# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 1734# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 1735# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 1736# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 1737# 1738# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 1739# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 1740# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html"> 1741# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 1742# </a> 1743 1744# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01): 1745# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 1746# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 1747 1748# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1749Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1750Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1751Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1752Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1753Rule Pakistan 2009 max - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1754Rule Pakistan 2009 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1755# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1756Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1757 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1758 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1759 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1760 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1761 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1762 1763# Palestine 1764 1765# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1766# 1767# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1768# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1769# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1770# 1771# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1772# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1773# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1774# though. 1775# 1776# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1777# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1778# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1779# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1780# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1781# East Jerusalem. 1782# 1783# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1784# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1785# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1786# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1787# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1788# 1789# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1790# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1791# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1792# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1793# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1794# Jordanian one). 1795# 1796# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1797# 1798# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1799# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1800# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1801# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1802# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1803# 1804# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1805# have one). 1806 1807# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1808# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1809# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1810# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1811# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1812# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1813# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1814# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1815# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1816# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1817# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1818 1819# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1820# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1821# 1822# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1823# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1824# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1825# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1826 1827# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1828# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1829# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1830# Holiday havoc 1831# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1832# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1833# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1834# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1835# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1836 1837# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1838# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1839 1840# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1841# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1842# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1843# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1844# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1845 1846# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1847# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1848# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1849# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1850# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1851# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1852# the West Bank. 1853 1854# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1855# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1856# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1857# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1858# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1859# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1860# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1861# because of the Ramadan. 1862 1863# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1864# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1865# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1866 1867# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1868# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1869# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1870# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1871# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1872# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1873 1874# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1875# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1876# 1877# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1878# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1879# 1880# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1881# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1882# </a> 1883# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1884# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1885# </a> 1886# or 1887# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1888# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1889# </a> 1890 1891# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1892# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1893# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1894# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1895# 1896# (in Arabic) 1897# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1898# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1899# </a> 1900# 1901# or 1902# (English translation) 1903# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1904# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1905# </a> 1906 1907# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 1908# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 1909# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 1910# 1911# One news source: 1912# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158"> 1913# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 1914# </a> 1915# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 1916# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 1917# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 1918# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 1919# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 1920# 1921# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 1922# end date, we will keep this page updated: 1923# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html"> 1924# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 1925# </a> 1926 1927# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 1928# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 1929# 1930# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 1931# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 1932# 1933# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 1934# (from Palestinian National Authority): 1935# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 1936# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 1937# </a> 1938# or 1939# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html> 1940# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 1941# </a> 1942 1943# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1944# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1945Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1946Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1947Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1948Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1949Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1950Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1951 1952Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1953Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1954Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1955Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1956Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1957Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1958Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1959Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 1960Rule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1961Rule Palestine 2009 max - Sep Fri>=1 2:00 0 - 1962 1963# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1964Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1965 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1966 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1967 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1968 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1969 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1970 1971# Paracel Is 1972# no information 1973 1974# Philippines 1975# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1976# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1977# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1978# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1979# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1980 1981# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1982# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1983# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1984# rainy season begins. See 1985# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1986# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1987# 1988# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1989# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1990# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1991# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1992# but no details] 1993 1994# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1995Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1996Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1997Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1998Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1999Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 2000Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 2001# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2002Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 2003 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 2004 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 2005 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 2006 8:00 Phil PH%sT 2007 2008# Qatar 2009# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2010Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 2011 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 2012 3:00 - AST 2013 2014# Saudi Arabia 2015# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2016Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 2017 3:00 - AST 2018 2019# Singapore 2020# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2021# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 2022# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2023Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2024 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2025 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2026 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2027 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2028 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2029 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2030 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2031 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2032 8:00 - SGT 2033 2034# Spratly Is 2035# no information 2036 2037# Sri Lanka 2038# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2039# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2040# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 2041# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2042# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2043# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 2044# 2045# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2046# by Shamindra in 2047# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 2048# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 2049# </a>: 2050# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2051# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2052 2053# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2054# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2055# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2056# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2057 2058# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 2059# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 2060# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2061# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2062# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2063# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2064# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2065# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2066 2067# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2068# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2069# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2070# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2071# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2072# 2073# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 2074# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2075# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2076# 2077# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2078# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2079# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2080# item.... 2081# 2082# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2083# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2084# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2085# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2086# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2087# 2088# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2089# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2090# all computers. 2091 2092# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2093# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2094# and then see what people actually say in practice. 2095 2096# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2097Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 2098 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 2099 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 2100 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 2101 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 2102 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 2103 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2104 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 2105 5:30 - IST 2106 2107# Syria 2108# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2109Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 2110Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 2111Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 2112Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2113Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2114Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2115Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2116Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2117Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2118Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2119Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2120Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2121Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2122Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2123Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2124Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2125Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2126Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2127Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2128Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2129Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2130Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2131Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2132Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2133Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2134Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2135Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2136Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2137# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2138# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2139# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2140# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2141# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2142# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2143Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2144Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2145Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2146Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2147# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2148# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2149# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2150Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2151# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2152# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2153# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2154Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2155# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2156# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2157# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2158# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2159# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2160# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2161# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2162# 2163# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2164# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2165# 2166# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2167# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2168# 2169# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2170# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2171# 2172# which using Google's translate tools says: 2173# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2174# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2175# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2176Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2177 2178# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2179# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2180# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2181# are now using: 2182# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2183# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2184# Variation 2185# Syrian Arab 2186# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2187# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2188# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2189 2190# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2191# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2192# Agency (SANA)... 2193# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2194# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2195# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2196# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2197# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2198# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2199# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2200 2201# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2202# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2203# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2204# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2205# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2206 2207# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2208# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2209# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2210# 2211# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2212# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2213# clocks back 60 minutes). 2214# 2215# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2216# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2217# </a> 2218 2219# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2220# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2221# two examples: 2222# 2223# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2224# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2225# </a> 2226# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2227# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2228# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2229# </a> 2230# (Arabic, gov-site) 2231# 2232# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2233# 2234# Our summary 2235# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2236# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2237# </a> 2238 2239Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2240Rule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2241Rule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2242 2243# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2244Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2245 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2246 2247# Tajikistan 2248# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2249# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2250Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2251 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2252 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2253 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2254 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2255 2256# Thailand 2257# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2258Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2259 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2260 7:00 - ICT 2261 2262# Turkmenistan 2263# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2264# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2265Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2266 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2267 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2268 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2269 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2270 5:00 - TMT 2271 2272# United Arab Emirates 2273# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2274Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2275 4:00 - GST 2276 2277# Uzbekistan 2278# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2279Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2280 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2281 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2282 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2283 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2284 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2285 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2286 5:00 - UZT 2287Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2288 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2289 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2290 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2291 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2292 5:00 - UZT 2293 2294# Vietnam 2295 2296# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2297# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2298# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2299 2300# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2301# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2302Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2303 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2304 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2305 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2306 7:00 - ICT 2307 2308# Yemen 2309# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2310Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2311 3:00 - AST 2312