asia revision 192886
1# <pre> 2# @(#)asia 8.32 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 33# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 34# Corrections are welcome! 35# std dst 36# LMT Local Mean Time 37# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 38# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 39# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 40# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 41# 4:00 GST Gulf* 42# 5:30 IST India 43# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 44# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 45# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 46# 8:00 CST China 47# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 48# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 49# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 50# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 51# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 52# 53# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 54 55# From Guy Harris: 56# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 57# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 58# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 59# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 60 61############################################################################### 62 63# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 64# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 66Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 67Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 68Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 69Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 70Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 71Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 75Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 76Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 77Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 78Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 79Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 80 81# Afghanistan 82# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 83Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 84 4:00 - AFT 1945 85 4:30 - AFT 86 87# Armenia 88# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 89# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 90# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 91# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 92# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 93# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 94# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 95# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 96# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 97# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 98Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 99 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 100 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 101 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 102 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 103 4:00 - AMT 1997 104 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 105 106# Azerbaijan 107# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 108# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 109# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 110# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 112Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 113# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 115 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 116 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 117 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 118 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 119 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 120 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 121 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 122 123# Bahrain 124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 125Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 126 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 127 3:00 - AST 128 129# Bangladesh 130# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 131Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 132 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 133 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 134 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 135 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 136 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 137 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 138 139# Bhutan 140# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 141Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 142 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 143 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 144 145# British Indian Ocean Territory 146# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 147# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 148# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 149# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 150# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 151# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 152Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 153 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 154 6:00 - IOT 155 156# Brunei 157# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 158Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 159 7:30 - BNT 1933 160 8:00 - BNT 161 162# Burma / Myanmar 163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 164Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 165 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 166 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 167 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 168 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 169 170# Cambodia 171# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 172Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 173 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 174 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 175 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 176 7:00 - ICT 177 178# China 179 180# From Guy Harris: 181# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 182 183# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 184# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 185# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 186# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 187# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 188# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 189# 190# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 191# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 192# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 193# 194# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 195# 1987 mid-April - ?? 196 197# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 198# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 199# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 200 201# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 202# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 203# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 204# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 205# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 206# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 207# pre-1980 time zones. 208 209# From Shanks & Pottenger: 210# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 211Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 212Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 213Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 214Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 215Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 216Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 217 218# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 219# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 220# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 221# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 222# 223# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 224# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 225# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 226# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 227# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 228# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 229# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 230# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 231# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 232# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 233 234# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 235# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 236# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 237# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 238# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 239# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 240# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 241# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 242# 243# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 244# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 245# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 246# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 247# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 248# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 249# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 250# 251# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 252# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 253# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 254# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 255# Shanks & Pottenger. 256 257# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 258# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 259# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 260Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 261 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 262 8:00 - CST 1940 263 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 264 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 265 8:00 PRC C%sT 266# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 267# most of China 268Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 269 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 270 8:00 PRC C%sT 271# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 272# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 273# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 274# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 275# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 276Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 277 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 278 8:00 PRC C%sT 279# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 280# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 281# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 282# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 283# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 284# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 285# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 286# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 287# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 288Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 289 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 290 8:00 PRC C%sT 291# Kunlun Time 292# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 293# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 294# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 295# and Yarkand. 296Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 297 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 298 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 299 8:00 PRC C%sT 300 301# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 302# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 303Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 304Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 305Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 306Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 307Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 308Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 309Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 310Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 311Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 312Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 313Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 314Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 315Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 316Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 317Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 318# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 319Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 320 8:00 HK HK%sT 321 322 323############################################################################### 324 325# Taiwan 326 327# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 328# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 329# have any other information. 330 331# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 332Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 333Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 334Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 335Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 336Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 337Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 338Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 339Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 340Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 341Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 342Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 343# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 344Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 345 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 346 347# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 348# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 349Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 350Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 351Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 352Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 353Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 354Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 355Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 356Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 357Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 358Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 359Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 360Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 361Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 362Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 363# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 364Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 365 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 366 8:00 PRC C%sT 367 368 369############################################################################### 370 371# Cyprus 372# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 373Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 374Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 375Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 376Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 377Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 378Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 379Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 380Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 381Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 382# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 383Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 384 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 385 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 386# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 387 388# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 389# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 390Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 391 392# Georgia 393# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 394# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 395# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 396# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 397# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 398# 399# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 400# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 401# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 402# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 403# 404# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 405# 406# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 407# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 408# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 409# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 410# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 411# of integration into Europe. 412 413# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 414# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 415# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 416# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 417# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 418# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 419# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 420# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 421# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 422 423 424# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 425Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 426 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 427 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 428 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 429 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 430 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 431 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 432 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 433 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 434 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 435 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 436 4:00 - GET 437 438# East Timor 439 440# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 441 442# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 443# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 444# East Timor may be late for its millennium 445# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 446# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 447# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 448# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 449# conflicts with their way of life. 450 451# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 452# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 453# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 454 455# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 456# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 457# (2000-08-16)</a>: 458# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 459# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 460# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 461# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 462 463# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 464Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 465 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 466 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 467 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 468 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 469 9:00 - TLT 470 471# India 472# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 473Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 474 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 475 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 476 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 477 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 478 5:30 - IST 479# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 480# Andaman Is 481# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 482# Nicobar Is 483 484# Indonesia 485# 486# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 487# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 488# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 489# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 490# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 491# 492# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 493# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 494# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 495# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 496# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 497# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 498# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 499# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 500# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 501# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 502# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 503# switched on 1945-09-23. 504# 505# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 506Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 507# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 508# but this must be a typo. 509 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 510 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 511 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 512 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 513 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 514 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 515 7:30 - WIT 1964 516 7:00 - WIT 517Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 518 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 519 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 520 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 521 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 522 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 523 7:30 - WIT 1964 524 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 525 7:00 - WIT 526Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 527 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 528 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 529 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 530 8:00 - CIT 531Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 532 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 533 9:30 - CST 1964 534 9:00 - EIT 535 536# Iran 537 538# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 539# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 540# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 541# 542# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 543# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 544# 545# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 546# 547# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 548# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 549# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 550# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 551# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 552# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 553# 554# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 555# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 556# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 557# Shahrivar. 558# 559# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 560# 561# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 562# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 563# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 564# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 565# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 566# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 567# 568# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 569# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 570# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 571# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 572# plan to change that law.... 573# 574# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 575# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 576# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 577# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 578# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 579# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 580# 581# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 582# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 583# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 584# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 585# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 586# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 587# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 588# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 589# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 590# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 591# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 592# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 593# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 594# 595# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 596# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 597# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 598# 599# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 600# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 601# daylight saving time ... 602# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 603# 604# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 605# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 606# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 607# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 608# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 609# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 610# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 611# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 612# 613# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 614Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 615Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 616Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 617Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 618Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 619Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 620Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 621Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 622Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 623Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 624Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 625Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 626Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 627Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 628Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 629Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 630Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 631Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 632Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 633Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 634Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 635Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 636Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 637Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 638Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 639Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 640Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 641Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 642Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 643Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 644Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 645Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 646Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 647Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 648Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 649Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 650Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 651Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 652Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 653Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 654Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 655Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 656Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 657Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 658Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 659Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 660Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 661Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 662Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 663# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 664Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 665 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 666 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 667 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 668 3:30 Iran IR%sT 669 670 671# Iraq 672# 673# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 674# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 675# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 676# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 677# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 678# 679# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 680# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 681# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 682# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 683# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 684# 685# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 686 687# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 688# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 689# news sources (in Arabic): 690# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 691# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 692# </a> 693# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 694# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 695# </a> 696# 697# We have published a short article in English about the change: 698# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 699# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 700# </a> 701 702# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 703Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 704Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 705Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 706Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 707Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 708Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 709# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 710# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 711# 712Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 713Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 714# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 715Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 716 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 717 3:00 - AST 1982 May 718 3:00 Iraq A%sT 719 720 721############################################################################### 722 723# Israel 724 725# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 726# 727# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 728# different abbreviations in use: 729# 730# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 731# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 732# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 733# 734# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 735# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 736# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 737# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 738# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 739# settings in Israeli computers. 740# 741# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 742# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 743# family is from India). 744 745# From Shanks & Pottenger: 746# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 747Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 748Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 749Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 750Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 751Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 752Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 753Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 754Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 755Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 756Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 757Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 758Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 759Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 760Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 761Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 762Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 763Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 764Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 765Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 766Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 767Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 768Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 769Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 770Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 771Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 772Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 773Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 774Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 775Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 776Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 777Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 778Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 779Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 780Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 781Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 782Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 783Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 784Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 785Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 786Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 787 788# From Ephraim Silverberg 789# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 790# and 2005-02-17): 791 792# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 793# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 794# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 795# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 796# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 797# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 798# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 799# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 800# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 801# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 802# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 803# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 804# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 805# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 806# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 807# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 808# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 809# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 810# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 811# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 812# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 813# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 814 815# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 816Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 817Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 818Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 819Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 820Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 821Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 822Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 823Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 824Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 825Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 826 827# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 828# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 829# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 830 831# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 832Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 833Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 834Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 835Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 836 837# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 838# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 839# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 840# 841# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 842# 843# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 844# 845# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 846# 847# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 848# 849# where YYYY is the relevant year. 850 851# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 852Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 853Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 854Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 855Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 856Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 857Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 858Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 859Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 860 861# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 862# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 863# years 2001-2004 as well. 864# 865# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 866# 867# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 868# 869# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 870# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 871# 872# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 873 874# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 875Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 876Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 877Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 878Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 879Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 880Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 881Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 882Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 883Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 884Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 885 886# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 887# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 888# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 889# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 890# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 891# 892# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 893# 894# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 895 896# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 897# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 898# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 899# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 900# to generate the transitions in this list. 901# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 902# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 903# 904# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 905# 906# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 907# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 908# springtime transitions explicitly. 909 910# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 911Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 912Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 913Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 914Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 915Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 916Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 917Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 918Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 919Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 920Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 921Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 922Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 923Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 924Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 925Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 926Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 927Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 928Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 929Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 930Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 931Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 932Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 933Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 934Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 935Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 936Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 937Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 938Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 939Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 940Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 941Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 942Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 943Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 944Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 945Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 946Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 947Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 948Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 949Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 950Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 951Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 952Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 953Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 954 955# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 956Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 957 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 958 2:00 Zion I%sT 959 960 961 962############################################################################### 963 964# Japan 965 966# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 967 968# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 969# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 970# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 971# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 972 973# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 974# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 975# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 976# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 977# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 978# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 979# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 980# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 981# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 982# wanted to keep it.) 983 984# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 985# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 986# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 987Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 988Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 989Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 990Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 991# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 992# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 993# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 994# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 995 996# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 997# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 998# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 999# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1000# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1001# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1002# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1003 1004# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1005# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1006# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1007# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1008# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1009# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1010# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1011# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1012# standard.... 1013# 1014# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1015# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1016 1017# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1018# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1019# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1020 1021# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1022Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1023 9:00 - JST 1896 1024 9:00 - CJT 1938 1025 9:00 Japan J%sT 1026# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1027 1028# Jordan 1029# 1030# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1031# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1032# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1033# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1034# all year round. 1035# 1036# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1037# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1038# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1039# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1040# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1041# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1042# 1043# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1044# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1045# 1046# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1047# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1048# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1049# 1050# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1051# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1052# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1053# 1054 1055# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1056# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1057# Jordan. 1058# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1059# saving 1060# time on the last Thursday in March. 1061# 1062# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1063# 1064# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1065# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1066# Please see 1067# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1068# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1069# </a> 1070 1071# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1072# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1073# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1074# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1075# </a> 1076# 1077# Google's translation: 1078# 1079# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1080# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1081# > of the month of March of each year. 1082# 1083# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1084 1085# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1086# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1087 1088# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1089Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1090Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1091Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1092Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1093Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1094Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1095Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1096Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1097Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1098Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1099Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1100Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1101Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1102Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1103Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1104Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1105Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1106Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1107Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1108Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1109Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1110Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1111Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1112Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1113Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1114Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1115Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1116Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1117# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1118Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1119 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1120 1121 1122# Kazakhstan 1123 1124# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1125# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1126# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1127# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1128# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1129# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1130 1131# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1132# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1133# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1134# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1135# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1136# 1137# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1138# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1139# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1140 1141# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1142# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1143# </a> 1144# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1145# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1146# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1147# 1148# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1149# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1150# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1151# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1152# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1153# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1154# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1155# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1156# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1157 1158# 1159# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1160# 1161# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1162Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1163 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1164 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1165 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1166 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1167 6:00 - ALMT 1168# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1169Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1170 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1171 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1172 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1173 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1174 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1175 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1176 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1177 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1178 6:00 - QYZT 1179# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1180Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1181 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1182 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1183 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1184 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1185 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1186 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1187 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1188 5:00 - AQTT 1189# Mangghystau 1190# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1191# so include time stamps before 1963. 1192Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1193 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1194 5:00 - FORT 1963 1195 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1196 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1197 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1198 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1199 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1200 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1201 5:00 - AQTT 1202# West Kazakhstan 1203Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1204 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1205 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1206 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1207 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1208 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1209 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1210 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1211 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1212 5:00 - ORAT 1213 1214# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1215# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1216 1217# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1218# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1219# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1220# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1221# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1222# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1223# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1224# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1225 1226# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1227Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1228Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1229Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1230Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1231# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1232Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1233 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1234 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1235 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1236 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1237 6:00 - KGT 1238 1239############################################################################### 1240 1241# Korea (North and South) 1242 1243# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1244# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1245# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1246# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1247# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1248# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1249 1250# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1251# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1252Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1253Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1254Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1255Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1256 1257# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1258Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1259 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1260 9:00 - KST 1928 1261 8:30 - KST 1932 1262 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1263 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1264 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1265 9:00 ROK K%sT 1266Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1267 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1268 9:00 - KST 1928 1269 8:30 - KST 1932 1270 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1271 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1272 9:00 - KST 1273 1274############################################################################### 1275 1276# Kuwait 1277# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1278# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1279# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1280# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1281# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1282# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1283# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1284# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1285# so for now we assume no DST. 1286Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1287 3:00 - AST 1288 1289# Laos 1290# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1291Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1292 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1293 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1294 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1295 7:00 - ICT 1296 1297# Lebanon 1298# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1299Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1300Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1301Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1302Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1303Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1304Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1305Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1306Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1307Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1308Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1309Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1310Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1311Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1312Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1313Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1314Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1315Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1316Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1317Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1318Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1319Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1320Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1321Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1322Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1323# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1324Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1325 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1326 1327# Malaysia 1328# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1329Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1330Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1331# 1332# peninsular Malaysia 1333# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1334# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1335# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1336Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1337 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1338 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1339 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1340 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1341 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1342 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1343 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1344 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1345# Sabah & Sarawak 1346# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1347# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1348# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1349# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1350Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1351 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1352 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1353 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1354 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1355 8:00 - MYT 1356 1357# Maldives 1358# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1359Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1360 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1361 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1362 1363# Mongolia 1364 1365# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1366# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1367# both say that it has just one. 1368 1369# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1370# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1371# General Information Mongolia 1372# </a> (1999-09) 1373# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1374# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1375# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1376# eight hours." 1377 1378# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1379# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1380# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1381# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1382# of implementation may have been different.... 1383# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1384# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1385# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1386 1387# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1388# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1389# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1390# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1391# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1392# is good enough for our purposes. 1393 1394# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1395# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1396# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1397# there are three time zones. 1398# 1399# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1400# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1401# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1402# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1403# 1404# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1405 1406# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1407# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1408# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1409# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1410# 1411# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1412# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1413# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1414 1415# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1416# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1417# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1418# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1419# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1420# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1421# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1422# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1423# He also found 1424# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1425# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1426# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1427# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1428# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1429# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1430# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1431# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1432 1433# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1434# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1435# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1436# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1437 1438# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1439# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1440# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1441# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1442# database on this, e.g.: 1443# 1444# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1445# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1446# </a> 1447# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1448# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1449# </a> 1450# 1451# both say GMT+08:00. 1452 1453# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1454# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1455# schedule here: 1456# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1457# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1458# </a> 1459# (click the English flag for English) 1460# 1461# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1462# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1463# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1464# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1465# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1466# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1467 1468# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1469# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1470# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1471# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1472# this is almost surely wrong. 1473 1474# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1475Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1476Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1477# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1478# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1479# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1480# 1481# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1482# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1483# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1484# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1485# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1486# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1487 1488Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1489Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1490# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1491Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1492Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1493Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1494 1495# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1496# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1497Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1498 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1499 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1500# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1501Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1502 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1503 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1504# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1505# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1506Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1507 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1508 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1509 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1510 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1511 1512# Nepal 1513# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1514Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1515 5:30 - IST 1986 1516 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1517 1518# Oman 1519# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1520Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1521 4:00 - GST 1522 1523# Pakistan 1524 1525# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1526# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1527# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1528# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1529# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1530# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1531 1532# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1533# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1534# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1535# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1536# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1537# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1538# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1539# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1540# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1541# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1542# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1543 1544# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1545# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1546# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1547 1548# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1549# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1550# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1551# 1552# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1553# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1554# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1555# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1556# 1557# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1558# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1559 1560# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1561# 1562# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1563# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1564# 1565# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1566# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1567# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1568# ...." 1569# 1570# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1571# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1572# </a> 1573# OR 1574# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1575# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1576# </a> 1577 1578# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1579# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1580 1581# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1582# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1583# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1584# instead of August 31. 1585# 1586# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1587# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1588# </a> 1589# OR 1590# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1591# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1592# </a> 1593 1594# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1595# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1596# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1597# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1598# official working." 1599# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1600# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1601# </a> 1602# 1603# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1604# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1605# 1606# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1607# April 08, 2009 1608# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1609# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1610# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1611# </a> 1612# 1613# or 1614# 1615# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1616# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1617# </a> 1618# 1619# .... 1620# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1621# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1622# conserve energy" 1623 1624# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-10): 1625# Assume for now that Pakistan will end DST in 2009 as it did in 2008. 1626 1627# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1628Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1629Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1630Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1631Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1632Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1633Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1634# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1635Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1636 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1637 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1638 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1639 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1640 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1641 1642# Palestine 1643 1644# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1645# 1646# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1647# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1648# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1649# 1650# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1651# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1652# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1653# though. 1654# 1655# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1656# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1657# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1658# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1659# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1660# East Jerusalem. 1661# 1662# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1663# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1664# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1665# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1666# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1667# 1668# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1669# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1670# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1671# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1672# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1673# Jordanian one). 1674# 1675# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1676# 1677# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1678# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1679# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1680# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1681# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1682# 1683# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1684# have one). 1685 1686# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1687# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1688# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1689# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1690# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1691# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1692# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1693# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1694# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1695# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1696# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1697 1698# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1699# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1700# 1701# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1702# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1703# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1704# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1705 1706# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1707# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1708# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1709# Holiday havoc 1710# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1711# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1712# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1713# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1714# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1715 1716# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1717# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1718 1719# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1720# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1721# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1722# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1723# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1724 1725# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1726# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1727# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1728# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1729# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1730# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1731# the West Bank. 1732 1733# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1734# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1735# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1736# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1737# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1738# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1739# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1740# because of the Ramadan. 1741 1742# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1743# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1744# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1745 1746# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1747# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1748# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1749# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1750# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1751# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1752 1753# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1754# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1755# 1756# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1757# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1758# 1759# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1760# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1761# </a> 1762# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1763# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1764# </a> 1765# or 1766# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1767# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1768# </a> 1769 1770# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1771# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1772# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1773# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1774# 1775# (in Arabic) 1776# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1777# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1778# </a> 1779# 1780# or 1781# (English translation) 1782# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1783# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1784# </a> 1785 1786# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1787# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1788Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1789Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1790Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1791Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1792Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1793Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1794 1795Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1796Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1797Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1798Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1799Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1800Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1801Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 1802Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 1803Rule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1804Rule Palestine 2009 max - Sep lastMon 2:00 0 - 1805 1806# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1807Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1808 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1809 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1810 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1811 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1812 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1813 1814# Paracel Is 1815# no information 1816 1817# Philippines 1818# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1819# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1820# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1821# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1822# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1823 1824# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1825# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 1826# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 1827# rainy season begins. See 1828# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 1829# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 1830# 1831# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 1832# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 1833# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 1834# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 1835# but no details] 1836 1837# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1838Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1839Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1840Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1841Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1842Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1843Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1844# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1845Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1846 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1847 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1848 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1849 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1850 1851# Qatar 1852# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1853Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1854 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1855 3:00 - AST 1856 1857# Saudi Arabia 1858# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1859Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1860 3:00 - AST 1861 1862# Singapore 1863# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1864# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1865# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1866Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1867 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1868 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1869 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1870 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1871 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1872 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1873 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1874 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 1875 8:00 - SGT 1876 1877# Spratly Is 1878# no information 1879 1880# Sri Lanka 1881# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1882# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1883# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1884# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1885# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1886# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1887# 1888# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1889# by Shamindra in 1890# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1891# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1892# </a>: 1893# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1894# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1895 1896# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 1897# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 1898# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 1899# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 1900 1901# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 1902# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 1903# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 1904# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 1905# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 1906# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 1907# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 1908# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 1909 1910# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 1911# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 1912# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 1913# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 1914# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 1915# 1916# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 1917# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 1918# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 1919# 1920# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 1921# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 1922# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 1923# item.... 1924# 1925# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 1926# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 1927# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 1928# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 1929# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 1930# 1931# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 1932# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 1933# all computers. 1934 1935# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 1936# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 1937# and then see what people actually say in practice. 1938 1939# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1940Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1941 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1942 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1943 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1944 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1945 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1946 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1947 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 1948 5:30 - IST 1949 1950# Syria 1951# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1952Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1953Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1954Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1955Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1956Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1957Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1958Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1959Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1960Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 1961Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1962Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1963Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 1964Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 1965Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1966Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 1967Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 1968Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 1969Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 1970Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 1971Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 1972Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1973Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 1974Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1975Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1976Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1977Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 1978Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1979Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1980# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 1981# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 1982# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1983# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 1984# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 1985# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 1986Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1987Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1988Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1989Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1990# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 1991# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 1992# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 1993Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 1994# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1995# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 1996# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 1997Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 1998# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 1999# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2000# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2001# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2002# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2003# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2004# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2005# 2006# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2007# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2008# 2009# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2010# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2011# 2012# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2013# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2014# 2015# which using Google's translate tools says: 2016# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2017# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2018# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2019Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2020 2021# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2022# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2023# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2024# are now using: 2025# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2026# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2027# Variation 2028# Syrian Arab 2029# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2030# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2031# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2032 2033# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2034# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2035# Agency (SANA)... 2036# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2037# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2038# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2039# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2040# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2041# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2042# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2043 2044# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2045# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2046# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2047# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2048# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2049 2050# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2051# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2052# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2053# 2054# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2055# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2056# clocks back 60 minutes). 2057# 2058# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2059# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2060# </a> 2061 2062# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2063# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2064# two examples: 2065# 2066# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2067# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2068# </a> 2069# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2070# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2071# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2072# </a> 2073# (Arabic, gov-site) 2074# 2075# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2076# 2077# Our summary 2078# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2079# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2080# </a> 2081 2082Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2083Rule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2084Rule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2085 2086# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2087Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2088 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2089 2090# Tajikistan 2091# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2092# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2093Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2094 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2095 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2096 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2097 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2098 2099# Thailand 2100# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2101Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2102 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2103 7:00 - ICT 2104 2105# Turkmenistan 2106# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2107# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2108Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2109 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2110 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2111 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2112 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2113 5:00 - TMT 2114 2115# United Arab Emirates 2116# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2117Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2118 4:00 - GST 2119 2120# Uzbekistan 2121# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2122Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2123 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2124 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2125 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2126 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2127 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2128 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2129 5:00 - UZT 2130Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2131 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2132 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2133 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2134 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2135 5:00 - UZT 2136 2137# Vietnam 2138 2139# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2140# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2141# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2142 2143# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2144# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2145Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2146 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2147 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2148 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2149 7:00 - ICT 2150 2151# Yemen 2152# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2153Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2154 3:00 - AST 2155