asia revision 121098
1# @(#)asia 7.72 2 3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 6 7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): 8# 9# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 10# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 11# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 12# 13# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 14# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 15# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 16# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 17# of the IATA's data after 1990. 18# 19# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 20# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 21# 22# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 23# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 24# I found in the UCLA library. 25# 26# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 27# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 28# 29# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 30# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 31# Corrections are welcome! 32# std dst 33# LMT Local Mean Time 34# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 35# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 36# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 37# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 38# 4:00 GST Gulf* 39# 5:30 IST India 40# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 41# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 42# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 43# 8:00 CST China 44# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 45# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 46# 9:00 JST Japan 47# 9:00 KST Korea 48# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 49# 50# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 51 52# From Guy Harris: 53# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 54# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 55# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 56# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 57 58############################################################################### 59 60# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 61# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 62Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 63Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 64Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 65Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 66Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 67Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 68Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 69Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 70Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 71Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 74Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 75Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 76 77# Afghanistan 78# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 79Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 80 4:00 - AFT 1945 81 4:30 - AFT 82 83# Armenia 84# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 85# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, 86# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997. 87# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 88# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 89# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 90# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 91# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 92# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 93Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 94 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 95 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 96 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 97 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 98 4:00 - AMT 1997 99 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 100 101# Azerbaijan 102# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 103Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S 104Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 - 105# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 106Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 107 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 108 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 109 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 110 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 111 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 112 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 113 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 114 115# Bahrain 116# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 117Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 118 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 119 3:00 - AST 120 121# Bangladesh 122# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 123Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 124 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 125 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 126 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 127 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 128 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 129 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 130 131# Bhutan 132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 134 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 135 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 136 137# British Indian Ocean Territory 138# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 139# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 140# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 141Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 142 6:00 - IOT 143 144# Brunei 145# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 146Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 147 7:30 - BNT 1933 148 8:00 - BNT 149 150# Burma / Myanmar 151# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 152Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 153 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 154 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 155 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 156 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 157 158# Cambodia 159# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 160Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 161 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 162 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 163 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 164 7:00 - ICT 165 166# China 167 168# From Guy Harris: 169# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 170 171# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 172# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 173# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 174# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 175# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 176# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 177# 178# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 179# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 180# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 181# 182# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 183# 1987 mid-April - ?? 184 185# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 186# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 187# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 188 189# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19): 190# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, 191# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 192# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 193# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones. 194 195# From Shanks: 196# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 197Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 198Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 199Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 200Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 201Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 202Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 203Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 204# 205# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 206# 207# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 208# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 209# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 210# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949): 211# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 212Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 213 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 214 8:00 - CST 1940 215 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 216 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 217 8:00 PRC C%sT 218# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 219Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 220 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 221 8:00 PRC C%sT 222# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 223Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 224 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 225 8:00 PRC C%sT 226# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 227Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 228 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 229 8:00 PRC C%sT 230# Kunlun Time 231Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 232 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 233 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 234 8:00 PRC C%sT 235 236# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 237# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 238Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 239Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 240Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 241Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 242Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 243Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 244Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 245Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 246Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 247Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 248Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 249Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 250Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 251Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 252Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 253# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 254Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 255 8:00 HK HK%sT 256 257 258############################################################################### 259 260# Taiwan 261 262# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 263# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 264# have any other information. 265 266# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 267Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 268Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 269Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 270Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 271Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 272Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 273Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 274Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 275Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 276Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 277Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 278# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 279Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 280 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 281 282# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 283# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 284Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 285Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 286Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 287Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 288Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 289Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 290Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 291Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 292Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 293Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 294Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 295Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 296Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 297Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 298# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 299Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 300 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 301 8:00 PRC C%sT 302 303 304############################################################################### 305 306# Cyprus 307# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 308Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 309Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 310Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 311Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 312Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 313Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 314Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 315Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 316Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 317# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 318Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 319 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 320 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 321# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 322 323# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 324# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 325Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 326 327# Georgia 328# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19): 329# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 330# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 331# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 332# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 333# 334# From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 335# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 336# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 337# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 338# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 339Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 340 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 341 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 342 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 343 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 344 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 345 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 346 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 347 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 348 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 349 350# East Timor 351 352# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 353# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 354# East Timor may be late for its millennium 355# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 356# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 357# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 358# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 359# conflicts with their way of life. 360 361# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 362# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 363# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 364 365# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 366# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 367# (2000-08-16)</a>: 368# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 369# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 370# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 371# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 372 373# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 374Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 375 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 376 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 377 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3 378 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 379 9:00 - TPT 380 381# India 382# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 383Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 384 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 385 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 386 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 387 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 388 5:30 - IST 389# The following are like Asia/Calcutta: 390# Andaman Is 391# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 392# Nicobar Is 393 394# Indonesia 395# 396# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks: 397# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 398# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 399# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 400# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 401# 402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 403Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 404# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 405# but this must be a typo. 406 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 407 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 408 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 409 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 410 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 411 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 412 7:30 - WIT 1964 413 7:00 - WIT 414Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 415 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 416 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 417 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 418 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 419 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 420 7:30 - WIT 1964 421 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 422 7:00 - WIT 423Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 424 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 425 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 426 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 427 8:00 - CIT 428Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 429 9:00 - EIT 1944 430 9:30 - CST 1964 431 9:00 - EIT 432 433# Iran 434 435# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 436# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 437# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 438# 439# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 440# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 441# 442# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 443# 444# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 445# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 446# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 447# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 448# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 449# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 450# 451# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 452# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 453# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 454# Shahrivar. 455# 456# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 457# 458# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 459# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 460# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 461# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 462# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 463# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 464 465# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-15) 466# Go with Shanks before September 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 467# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates. 468# The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050 469# are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 470# 471# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 472Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 473Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 474Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 475Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 476Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 477Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 478Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 479Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 480Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 481Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 482Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 483Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 484Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 485Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 486Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 487Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 488Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 489Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 490Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 491Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 492Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 493Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 494Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 495Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 496Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 497Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 498Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 499Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 500Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 501Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 502Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 503Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 504Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 505Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 506Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 507Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 508Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 509Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 510Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 511Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 512Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 513Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 514Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 515Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 516Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 517Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 518Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 519Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 520Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 521# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 522Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 523 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 524 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 525 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 526 3:30 Iran IR%sT 527 528 529# Iraq 530# 531# From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12): 532# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 533# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 534# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 535# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 536# 537# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 538# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 539# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 540# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 541# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 542# 543# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 544 545# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 546Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 547Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 548Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 549Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 550Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 551Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 552# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 553# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this. 554Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 555Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 556# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 557Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 558 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 559 3:00 - AST 1982 May 560 3:00 Iraq A%sT 561 562 563############################################################################### 564 565# Israel 566 567# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 568# 569# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 570# different abbreviations in use: 571# 572# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 573# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 574# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 575# 576# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 577# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 578# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 579# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 580# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 581# settings in Israeli computers. 582# 583# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 584# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 585# family is from India). 586 587# From Shanks: 588# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 589Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 590Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 591Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 592Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 593Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 594Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 595Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 596Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 597Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 598Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 599Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 600Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 601Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 602Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 603Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 604Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 605Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 606Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 607Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 608Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 609Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 610Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 611Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 612Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 613Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 614Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 615Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 616Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 617Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 618Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 619Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 620Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 621Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 622Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 623Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 624Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 625Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 626Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 627Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 628Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 629 630# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il> 631# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25): 632 633# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 634# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 635# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 636# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 637# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 638# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 639# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 640# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 641# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 642# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 643# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 644# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 645# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 646# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 647# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 648# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 649# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 650# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 651# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 652# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 653# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 654# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 655 656# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 657Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 658Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 659Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 660Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 661Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 662Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 663Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 664Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 665Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 666Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 667 668# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 669# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 670# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 671 672# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 673Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 674Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 675Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 676Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 677 678# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 679# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 680# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 681# 682# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 683# 684# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 685# 686# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 687# 688# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 689# 690# where YYYY is the relevant year. 691 692# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 693Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 694Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 695Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 696Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 697Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 698Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 699Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 700Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 701 702# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 703# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 704# years 2001-2004 as well. 705# 706# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 707# 708# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 709# 710# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 711# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 712# 713# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 714 715# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 716Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 717Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 718Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 719Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 720Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 721Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 722Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 723Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 724Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 725Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 726 727# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25): 728# Here are guesses for rules after 2004. 729# They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all. 730# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 731Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D 732Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S 733 734# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 735Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 736 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 737 2:00 Zion I%sT 738 739# From Ephraim Silverberg (2003-03-23): 740# 741# Minister of Interior Poraz has announced that he will respect the law 742# passed in July 2000 (proposed at the time jointly by himself and 743# then-MK David Azulai [Shas]) fixing the dates for 2000-2004. Hence, 744# the dates for 2003 and 2004 remain unchanged.... 745# 746# As far as 2005 and beyond, no dates have been set. However, the 747# minister has mentioned that he wishes to propose to move Israel's 748# timezone in 2005 from GMT+2 to GMT+3 and upon that have DST during 749# the summer months (i.e. GMT+4). However, no legislation in this 750# direction is expected until the latter part of 2004 which is a long 751# time off in terms of Israeli politics. 752 753 754 755############################################################################### 756 757# Japan 758 759# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 760 761# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06): 762# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 763# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 764# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 765# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows: 766# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 767#Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 768#Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 769#Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 770#Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 771# but the only locations using it were US military bases. 772# We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo. 773 774# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 775# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 776# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 777# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 778# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 779# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 780# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 781 782# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 783# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 784# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 785# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 786# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 787# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 788# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 789# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 790# standard.... 791# 792# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 793# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 794 795# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki) 796# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 797 798# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 799Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 800 9:00 - JST 1896 801 9:00 - CJT 1938 802 9:00 - JST 803# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 804 805# Jordan 806# 807# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 808# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 809# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 810# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 811# all year round. 812# 813# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 814# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 815# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 816# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 817# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 818# government's departments from six to seven hours. 819# 820# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 821Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 822Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 823Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 824Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 825Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 826Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 827Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 828Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 829Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 830Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 831Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 832Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 833Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 834Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 835Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 836Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 837Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 838Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 839Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 840Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 841Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 842Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 843Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 844# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 845Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 846 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 847 848# Kazakhstan 849# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 850# Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 851# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 852# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 853# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 854# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 855# 856# From Paul Eggert (2001-10-18): 857# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 858# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 859# Go with Shanks, who has them always using RussiaAsia rules. 860# Also go with the following claims of Shanks: 861# 862# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 863# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 864# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 865# 866# 867# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 868# 869# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 870Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 871 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 872 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 873 6:00 - ALMT 1992 874 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 875# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 876Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 877 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 878 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 879 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 880 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 881 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 882 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 883 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 884 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 885# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 886Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 887 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 888 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 889 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 890 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 891 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 892 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 893 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT # Aqtobe Time 894# Mangghystau 895# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 896# so include time stamps before 1963. 897Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 898 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 899 5:00 - FORT 1963 900 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 901 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 902 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 903 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 904 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 905 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 906# West Kazakhstan 907Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 908 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 909 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 910 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 911 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 912 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 913 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 914 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 915 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT # Oral Time 916 917# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 918# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks. 919# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 920Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 921Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 922Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 923Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 924# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 925Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 926 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 927 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 928 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 929 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time 930 931############################################################################### 932 933# Korea (North and South) 934 935# From Guy Harris: 936# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco, 937# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know 938# at what time of day DST starts or ends. 939 940# From Shanks: 941# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 942Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 943Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 944Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D 945Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S 946 947# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 948Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 949 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 950 9:00 - KST 1928 951 8:30 - KST 1932 952 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 953 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 954 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 955 9:00 ROK K%sT 956Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 957 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 958 9:00 - KST 1928 959 8:30 - KST 1932 960 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 961 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 962 9:00 - KST 963 964############################################################################### 965 966# Kuwait 967# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 968Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 969 3:00 - AST 970 971# Laos 972# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 973Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 974 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 975 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 976 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 977 7:00 - ICT 978 979# Lebanon 980# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 981Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 982Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 983Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 984Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 985Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 986Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 987Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 988Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 989Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 990Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 991Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 992Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 993Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 994Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 995Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 996Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 997Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 998Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 999Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1000Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1001Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1002Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1003Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1004Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1005# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1006Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1007 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1008 1009# Malaysia 1010# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1011Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1012Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1013# 1014# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1015# peninsular Malaysia 1016Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880 1017 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 1018 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 1019 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 1020 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 1021 7:20 - MALT 1950 1022 7:30 - MALT 1982 May 1023 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1024# Sabah & Sarawak 1025Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1026 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1027 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 1028 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 1029 8:00 - BORT 1982 May 1030 8:00 - MYT 1031 1032# Maldives 1033# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1034Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1035 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1036 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1037 1038# Mongolia 1039 1040# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map 1041# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01) 1042# both say that it has just one. 1043 1044# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1045# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1046# General Information Mongolia 1047# </a> (1999-09) 1048# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1049# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1050# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1051# eight hours." 1052 1053# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1054# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1055# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1056# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1057# of implementation may have been different.... 1058# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1059# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1060# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1061 1062# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1063# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1064# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1065# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1066# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1067# is good enough for our purposes. 1068 1069# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1070# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1071# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1072# there are three time zones. 1073# 1074# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1075# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1076# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1077# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1078# 1079# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1080 1081# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1082Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1083Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1084# IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists 1085# them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00. 1086# Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998. 1087Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1088Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1089# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1090Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr 27 2:00s 1:00 S 1091Rule Mongol 2001 only - Sep 28 2:00s 0 - 1092 1093# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1094# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1095Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1096 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1097 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1098# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1099Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1100 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1101 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1102# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1103# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1104Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1105 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1106 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1107 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time 1108 1109# Nepal 1110# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1111Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1112 5:30 - IST 1986 1113 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1114 1115# Oman 1116# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1117Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1118 4:00 - GST 1119 1120# Pakistan 1121 1122# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1123# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1124# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1125# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1126# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1127# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1128 1129# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1130# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1131# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1132# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1133# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1134# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1135# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1136# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1137# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1138# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1139# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1140 1141# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1142# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1143# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1144 1145# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1146# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1147# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1148# 1149# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1150# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1151# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1152# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1153# 1154# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1155# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1156 1157 1158# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1159Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1160Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1161# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1162Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1163 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1164 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1165 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1166 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1167 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1168 1169# Palestine 1170 1171# From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15): 1172# 1173# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1174# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1175# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1176# 1177# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1178# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1179# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1180# though. 1181# 1182# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1183# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1184# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1185# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1186# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1187# East Jerusalem. 1188# 1189# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1190# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1191# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1192# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1193# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1194# 1195# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1196# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1197# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1198# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1199# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1200# Jordanian one). 1201# 1202# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1203# 1204# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1205# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1206# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1207# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1208# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1209# 1210# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1211# have one). 1212 1213# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): 1214# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go 1215# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1216# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1217# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1218# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1219# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1220# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1221# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1222# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1223# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1224 1225# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1226# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1227# 1228# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1229# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1230# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1231# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1232 1233# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1234# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1235# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1236# Holiday havoc 1237# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1238# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1239# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1240# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1241# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1242 1243# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1244# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1245Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1246Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1247Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1248Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1249Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1250Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1251 1252Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1253Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1254 1255# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1256Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1257 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1258 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1259 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1260 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1261 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1262 1263# Paracel Is 1264# no information 1265 1266# Philippines 1267# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1268# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1269# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1270# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1271# The rest of this data is from Shanks. 1272# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1273Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1274Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1275Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1276Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1277Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1278Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1279# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1280Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1281 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1282 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1283 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1284 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1285 1286# Qatar 1287# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1288Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1289 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1290 3:00 - AST 1291 1292# Saudi Arabia 1293# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1294Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1295 3:00 - AST 1296 1297# Singapore 1298# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1299Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880 1300 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 1301 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 1302 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 1303 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 1304 7:20 - MALT 1950 1305 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1306 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time 1307 8:00 - SGT 1308 1309# Spratly Is 1310# no information 1311 1312# Sri Lanka 1313# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1314# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1315# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1316# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1317# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1318# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1319# 1320# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1321# by Shamindra in 1322# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1323# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1324# </a>: 1325# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1326# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1327 1328# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1329Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1330 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1331 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1332 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1333 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1334 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1335 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1336 6:00 - LKT 1337 1338# Syria 1339# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1340Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1341Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1342Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1343Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1344Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1345Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1346Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1347Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1348Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 1349Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1350Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1351Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 1352Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 1353Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1354Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 1355Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 1356Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 1357Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 1358Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 1359Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 1360Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1361Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 1362Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1363Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1364Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1365Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 1366Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1367Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1368# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 1369# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 1370# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1371# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks. 1372Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1373Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1374Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1375Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1376# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1377Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 1378 2:00 Syria EE%sT 1379 1380# Tajikistan 1381# From Shanks. 1382# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1383Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1384 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 1385 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1386 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 1387 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 1388 1389# Thailand 1390# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1391Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 1392 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 1393 7:00 - ICT 1394 1395# Turkmenistan 1396# From Shanks. 1397# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1398Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 1399 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 1400 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 1401 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 1402 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1403 5:00 - TMT 1404 1405# United Arab Emirates 1406# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1407Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 1408 4:00 - GST 1409 1410# Uzbekistan 1411# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1412Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1413 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 1414 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 1415 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 1416 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time 1417 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1418 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1419 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1420 5:00 - UZT 1421Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1422 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 1423 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1424 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1425 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1426 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1427 5:00 - UZT 1428 1429# Vietnam 1430# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 1431# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long. 1432# We'll stick with the traditional name for now. 1433# From Shanks: 1434# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1435Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 1436 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1437 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1438 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1439 7:00 - ICT 1440 1441# Yemen 1442# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1443Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 1444 3:00 - AST 1445