asia revision 153761
1153761Swollman# @(#)asia 7.90 2153761Swollman# <pre> 364499Swollman 42742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 52742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 62742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 72742Swollman 8149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22): 92742Swollman# 102742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 1158787Sru# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 1258787Sru# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 132742Swollman# 1486222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1520094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1620094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1720094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1820094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 1920094Swollman# 2020094Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 2120094Swollman# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2220094Swollman# 232742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 242742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 252742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 262742Swollman# 272742Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 2858787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 292742Swollman# 302742Swollman# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 312742Swollman# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 322742Swollman# Corrections are welcome! 33114173Swollman# std dst 34114173Swollman# LMT Local Mean Time 35114173Swollman# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 36114173Swollman# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 37114173Swollman# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 38114173Swollman# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 39114173Swollman# 4:00 GST Gulf* 40114173Swollman# 5:30 IST India 41114173Swollman# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 42114173Swollman# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 43114173Swollman# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 44114173Swollman# 8:00 CST China 45114173Swollman# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 46114173Swollman# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 47149590Swollman# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 48149590Swollman# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 49114173Swollman# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 502742Swollman# 519908Swollman# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 522742Swollman 532742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 542742Swollman# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 552742Swollman# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 562742Swollman# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 572742Swollman# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 582742Swollman 592742Swollman############################################################################### 602742Swollman 6120094Swollman# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 622742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6320094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 6420094SwollmanRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 6520094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 6620094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 6720094SwollmanRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 6820094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 6920094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 7020094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7120094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7220094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 7320094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 7420094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 7520094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 7620094SwollmanRule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 772742Swollman 782742Swollman# Afghanistan 792742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 802742SwollmanZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 8119878Swollman 4:00 - AFT 1945 822742Swollman 4:30 - AFT 832742Swollman 842742Swollman# Armenia 8558787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 8617200Swollman# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, 8758787Sru# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997. 8858787Sru# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 89153670Swollman# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9043014Swollman# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 9143014Swollman# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 9243014Swollman# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 932742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 942742SwollmanZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 9519878Swollman 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 9619878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9719878Swollman 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 9858787Sru 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 9943014Swollman 4:00 - AMT 1997 10075267Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1012742Swollman 1022742Swollman# Azerbaijan 103153670Swollman# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 104153670Swollman# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 105153670Swollman# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 10643014Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 107153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 108153670SwollmanRule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 1092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1102742SwollmanZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 11119878Swollman 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 11219878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11319878Swollman 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 114149514Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 11520094Swollman 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 11643014Swollman 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 11743014Swollman 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 1182742Swollman 1192742Swollman# Bahrain 1202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12167578SwollmanZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 1222742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1232742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1242742Swollman 1252742Swollman# Bangladesh 1262742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12775267SwollmanZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 12819878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 12919878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 1302742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 13119878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 13219878Swollman 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 13319878Swollman 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 1342742Swollman 1352742Swollman# Bhutan 1362742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13767578SwollmanZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 1382742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 13919878Swollman 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 1402742Swollman 1412742Swollman# British Indian Ocean Territory 14286222Swollman# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 14386222Swollman# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 144149514Swollman# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 145149514Swollman# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 146149514Swollman# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 1472742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 148149514SwollmanZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 149149514Swollman 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 15086222Swollman 6:00 - IOT 1512742Swollman 1522742Swollman# Brunei 1532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1542742SwollmanZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 1552742Swollman 7:30 - BNT 1933 1562742Swollman 8:00 - BNT 1572742Swollman 15814343Swollman# Burma / Myanmar 1592742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16017200SwollmanZone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 16119878Swollman 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 16219878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 1632742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 16419878Swollman 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 1652742Swollman 1662742Swollman# Cambodia 1672742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1682742SwollmanZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 16919878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1702742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1712742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1722742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1732742Swollman 17443014Swollman# China 1752742Swollman 1762742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 1772742Swollman# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 1782742Swollman 17919878Swollman# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 18019878Swollman# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 1812742Swollman# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 1822742Swollman# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 1832742Swollman# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 18493799Swollman# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 1852742Swollman# 1862742Swollman# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 1872742Swollman# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 1882742Swollman# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 1892742Swollman# 1902742Swollman# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 1912742Swollman# 1987 mid-April - ?? 1922742Swollman 19319878Swollman# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 1942742Swollman# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 1952742Swollman# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 1962742Swollman 197149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 19819878Swollman# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, 19914343Swollman# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 2002742Swollman# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 20114343Swollman# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones. 2022742Swollman 20358787Sru# From Shanks: 2042742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2052742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 2062742SwollmanRule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 2072742SwollmanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 2082742SwollmanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 20914343SwollmanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 21014343SwollmanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 21193799Swollman# 2122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 21393799Swollman# 21493799Swollman# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 21593799Swollman# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 21693799Swollman# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 21793799Swollman# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949): 21893799Swollman# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 21967578SwollmanZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 22093799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 22114343Swollman 8:00 - CST 1940 22293799Swollman 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 22393799Swollman 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 22414343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 22593799Swollman# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 2262742SwollmanZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 2272742Swollman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 2282742Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 22993799Swollman# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 23086222SwollmanZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 23193799Swollman 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 23214343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 23393799Swollman# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 23467578SwollmanZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 23519878Swollman 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 23614343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 23793799Swollman# Kunlun Time 23867578SwollmanZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 23919878Swollman 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 24019878Swollman 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 24114343Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 24293799Swollman 24367578Swollman# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 2442742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2452742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 2462742SwollmanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 2472742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 2482742SwollmanRule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 2492742SwollmanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 2502742SwollmanRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 2512742SwollmanRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 2522742SwollmanRule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 2532742SwollmanRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 2542742SwollmanRule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 2552742SwollmanRule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 2562742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 2572742SwollmanRule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 2582742SwollmanRule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 2592742SwollmanRule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 2602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2612742SwollmanZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 26258787Sru 8:00 HK HK%sT 2632742Swollman 26430711Swollman 26530711Swollman############################################################################### 26630711Swollman 26743014Swollman# Taiwan 26830711Swollman 26958787Sru# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 27043543Swollman# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 27143543Swollman# have any other information. 27243543Swollman 27330711Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 27430711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 27530711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 27630711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 27730711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 27830711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 27930711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 28030711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 28130711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 28230711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 28330711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 28430711SwollmanRule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 28530711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 28686222SwollmanZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 28730711Swollman 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 28830711Swollman 28993799Swollman# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 2902742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 29193799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 29293799SwollmanRule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 29393799SwollmanRule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 29493799SwollmanRule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 29593799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 29693799SwollmanRule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 29793799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 29893799SwollmanRule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 29993799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 30093799SwollmanRule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 30193799SwollmanRule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 30293799SwollmanRule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 30393799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 30493799SwollmanRule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 3052742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 30693799SwollmanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 30793799Swollman 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 30819878Swollman 8:00 PRC C%sT 3092742Swollman 3102742Swollman 3112742Swollman############################################################################### 3122742Swollman 3132742Swollman# Cyprus 3142742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 31519878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 3162742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 31719878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 3182742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 31919878SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 3202742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 3212742SwollmanRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 32243543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 32343543SwollmanRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 3242742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3252742SwollmanZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 32643543Swollman 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 32758787Sru 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 32843543Swollman# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 3292742Swollman 33067578Swollman# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 33167578Swollman# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 33267578SwollmanLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 33367578Swollman 3342742Swollman# Georgia 335149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 3369908Swollman# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 3379908Swollman# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 3389908Swollman# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 33914343Swollman# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 34014343Swollman# 341149514Swollman# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 34220094Swollman# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 34320094Swollman# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 34420094Swollman# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 345136638Swollman# 346136638Swollman# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 347149514Swollman# 348136638Swollman# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 349136638Swollman# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 350136638Swollman# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 351136638Swollman# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 352136638Swollman# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 353136638Swollman# of integration into Europe. 354136638Swollman 355153670Swollman# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 356153670Swollman# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 357153670Swollman# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 358153670Swollman# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 359153670Swollman# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 360153670Swollman# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 361153670Swollman# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 362153670Swollman# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 363153670Swollman# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 364153670Swollman 365153670Swollman 3662742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3672742SwollmanZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 36819878Swollman 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 36919878Swollman 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 37019878Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 37119878Swollman 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 37220094Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 37320094Swollman 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 37420094Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 37543543Swollman 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 376136638Swollman 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 377153670Swollman 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 378153670Swollman 4:00 - GET 3792742Swollman 38058787Sru# East Timor 38175267Swollman 38275267Swollman# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 38375267Swollman# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 38475267Swollman# East Timor may be late for its millennium 38575267Swollman# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 38675267Swollman# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 38775267Swollman# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 38875267Swollman# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 38975267Swollman# conflicts with their way of life. 39075267Swollman 39175267Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 39275267Swollman# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 39375267Swollman# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 39475267Swollman 39575267Swollman# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 39675267Swollman# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 39775267Swollman# (2000-08-16)</a>: 39875267Swollman# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 39975267Swollman# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 40075267Swollman# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 40175267Swollman# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 40275267Swollman 40358787Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 40458787SruZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 405149514Swollman 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 40658787Sru 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 407149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 40886222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 409149514Swollman 9:00 - TLT 41058787Sru 4112742Swollman# India 4122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 413136638SwollmanZone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 41419878Swollman 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 41519878Swollman 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 4162742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 4172742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 4182742Swollman 5:30 - IST 4192742Swollman# The following are like Asia/Calcutta: 4202742Swollman# Andaman Is 4212742Swollman# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 4222742Swollman# Nicobar Is 4232742Swollman 4242742Swollman# Indonesia 42586222Swollman# 42686222Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks: 42786222Swollman# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 42886222Swollman# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 42986222Swollman# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 43086222Swollman# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 43186222Swollman# 4322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4332742SwollmanZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 43458787Sru# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 43558787Sru# but this must be a typo. 43658787Sru 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 43719878Swollman 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 43886222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 4392742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 44086222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 44186222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 44286222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 44386222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 44486222SwollmanZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 44586222Swollman 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 44686222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 44786222Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 44886222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 44986222Swollman 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 45086222Swollman 7:30 - WIT 1964 45186222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 45286222Swollman 7:00 - WIT 45393799SwollmanZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 45419878Swollman 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 45586222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 4562742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 45786222Swollman 8:00 - CIT 4582742SwollmanZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 45986222Swollman 9:00 - EIT 1944 4602742Swollman 9:30 - CST 1964 46186222Swollman 9:00 - EIT 4622742Swollman 4632742Swollman# Iran 464114173Swollman 465114173Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 466114173Swollman# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 467114173Swollman# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 46821217Swollman# 469114173Swollman# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 470114173Swollman# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 47121217Swollman# 472114173Swollman# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 473114173Swollman# 474114173Swollman# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 475114173Swollman# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 476114173Swollman# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 477114173Swollman# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 478114173Swollman# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 479114173Swollman# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 480114173Swollman# 481114173Swollman# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 482114173Swollman# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 483114173Swollman# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 484114173Swollman# Shahrivar. 485114173Swollman# 486114173Swollman# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 487114173Swollman# 488114173Swollman# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 489114173Swollman# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 490114173Swollman# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 491114173Swollman# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 492114173Swollman# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 493114173Swollman# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 494149514Swollman# 495149514Swollman# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 496149514Swollman# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 497149514Swollman# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 498149514Swollman# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 499149514Swollman# plan to change that law.... 500149514Swollman# 501149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-05): 502114173Swollman# Go with Shanks before September 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 503149514Swollman# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 504149514Swollman# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 505149514Swollman# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 506149514Swollman# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 50721217Swollman# 508149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 509149514Swollman# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 510149514Swollman# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 511149514Swollman# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 512149514Swollman# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 513149514Swollman# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 514149514Swollman# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 515149514Swollman# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 516149514Swollman# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 517149514Swollman# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 518149514Swollman# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 519149514Swollman# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 520149514Swollman# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 521149514Swollman# 5222742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 523114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 524114173SwollmanRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 525114173SwollmanRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 526114173SwollmanRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 527114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 528114173SwollmanRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 529114173SwollmanRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 530114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 531114173SwollmanRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 532114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 533114173SwollmanRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 534114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 535114173SwollmanRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 536114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 537114173SwollmanRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 538114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 539114173SwollmanRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 540114173SwollmanRule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 541114173SwollmanRule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 542114173SwollmanRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 543114173SwollmanRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 544114173SwollmanRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 545114173SwollmanRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 546114173SwollmanRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 547114173SwollmanRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 548114173SwollmanRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 549114173SwollmanRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 550114173SwollmanRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 551114173SwollmanRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 552114173SwollmanRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 553114173SwollmanRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 554114173SwollmanRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 555114173SwollmanRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 556114173SwollmanRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 557114173SwollmanRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 558149514SwollmanRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 559149514SwollmanRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 560149514SwollmanRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 561149514SwollmanRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 562114173SwollmanRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 563114173SwollmanRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 564114173SwollmanRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 565114173SwollmanRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 566114173SwollmanRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 567114173SwollmanRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 568114173SwollmanRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 569114173SwollmanRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 570114173SwollmanRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 571114173SwollmanRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 5722742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5732742SwollmanZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 57419878Swollman 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 575114173Swollman 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 57619878Swollman 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 57719878Swollman 3:30 Iran IR%sT 5782742Swollman 57964499Swollman 5802742Swollman# Iraq 58164499Swollman# 582149514Swollman# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 58364499Swollman# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 58475267Swollman# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 58564499Swollman# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 58664499Swollman# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 58764499Swollman# 58864499Swollman# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 58964499Swollman# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 59064499Swollman# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 59164499Swollman# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 59264499Swollman# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 59364499Swollman# 59464499Swollman# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 59564499Swollman 5962742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 5972742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 5982742SwollmanRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 5992742SwollmanRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 6002742SwollmanRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 60120094SwollmanRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 60220094SwollmanRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 60320094Swollman# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 60458787Sru# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this. 60520094SwollmanRule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 60667578SwollmanRule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 6072742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6082742SwollmanZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 60919878Swollman 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 6102742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1982 May 6112742Swollman 3:00 Iraq A%sT 6122742Swollman 6132742Swollman 6142742Swollman############################################################################### 6152742Swollman 6162742Swollman# Israel 6172742Swollman 61875267Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 61975267Swollman# 62075267Swollman# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 62175267Swollman# different abbreviations in use: 62275267Swollman# 62375267Swollman# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 62475267Swollman# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 62575267Swollman# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 62675267Swollman# 62775267Swollman# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 62875267Swollman# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 62975267Swollman# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 63075267Swollman# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 63175267Swollman# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 63275267Swollman# settings in Israeli computers. 63375267Swollman# 63475267Swollman# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 63575267Swollman# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 63675267Swollman# family is from India). 6372742Swollman 63858787Sru# From Shanks: 6392742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6402742SwollmanRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 6412742SwollmanRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 6422742SwollmanRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 6432742SwollmanRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 6442742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 6452742SwollmanRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 6462742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 6472742SwollmanRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 6482742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 6492742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 6502742SwollmanRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 6512742SwollmanRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 6522742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 6532742SwollmanRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 6542742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 6552742SwollmanRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 6562742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 6572742SwollmanRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 6582742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 6592742SwollmanRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 6602742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 6612742SwollmanRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 6622742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 6632742SwollmanRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 6642742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 6652742SwollmanRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 6662742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 6672742SwollmanRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 6682742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 6692742SwollmanRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 6702742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 6712742SwollmanRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 6722742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 6732742SwollmanRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 6742742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 6752742SwollmanRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 6762742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 6772742SwollmanRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 6782742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 6792742SwollmanRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 6802742Swollman 681149514Swollman# From Ephraim Silverberg 682149514Swollman# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 683149514Swollman# and 2005-02-17): 68430711Swollman 6852742Swollman# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 6862742Swollman# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 68743543Swollman# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 68843543Swollman# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 68943543Swollman# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 69043543Swollman# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 69143543Swollman# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 69243543Swollman# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 69343543Swollman# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 69464499Swollman# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 69564499Swollman# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 69643543Swollman# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 69764499Swollman# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 69864499Swollman# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 69964499Swollman# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 70064499Swollman# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 70164499Swollman# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 70264499Swollman# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 70364499Swollman# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 70464499Swollman# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 70564499Swollman# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 70664499Swollman# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 7072742Swollman 7082742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7092742SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 71019878SwollmanRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 7112742SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 71219878SwollmanRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 7132742SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 71419878SwollmanRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 7152742SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 71619878SwollmanRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 7172742SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 71819878SwollmanRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 7192742Swollman 72014343Swollman# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 72114343Swollman# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 72230711Swollman# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 7232742Swollman 72475267Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 72519878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 72619878SwollmanRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 72719878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 72819878SwollmanRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 7292742Swollman 73030711Swollman# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 73130711Swollman# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 73243014Swollman# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 73314343Swollman# 734149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 73514343Swollman# 73643014Swollman# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 73730711Swollman# 73858787Sru# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 73943014Swollman# 740149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 74143014Swollman# 74258787Sru# where YYYY is the relevant year. 7439908Swollman 74414343Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 74530711SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 74619878SwollmanRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 74730711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 74830711SwollmanRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 74930711SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 75043014SwollmanRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 75143543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 75243543SwollmanRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 75314343Swollman 75464499Swollman# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 75564499Swollman# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 75664499Swollman# years 2001-2004 as well. 75758787Sru# 75864499Swollman# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 75958787Sru# 760149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 76164499Swollman# 76264499Swollman# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 76364499Swollman# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 76464499Swollman# 765149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 76643014Swollman 76758787Sru# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 76858787SruRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 76964499SwollmanRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 77064499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 77164499SwollmanRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 77264499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 77364499SwollmanRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 77464499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 77564499SwollmanRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 77664499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 77764499SwollmanRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 77858787Sru 779149514Swollman# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 780149514Swollman# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 781149514Swollman# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 782149514Swollman# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 783149514Swollman# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 784149514Swollman# 785149514Swollman# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 786149514Swollman# 787149514Swollman# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 78830711Swollman 789149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 790149514Swollman# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 791149514Swollman# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 792149514Swollman# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 793149514Swollman# to generate the transitions in this list. 794149514Swollman# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 795149514Swollman# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 796149514Swollman# 797149514Swollman# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 798149514Swollman# 799149514Swollman# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 800149514Swollman# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 801149514Swollman# springtime transitions explicitly. 802149514Swollman 803149514Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 804149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 805149514SwollmanRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 806149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 807149514SwollmanRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 808149514SwollmanRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 809149514SwollmanRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 810149514SwollmanRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 811149514SwollmanRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 812149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 813149514SwollmanRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 814149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 815149514SwollmanRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 816149514SwollmanRule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 817149514SwollmanRule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 818149514SwollmanRule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 819149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 820149514SwollmanRule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 821149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 822149514SwollmanRule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 823149514SwollmanRule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 824149514SwollmanRule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 825149514SwollmanRule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 826149514SwollmanRule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 827149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 828149514SwollmanRule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 829149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 830149514SwollmanRule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 831149514SwollmanRule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 832149514SwollmanRule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 833149514SwollmanRule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 834149514SwollmanRule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 835149514SwollmanRule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 836149514SwollmanRule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 837149514SwollmanRule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 838149514SwollmanRule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 839149514SwollmanRule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 840149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 841149514SwollmanRule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 842149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 843149514SwollmanRule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 844149514SwollmanRule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 845149514SwollmanRule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 846149514SwollmanRule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 847149514Swollman 8482742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 84914343SwollmanZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 85019878Swollman 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 8512742Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 8522742Swollman 8532742Swollman 854105196Swollman 8552742Swollman############################################################################### 8562742Swollman 8572742Swollman# Japan 8582742Swollman 8592742Swollman# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 8602742Swollman 861149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 8629908Swollman# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 8639908Swollman# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 8649908Swollman# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 865149590Swollman 866149590Swollman# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 867149590Swollman# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 868149590Swollman# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 869149590Swollman# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 870149590Swollman# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 871149590Swollman# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 872149590Swollman# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 873149590Swollman# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 874149590Swollman# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 875149590Swollman# wanted to keep it.) 876149590Swollman 8779908Swollman# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows: 8789908Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 879149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 880149590SwollmanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 881149590SwollmanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 882149590SwollmanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 883149590Swollman# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 884149590Swollman# Shanks's audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 885149590Swollman# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 886149590Swollman# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 8872742Swollman 88843543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 88943543Swollman# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 89043543Swollman# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 89143543Swollman# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 89243543Swollman# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 89343543Swollman# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 89443543Swollman# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 89543543Swollman 89643543Swollman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 89743543Swollman# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 89843543Swollman# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 89943543Swollman# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 90043543Swollman# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 90143543Swollman# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 90243543Swollman# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 90343543Swollman# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 90443543Swollman# standard.... 90543543Swollman# 90643543Swollman# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 90743543Swollman# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 90843543Swollman 90943543Swollman# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki) 91043543Swollman# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 91143543Swollman 9122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 91343543SwollmanZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 91443543Swollman 9:00 - JST 1896 91543543Swollman 9:00 - CJT 1938 916149590Swollman 9:00 Japan J%sT 91743543Swollman# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 9182742Swollman 9192742Swollman# Jordan 92058787Sru# 92158787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 92258787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 92358787Sru# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 92458787Sru# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 92558787Sru# all year round. 92658787Sru# 92758787Sru# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 92858787Sru# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 92958787Sru# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 93058787Sru# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 93158787Sru# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 93258787Sru# government's departments from six to seven hours. 93358787Sru# 934153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 935153670Swollman# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 936153670Swollman# 9372742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 93875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 93975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 94075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 94175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 94275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 94375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 94475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 94575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 94675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 94775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 94875267SwollmanRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 94975267SwollmanRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 95075267SwollmanRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 95175267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 95275267SwollmanRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 95375267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 95475267SwollmanRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 95575267SwollmanRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 95675267SwollmanRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 95775267SwollmanRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 95858787SruRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 959153670SwollmanRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 96058787SruRule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 961153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 962153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 963153670SwollmanRule Jordan 2005 max - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 9642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9652742SwollmanZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 96619878Swollman 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 9672742Swollman 968149514Swollman 9692742Swollman# Kazakhstan 970149514Swollman 97120094Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 972149514Swollman# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 97320094Swollman# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 97420094Swollman# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 97520094Swollman# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 97620094Swollman# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 977149514Swollman 97893799Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-10-18): 97993799Swollman# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 98093799Swollman# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 98193799Swollman# Go with Shanks, who has them always using RussiaAsia rules. 98293799Swollman# Also go with the following claims of Shanks: 98393799Swollman# 98493799Swollman# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 98593799Swollman# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 98693799Swollman# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 987149514Swollman 988149514Swollman# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 989149514Swollman# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 990149514Swollman# </a> 991149514Swollman# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 992149514Swollman# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 993149514Swollman# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 99493799Swollman# 995149514Swollman# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 996149514Swollman# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 997149514Swollman# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 998149514Swollman# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 999149514Swollman# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1000149514Swollman# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1001149514Swollman# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1002149514Swollman# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1003149514Swollman# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1004149514Swollman 1005114173Swollman# 10062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 100793799Swollman# 100893799Swollman# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 100943014SwollmanZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 101093799Swollman 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 101193799Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 101293799Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1013149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1014149514Swollman 6:00 - ALMT 101593799Swollman# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 101693799SwollmanZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 101793799Swollman 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 101893799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 101993799Swollman 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 102093799Swollman 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 102193799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 102293799Swollman 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 102393799Swollman 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1024149514Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1025149514Swollman 6:00 - QYZT 102693799Swollman# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 102720094SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 102893799Swollman 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 102993799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 103093799Swollman 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 103193799Swollman 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 103293799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 103393799Swollman 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1034149514Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1035149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 103693799Swollman# Mangghystau 103793799Swollman# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 103893799Swollman# so include time stamps before 1963. 103993799SwollmanZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 104093799Swollman 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 104193799Swollman 5:00 - FORT 1963 104293799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 104393799Swollman 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 104493799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 104593799Swollman 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1046121098Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1047149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1048149514Swollman 5:00 - AQTT 104993799Swollman# West Kazakhstan 105093799SwollmanZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 105193799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 105293799Swollman 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 105393799Swollman 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 105493799Swollman 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 105593799Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 105693799Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 105793799Swollman 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1058149514Swollman 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1059149514Swollman 5:00 - ORAT 10602742Swollman 106167578Swollman# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 106258787Sru# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks. 1063149514Swollman 1064149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1065149514Swollman# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1066149514Swollman# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1067149514Swollman# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1068149514Swollman# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1069153670Swollman# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1070153670Swollman# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1071153670Swollman# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1072149514Swollman 107320094Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1074153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1075153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1076153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1077153670SwollmanRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 10789908Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10799908SwollmanZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 108043014Swollman 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 108119878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 108258787Sru 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1083153670Swollman 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1084153670Swollman 6:00 - KGT 10859908Swollman 10862742Swollman############################################################################### 10872742Swollman 108843014Swollman# Korea (North and South) 10892742Swollman 10902742Swollman# From Guy Harris: 10912742Swollman# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco, 10922742Swollman# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know 10932742Swollman# at what time of day DST starts or ends. 10942742Swollman 109558787Sru# From Shanks: 10962742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10972742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 10982742SwollmanRule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 10992742SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D 11002742SwollmanRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S 11012742Swollman 11022742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11032742SwollmanZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 11042742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 11052742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 11062742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 11072742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 11082742Swollman 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 11092742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 11102742Swollman 9:00 ROK K%sT 11112742SwollmanZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 11122742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 11132742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1928 11142742Swollman 8:30 - KST 1932 11152742Swollman 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 11162742Swollman 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 11172742Swollman 9:00 - KST 11182742Swollman 11192742Swollman############################################################################### 11202742Swollman 11212742Swollman# Kuwait 11222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11232742SwollmanZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 11242742Swollman 3:00 - AST 11252742Swollman 11262742Swollman# Laos 11272742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 112867578SwollmanZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 112919878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 11302742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 11312742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 11322742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 11332742Swollman 11342742Swollman# Lebanon 11352742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 113619878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 11372742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 113819878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 11392742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 114019878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 11412742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 114219878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 11432742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 114419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 11452742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 114619878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 11472742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 114819878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 114919878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 11502742SwollmanRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 115119878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 115220094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 115319878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 115419878SwollmanRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 115520094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 115620094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 115720094SwollmanRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 115858787SruRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 115958787SruRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 11602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11612742SwollmanZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 116219878Swollman 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 11632742Swollman 11642742Swollman# Malaysia 116519878Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 116686222SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 116719878SwollmanRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 116886222Swollman# 1169136638Swollman# peninsular Malaysia 1170136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1171136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 11722742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1173136638SwollmanZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1174136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1175136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1176136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1177136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1178136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1179136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1180136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 118119878Swollman 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 118286222Swollman# Sabah & Sarawak 1183136638Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2003-11-01): 1184136638Swollman# The data here are mostly from Shanks, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1185136638Swollman# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1186136638Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 118719878SwollmanZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 118819878Swollman 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1189136638Swollman 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1190136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1191136638Swollman 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 119219878Swollman 8:00 - MYT 11932742Swollman 11942742Swollman# Maldives 11952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 119619878SwollmanZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 119719878Swollman 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 119819878Swollman 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 11992742Swollman 12002742Swollman# Mongolia 120158787Sru 120243014Swollman# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map 120343014Swollman# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01) 120417200Swollman# both say that it has just one. 120558787Sru 120658787Sru# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 120758787Sru# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 120858787Sru# General Information Mongolia 120958787Sru# </a> (1999-09) 121058787Sru# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 121158787Sru# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 121258787Sru# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 121358787Sru# eight hours." 121458787Sru 121558787Sru# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 121658787Sru# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 121758787Sru# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 121858787Sru# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 121958787Sru# of implementation may have been different.... 122058787Sru# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 122158787Sru# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 122258787Sru# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 122358787Sru 122458787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 122558787Sru# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 122658787Sru# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 122758787Sru# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 122858787Sru# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 122958787Sru# is good enough for our purposes. 123058787Sru 123186222Swollman# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 123286222Swollman# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 123386222Swollman# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 123486222Swollman# there are three time zones. 123586222Swollman# 123686222Swollman# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 123786222Swollman# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 123886222Swollman# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 123986222Swollman# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 124086222Swollman# 124186222Swollman# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 124286222Swollman 1243149514Swollman# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1244136638Swollman# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1245136638Swollman# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1246136638Swollman# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1247136638Swollman# 1248136638Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1249136638Swollman# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1250136638Swollman# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1251136638Swollman 1252149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1253149514Swollman# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1254149514Swollman# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1255149514Swollman# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1256149514Swollman# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1257149514Swollman# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1258149514Swollman# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1259149514Swollman# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1260149514Swollman# He also found 1261149514Swollman# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1262149514Swollman# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1263149514Swollman# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1264149514Swollman# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1265149514Swollman# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1266149514Swollman# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1267149514Swollman# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1268149514Swollman# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1269149514Swollman 12702742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 127186222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 127286222SwollmanRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 127386222Swollman# IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists 127486222Swollman# them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00. 127586222Swollman# Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998. 127686222SwollmanRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 127786222SwollmanRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 127858787Sru# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1279136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1280136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2001 max - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1281136638SwollmanRule Mongol 2002 max - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 128258787Sru 12832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 128486222Swollman# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 128558787SruZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 128658787Sru 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 128758787Sru 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 128886222Swollman# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 128958787SruZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 129058787Sru 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 129119878Swollman 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 129286222Swollman# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 129386222Swollman# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 129486222SwollmanZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 129586222Swollman 7:00 - ULAT 1978 129686222Swollman 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 129786222Swollman 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time 12982742Swollman 12992742Swollman# Nepal 13002742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13012742SwollmanZone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 13022742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1986 130319878Swollman 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 13042742Swollman 13052742Swollman# Oman 13062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13072742SwollmanZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 13082742Swollman 4:00 - GST 13092742Swollman 13102742Swollman# Pakistan 131193799Swollman 131293799Swollman# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 131393799Swollman# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 131493799Swollman# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 131593799Swollman# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 131693799Swollman# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 131793799Swollman# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 131893799Swollman 131993799Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 132093799Swollman# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 132193799Swollman# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 132293799Swollman# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 132393799Swollman# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 132493799Swollman# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 132593799Swollman# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 132693799Swollman# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 132793799Swollman# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 132893799Swollman# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 132993799Swollman# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 133093799Swollman 1331114173Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1332114173Swollman# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1333114173Swollman# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1334114173Swollman 1335114173Swollman# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1336114173Swollman# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1337114173Swollman# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1338114173Swollman# 1339114173Swollman# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1340114173Swollman# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1341114173Swollman# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1342114173Swollman# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1343114173Swollman# 1344114173Swollman# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1345114173Swollman# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1346114173Swollman 1347114173Swollman 134893799Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1349114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1350114173SwollmanRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 13512742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13522742SwollmanZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 13532742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 13542742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 13552742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 135619878Swollman 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 135793799Swollman 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 13582742Swollman 13592742Swollman# Palestine 136043014Swollman 1361149514Swollman# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 136243014Swollman# 136343014Swollman# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 136443014Swollman# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 136543014Swollman# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 136643014Swollman# 136743014Swollman# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 136843014Swollman# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 136943014Swollman# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 137043014Swollman# though. 137143014Swollman# 137243014Swollman# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 137343014Swollman# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 137443014Swollman# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 137543014Swollman# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 137643014Swollman# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 137743014Swollman# East Jerusalem. 137843014Swollman# 137943014Swollman# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 138043014Swollman# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 138143014Swollman# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 138243014Swollman# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 138343014Swollman# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 138443014Swollman# 138543014Swollman# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 138643014Swollman# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 138743014Swollman# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 138843014Swollman# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 138943014Swollman# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 139043014Swollman# Jordanian one). 139143014Swollman# 139243014Swollman# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 139343014Swollman# 139443014Swollman# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 139543014Swollman# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 139643014Swollman# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 139743014Swollman# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 139843014Swollman# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 139943014Swollman# 140043014Swollman# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 140143014Swollman# have one). 140243014Swollman 140343014Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): 140443014Swollman# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go 140543014Swollman# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 140643014Swollman# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 140743014Swollman# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 140843014Swollman# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 140943014Swollman# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 141043014Swollman# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 141143014Swollman# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 141243014Swollman# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 141343014Swollman# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 141443014Swollman 141543014Swollman# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 141643014Swollman# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 141743014Swollman# 141843014Swollman# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 141943014Swollman# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 142043014Swollman# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 142143014Swollman# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 142243014Swollman 142358787Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 142458787Sru# Daoud Kuttab writes in 142558787Sru# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 142658787Sru# Holiday havoc 142758787Sru# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 142858787Sru# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 142958787Sru# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 143058787Sru# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 143158787Sru# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 143258787Sru 1433153670Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1434153670Swollman# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1435153670Swollman 143658787Sru# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 14372742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 143819878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 143917200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 144019878SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 144120094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 144217200SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 144320094SwollmanRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 144458787Sru 144558787SruRule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1446153670SwollmanRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1447153670SwollmanRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 1448153670SwollmanRule Palestine 2005 max - Oct 4 1:00 0 - 144958787Sru 14502742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14512742SwollmanZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 145243014Swollman 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 145343014Swollman 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 145443014Swollman 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 145558787Sru 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 145658787Sru 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 14572742Swollman 145814343Swollman# Paracel Is 145914343Swollman# no information 146014343Swollman 14612742Swollman# Philippines 146275267Swollman# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 146375267Swollman# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 146475267Swollman# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 146575267Swollman# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 14662742Swollman# The rest of this data is from Shanks. 14672742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 146819878SwollmanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 146919878SwollmanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 147019878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 147119878SwollmanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 147219878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 147319878SwollmanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 14742742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 147575267SwollmanZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 14762742Swollman 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 147719878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 14782742Swollman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 147919878Swollman 8:00 Phil PH%sT 14802742Swollman 14812742Swollman# Qatar 14822742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 148367578SwollmanZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 14842742Swollman 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 14852742Swollman 3:00 - AST 14862742Swollman 14872742Swollman# Saudi Arabia 14882742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14892742SwollmanZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 14902742Swollman 3:00 - AST 14912742Swollman 14922742Swollman# Singapore 1493136638Swollman# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1494136638Swollman# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 14952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1496136638SwollmanZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1497136638Swollman 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1498136638Swollman 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1499136638Swollman 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1500136638Swollman 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1501136638Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1502136638Swollman 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 150319878Swollman 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1504136638Swollman 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 15052742Swollman 8:00 - SGT 15062742Swollman 150714343Swollman# Spratly Is 150814343Swollman# no information 150914343Swollman 15102742Swollman# Sri Lanka 151119878Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 151258787Sru# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 151358787Sru# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 151458787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 151519878Swollman# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 151619878Swollman# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 151730711Swollman# 151830711Swollman# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 151943014Swollman# by Shamindra in 152043014Swollman# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 152143014Swollman# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 152243014Swollman# </a>: 152330711Swollman# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 152430711Swollman# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 152519878Swollman 15262742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15272742SwollmanZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 152843014Swollman 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 15292742Swollman 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 15302742Swollman 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 15312742Swollman 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 153219878Swollman 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 153330711Swollman 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 153430711Swollman 6:00 - LKT 15352742Swollman 15362742Swollman# Syria 15372742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 153819878SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 15392742SwollmanRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 154019878SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 15412742SwollmanRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 154219878SwollmanRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 15432742SwollmanRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 15442742SwollmanRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 15452742SwollmanRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 154619878SwollmanRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 15472742SwollmanRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 154819878SwollmanRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 15492742SwollmanRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 155019878SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 15512742SwollmanRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 155219878SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 15532742SwollmanRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 155419878SwollmanRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 15552742SwollmanRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 155619878SwollmanRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 155719878SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 15582742SwollmanRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 155920094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 156020094SwollmanRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 156120094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 156220094SwollmanRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 156320094SwollmanRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 156420094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 156520094SwollmanRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 156658787Sru# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 156758787Sru# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 156858787Sru# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 156958787Sru# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks. 157058787SruRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 157120094SwollmanRule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 157258787SruRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 157358787SruRule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 15742742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 157567578SwollmanZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 157619878Swollman 2:00 Syria EE%sT 15772742Swollman 15782742Swollman# Tajikistan 157958787Sru# From Shanks. 15802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15812742SwollmanZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 158243014Swollman 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 158319878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 158458787Sru 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 158519878Swollman 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 15862742Swollman 15872742Swollman# Thailand 15882742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15892742SwollmanZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 159019878Swollman 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 15912742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 15922742Swollman 15932742Swollman# Turkmenistan 159458787Sru# From Shanks. 15952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 159667578SwollmanZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 159743014Swollman 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 159858787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 159958787Sru 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 160058787Sru 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 160143014Swollman 5:00 - TMT 16022742Swollman 16032742Swollman# United Arab Emirates 16042742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16052742SwollmanZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 16062742Swollman 4:00 - GST 16072742Swollman 16082742Swollman# Uzbekistan 16092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 161043014SwollmanZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 161143014Swollman 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 161243014Swollman 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 161343014Swollman 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 161443014Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time 161558787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 161658787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 161743014Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 161843014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 16192742SwollmanZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 162043014Swollman 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 162119878Swollman 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 162258787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 162358787Sru 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 162443014Swollman 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 162543014Swollman 5:00 - UZT 16262742Swollman 16272742Swollman# Vietnam 1628149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): 16292742Swollman# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long. 16302742Swollman# We'll stick with the traditional name for now. 163158787Sru# From Shanks: 16322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16332742SwollmanZone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 163419878Swollman 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 16352742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 16362742Swollman 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 16372742Swollman 7:00 - ICT 16382742Swollman 16392742Swollman# Yemen 16402742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16412742SwollmanZone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 16422742Swollman 3:00 - AST 1643