africa revision 153761
1153761Swollman# @(#)africa 7.40 2153761Swollman# <pre> 367578Swollman 42742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 52742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 62742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 72742Swollman 8149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22): 92742Swollman# 102742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 1158787Sru# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 1258787Sru# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 132742Swollman# 1486222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1520094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1620094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1720094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1820094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 1920094Swollman# 2020094Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 2120094Swollman# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2220094Swollman# 232742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 242742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 252742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 262742Swollman# 2714343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 2858787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 2914343Swollman# 3030711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 3130711Swollman# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 32149514Swollman# but Mark R V Murray reports that 3330711Swollman# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 3430711Swollman# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 3530711Swollman# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 3630711Swollman# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 3730711Swollman# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 382742Swollman# 3930711Swollman# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 4030711Swollman# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 4130711Swollman# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 4230711Swollman# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 4330711Swollman# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 442742Swollman# 4530711Swollman# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 4630711Swollman# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 4730711Swollman# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 4830711Swollman# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 4930711Swollman# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 5030711Swollman# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 5130711Swollman# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 5230711Swollman# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 5330711Swollman# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 5430711Swollman# until we get more information. 552742Swollman# 5630711Swollman# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 5730711Swollman# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 5830711Swollman# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 5986222Swollman# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 6030711Swollman# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6130711Swollman# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 622742Swollman# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 6330711Swollman# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 642742Swollman 652742Swollman# Algeria 662742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 682742SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 - 6919878SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 7019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 7119878SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 7219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 732742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 752742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 772742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 7819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 S 792742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 802742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 8119878SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 822742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 842742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8519878SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 862742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 8719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 882742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 8914343Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. 902742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 912742SwollmanZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 9214343Swollman 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 9319878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 9419878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 952742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 9619878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 9719878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 9819878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 9919878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 10019878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1012742Swollman 1022742Swollman# Angola 1032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1042742SwollmanZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 10586222Swollman 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 10630711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1072742Swollman 1082742Swollman# Benin 1092742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks. 1102742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1112742SwollmanZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 11230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 11330711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1142742Swollman 1152742Swollman# Botswana 1162742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1172742SwollmanZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 11830711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 11930711Swollman 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 12030711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1212742Swollman 1222742Swollman# Burkina Faso 1232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1242742SwollmanZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 12530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1262742Swollman 1272742Swollman# Burundi 1282742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1292742SwollmanZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 13030711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1312742Swollman 1322742Swollman# Cameroon 1332742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks. 1342742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1352742SwollmanZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 13630711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1372742Swollman 1382742Swollman# Cape Verde 1392742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1402742SwollmanZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 1412742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 1422742Swollman -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 1432742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 14419878Swollman -1:00 - CVT 1452742Swollman 1462742Swollman# Central African Republic 1472742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1482742SwollmanZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 14930711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1502742Swollman 1512742Swollman# Chad 1522742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1532742SwollmanZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 15430711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 15530711Swollman 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 15630711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1572742Swollman 1582742Swollman# Comoros 1592742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1602742SwollmanZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 1612742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1622742Swollman 16330711Swollman# Democratic Republic of Congo 1642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16530711SwollmanZone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 16630711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 16730711SwollmanZone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 16830711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 16930711Swollman 17030711Swollman# Republic of the Congo 17130711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1722742SwollmanZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 17330711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1742742Swollman 1752742Swollman# Cote D'Ivoire 1762742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1772742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 17830711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1792742Swollman 1802742Swollman# Djibouti 1812742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1822742SwollmanZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1832742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1842742Swollman 1852742Swollman############################################################################### 1862742Swollman 1872742Swollman# Egypt 1882742Swollman 1892742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 19019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 1912742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19219878SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1932742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 19419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1952742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 1962742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 19719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 19819878SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1992742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 20019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 20119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2022742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 20330711SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 20419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 20519878SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 20619878SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 20830711SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20943014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 21043543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 21158787SruRule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 21243543SwollmanRule Egypt 1995 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 21320094Swollman 2142742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2152742SwollmanZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 21619878Swollman 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 2172742Swollman 2182742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 2192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2202742SwollmanZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 22130711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 22230711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 2232742Swollman 2242742Swollman# Eritrea 2252742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2262742SwollmanZone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 22719878Swollman 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmera Mean Time 22830711Swollman 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 2292742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2302742Swollman 2312742Swollman# Ethiopia 23230711Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05): 23330711Swollman# Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between 23430711Swollman# 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 23530711Swollman# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 2362742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2372742SwollmanZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 23830711Swollman 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 2392742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2402742Swollman 2412742Swollman# Gabon 2422742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2432742SwollmanZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 24430711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 2452742Swollman 2462742Swollman# Gambia 2472742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2482742SwollmanZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 24919878Swollman -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 25030711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1964 25130711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 2522742Swollman 2532742Swollman# Ghana 2542742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2552742Swollman# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks. 25630711SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 25730711SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 2582742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2592742SwollmanZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 2602742Swollman 0:00 Ghana %s 2612742Swollman 2622742Swollman# Guinea 2632742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2642742SwollmanZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 26530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 26630711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 26730711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 2682742Swollman 2692742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 2702742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2712742SwollmanZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 27230711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1975 27330711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 2742742Swollman 2752742Swollman# Kenya 2762742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2772742SwollmanZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 2782742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 27930711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1940 28086222Swollman 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 2812742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2822742Swollman 2832742Swollman# Lesotho 2842742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2852742SwollmanZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 28630711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 2872742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 28830711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 2892742Swollman 2902742Swollman# Liberia 291149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17): 2922742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 29386222Swollman# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 29414343Swollman# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 29514343Swollman# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks. 29614343Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman 29714343Swollman# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 2982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2992742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 3002742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 30119878Swollman -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 30230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3032742Swollman 3042742Swollman############################################################################### 3052742Swollman 3062742Swollman# Libya 3072742Swollman 3082742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 30919878SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 3102742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 31119878SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 3122742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 31319878SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 3142742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 31519878SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 3162742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 31719878SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 31819878SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 3192742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 32019878SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 321149514SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3232742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 32419878Swollman 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 3252742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 32658787Sru 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 32758787Sru# The following entries are all from Shanks; 32858787Sru# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 32958787Sru 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 33058787Sru 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 33158787Sru 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 33243014Swollman 2:00 - EET 3332742Swollman 3342742Swollman# Madagascar 3352742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3362742SwollmanZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 3372742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 3382742Swollman 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 3392742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3402742Swollman 3412742Swollman# Malawi 3422742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3432742SwollmanZone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 34430711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 3452742Swollman 3462742Swollman# Mali 3472742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3482742SwollmanZone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 34930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 35030711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 35130711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3522742Swollman 3532742Swollman# Mauritania 3542742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3552742SwollmanZone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 35630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 35730711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 35830711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3592742Swollman 3602742Swollman# Mauritius 3612742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3622742SwollmanZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 36319878Swollman 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time 3642742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 3652742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 3662742Swollman 3672742Swollman# Mayotte 3682742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36914343SwollmanZone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 3702742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3712742Swollman 3722742Swollman# Morocco 37330711Swollman# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 37420094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 37519878SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 3762742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 37719878SwollmanRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 3782742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 37919878SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 3802742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 38119878SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 3822742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 38319878SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 3842742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 38519878SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 3862742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 3872742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 38819878SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 3892742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 3902742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3912742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 39219878Swollman 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 39319878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1986 3942742Swollman 0:00 - WET 39519878Swollman# Western Sahara 39619878SwollmanZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 39730711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 39819878Swollman 0:00 - WET 3998029Swollman 4002742Swollman# Mozambique 4012742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4022742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 40330711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 4042742Swollman 4052742Swollman# Namibia 40630711Swollman# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks. 40758787Sru# Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 40820094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 40920094SwollmanRule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 41020094SwollmanRule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 4112742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4122742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 4132742Swollman 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 41430711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 4152742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 41630711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 41730711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 41830711Swollman 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 4192742Swollman 4202742Swollman# Niger 4212742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 42230711SwollmanZone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 42330711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 42430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1960 42530711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 4262742Swollman 4272742Swollman# Nigeria 4282742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4292742SwollmanZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 43030711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 4312742Swollman 4322742Swollman# Reunion 4332742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 43414343SwollmanZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 43519878Swollman 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 43643014Swollman# 43743014Swollman# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 43843014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from 43958787Sru# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 44058787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 44158787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories. 44243014Swollman# 44343014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited 44443014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 44543014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 44643014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 44743014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 4482742Swollman 4492742Swollman# Rwanda 4502742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4512742SwollmanZone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 45230711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 4532742Swollman 4542742Swollman# St Helena 4552742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4562742SwollmanZone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 45730711Swollman -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 4582742Swollman 0:00 - GMT 45914343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 46030711Swollman# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 46130711Swollman# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 46258787Sru# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 46358787Sru# on GMT, says the CIA 46430711Swollman# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 46514343Swollman 4662742Swollman# Sao Tome and Principe 4672742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4682742SwollmanZone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 46919878Swollman -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 47030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4712742Swollman 4722742Swollman# Senegal 4732742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4742742SwollmanZone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 47530711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 47630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4772742Swollman 4782742Swollman# Seychelles 4792742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4802742SwollmanZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 48119878Swollman 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 48286222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 48386222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 48486222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 48586222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 48686222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 48786222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 4882742Swollman 4892742Swollman# Sierra Leone 4902742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 4912742Swollman# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks. 49230711SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 49330711SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 49430711SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 49530711SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 4962742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4972742SwollmanZone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 49819878Swollman -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 49930711Swollman -1:00 SL %s 1957 50030711Swollman 0:00 SL %s 5012742Swollman 5022742Swollman# Somalia 5032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5042742SwollmanZone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 5052742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1931 50630711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1957 5072742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 5082742Swollman 5092742Swollman# South Africa 5102742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 51130711SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 5122742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 5132742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5142742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 51530711Swollman 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 51630711Swollman 2:00 SA SAST 51730711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is 51858787Sru# scientific station since 1947 5192742Swollman# no information 5202742Swollman 5212742Swollman# Sudan 52258787Sru# 52358787Sru# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 52458787Sru# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 52558787Sru# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 52658787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 52758787Sru# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 52858787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 52958787Sru# 5302742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 53119878SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 53214343SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 53319878SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 53419878SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 5352742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5362742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 53758787Sru 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 53858787Sru 3:00 - EAT 5392742Swollman 5402742Swollman# Swaziland 5412742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5422742SwollmanZone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 54330711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 5442742Swollman 5452742Swollman# Tanzania 5462742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5472742SwollmanZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 5482742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1948 54986222Swollman 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 5502742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 5512742Swollman 5522742Swollman# Togo 5532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5542742SwollmanZone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 55530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 5562742Swollman 5572742Swollman# Tunisia 558149514Swollman 559149514Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 560149514Swollman# 561149514Swollman# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 562149514Swollman# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 563149514Swollman# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 564149514Swollman# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 565149514Swollman# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 566149514Swollman# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 567149514Swollman# Saturday." (My translation) 568149514Swollman# 569149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 570149514Swollman# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 571149514Swollman# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 572149514Swollman# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 573149514Swollman# 1h standard time. 574149514Swollman 5752742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 57619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 5772742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 57819878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 5792742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 58019878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 5812742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 58219878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 5832742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 58419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 5852742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 58619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 5872742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 5882742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 58919878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 5902742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 59119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 5922742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 59319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 59420094SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 59519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 59619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 597149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 598149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 59914343Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. 60014343Swollman# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 6012742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6022742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 60314343Swollman 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 60419878Swollman 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 6052742Swollman 6062742Swollman# Uganda 6072742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6082742SwollmanZone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 6092742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 6102742Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1948 61186222Swollman 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 6122742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 6132742Swollman 6142742Swollman# Zambia 6152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6162742SwollmanZone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 61730711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 6182742Swollman 6192742Swollman# Zimbabwe 6202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6212742SwollmanZone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 62230711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 623