1192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 367578Swollman 4273718Sedwin# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 52742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6273718Sedwin# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 7273718Sedwin# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 82742Swollman 9325324Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-20): 102742Swollman# 11274559Sedwin# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 12158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 14274559Sedwin# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 152742Swollman# 16325324Sgordon# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 17325324Sgordon# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 1820094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1920094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20274559Sedwin# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 21274559Sedwin# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2220094Swollman# 232742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 242742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 252742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 262742Swollman# 27248307Sedwin# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 28273718Sedwin# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 29325324Sgordon# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 30248307Sedwin# 3114343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3258787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 3314343Swollman# 34325324Sgordon# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. 35325324Sgordon# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. 3630711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 37325324Sgordon# for UT +00 through +03, respectively, 38325324Sgordon# but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that 39325324Sgordon# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, 40325324Sgordon# 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and 41325324Sgordon# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for 42270728Spluknet# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 432742Swollman# 44325324Sgordon# To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: 45325324Sgordon# +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 46325324Sgordon# +02 CAT Central Africa Time 47325324Sgordon# +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time 48325324Sgordon# and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: 49325324Sgordon# +01 WAT West Africa Time 50325324Sgordon# Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. 51325324Sgordon# I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but 52325324Sgordon# cannot now come up with solid citations. 532742Swollman# 5430711Swollman# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 55325324Sgordon# +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time 56325324Sgordon# +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 57325324Sgordon# +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 58325324Sgordon# +03 EAT East Africa Time 59325324Sgordon# 'EAT' also seems to have caught on; the others are rare but are paired 60325324Sgordon# with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. 612742Swollman 622742Swollman# Algeria 632742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 65158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 6619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 6719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 6819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 6919878SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 702742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7119878SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 722742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 742742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 75158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 762742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 772742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 7819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 792742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 812742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 832742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 8419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 852742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 86158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 87158421Swollman# more precise 0:09:21. 882742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 89273718SedwinZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 90273718Sedwin 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 91273718Sedwin 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 9219878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 932742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 9419878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 9519878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 9619878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 9719878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 9819878Swollman 1:00 - CET 992742Swollman 1002742Swollman# Angola 1012742Swollman# Benin 102273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1032742Swollman 1042742Swollman# Botswana 105273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1062742Swollman 1072742Swollman# Burkina Faso 108270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 1092742Swollman 1102742Swollman# Burundi 111273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1122742Swollman 1132742Swollman# Cameroon 114273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1152742Swollman 116325324Sgordon# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde 117273718Sedwin# 118325324Sgordon# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02. 119273718Sedwin# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 120325324Sgordon# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 121273718Sedwin# merely made it official? 122273718Sedwin# 1232742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 124273718SedwinZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 125325324Sgordon -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep 126325324Sgordon -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15 127325324Sgordon -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00 128325324Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1292742Swollman 1302742Swollman# Central African Republic 131273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1322742Swollman 1332742Swollman# Chad 1342742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 135273718SedwinZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 13630711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 13730711Swollman 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 13830711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1392742Swollman 1402742Swollman# Comoros 141274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 1422742Swollman 143273718Sedwin# Democratic Republic of the Congo 144273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 14530711Swollman 14630711Swollman# Republic of the Congo 147273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1482742Swollman 149273718Sedwin# C��te d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 1502742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1512742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 15230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 153270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali 154270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia 155270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea 156270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal 157270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone 158270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo 159270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania 160270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso 161270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome # S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe 162270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena 1632742Swollman 1642742Swollman# Djibouti 165274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 1662742Swollman 1672742Swollman############################################################################### 1682742Swollman 1692742Swollman# Egypt 1702742Swollman 171248307Sedwin# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 172248307Sedwin# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 173248307Sedwin# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 174248307Sedwin# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 175248307Sedwin 1762742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 1782742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 17919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1802742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 18119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1822742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 1832742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 18419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 18519878SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1862742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 18719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 18819878SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1892742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 19030711SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 19119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 19219878SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 19319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 19419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 19530711SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 19643014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 19743543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 198221092Sedwin 199221092Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 200221092Sedwin# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 201221092Sedwin# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 202221092Sedwin# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 203221092Sedwin# 204221092Sedwin# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 205221092Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 206221092Sedwin# or 207221092Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 208221092SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 209267473SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 210163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 211163302Sru# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 212163302Sru# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 213163302Sru# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 214163302Sru# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 215267473SedwinRule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 216171948Sedwin# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 217171948Sedwin# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 218171948Sedwin# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 219270728Spluknet# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 220240457Sedwin# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 221325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 222172479Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 223172479Sedwin# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 224267473SedwinRule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 225172479Sedwin# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 226172479Sedwin# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 227172479Sedwin# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 228172479Sedwin# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 229172479Sedwin# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 230172479Sedwin# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 231172479Sedwin# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 232171948Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 233172479Sedwin# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 23420094Swollman 235191618Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 236191618Sedwin# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 237191618Sedwin# 238191618Sedwin# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 239192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 240191618Sedwin# Apr 23 241192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 242192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 243191618Sedwin# Apr 24 244192886Sedwin# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 245192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 246191618Sedwin# Aug 27 247192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 248192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 249191618Sedwin# Aug 27 250192886Sedwin# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 251191618Sedwin# 252191618Sedwin# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 253191618Sedwin# :59) 254191618Sedwin# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 255191618Sedwin# 256191618Sedwin# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 257191618Sedwin# 258270728Spluknet# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 259325324Sgordon# [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 260325324Sgordon# [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 261191618Sedwin 262191618Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 263191618Sedwin# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 264191618Sedwin# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 265191618Sedwin# in September. 266196582Sedwin 267196582Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 268240457Sedwin# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 269196582Sedwin# Information and Decision Support Center: 270325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 271240457Sedwin# 272196582Sedwin# The Middle East News Agency 273325324Sgordon# https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 274196582Sedwin# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 275240457Sedwin# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 276196582Sedwin# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 277196582Sedwin# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 278196582Sedwin# (at least today). 279196582Sedwin 280210718Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 281270728Spluknet# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 282210718Sedwin# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 283210718Sedwin# Ramadan. 284210718Sedwin# 285210718Sedwin# Arabic translation: 286270728Spluknet# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 287210718Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 288210718Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 289210718Sedwin 290265978Sedwin# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 291265978Sedwin# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 292265978Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 293265978Sedwin 294273718Sedwin# From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 295265978Sedwin# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 296265978Sedwin 297267473Sedwin# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 298267473Sedwin# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 299267473Sedwin# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 300267473Sedwin# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 301267473Sedwin# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 302267473Sedwin# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 303267473Sedwin# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 304267473Sedwin# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 305267473Sedwin# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 306267473Sedwin# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 307267473Sedwin# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 308267473Sedwin# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 309267473Sedwin 310267473Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 311265978Sedwin# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 312265978Sedwin# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 313267473Sedwin# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 314267473Sedwin# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 315265978Sedwin# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 316283042Sedwin 317283042Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 318283042Sedwin# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 319283042Sedwin# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 320283042Sedwin# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 321283042Sedwin# dates not yet announced.... 322283042Sedwin# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 323325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 324283042Sedwin 325283079Sedwin# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 326283079Sedwin# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 327283079Sedwin# least for 2015. 328283079Sedwin# 329283079Sedwin# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 330283079Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 331283079Sedwin# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 332283079Sedwin# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 333283079Sedwin# practice altogether in future years." 334283079Sedwin# 335284397Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 336284397Sedwin# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 337284397Sedwin# decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 338284397Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 339283079Sedwin 340309583Sglebius# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): 341309583Sglebius# Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... 342309583Sglebius# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx 343309583Sglebius# From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): 344309583Sglebius# Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, 345309583Sglebius 346267473SedwinRule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 347267473SedwinRule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 348267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 349267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 350267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 351265978SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 352267473SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 353267473SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 354283079SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 355191618Sedwin 3562742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 357248307SedwinZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 35819878Swollman 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 3592742Swollman 3602742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 361273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 3622742Swollman 3632742Swollman# Eritrea 3642742Swollman# Ethiopia 365274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 3662742Swollman 3672742Swollman# Gabon 368273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 3692742Swollman 3702742Swollman# Gambia 371270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 3722742Swollman 3732742Swollman# Ghana 3742742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 375270728Spluknet# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present"; 376270728Spluknet# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942; 377270728Spluknet# and September 1 to January 1 is given by: 378270728Spluknet# Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book, 379270728Spluknet# 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii. 380270728Spluknet# For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942. 381270728SpluknetRule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 382270728SpluknetRule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 3832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3842742SwollmanZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 385325324Sgordon 0:00 Ghana GMT/+0020 3862742Swollman 3872742Swollman# Guinea 388270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 3892742Swollman 3902742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 391273718Sedwin# 392273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 393273718Sedwin# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 394325324Sgordon# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 395273718Sedwin# with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01. 396273718Sedwin# 3972742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 398273718SedwinZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 399325324Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1975 40030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4012742Swollman 4022742Swollman# Kenya 4032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4042742SwollmanZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 4052742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 406325324Sgordon 2:30 - +0230 1940 407325324Sgordon 2:45 - +0245 1960 4082742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 409274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia 410274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea 411274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania 412274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti 413274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda 414274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia 415274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar 416274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro 417274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte 4182742Swollman 4192742Swollman# Lesotho 420273718Sedwin# See Africa/Johannesburg. 4212742Swollman 4222742Swollman# Liberia 423325324Sgordon# 424325324Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): 425325324Sgordon# 426325324Sgordon# The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. 427325324Sgordon# 428325324Sgordon# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UTC offset 429325324Sgordon# that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on 430325324Sgordon# 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: 431325324Sgordon# Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of 432325324Sgordon# President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. 433325324Sgordon# Monrovia: Executive Mansion. 434325324Sgordon# 435325324Sgordon# Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric 436325324Sgordon# abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. 437325324Sgordon# 4382742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4392742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 4402742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 441325324Sgordon -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT 44230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4432742Swollman 4442742Swollman############################################################################### 4452742Swollman 4462742Swollman# Libya 4472742Swollman 448243003Sedwin# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 449243003Sedwin# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 450325324Sgordon# https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 451243003Sedwin# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 452243003Sedwin# 453243003Sedwin# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 454325324Sgordon# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 455243003Sedwin# 456243003Sedwin# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 457243003Sedwin# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 458243003Sedwin# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 459243003Sedwin# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 460243003Sedwin# lastFri instead of lastSun). 461243003Sedwin 462257681Sedwin# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 463257681Sedwin# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 464257681Sedwin# cancelled yesterday.... 465325324Sgordon# https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 466257681Sedwin# 467257681Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 468309583Sglebius# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. 469257681Sedwin 4702742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 47119878SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 4722742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 47319878SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 4742742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 47519878SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 4762742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 47719878SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 4782742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 47919878SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 48019878SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 4812742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 48219878SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 483149514SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 484243003SedwinRule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 485243003SedwinRule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 486257681SedwinRule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 487257681SedwinRule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 4882742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4892742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 49019878Swollman 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 4912742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 49258787Sru 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 493243003Sedwin# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 494273718Sedwin# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 49558787Sru 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 496243003Sedwin 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 497273718Sedwin 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 498273718Sedwin 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 499257681Sedwin 2:00 - EET 5002742Swollman 5012742Swollman# Madagascar 502274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 5032742Swollman 5042742Swollman# Malawi 505273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 5062742Swollman 5072742Swollman# Mali 5082742Swollman# Mauritania 509270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 5102742Swollman 5112742Swollman# Mauritius 512181421Sedwin 513181421Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 514181421Sedwin# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 515181421Sedwin# basis.... 516240457Sedwin# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 517181421Sedwin# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 518325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 519181424Sedwin 520181421Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 521181421Sedwin# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 522181424Sedwin 523181421Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 524181421Sedwin# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 525181421Sedwin# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 526181421Sedwin# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 527181424Sedwin 528181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 529181421Sedwin# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 530181421Sedwin 531181424Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 532181424Sedwin# According to 533181424Sedwin# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 534181424Sedwin# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 535181424Sedwin# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 536181424Sedwin# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 537181424Sedwin# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 538240457Sedwin# 539240457Sedwin# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 540240457Sedwin# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 541240457Sedwin# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 542240457Sedwin# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 543240457Sedwin# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 544181424Sedwin# changes two days later. 545181424Sedwin 546181424Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 547181424Sedwin# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 548286750Sedwin# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 549181424Sedwin# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 550181424Sedwin# 551181424Sedwin# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 552270728Spluknet# de l'heure d'��t��" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 553270728Spluknet# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 554181424Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 555181424Sedwin 556183066Sedwin# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 557183066Sedwin# The Government of Mauritius weblink 558192886Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 559183066Sedwin# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 560183066Sedwin# 561183066Sedwin# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 562183066Sedwin# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 563183066Sedwin# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 564183066Sedwin# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 565183066Sedwin# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 566183066Sedwin# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 567183066Sedwin# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 568270728Spluknet# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 569183066Sedwin# and end on 29 March 2009. 570183066Sedwin 571183864Sedwin# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 572183864Sedwin# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 573183864Sedwin# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 574183864Sedwin# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 575183864Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 576183864Sedwin 577196581Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 578196581Sedwin# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 579196581Sedwin# DST the coming summer... 580196581Sedwin# 581196581Sedwin# Some sources, in French: 582196581Sedwin# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 583196581Sedwin# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 584196581Sedwin# 585196581Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 586325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 587196581Sedwin 588196581Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 589240457Sedwin# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 590196581Sedwin# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 591196581Sedwin# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 592196581Sedwin 593181421Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 594181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 595181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 596196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 597196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 5982742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 599273718SedwinZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 600325324Sgordon 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05 6012742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 6022742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 6032742Swollman 6042742Swollman# Mayotte 605274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 6062742Swollman 6072742Swollman# Morocco 608270728Spluknet# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 609181418Sedwin 610181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 611181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 612181418Sedwin# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 613181418Sedwin# 614181418Sedwin# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 615181418Sedwin# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 616270728Spluknet# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 617181418Sedwin# 618325324Sgordon# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 619181418Sedwin# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 620181418Sedwin 621181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 622273718Sedwin# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 623273718Sedwin# Presse: 624181418Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 625181418Sedwin# 626181418Sedwin# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 627181418Sedwin# spokesman. 628181418Sedwin 629181418Sedwin# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 630181418Sedwin# According to this article: 631325324Sgordon# https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 632270728Spluknet# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 633270728Spluknet# the changes occur at midnight: 634181418Sedwin# 635270728Spluknet# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 636270728Spluknet# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 637270728Spluknet# Sunday night the 28th at midnight 638181418Sedwin# 639270728Spluknet# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 640270728Spluknet# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 641270728Spluknet# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 642270728Spluknet# June 1st to Sept 27th. 643181418Sedwin# 644181418Sedwin# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 645181418Sedwin# published on the web. 646181418Sedwin# 647181418Sedwin# It's also confirmed here: 648181418Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 649270728Spluknet# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 650270728Spluknet# posted in English). 651181418Sedwin# 652270728Spluknet# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 653325324Sgordon# https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 654181418Sedwin 655183066Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 656240457Sedwin# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 657240457Sedwin# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 658183066Sedwin# of September: 659183066Sedwin# 660183066Sedwin# One article about it (in French): 661183066Sedwin# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 662183066Sedwin# 663183066Sedwin# We have some further details posted here: 664325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 665190372Sedwin 666190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 667190372Sedwin# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 668190372Sedwin# to many sources, such as 669190372Sedwin# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 670190372Sedwin# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 671190372Sedwin# (French) 672190372Sedwin# 673190372Sedwin# Our summary: 674325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 675190372Sedwin 676190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 677190372Sedwin# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 678270728Spluknet# Minist��re de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 679190372Sedwin# 680286750Sedwin# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 681190372Sedwin# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 682190372Sedwin# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 683190372Sedwin# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 684190372Sedwin# 685190372Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 686190372Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 687190372Sedwin 688206868Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 689206868Sedwin# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 690206868Sedwin# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 691206868Sedwin# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 692206868Sedwin# 693206868Sedwin# Example: 694206868Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 695206868Sedwin# (French) 696206868Sedwin# Our page: 697325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 698206868Sedwin 699220286Sedwin# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 700220286Sedwin# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 701273718Sedwin# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 702273718Sedwin# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 703220286Sedwin# ...Official links of change in morocco 704220286Sedwin# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 705220286Sedwin# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 706220286Sedwin# +212.537.71.84.00 707220286Sedwin# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 708220286Sedwin# They said that 709220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 710220286Sedwin# is the official publication to look at. 711220286Sedwin# They said that the decision was already taken. 712220286Sedwin# 713220286Sedwin# More articles in the press 714325324Sgordon# https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 715220286Sedwin# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 716220286Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 717220286Sedwin 718220286Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 719220286Sedwin# They have it written in English here: 720220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 721220286Sedwin# 722220286Sedwin# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 723220286Sedwin# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 724220286Sedwin# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 725220286Sedwin# also been like that in the past. 726220286Sedwin 727240457Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 728270728Spluknet# According to Infom��diaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 729270728Spluknet# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure l��gale: 730270728Spluknet# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'��t�� 731240457Sedwin# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 732240457Sedwin# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 733240457Sedwin# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 734240457Sedwin# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 735240457Sedwin# except the month of Ramadan. 736240457Sedwin# or (brief) 737240457Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 738240457Sedwin 739240457Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 740240457Sedwin# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 741240457Sedwin# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 742240457Sedwin# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 743240457Sedwin# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 744240457Sedwin# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 745240457Sedwin 746240457Sedwin# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 747240457Sedwin# Seen Morocco change again: 748240457Sedwin# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 749270728Spluknet# "...�� partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 750270728Spluknet# comme annonc�� pr��c��demment." 751240457Sedwin 752240457Sedwin# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 753240457Sedwin# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 754240457Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 755240457Sedwin# 756240457Sedwin# Google translation, lightly edited: 757240457Sedwin# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 758240457Sedwin# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 759240457Sedwin# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 760240457Sedwin# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 761240457Sedwin# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 762240457Sedwin# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 763240457Sedwin# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 764240457Sedwin# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 765240457Sedwin# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 766240457Sedwin 767248307Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 768248307Sedwin# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 769248307Sedwin# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 770248307Sedwin# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 771248307Sedwin# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 772273718Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 773253009Sedwin 774253009Sedwin# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 775253009Sedwin# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 776253009Sedwin# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 777253009Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 778253009Sedwin 779257681Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 780257681Sedwin# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 781257681Sedwin# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 782257681Sedwin# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 783257681Sedwin# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 784257681Sedwin# source (French): 785257681Sedwin# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 786257681Sedwin# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 787257681Sedwin# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 788257681Sedwin 789263901Sedwin# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 790263901Sedwin# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 791263901Sedwin 792267473Sedwin# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 793267473Sedwin# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 794267473Sedwin# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 795267473Sedwin# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 796267473Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 797267473Sedwin 798284397Sedwin# From Milamber (2015-06-08): 799284397Sedwin# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 800284397Sedwin# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 801284397Sedwin# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 802284397Sedwin# 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 803284397Sedwin# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 804284397Sedwin# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 805284397Sedwin# Source (french): 806325324Sgordon# https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 807284397Sedwin# 808284397Sedwin# From Milamber (2015-06-09): 809284397Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 810284397Sedwin# 811284397Sedwin# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 812284397Sedwin# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 813284397Sedwin# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 814284397Sedwin# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 815325324Sgordon# <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 816284397Sedwin# with the patch. 817284397Sedwin 818284397Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2015-06-08): 819284397Sedwin# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2015's rules, 820267473Sedwin# and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last 821284397Sedwin# Sunday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Sunday after 822284397Sedwin# Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2016 through 2037 were 823267473Sedwin# determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the 824267473Sedwin# results integrated by hand into the table below. 825284397Sedwin# (let ((islamic-year 1437)) 826284397Sedwin# (require 'cal-islam) 827267473Sedwin# (while (< islamic-year 1460) 828267473Sedwin# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 829267473Sedwin# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) 830284397Sedwin# (sunday 0)) 831284397Sedwin# (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 832284397Sedwin# (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 833267473Sedwin# (setq b (1+ b))) 834267473Sedwin# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 835267473Sedwin# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 836267473Sedwin# (insert 837267473Sedwin# (format 838267473Sedwin# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n" 839267473Sedwin# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n") 840267473Sedwin# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 841267473Sedwin# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 842248307Sedwin# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 843248307Sedwin 84420094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 845183066Sedwin 84619878SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 8472742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 84819878SwollmanRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 8492742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 85019878SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 8512742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 85219878SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 8532742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 85419878SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 8552742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 85619878SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 8572742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 8582742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 85919878SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 8602742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 861181418SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 862183066SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 863190372SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 864267473SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 865206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 866206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 867220286SedwinRule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 868309583SglebiusRule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - 869267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 870267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 871267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 872309583SglebiusRule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 873267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 874267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S 875267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 876284397SedwinRule Morocco 2014 2021 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 877267473SedwinRule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 878267473SedwinRule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S 879284397SedwinRule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 880284397SedwinRule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 S 881284397SedwinRule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 882284397SedwinRule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 S 883284397SedwinRule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 884284397SedwinRule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 S 885284397SedwinRule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 886284397SedwinRule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 S 887284397SedwinRule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 0 - 888284397SedwinRule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 1:00 S 889284397SedwinRule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 0 - 890284397SedwinRule Morocco 2020 only - May 24 2:00 1:00 S 891284397SedwinRule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 0 - 892284397SedwinRule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 S 893284397SedwinRule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 1:00 S 894284397SedwinRule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 23 2:00 1:00 S 895284397SedwinRule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 S 896284397SedwinRule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 1:00 S 897267473SedwinRule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 898284397SedwinRule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 - 899284397SedwinRule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 0 - 900240457Sedwin 9012742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9022742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 90319878Swollman 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 90419878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1986 905181418Sedwin 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 906257681Sedwin 90719878Swollman# Western Sahara 908257681Sedwin# 909257681Sedwin# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 910257681Sedwin# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 911257681Sedwin# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 912257681Sedwin# Morocco does. 913257681Sedwin# 914257681Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 915257681Sedwin# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 916257681Sedwin# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 917257681Sedwin 918270728SpluknetZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aai��n 919325324Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14 920257681Sedwin 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 9218029Swollman 9222742Swollman# Mozambique 923273718Sedwin# 924273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 925273718Sedwin# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 926325324Sgordon# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 927273718Sedwin# merely made it official? 928273718Sedwin# 9292742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9302742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 93130711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 932273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi 933273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi 934273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana 935273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe 936273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda 937273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo 938273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia 9392742Swollman 940325324Sgordon 9412742Swollman# Namibia 942169811Swollman 943325324Sgordon# From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): 944325324Sgordon# The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at 945325324Sgordon# www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf 946325324Sgordon# and includes this nugget: 947325324Sgordon# Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the 948325324Sgordon# first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall 949325324Sgordon# commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on 950325324Sgordon# Sunday 4 September 1994. 951325324Sgordon 952273718Sedwin# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 953273718Sedwin# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 954169811Swollman# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 955169811Swollman# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 956169811Swollman# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 957169811Swollman# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 958169811Swollman# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 959169811Swollman# of the country. 960240457Sedwin# 961325324Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): 962325324Sgordon# Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally 963325324Sgordon# observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. 964325324Sgordon# In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 965325324Sgordon# See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. 966325324Sgordon# https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers 967169811Swollman 968325324Sgordon# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): 969325324Sgordon# Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: 970325324Sgordon# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 971325324Sgordon# This video is from the government decision: 972325324Sgordon# https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 973325324Sgordon# We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at 974325324Sgordon# the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: 975325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html 976325324Sgordon 97720094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 978325324SgordonRule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 979325324SgordonRule Namibia 1994 2016 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 980325324SgordonRule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 9812742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9822742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 983325324Sgordon 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar 984273718Sedwin 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 985273718Sedwin 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 98630711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 987325324Sgordon 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 988325324Sgordon 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 2017 Sep 3 2:00 989325324Sgordon 2:00 - CAT 9902742Swollman 9912742Swollman# Niger 992273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 9932742Swollman 9942742Swollman# Nigeria 9952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9962742SwollmanZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 99730711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 998273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic 999273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo 1000273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon 1001273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west) 1002273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon 1003273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola 1004273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea 1005273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger 1006273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin 10072742Swollman 1008270728Spluknet# R��union 10092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1010273718SedwinZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1011325324Sgordon 4:00 - +04 101243014Swollman# 1013270728Spluknet# Crozet Islands also observes R��union time; see the 'antarctica' file. 1014270728Spluknet# 1015270728Spluknet# Scattered Islands (��les ��parses) administered from R��union are as follows. 101643014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from 1017270728Spluknet# ��les ��parses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 1018270728Spluknet# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 101958787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories. 102043014Swollman# 102143014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited 102243014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 102343014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 102443014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 102543014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 10262742Swollman 10272742Swollman# Rwanda 1028273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 10292742Swollman 10302742Swollman# St Helena 1031270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 103214343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 103330711Swollman# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1034270728Spluknet# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 103558787Sru# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 103658787Sru# on GMT, says the CIA 1037270728Spluknet# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 103814343Swollman 1039270728Spluknet# S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe 10402742Swollman# Senegal 1041270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 10422742Swollman 10432742Swollman# Seychelles 10442742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1045273718SedwinZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 1046325324Sgordon 4:00 - +04 104786222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 104886222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 104986222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 105086222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 105186222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 105286222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 10532742Swollman 10542742Swollman# Sierra Leone 1055270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 10562742Swollman 10572742Swollman# Somalia 1058274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 10592742Swollman 10602742Swollman# South Africa 10612742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 106230711SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 10632742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 10642742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10652742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 106630711Swollman 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 106730711Swollman 2:00 SA SAST 1068273718SedwinLink Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho 1069273718SedwinLink Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Swaziland 1070273718Sedwin# 107130711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is 107258787Sru# scientific station since 1947 10732742Swollman# no information 10742742Swollman 10752742Swollman# Sudan 1076325324Sgordon 1077270728Spluknet# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1078270728Spluknet# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1079270728Spluknet# also reported by Micha��l De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 108058787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 108158787Sru# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 108258787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1083325324Sgordon 1084325324Sgordon# From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): 1085325324Sgordon# ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) 1086325324Sgordon# to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. 108758787Sru# 1088325324Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1089325324Sgordon# A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the 1090325324Sgordon# year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia 1091325324Sgordon# Abdalla of NTC, archived at: 1092325324Sgordon# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html 1093325324Sgordon 10942742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 109519878SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 109614343SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 109719878SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 109819878SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 10992742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11002742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 110158787Sru 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1102325324Sgordon 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 1103325324Sgordon 2:00 - CAT 11042742Swollman 1105226289Sedwin# South Sudan 1106325324Sgordon# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1107325324SgordonZone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 1108325324Sgordon 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1109325324Sgordon 3:00 - EAT 1110226289Sedwin 11112742Swollman# Swaziland 1112273718Sedwin# See Africa/Johannesburg. 11132742Swollman 11142742Swollman# Tanzania 1115274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 11162742Swollman 11172742Swollman# Togo 1118270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 11192742Swollman 11202742Swollman# Tunisia 1121149514Swollman 1122149514Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1123270728Spluknet# My correspondent, Risto Nyk��nen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1124149514Swollman# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1125149514Swollman# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1126149514Swollman# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1127149514Swollman# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1128149514Swollman# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1129149514Swollman# Saturday." (My translation) 1130149514Swollman# 1131149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1132270728Spluknet# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1133273718Sedwin# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1134149514Swollman# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1135149514Swollman# 1h standard time. 1136158421Swollman# 1137158421Swollman# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1138158421Swollman# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1139158421Swollman# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1140158421Swollman# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1141158421Swollman# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1142149514Swollman 1143190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1144190372Sedwin# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1145190372Sedwin# (Arabic) 1146190372Sedwin# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1147325324Sgordon# https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1148190372Sedwin# 1149190372Sedwin# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1150190372Sedwin# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1151325324Sgordon# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1152190372Sedwin 1153190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1154190372Sedwin# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1155190372Sedwin# 1156190372Sedwin# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1157190372Sedwin# 1158190372Sedwin# (in English) 1159190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1160190372Sedwin# 1161190372Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1162190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1163190372Sedwin 1164270728Spluknet# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1165270728Spluknet# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1166270728Spluknet# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1167270728Spluknet# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1168270728Spluknet# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1169270728Spluknet# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1170190372Sedwin 1171206868Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1172206868Sedwin# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1173206868Sedwin# 1174206868Sedwin# (translation): 1175206868Sedwin# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1176206868Sedwin# Sunday... 1177206868Sedwin# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1178206868Sedwin# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1179206868Sedwin# 1180206868Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1181206868Sedwin# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1182206868Sedwin# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1183206868Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1184206868Sedwin 11852742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 118619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 11872742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 118819878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 11892742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 119019878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 11912742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 119219878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 11932742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 119419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 11952742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 119619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 11972742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 11982742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 119919878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 12002742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 120119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 12022742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 120319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 120420094SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 120519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 120619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1207149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1208149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1209190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1210190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1211206868Sedwin 1212158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1213158421Swollman# more precise 0:09:21. 1214158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 12152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12162742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1217273718Sedwin 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 121819878Swollman 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 12192742Swollman 12202742Swollman# Uganda 1221274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 12222742Swollman 12232742Swollman# Zambia 12242742Swollman# Zimbabwe 1225273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1226