random revision 303975
1// -*- C++ -*-
2//===--------------------------- random -----------------------------------===//
3//
4//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5//
6// This file is dual licensed under the MIT and the University of Illinois Open
7// Source Licenses. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8//
9//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10
11#ifndef _LIBCPP_RANDOM
12#define _LIBCPP_RANDOM
13
14/*
15    random synopsis
16
17#include <initializer_list>
18
19namespace std
20{
21
22// Engines
23
24template <class UIntType, UIntType a, UIntType c, UIntType m>
25class linear_congruential_engine
26{
27public:
28    // types
29    typedef UIntType result_type;
30
31    // engine characteristics
32    static constexpr result_type multiplier = a;
33    static constexpr result_type increment = c;
34    static constexpr result_type modulus = m;
35    static constexpr result_type min() { return c == 0u ? 1u: 0u;}
36    static constexpr result_type max() { return m - 1u;}
37    static constexpr result_type default_seed = 1u;
38
39    // constructors and seeding functions
40    explicit linear_congruential_engine(result_type s = default_seed);
41    template<class Sseq> explicit linear_congruential_engine(Sseq& q);
42    void seed(result_type s = default_seed);
43    template<class Sseq> void seed(Sseq& q);
44
45    // generating functions
46    result_type operator()();
47    void discard(unsigned long long z);
48};
49
50template <class UIntType, UIntType a, UIntType c, UIntType m>
51bool
52operator==(const linear_congruential_engine<UIntType, a, c, m>& x,
53           const linear_congruential_engine<UIntType, a, c, m>& y);
54
55template <class UIntType, UIntType a, UIntType c, UIntType m>
56bool
57operator!=(const linear_congruential_engine<UIntType, a, c, m>& x,
58           const linear_congruential_engine<UIntType, a, c, m>& y);
59
60template <class charT, class traits,
61          class UIntType, UIntType a, UIntType c, UIntType m>
62basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
63operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
64           const linear_congruential_engine<UIntType, a, c, m>& x);
65
66template <class charT, class traits,
67          class UIntType, UIntType a, UIntType c, UIntType m>
68basic_istream<charT, traits>&
69operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
70           linear_congruential_engine<UIntType, a, c, m>& x);
71
72template <class UIntType, size_t w, size_t n, size_t m, size_t r,
73          UIntType a, size_t u, UIntType d, size_t s,
74          UIntType b, size_t t, UIntType c, size_t l, UIntType f>
75class mersenne_twister_engine
76{
77public:
78    // types
79    typedef UIntType result_type;
80
81    // engine characteristics
82    static constexpr size_t word_size = w;
83    static constexpr size_t state_size = n;
84    static constexpr size_t shift_size = m;
85    static constexpr size_t mask_bits = r;
86    static constexpr result_type xor_mask = a;
87    static constexpr size_t tempering_u = u;
88    static constexpr result_type tempering_d = d;
89    static constexpr size_t tempering_s = s;
90    static constexpr result_type tempering_b = b;
91    static constexpr size_t tempering_t = t;
92    static constexpr result_type tempering_c = c;
93    static constexpr size_t tempering_l = l;
94    static constexpr result_type initialization_multiplier = f;
95    static constexpr result_type min () { return 0; }
96    static constexpr result_type max() { return 2^w - 1; }
97    static constexpr result_type default_seed = 5489u;
98
99    // constructors and seeding functions
100    explicit mersenne_twister_engine(result_type value = default_seed);
101    template<class Sseq> explicit mersenne_twister_engine(Sseq& q);
102    void seed(result_type value = default_seed);
103    template<class Sseq> void seed(Sseq& q);
104
105    // generating functions
106    result_type operator()();
107    void discard(unsigned long long z);
108};
109
110template <class UIntType, size_t w, size_t n, size_t m, size_t r,
111          UIntType a, size_t u, UIntType d, size_t s,
112          UIntType b, size_t t, UIntType c, size_t l, UIntType f>
113bool
114operator==(
115    const mersenne_twister_engine<UIntType, w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, f>& x,
116    const mersenne_twister_engine<UIntType, w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, f>& y);
117
118template <class UIntType, size_t w, size_t n, size_t m, size_t r,
119          UIntType a, size_t u, UIntType d, size_t s,
120          UIntType b, size_t t, UIntType c, size_t l, UIntType f>
121bool
122operator!=(
123    const mersenne_twister_engine<UIntType, w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, f>& x,
124    const mersenne_twister_engine<UIntType, w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, f>& y);
125
126template <class charT, class traits,
127          class UIntType, size_t w, size_t n, size_t m, size_t r,
128          UIntType a, size_t u, UIntType d, size_t s,
129          UIntType b, size_t t, UIntType c, size_t l, UIntType f>
130basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
131operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
132           const mersenne_twister_engine<UIntType, w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, f>& x);
133
134template <class charT, class traits,
135          class UIntType, size_t w, size_t n, size_t m, size_t r,
136          UIntType a, size_t u, UIntType d, size_t s,
137          UIntType b, size_t t, UIntType c, size_t l, UIntType f>
138basic_istream<charT, traits>&
139operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
140           mersenne_twister_engine<UIntType, w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, f>& x);
141
142template<class UIntType, size_t w, size_t s, size_t r>
143class subtract_with_carry_engine
144{
145public:
146    // types
147    typedef UIntType result_type;
148
149    // engine characteristics
150    static constexpr size_t word_size = w;
151    static constexpr size_t short_lag = s;
152    static constexpr size_t long_lag = r;
153    static constexpr result_type min() { return 0; }
154    static constexpr result_type max() { return m-1; }
155    static constexpr result_type default_seed = 19780503u;
156
157    // constructors and seeding functions
158    explicit subtract_with_carry_engine(result_type value = default_seed);
159    template<class Sseq> explicit subtract_with_carry_engine(Sseq& q);
160    void seed(result_type value = default_seed);
161    template<class Sseq> void seed(Sseq& q);
162
163    // generating functions
164    result_type operator()();
165    void discard(unsigned long long z);
166};
167
168template<class UIntType, size_t w, size_t s, size_t r>
169bool
170operator==(
171    const subtract_with_carry_engine<UIntType, w, s, r>& x,
172    const subtract_with_carry_engine<UIntType, w, s, r>& y);
173
174template<class UIntType, size_t w, size_t s, size_t r>
175bool
176operator!=(
177    const subtract_with_carry_engine<UIntType, w, s, r>& x,
178    const subtract_with_carry_engine<UIntType, w, s, r>& y);
179
180template <class charT, class traits,
181          class UIntType, size_t w, size_t s, size_t r>
182basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
183operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
184           const subtract_with_carry_engine<UIntType, w, s, r>& x);
185
186template <class charT, class traits,
187          class UIntType, size_t w, size_t s, size_t r>
188basic_istream<charT, traits>&
189operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
190           subtract_with_carry_engine<UIntType, w, s, r>& x);
191
192template<class Engine, size_t p, size_t r>
193class discard_block_engine
194{
195public:
196    // types
197    typedef typename Engine::result_type result_type;
198
199    // engine characteristics
200    static constexpr size_t block_size = p;
201    static constexpr size_t used_block = r;
202    static constexpr result_type min() { return Engine::min(); }
203    static constexpr result_type max() { return Engine::max(); }
204
205    // constructors and seeding functions
206    discard_block_engine();
207    explicit discard_block_engine(const Engine& e);
208    explicit discard_block_engine(Engine&& e);
209    explicit discard_block_engine(result_type s);
210    template<class Sseq> explicit discard_block_engine(Sseq& q);
211    void seed();
212    void seed(result_type s);
213    template<class Sseq> void seed(Sseq& q);
214
215    // generating functions
216    result_type operator()();
217    void discard(unsigned long long z);
218
219    // property functions
220    const Engine& base() const noexcept;
221};
222
223template<class Engine, size_t p, size_t r>
224bool
225operator==(
226    const discard_block_engine<Engine, p, r>& x,
227    const discard_block_engine<Engine, p, r>& y);
228
229template<class Engine, size_t p, size_t r>
230bool
231operator!=(
232    const discard_block_engine<Engine, p, r>& x,
233    const discard_block_engine<Engine, p, r>& y);
234
235template <class charT, class traits,
236          class Engine, size_t p, size_t r>
237basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
238operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
239           const discard_block_engine<Engine, p, r>& x);
240
241template <class charT, class traits,
242          class Engine, size_t p, size_t r>
243basic_istream<charT, traits>&
244operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
245           discard_block_engine<Engine, p, r>& x);
246
247template<class Engine, size_t w, class UIntType>
248class independent_bits_engine
249{
250public:
251    // types
252    typedef UIntType result_type;
253
254    // engine characteristics
255    static constexpr result_type min() { return 0; }
256    static constexpr result_type max() { return 2^w - 1; }
257
258    // constructors and seeding functions
259    independent_bits_engine();
260    explicit independent_bits_engine(const Engine& e);
261    explicit independent_bits_engine(Engine&& e);
262    explicit independent_bits_engine(result_type s);
263    template<class Sseq> explicit independent_bits_engine(Sseq& q);
264    void seed();
265    void seed(result_type s);
266    template<class Sseq> void seed(Sseq& q);
267
268    // generating functions
269    result_type operator()(); void discard(unsigned long long z);
270
271    // property functions
272    const Engine& base() const noexcept;
273};
274
275template<class Engine, size_t w, class UIntType>
276bool
277operator==(
278    const independent_bits_engine<Engine, w, UIntType>& x,
279    const independent_bits_engine<Engine, w, UIntType>& y);
280
281template<class Engine, size_t w, class UIntType>
282bool
283operator!=(
284    const independent_bits_engine<Engine, w, UIntType>& x,
285    const independent_bits_engine<Engine, w, UIntType>& y);
286
287template <class charT, class traits,
288          class Engine, size_t w, class UIntType>
289basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
290operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
291           const independent_bits_engine<Engine, w, UIntType>& x);
292
293template <class charT, class traits,
294          class Engine, size_t w, class UIntType>
295basic_istream<charT, traits>&
296operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
297           independent_bits_engine<Engine, w, UIntType>& x);
298
299template<class Engine, size_t k>
300class shuffle_order_engine
301{
302public:
303    // types
304    typedef typename Engine::result_type result_type;
305
306    // engine characteristics
307    static constexpr size_t table_size = k;
308    static constexpr result_type min() { return Engine::min; }
309    static constexpr result_type max() { return Engine::max; }
310
311    // constructors and seeding functions
312    shuffle_order_engine();
313    explicit shuffle_order_engine(const Engine& e);
314    explicit shuffle_order_engine(Engine&& e);
315    explicit shuffle_order_engine(result_type s);
316    template<class Sseq> explicit shuffle_order_engine(Sseq& q);
317    void seed();
318    void seed(result_type s);
319    template<class Sseq> void seed(Sseq& q);
320
321    // generating functions
322    result_type operator()();
323    void discard(unsigned long long z);
324
325    // property functions
326    const Engine& base() const noexcept;
327};
328
329template<class Engine, size_t k>
330bool
331operator==(
332    const shuffle_order_engine<Engine, k>& x,
333    const shuffle_order_engine<Engine, k>& y);
334
335template<class Engine, size_t k>
336bool
337operator!=(
338    const shuffle_order_engine<Engine, k>& x,
339    const shuffle_order_engine<Engine, k>& y);
340
341template <class charT, class traits,
342          class Engine, size_t k>
343basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
344operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
345           const shuffle_order_engine<Engine, k>& x);
346
347template <class charT, class traits,
348          class Engine, size_t k>
349basic_istream<charT, traits>&
350operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
351           shuffle_order_engine<Engine, k>& x);
352
353typedef linear_congruential_engine<uint_fast32_t, 16807, 0, 2147483647>
354                                                                   minstd_rand0;
355typedef linear_congruential_engine<uint_fast32_t, 48271, 0, 2147483647>
356                                                                    minstd_rand;
357typedef mersenne_twister_engine<uint_fast32_t, 32, 624, 397, 31,
358                                0x9908b0df,
359                                11, 0xffffffff,
360                                7,  0x9d2c5680,
361                                15, 0xefc60000,
362                                18, 1812433253>                         mt19937;
363typedef mersenne_twister_engine<uint_fast64_t, 64, 312, 156, 31,
364                                0xb5026f5aa96619e9,
365                                29, 0x5555555555555555,
366                                17, 0x71d67fffeda60000,
367                                37, 0xfff7eee000000000,
368                                43, 6364136223846793005>             mt19937_64;
369typedef subtract_with_carry_engine<uint_fast32_t, 24, 10, 24>     ranlux24_base;
370typedef subtract_with_carry_engine<uint_fast64_t, 48,  5, 12>     ranlux48_base;
371typedef discard_block_engine<ranlux24_base, 223, 23>                   ranlux24;
372typedef discard_block_engine<ranlux48_base, 389, 11>                   ranlux48;
373typedef shuffle_order_engine<minstd_rand0, 256>                         knuth_b;
374typedef minstd_rand                                       default_random_engine;
375
376// Generators
377
378class random_device
379{
380public:
381    // types
382    typedef unsigned int result_type;
383
384    // generator characteristics
385    static constexpr result_type min() { return numeric_limits<result_type>::min(); }
386    static constexpr result_type max() { return numeric_limits<result_type>::max(); }
387
388    // constructors
389    explicit random_device(const string& token = "/dev/urandom");
390
391    // generating functions
392    result_type operator()();
393
394    // property functions
395    double entropy() const noexcept;
396
397    // no copy functions
398    random_device(const random_device& ) = delete;
399    void operator=(const random_device& ) = delete;
400};
401
402// Utilities
403
404class seed_seq
405{
406public:
407    // types
408    typedef uint_least32_t result_type;
409
410    // constructors
411    seed_seq();
412    template<class T>
413        seed_seq(initializer_list<T> il);
414    template<class InputIterator>
415        seed_seq(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end);
416
417    // generating functions
418    template<class RandomAccessIterator>
419        void generate(RandomAccessIterator begin, RandomAccessIterator end);
420
421    // property functions
422    size_t size() const;
423    template<class OutputIterator>
424        void param(OutputIterator dest) const;
425
426    // no copy functions
427    seed_seq(const seed_seq&) = delete;
428    void operator=(const seed_seq& ) = delete;
429};
430
431template<class RealType, size_t bits, class URNG>
432    RealType generate_canonical(URNG& g);
433
434// Distributions
435
436template<class IntType = int>
437class uniform_int_distribution
438{
439public:
440    // types
441    typedef IntType result_type;
442
443    class param_type
444    {
445    public:
446        typedef uniform_int_distribution distribution_type;
447
448        explicit param_type(IntType a = 0,
449                                    IntType b = numeric_limits<IntType>::max());
450
451        result_type a() const;
452        result_type b() const;
453
454        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
455        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
456    };
457
458    // constructors and reset functions
459    explicit uniform_int_distribution(IntType a = 0,
460                                    IntType b = numeric_limits<IntType>::max());
461    explicit uniform_int_distribution(const param_type& parm);
462    void reset();
463
464    // generating functions
465    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
466    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
467
468    // property functions
469    result_type a() const;
470    result_type b() const;
471
472    param_type param() const;
473    void param(const param_type& parm);
474
475    result_type min() const;
476    result_type max() const;
477
478    friend bool operator==(const uniform_int_distribution& x,
479                           const uniform_int_distribution& y);
480    friend bool operator!=(const uniform_int_distribution& x,
481                           const uniform_int_distribution& y);
482
483    template <class charT, class traits>
484    friend
485    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
486    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
487               const uniform_int_distribution& x);
488
489    template <class charT, class traits>
490    friend
491    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
492    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
493               uniform_int_distribution& x);
494};
495
496template<class RealType = double>
497class uniform_real_distribution
498{
499public:
500    // types
501    typedef RealType result_type;
502
503    class param_type
504    {
505    public:
506        typedef uniform_real_distribution distribution_type;
507
508        explicit param_type(RealType a = 0,
509                            RealType b = 1);
510
511        result_type a() const;
512        result_type b() const;
513
514        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
515        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
516    };
517
518    // constructors and reset functions
519    explicit uniform_real_distribution(RealType a = 0.0, RealType b = 1.0);
520    explicit uniform_real_distribution(const param_type& parm);
521    void reset();
522
523    // generating functions
524    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
525    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
526
527    // property functions
528    result_type a() const;
529    result_type b() const;
530
531    param_type param() const;
532    void param(const param_type& parm);
533
534    result_type min() const;
535    result_type max() const;
536
537    friend bool operator==(const uniform_real_distribution& x,
538                           const uniform_real_distribution& y);
539    friend bool operator!=(const uniform_real_distribution& x,
540                           const uniform_real_distribution& y);
541
542    template <class charT, class traits>
543    friend
544    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
545    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
546               const uniform_real_distribution& x);
547
548    template <class charT, class traits>
549    friend
550    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
551    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
552               uniform_real_distribution& x);
553};
554
555class bernoulli_distribution
556{
557public:
558    // types
559    typedef bool result_type;
560
561    class param_type
562    {
563    public:
564        typedef bernoulli_distribution distribution_type;
565
566        explicit param_type(double p = 0.5);
567
568        double p() const;
569
570        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
571        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
572    };
573
574    // constructors and reset functions
575    explicit bernoulli_distribution(double p = 0.5);
576    explicit bernoulli_distribution(const param_type& parm);
577    void reset();
578
579    // generating functions
580    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
581    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
582
583    // property functions
584    double p() const;
585
586    param_type param() const;
587    void param(const param_type& parm);
588
589    result_type min() const;
590    result_type max() const;
591
592    friend bool operator==(const bernoulli_distribution& x,
593                           const bernoulli_distribution& y);
594    friend bool operator!=(const bernoulli_distribution& x,
595                           const bernoulli_distribution& y);
596
597    template <class charT, class traits>
598    friend
599    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
600    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
601               const bernoulli_distribution& x);
602
603    template <class charT, class traits>
604    friend
605    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
606    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
607               bernoulli_distribution& x);
608};
609
610template<class IntType = int>
611class binomial_distribution
612{
613public:
614    // types
615    typedef IntType result_type;
616
617    class param_type
618    {
619    public:
620        typedef binomial_distribution distribution_type;
621
622        explicit param_type(IntType t = 1, double p = 0.5);
623
624        IntType t() const;
625        double p() const;
626
627        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
628        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
629    };
630
631    // constructors and reset functions
632    explicit binomial_distribution(IntType t = 1, double p = 0.5);
633    explicit binomial_distribution(const param_type& parm);
634    void reset();
635
636    // generating functions
637    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
638    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
639
640    // property functions
641    IntType t() const;
642    double p() const;
643
644    param_type param() const;
645    void param(const param_type& parm);
646
647    result_type min() const;
648    result_type max() const;
649
650    friend bool operator==(const binomial_distribution& x,
651                           const binomial_distribution& y);
652    friend bool operator!=(const binomial_distribution& x,
653                           const binomial_distribution& y);
654
655    template <class charT, class traits>
656    friend
657    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
658    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
659               const binomial_distribution& x);
660
661    template <class charT, class traits>
662    friend
663    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
664    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
665               binomial_distribution& x);
666};
667
668template<class IntType = int>
669class geometric_distribution
670{
671public:
672    // types
673    typedef IntType result_type;
674
675    class param_type
676    {
677    public:
678        typedef geometric_distribution distribution_type;
679
680        explicit param_type(double p = 0.5);
681
682        double p() const;
683
684        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
685        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
686    };
687
688    // constructors and reset functions
689    explicit geometric_distribution(double p = 0.5);
690    explicit geometric_distribution(const param_type& parm);
691    void reset();
692
693    // generating functions
694    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
695    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
696
697    // property functions
698    double p() const;
699
700    param_type param() const;
701    void param(const param_type& parm);
702
703    result_type min() const;
704    result_type max() const;
705
706    friend bool operator==(const geometric_distribution& x,
707                           const geometric_distribution& y);
708    friend bool operator!=(const geometric_distribution& x,
709                           const geometric_distribution& y);
710
711    template <class charT, class traits>
712    friend
713    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
714    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
715               const geometric_distribution& x);
716
717    template <class charT, class traits>
718    friend
719    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
720    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
721               geometric_distribution& x);
722};
723
724template<class IntType = int>
725class negative_binomial_distribution
726{
727public:
728    // types
729    typedef IntType result_type;
730
731    class param_type
732    {
733    public:
734        typedef negative_binomial_distribution distribution_type;
735
736        explicit param_type(result_type k = 1, double p = 0.5);
737
738        result_type k() const;
739        double p() const;
740
741        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
742        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
743    };
744
745    // constructor and reset functions
746    explicit negative_binomial_distribution(result_type k = 1, double p = 0.5);
747    explicit negative_binomial_distribution(const param_type& parm);
748    void reset();
749
750    // generating functions
751    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
752    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
753
754    // property functions
755    result_type k() const;
756    double p() const;
757
758    param_type param() const;
759    void param(const param_type& parm);
760
761    result_type min() const;
762    result_type max() const;
763
764    friend bool operator==(const negative_binomial_distribution& x,
765                           const negative_binomial_distribution& y);
766    friend bool operator!=(const negative_binomial_distribution& x,
767                           const negative_binomial_distribution& y);
768
769    template <class charT, class traits>
770    friend
771    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
772    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
773               const negative_binomial_distribution& x);
774
775    template <class charT, class traits>
776    friend
777    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
778    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
779               negative_binomial_distribution& x);
780};
781
782template<class IntType = int>
783class poisson_distribution
784{
785public:
786    // types
787    typedef IntType result_type;
788
789    class param_type
790    {
791    public:
792        typedef poisson_distribution distribution_type;
793
794        explicit param_type(double mean = 1.0);
795
796        double mean() const;
797
798        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
799        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
800    };
801
802    // constructors and reset functions
803    explicit poisson_distribution(double mean = 1.0);
804    explicit poisson_distribution(const param_type& parm);
805    void reset();
806
807    // generating functions
808    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
809    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
810
811    // property functions
812    double mean() const;
813
814    param_type param() const;
815    void param(const param_type& parm);
816
817    result_type min() const;
818    result_type max() const;
819
820    friend bool operator==(const poisson_distribution& x,
821                           const poisson_distribution& y);
822    friend bool operator!=(const poisson_distribution& x,
823                           const poisson_distribution& y);
824
825    template <class charT, class traits>
826    friend
827    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
828    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
829               const poisson_distribution& x);
830
831    template <class charT, class traits>
832    friend
833    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
834    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
835               poisson_distribution& x);
836};
837
838template<class RealType = double>
839class exponential_distribution
840{
841public:
842    // types
843    typedef RealType result_type;
844
845    class param_type
846    {
847    public:
848        typedef exponential_distribution distribution_type;
849
850        explicit param_type(result_type lambda = 1.0);
851
852        result_type lambda() const;
853
854        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
855        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
856    };
857
858    // constructors and reset functions
859    explicit exponential_distribution(result_type lambda = 1.0);
860    explicit exponential_distribution(const param_type& parm);
861    void reset();
862
863    // generating functions
864    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
865    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
866
867    // property functions
868    result_type lambda() const;
869
870    param_type param() const;
871    void param(const param_type& parm);
872
873    result_type min() const;
874    result_type max() const;
875
876    friend bool operator==(const exponential_distribution& x,
877                           const exponential_distribution& y);
878    friend bool operator!=(const exponential_distribution& x,
879                           const exponential_distribution& y);
880
881    template <class charT, class traits>
882    friend
883    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
884    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
885               const exponential_distribution& x);
886
887    template <class charT, class traits>
888    friend
889    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
890    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
891               exponential_distribution& x);
892};
893
894template<class RealType = double>
895class gamma_distribution
896{
897public:
898    // types
899    typedef RealType result_type;
900
901    class param_type
902    {
903    public:
904        typedef gamma_distribution distribution_type;
905
906        explicit param_type(result_type alpha = 1, result_type beta = 1);
907
908        result_type alpha() const;
909        result_type beta() const;
910
911        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
912        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
913    };
914
915    // constructors and reset functions
916    explicit gamma_distribution(result_type alpha = 1, result_type beta = 1);
917    explicit gamma_distribution(const param_type& parm);
918    void reset();
919
920    // generating functions
921    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
922    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
923
924    // property functions
925    result_type alpha() const;
926    result_type beta() const;
927
928    param_type param() const;
929    void param(const param_type& parm);
930
931    result_type min() const;
932    result_type max() const;
933
934    friend bool operator==(const gamma_distribution& x,
935                           const gamma_distribution& y);
936    friend bool operator!=(const gamma_distribution& x,
937                           const gamma_distribution& y);
938
939    template <class charT, class traits>
940    friend
941    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
942    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
943               const gamma_distribution& x);
944
945    template <class charT, class traits>
946    friend
947    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
948    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
949               gamma_distribution& x);
950};
951
952template<class RealType = double>
953class weibull_distribution
954{
955public:
956    // types
957    typedef RealType result_type;
958
959    class param_type
960    {
961    public:
962        typedef weibull_distribution distribution_type;
963
964        explicit param_type(result_type alpha = 1, result_type beta = 1);
965
966        result_type a() const;
967        result_type b() const;
968
969        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
970        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
971    };
972
973    // constructor and reset functions
974    explicit weibull_distribution(result_type a = 1, result_type b = 1);
975    explicit weibull_distribution(const param_type& parm);
976    void reset();
977
978    // generating functions
979    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
980    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
981
982    // property functions
983    result_type a() const;
984    result_type b() const;
985
986    param_type param() const;
987    void param(const param_type& parm);
988
989    result_type min() const;
990    result_type max() const;
991
992    friend bool operator==(const weibull_distribution& x,
993                           const weibull_distribution& y);
994    friend bool operator!=(const weibull_distribution& x,
995                           const weibull_distribution& y);
996
997    template <class charT, class traits>
998    friend
999    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1000    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1001               const weibull_distribution& x);
1002
1003    template <class charT, class traits>
1004    friend
1005    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1006    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1007               weibull_distribution& x);
1008};
1009
1010template<class RealType = double>
1011class extreme_value_distribution
1012{
1013public:
1014    // types
1015    typedef RealType result_type;
1016
1017    class param_type
1018    {
1019    public:
1020        typedef extreme_value_distribution distribution_type;
1021
1022        explicit param_type(result_type a = 0, result_type b = 1);
1023
1024        result_type a() const;
1025        result_type b() const;
1026
1027        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1028        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1029    };
1030
1031    // constructor and reset functions
1032    explicit extreme_value_distribution(result_type a = 0, result_type b = 1);
1033    explicit extreme_value_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1034    void reset();
1035
1036    // generating functions
1037    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1038    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1039
1040    // property functions
1041    result_type a() const;
1042    result_type b() const;
1043
1044    param_type param() const;
1045    void param(const param_type& parm);
1046
1047    result_type min() const;
1048    result_type max() const;
1049
1050    friend bool operator==(const extreme_value_distribution& x,
1051                           const extreme_value_distribution& y);
1052    friend bool operator!=(const extreme_value_distribution& x,
1053                           const extreme_value_distribution& y);
1054
1055    template <class charT, class traits>
1056    friend
1057    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1058    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1059               const extreme_value_distribution& x);
1060
1061    template <class charT, class traits>
1062    friend
1063    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1064    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1065               extreme_value_distribution& x);
1066};
1067
1068template<class RealType = double>
1069class normal_distribution
1070{
1071public:
1072    // types
1073    typedef RealType result_type;
1074
1075    class param_type
1076    {
1077    public:
1078        typedef normal_distribution distribution_type;
1079
1080        explicit param_type(result_type mean = 0, result_type stddev = 1);
1081
1082        result_type mean() const;
1083        result_type stddev() const;
1084
1085        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1086        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1087    };
1088
1089    // constructors and reset functions
1090    explicit normal_distribution(result_type mean = 0, result_type stddev = 1);
1091    explicit normal_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1092    void reset();
1093
1094    // generating functions
1095    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1096    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1097
1098    // property functions
1099    result_type mean() const;
1100    result_type stddev() const;
1101
1102    param_type param() const;
1103    void param(const param_type& parm);
1104
1105    result_type min() const;
1106    result_type max() const;
1107
1108    friend bool operator==(const normal_distribution& x,
1109                           const normal_distribution& y);
1110    friend bool operator!=(const normal_distribution& x,
1111                           const normal_distribution& y);
1112
1113    template <class charT, class traits>
1114    friend
1115    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1116    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1117               const normal_distribution& x);
1118
1119    template <class charT, class traits>
1120    friend
1121    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1122    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1123               normal_distribution& x);
1124};
1125
1126template<class RealType = double>
1127class lognormal_distribution
1128{
1129public:
1130    // types
1131    typedef RealType result_type;
1132
1133    class param_type
1134    {
1135    public:
1136        typedef lognormal_distribution distribution_type;
1137
1138        explicit param_type(result_type m = 0, result_type s = 1);
1139
1140        result_type m() const;
1141        result_type s() const;
1142
1143        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1144        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1145    };
1146
1147    // constructor and reset functions
1148    explicit lognormal_distribution(result_type m = 0, result_type s = 1);
1149    explicit lognormal_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1150    void reset();
1151
1152    // generating functions
1153    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1154    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1155
1156    // property functions
1157    result_type m() const;
1158    result_type s() const;
1159
1160    param_type param() const;
1161    void param(const param_type& parm);
1162
1163    result_type min() const;
1164    result_type max() const;
1165
1166    friend bool operator==(const lognormal_distribution& x,
1167                           const lognormal_distribution& y);
1168    friend bool operator!=(const lognormal_distribution& x,
1169                           const lognormal_distribution& y);
1170
1171    template <class charT, class traits>
1172    friend
1173    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1174    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1175               const lognormal_distribution& x);
1176
1177    template <class charT, class traits>
1178    friend
1179    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1180    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1181               lognormal_distribution& x);
1182};
1183
1184template<class RealType = double>
1185class chi_squared_distribution
1186{
1187public:
1188    // types
1189    typedef RealType result_type;
1190
1191    class param_type
1192    {
1193    public:
1194        typedef chi_squared_distribution distribution_type;
1195
1196        explicit param_type(result_type n = 1);
1197
1198        result_type n() const;
1199
1200        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1201        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1202    };
1203
1204    // constructor and reset functions
1205    explicit chi_squared_distribution(result_type n = 1);
1206    explicit chi_squared_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1207    void reset();
1208
1209    // generating functions
1210    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1211    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1212
1213    // property functions
1214    result_type n() const;
1215
1216    param_type param() const;
1217    void param(const param_type& parm);
1218
1219    result_type min() const;
1220    result_type max() const;
1221
1222    friend bool operator==(const chi_squared_distribution& x,
1223                           const chi_squared_distribution& y);
1224    friend bool operator!=(const chi_squared_distribution& x,
1225                           const chi_squared_distribution& y);
1226
1227    template <class charT, class traits>
1228    friend
1229    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1230    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1231               const chi_squared_distribution& x);
1232
1233    template <class charT, class traits>
1234    friend
1235    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1236    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1237               chi_squared_distribution& x);
1238};
1239
1240template<class RealType = double>
1241class cauchy_distribution
1242{
1243public:
1244    // types
1245    typedef RealType result_type;
1246
1247    class param_type
1248    {
1249    public:
1250        typedef cauchy_distribution distribution_type;
1251
1252        explicit param_type(result_type a = 0, result_type b = 1);
1253
1254        result_type a() const;
1255        result_type b() const;
1256
1257        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1258        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1259    };
1260
1261    // constructor and reset functions
1262    explicit cauchy_distribution(result_type a = 0, result_type b = 1);
1263    explicit cauchy_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1264    void reset();
1265
1266    // generating functions
1267    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1268    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1269
1270    // property functions
1271    result_type a() const;
1272    result_type b() const;
1273
1274    param_type param() const;
1275    void param(const param_type& parm);
1276
1277    result_type min() const;
1278    result_type max() const;
1279
1280    friend bool operator==(const cauchy_distribution& x,
1281                           const cauchy_distribution& y);
1282    friend bool operator!=(const cauchy_distribution& x,
1283                           const cauchy_distribution& y);
1284
1285    template <class charT, class traits>
1286    friend
1287    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1288    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1289               const cauchy_distribution& x);
1290
1291    template <class charT, class traits>
1292    friend
1293    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1294    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1295               cauchy_distribution& x);
1296};
1297
1298template<class RealType = double>
1299class fisher_f_distribution
1300{
1301public:
1302    // types
1303    typedef RealType result_type;
1304
1305    class param_type
1306    {
1307    public:
1308        typedef fisher_f_distribution distribution_type;
1309
1310        explicit param_type(result_type m = 1, result_type n = 1);
1311
1312        result_type m() const;
1313        result_type n() const;
1314
1315        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1316        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1317    };
1318
1319    // constructor and reset functions
1320    explicit fisher_f_distribution(result_type m = 1, result_type n = 1);
1321    explicit fisher_f_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1322    void reset();
1323
1324    // generating functions
1325    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1326    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1327
1328    // property functions
1329    result_type m() const;
1330    result_type n() const;
1331
1332    param_type param() const;
1333    void param(const param_type& parm);
1334
1335    result_type min() const;
1336    result_type max() const;
1337
1338    friend bool operator==(const fisher_f_distribution& x,
1339                           const fisher_f_distribution& y);
1340    friend bool operator!=(const fisher_f_distribution& x,
1341                           const fisher_f_distribution& y);
1342
1343    template <class charT, class traits>
1344    friend
1345    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1346    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1347               const fisher_f_distribution& x);
1348
1349    template <class charT, class traits>
1350    friend
1351    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1352    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1353               fisher_f_distribution& x);
1354};
1355
1356template<class RealType = double>
1357class student_t_distribution
1358{
1359public:
1360    // types
1361    typedef RealType result_type;
1362
1363    class param_type
1364    {
1365    public:
1366        typedef student_t_distribution distribution_type;
1367
1368        explicit param_type(result_type n = 1);
1369
1370        result_type n() const;
1371
1372        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1373        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1374    };
1375
1376    // constructor and reset functions
1377    explicit student_t_distribution(result_type n = 1);
1378    explicit student_t_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1379    void reset();
1380
1381    // generating functions
1382    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1383    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1384
1385    // property functions
1386    result_type n() const;
1387
1388    param_type param() const;
1389    void param(const param_type& parm);
1390
1391    result_type min() const;
1392    result_type max() const;
1393
1394    friend bool operator==(const student_t_distribution& x,
1395                           const student_t_distribution& y);
1396    friend bool operator!=(const student_t_distribution& x,
1397                           const student_t_distribution& y);
1398
1399    template <class charT, class traits>
1400    friend
1401    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1402    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1403               const student_t_distribution& x);
1404
1405    template <class charT, class traits>
1406    friend
1407    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1408    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1409               student_t_distribution& x);
1410};
1411
1412template<class IntType = int>
1413class discrete_distribution
1414{
1415public:
1416    // types
1417    typedef IntType result_type;
1418
1419    class param_type
1420    {
1421    public:
1422        typedef discrete_distribution distribution_type;
1423
1424        param_type();
1425        template<class InputIterator>
1426            param_type(InputIterator firstW, InputIterator lastW);
1427        param_type(initializer_list<double> wl);
1428        template<class UnaryOperation>
1429            param_type(size_t nw, double xmin, double xmax, UnaryOperation fw);
1430
1431        vector<double> probabilities() const;
1432
1433        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1434        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1435    };
1436
1437    // constructor and reset functions
1438    discrete_distribution();
1439    template<class InputIterator>
1440        discrete_distribution(InputIterator firstW, InputIterator lastW);
1441    discrete_distribution(initializer_list<double> wl);
1442    template<class UnaryOperation>
1443        discrete_distribution(size_t nw, double xmin, double xmax,
1444                              UnaryOperation fw);
1445    explicit discrete_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1446    void reset();
1447
1448    // generating functions
1449    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1450    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1451
1452    // property functions
1453    vector<double> probabilities() const;
1454
1455    param_type param() const;
1456    void param(const param_type& parm);
1457
1458    result_type min() const;
1459    result_type max() const;
1460
1461    friend bool operator==(const discrete_distribution& x,
1462                           const discrete_distribution& y);
1463    friend bool operator!=(const discrete_distribution& x,
1464                           const discrete_distribution& y);
1465
1466    template <class charT, class traits>
1467    friend
1468    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1469    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1470               const discrete_distribution& x);
1471
1472    template <class charT, class traits>
1473    friend
1474    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1475    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1476               discrete_distribution& x);
1477};
1478
1479template<class RealType = double>
1480class piecewise_constant_distribution
1481{
1482    // types
1483    typedef RealType result_type;
1484
1485    class param_type
1486    {
1487    public:
1488        typedef piecewise_constant_distribution distribution_type;
1489
1490        param_type();
1491        template<class InputIteratorB, class InputIteratorW>
1492            param_type(InputIteratorB firstB, InputIteratorB lastB,
1493                       InputIteratorW firstW);
1494        template<class UnaryOperation>
1495            param_type(initializer_list<result_type> bl, UnaryOperation fw);
1496        template<class UnaryOperation>
1497            param_type(size_t nw, result_type xmin, result_type xmax,
1498                       UnaryOperation fw);
1499
1500        vector<result_type> intervals() const;
1501        vector<result_type> densities() const;
1502
1503        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1504        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1505    };
1506
1507    // constructor and reset functions
1508    piecewise_constant_distribution();
1509    template<class InputIteratorB, class InputIteratorW>
1510        piecewise_constant_distribution(InputIteratorB firstB,
1511                                        InputIteratorB lastB,
1512                                        InputIteratorW firstW);
1513    template<class UnaryOperation>
1514        piecewise_constant_distribution(initializer_list<result_type> bl,
1515                                        UnaryOperation fw);
1516    template<class UnaryOperation>
1517        piecewise_constant_distribution(size_t nw, result_type xmin,
1518                                        result_type xmax, UnaryOperation fw);
1519    explicit piecewise_constant_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1520    void reset();
1521
1522    // generating functions
1523    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1524    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1525
1526    // property functions
1527    vector<result_type> intervals() const;
1528    vector<result_type> densities() const;
1529
1530    param_type param() const;
1531    void param(const param_type& parm);
1532
1533    result_type min() const;
1534    result_type max() const;
1535
1536    friend bool operator==(const piecewise_constant_distribution& x,
1537                           const piecewise_constant_distribution& y);
1538    friend bool operator!=(const piecewise_constant_distribution& x,
1539                           const piecewise_constant_distribution& y);
1540
1541    template <class charT, class traits>
1542    friend
1543    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1544    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1545               const piecewise_constant_distribution& x);
1546
1547    template <class charT, class traits>
1548    friend
1549    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1550    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1551               piecewise_constant_distribution& x);
1552};
1553
1554template<class RealType = double>
1555class piecewise_linear_distribution
1556{
1557    // types
1558    typedef RealType result_type;
1559
1560    class param_type
1561    {
1562    public:
1563        typedef piecewise_linear_distribution distribution_type;
1564
1565        param_type();
1566        template<class InputIteratorB, class InputIteratorW>
1567            param_type(InputIteratorB firstB, InputIteratorB lastB,
1568                       InputIteratorW firstW);
1569        template<class UnaryOperation>
1570            param_type(initializer_list<result_type> bl, UnaryOperation fw);
1571        template<class UnaryOperation>
1572            param_type(size_t nw, result_type xmin, result_type xmax,
1573                       UnaryOperation fw);
1574
1575        vector<result_type> intervals() const;
1576        vector<result_type> densities() const;
1577
1578        friend bool operator==(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1579        friend bool operator!=(const param_type& x, const param_type& y);
1580    };
1581
1582    // constructor and reset functions
1583    piecewise_linear_distribution();
1584    template<class InputIteratorB, class InputIteratorW>
1585        piecewise_linear_distribution(InputIteratorB firstB,
1586                                      InputIteratorB lastB,
1587                                      InputIteratorW firstW);
1588
1589    template<class UnaryOperation>
1590        piecewise_linear_distribution(initializer_list<result_type> bl,
1591                                      UnaryOperation fw);
1592
1593    template<class UnaryOperation>
1594        piecewise_linear_distribution(size_t nw, result_type xmin,
1595                                      result_type xmax, UnaryOperation fw);
1596
1597    explicit piecewise_linear_distribution(const param_type& parm);
1598    void reset();
1599
1600    // generating functions
1601    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g);
1602    template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& g, const param_type& parm);
1603
1604    // property functions
1605    vector<result_type> intervals() const;
1606    vector<result_type> densities() const;
1607
1608    param_type param() const;
1609    void param(const param_type& parm);
1610
1611    result_type min() const;
1612    result_type max() const;
1613
1614    friend bool operator==(const piecewise_linear_distribution& x,
1615                           const piecewise_linear_distribution& y);
1616    friend bool operator!=(const piecewise_linear_distribution& x,
1617                           const piecewise_linear_distribution& y);
1618
1619    template <class charT, class traits>
1620    friend
1621    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
1622    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& os,
1623               const piecewise_linear_distribution& x);
1624
1625    template <class charT, class traits>
1626    friend
1627    basic_istream<charT, traits>&
1628    operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is,
1629               piecewise_linear_distribution& x);
1630};
1631
1632} // std
1633*/
1634
1635#include <__config>
1636#include <cstddef>
1637#include <cstdint>
1638#include <cmath>
1639#include <type_traits>
1640#include <initializer_list>
1641#include <limits>
1642#include <algorithm>
1643#include <numeric>
1644#include <vector>
1645#include <string>
1646#include <istream>
1647#include <ostream>
1648
1649#include <__undef_min_max>
1650
1651#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
1652#pragma GCC system_header
1653#endif
1654
1655_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
1656
1657// __is_seed_sequence
1658
1659template <class _Sseq, class _Engine>
1660struct __is_seed_sequence
1661{
1662    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const bool value =
1663              !is_convertible<_Sseq, typename _Engine::result_type>::value &&
1664              !is_same<typename remove_cv<_Sseq>::type, _Engine>::value;
1665};
1666
1667// linear_congruential_engine
1668
1669template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c,
1670          unsigned long long __m, unsigned long long _Mp,
1671          bool _MightOverflow = (__a != 0 && __m != 0 && __m-1 > (_Mp-__c)/__a)>
1672struct __lce_ta;
1673
1674// 64
1675
1676template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c, unsigned long long __m>
1677struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, (unsigned long long)(~0), true>
1678{
1679    typedef unsigned long long result_type;
1680    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1681    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1682    {
1683        // Schrage's algorithm
1684        const result_type __q = __m / __a;
1685        const result_type __r = __m % __a;
1686        const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
1687        const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
1688        __x = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
1689        __x += __c - (__x >= __m - __c) * __m;
1690        return __x;
1691    }
1692};
1693
1694template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __m>
1695struct __lce_ta<__a, 0, __m, (unsigned long long)(~0), true>
1696{
1697    typedef unsigned long long result_type;
1698    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1699    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1700    {
1701        // Schrage's algorithm
1702        const result_type __q = __m / __a;
1703        const result_type __r = __m % __a;
1704        const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
1705        const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
1706        __x = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
1707        return __x;
1708    }
1709};
1710
1711template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c, unsigned long long __m>
1712struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, (unsigned long long)(~0), false>
1713{
1714    typedef unsigned long long result_type;
1715    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1716    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1717    {
1718        return (__a * __x + __c) % __m;
1719    }
1720};
1721
1722template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c>
1723struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, 0, (unsigned long long)(~0), false>
1724{
1725    typedef unsigned long long result_type;
1726    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1727    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1728    {
1729        return __a * __x + __c;
1730    }
1731};
1732
1733// 32
1734
1735template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Cp, unsigned long long _Mp>
1736struct __lce_ta<_Ap, _Cp, _Mp, unsigned(~0), true>
1737{
1738    typedef unsigned result_type;
1739    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1740    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1741    {
1742        const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
1743        const result_type __c = static_cast<result_type>(_Cp);
1744        const result_type __m = static_cast<result_type>(_Mp);
1745        // Schrage's algorithm
1746        const result_type __q = __m / __a;
1747        const result_type __r = __m % __a;
1748        const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
1749        const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
1750        __x = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
1751        __x += __c - (__x >= __m - __c) * __m;
1752        return __x;
1753    }
1754};
1755
1756template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Mp>
1757struct __lce_ta<_Ap, 0, _Mp, unsigned(~0), true>
1758{
1759    typedef unsigned result_type;
1760    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1761    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1762    {
1763        const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
1764        const result_type __m = static_cast<result_type>(_Mp);
1765        // Schrage's algorithm
1766        const result_type __q = __m / __a;
1767        const result_type __r = __m % __a;
1768        const result_type __t0 = __a * (__x % __q);
1769        const result_type __t1 = __r * (__x / __q);
1770        __x = __t0 + (__t0 < __t1) * __m - __t1;
1771        return __x;
1772    }
1773};
1774
1775template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Cp, unsigned long long _Mp>
1776struct __lce_ta<_Ap, _Cp, _Mp, unsigned(~0), false>
1777{
1778    typedef unsigned result_type;
1779    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1780    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1781    {
1782        const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
1783        const result_type __c = static_cast<result_type>(_Cp);
1784        const result_type __m = static_cast<result_type>(_Mp);
1785        return (__a * __x + __c) % __m;
1786    }
1787};
1788
1789template <unsigned long long _Ap, unsigned long long _Cp>
1790struct __lce_ta<_Ap, _Cp, 0, unsigned(~0), false>
1791{
1792    typedef unsigned result_type;
1793    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1794    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1795    {
1796        const result_type __a = static_cast<result_type>(_Ap);
1797        const result_type __c = static_cast<result_type>(_Cp);
1798        return __a * __x + __c;
1799    }
1800};
1801
1802// 16
1803
1804template <unsigned long long __a, unsigned long long __c, unsigned long long __m, bool __b>
1805struct __lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, (unsigned short)(~0), __b>
1806{
1807    typedef unsigned short result_type;
1808    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1809    static result_type next(result_type __x)
1810    {
1811        return static_cast<result_type>(__lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, unsigned(~0)>::next(__x));
1812    }
1813};
1814
1815template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1816class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY linear_congruential_engine;
1817
1818template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
1819          class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
1820_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1821basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1822operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
1823           const linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>&);
1824
1825template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
1826          class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
1827basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1828operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
1829           linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>& __x);
1830
1831template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1832class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY linear_congruential_engine
1833{
1834public:
1835    // types
1836    typedef _UIntType result_type;
1837
1838private:
1839    result_type __x_;
1840
1841    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Mp = result_type(~0);
1842
1843    static_assert(__m == 0 || __a < __m, "linear_congruential_engine invalid parameters");
1844    static_assert(__m == 0 || __c < __m, "linear_congruential_engine invalid parameters");
1845public:
1846    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = __c == 0u ? 1u: 0u;
1847    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = __m - 1u;
1848    static_assert(_Min < _Max,           "linear_congruential_engine invalid parameters");
1849
1850    // engine characteristics
1851    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type multiplier = __a;
1852    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type increment = __c;
1853    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type modulus = __m;
1854    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1855    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() {return _Min;}
1856    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1857    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() {return _Max;}
1858    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type default_seed = 1u;
1859
1860    // constructors and seeding functions
1861    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1862    explicit linear_congruential_engine(result_type __s = default_seed)
1863        {seed(__s);}
1864    template<class _Sseq>
1865        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1866        explicit linear_congruential_engine(_Sseq& __q,
1867        typename enable_if<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, linear_congruential_engine>::value>::type* = 0)
1868        {seed(__q);}
1869    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1870    void seed(result_type __s = default_seed)
1871        {seed(integral_constant<bool, __m == 0>(),
1872              integral_constant<bool, __c == 0>(), __s);}
1873    template<class _Sseq>
1874        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1875        typename enable_if
1876        <
1877            __is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, linear_congruential_engine>::value,
1878            void
1879        >::type
1880        seed(_Sseq& __q)
1881            {__seed(__q, integral_constant<unsigned,
1882                1 + (__m == 0 ? (sizeof(result_type) * __CHAR_BIT__ - 1)/32
1883                             :  (__m > 0x100000000ull))>());}
1884
1885    // generating functions
1886    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1887    result_type operator()()
1888        {return __x_ = static_cast<result_type>(__lce_ta<__a, __c, __m, _Mp>::next(__x_));}
1889    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1890    void discard(unsigned long long __z) {for (; __z; --__z) operator()();}
1891
1892    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1893    bool operator==(const linear_congruential_engine& __x,
1894                    const linear_congruential_engine& __y)
1895        {return __x.__x_ == __y.__x_;}
1896    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1897    bool operator!=(const linear_congruential_engine& __x,
1898                    const linear_congruential_engine& __y)
1899        {return !(__x == __y);}
1900
1901private:
1902
1903    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1904    void seed(true_type, true_type, result_type __s) {__x_ = __s == 0 ? 1 : __s;}
1905    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1906    void seed(true_type, false_type, result_type __s) {__x_ = __s;}
1907    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1908    void seed(false_type, true_type, result_type __s) {__x_ = __s % __m == 0 ?
1909                                                                 1 : __s % __m;}
1910    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1911    void seed(false_type, false_type, result_type __s) {__x_ = __s % __m;}
1912
1913    template<class _Sseq>
1914        void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>);
1915    template<class _Sseq>
1916        void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>);
1917
1918    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
1919              class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
1920    friend
1921    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1922    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
1923               const linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>&);
1924
1925    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
1926              class _Up, _Up _Ap, _Up _Cp, _Up _Np>
1927    friend
1928    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1929    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
1930               linear_congruential_engine<_Up, _Ap, _Cp, _Np>& __x);
1931};
1932
1933template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1934    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
1935    linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::multiplier;
1936
1937template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1938    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
1939    linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::increment;
1940
1941template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1942    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
1943    linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::modulus;
1944
1945template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1946    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::result_type
1947    linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::default_seed;
1948
1949template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1950template<class _Sseq>
1951void
1952linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::__seed(_Sseq& __q,
1953                                                 integral_constant<unsigned, 1>)
1954{
1955    const unsigned __k = 1;
1956    uint32_t __ar[__k+3];
1957    __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __k + 3);
1958    result_type __s = static_cast<result_type>(__ar[3] % __m);
1959    __x_ = __c == 0 && __s == 0 ? result_type(1) : __s;
1960}
1961
1962template <class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1963template<class _Sseq>
1964void
1965linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>::__seed(_Sseq& __q,
1966                                                 integral_constant<unsigned, 2>)
1967{
1968    const unsigned __k = 2;
1969    uint32_t __ar[__k+3];
1970    __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __k + 3);
1971    result_type __s = static_cast<result_type>((__ar[3] +
1972                                              ((uint64_t)__ar[4] << 32)) % __m);
1973    __x_ = __c == 0 && __s == 0 ? result_type(1) : __s;
1974}
1975
1976template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
1977          class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1978inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
1979basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1980operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
1981           const linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>& __x)
1982{
1983    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
1984    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left);
1985    __os.fill(__os.widen(' '));
1986    return __os << __x.__x_;
1987}
1988
1989template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
1990          class _UIntType, _UIntType __a, _UIntType __c, _UIntType __m>
1991basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1992operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
1993           linear_congruential_engine<_UIntType, __a, __c, __m>& __x)
1994{
1995    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
1996    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
1997    _UIntType __t;
1998    __is >> __t;
1999    if (!__is.fail())
2000        __x.__x_ = __t;
2001    return __is;
2002}
2003
2004typedef linear_congruential_engine<uint_fast32_t, 16807, 0, 2147483647>
2005                                                                   minstd_rand0;
2006typedef linear_congruential_engine<uint_fast32_t, 48271, 0, 2147483647>
2007                                                                    minstd_rand;
2008typedef minstd_rand                                       default_random_engine;
2009// mersenne_twister_engine
2010
2011template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2012          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2013          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2014class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY mersenne_twister_engine;
2015
2016template <class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2017          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2018          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2019bool
2020operator==(const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2021                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x,
2022           const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2023                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __y);
2024
2025template <class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2026          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2027          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2028_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2029bool
2030operator!=(const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2031                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x,
2032           const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2033                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __y);
2034
2035template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2036          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2037          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2038          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2039basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2040operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2041           const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2042                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x);
2043
2044template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2045          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2046          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2047          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2048basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2049operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2050           mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2051                                   _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x);
2052
2053template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2054          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2055          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2056class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY mersenne_twister_engine
2057{
2058public:
2059    // types
2060    typedef _UIntType result_type;
2061
2062private:
2063    result_type __x_[__n];
2064    size_t      __i_;
2065
2066    static_assert(  0 <  __m, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2067    static_assert(__m <= __n, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2068    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Dt = numeric_limits<result_type>::digits;
2069    static_assert(__w <= _Dt, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2070    static_assert(  2 <= __w, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2071    static_assert(__r <= __w, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2072    static_assert(__u <= __w, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2073    static_assert(__s <= __w, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2074    static_assert(__t <= __w, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2075    static_assert(__l <= __w, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2076public:
2077    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = 0;
2078    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = __w == _Dt ? result_type(~0) :
2079                                                      (result_type(1) << __w) - result_type(1);
2080    static_assert(_Min < _Max, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2081    static_assert(__a <= _Max, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2082    static_assert(__b <= _Max, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2083    static_assert(__c <= _Max, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2084    static_assert(__d <= _Max, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2085    static_assert(__f <= _Max, "mersenne_twister_engine invalid parameters");
2086
2087    // engine characteristics
2088    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t word_size = __w;
2089    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t state_size = __n;
2090    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t shift_size = __m;
2091    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t mask_bits = __r;
2092    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type xor_mask = __a;
2093    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t tempering_u = __u;
2094    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type tempering_d = __d;
2095    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t tempering_s = __s;
2096    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type tempering_b = __b;
2097    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t tempering_t = __t;
2098    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type tempering_c = __c;
2099    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t tempering_l = __l;
2100    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type initialization_multiplier = __f;
2101    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2102    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Min; }
2103    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2104    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Max; }
2105    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type default_seed = 5489u;
2106
2107    // constructors and seeding functions
2108    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2109    explicit mersenne_twister_engine(result_type __sd = default_seed)
2110        {seed(__sd);}
2111    template<class _Sseq>
2112        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2113        explicit mersenne_twister_engine(_Sseq& __q,
2114        typename enable_if<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, mersenne_twister_engine>::value>::type* = 0)
2115        {seed(__q);}
2116    void seed(result_type __sd = default_seed);
2117    template<class _Sseq>
2118        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2119        typename enable_if
2120        <
2121            __is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, mersenne_twister_engine>::value,
2122            void
2123        >::type
2124        seed(_Sseq& __q)
2125            {__seed(__q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1 + (__w - 1) / 32>());}
2126
2127    // generating functions
2128    result_type operator()();
2129    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2130    void discard(unsigned long long __z) {for (; __z; --__z) operator()();}
2131
2132    template <class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2133              _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2134              _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2135    friend
2136    bool
2137    operator==(const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2138                                             _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x,
2139               const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2140                                             _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __y);
2141
2142    template <class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2143              _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2144              _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2145    friend
2146    bool
2147    operator!=(const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2148                                             _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x,
2149               const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2150                                             _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __y);
2151
2152    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2153              class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2154              _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2155              _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2156    friend
2157    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2158    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2159               const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2160                                             _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x);
2161
2162    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2163              class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2164              _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2165              _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2166    friend
2167    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2168    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2169               mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2170                                       _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x);
2171private:
2172
2173    template<class _Sseq>
2174        void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>);
2175    template<class _Sseq>
2176        void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>);
2177
2178    template <size_t __count>
2179        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2180        static
2181        typename enable_if
2182        <
2183            __count < __w,
2184            result_type
2185        >::type
2186        __lshift(result_type __x) {return (__x << __count) & _Max;}
2187
2188    template <size_t __count>
2189        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2190        static
2191        typename enable_if
2192        <
2193            (__count >= __w),
2194            result_type
2195        >::type
2196        __lshift(result_type) {return result_type(0);}
2197
2198    template <size_t __count>
2199        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2200        static
2201        typename enable_if
2202        <
2203            __count < _Dt,
2204            result_type
2205        >::type
2206        __rshift(result_type __x) {return __x >> __count;}
2207
2208    template <size_t __count>
2209        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2210        static
2211        typename enable_if
2212        <
2213            (__count >= _Dt),
2214            result_type
2215        >::type
2216        __rshift(result_type) {return result_type(0);}
2217};
2218
2219template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2220          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2221          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2222    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t
2223    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::word_size;
2224
2225template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2226          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2227          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2228    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2229    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::state_size;
2230
2231template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2232          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2233          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2234    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2235    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::shift_size;
2236
2237template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2238          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2239          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2240    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2241    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::mask_bits;
2242
2243template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2244          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2245          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2246    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::result_type
2247    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::xor_mask;
2248
2249template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2250          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2251          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2252    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2253    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_u;
2254
2255template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2256          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2257          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2258    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::result_type
2259    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_d;
2260
2261template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2262          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2263          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2264    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2265    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_s;
2266
2267template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2268          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2269          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2270    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::result_type
2271    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_b;
2272
2273template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2274          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2275          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2276    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2277    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_t;
2278
2279template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2280          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2281          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2282    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::result_type
2283    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_c;
2284
2285template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2286          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2287          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2288    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t 
2289    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::tempering_l;
2290
2291template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2292          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2293          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2294    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::result_type
2295    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::initialization_multiplier;
2296
2297template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2298          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2299          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2300    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::result_type
2301    mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b, __t, __c, __l, __f>::default_seed;
2302
2303template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2304          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2305          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2306void
2307mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b,
2308    __t, __c, __l, __f>::seed(result_type __sd)
2309{   // __w >= 2
2310    __x_[0] = __sd & _Max;
2311    for (size_t __i = 1; __i < __n; ++__i)
2312        __x_[__i] = (__f * (__x_[__i-1] ^ __rshift<__w - 2>(__x_[__i-1])) + __i) & _Max;
2313    __i_ = 0;
2314}
2315
2316template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2317          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2318          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2319template<class _Sseq>
2320void
2321mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b,
2322    __t, __c, __l, __f>::__seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>)
2323{
2324    const unsigned __k = 1;
2325    uint32_t __ar[__n * __k];
2326    __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __n * __k);
2327    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
2328        __x_[__i] = static_cast<result_type>(__ar[__i] & _Max);
2329    const result_type __mask = __r == _Dt ? result_type(~0) :
2330                                       (result_type(1) << __r) - result_type(1);
2331    __i_ = 0;
2332    if ((__x_[0] & ~__mask) == 0)
2333    {
2334        for (size_t __i = 1; __i < __n; ++__i)
2335            if (__x_[__i] != 0)
2336                return;
2337        __x_[0] = _Max;
2338    }
2339}
2340
2341template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2342          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2343          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2344template<class _Sseq>
2345void
2346mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b,
2347    __t, __c, __l, __f>::__seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>)
2348{
2349    const unsigned __k = 2;
2350    uint32_t __ar[__n * __k];
2351    __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __n * __k);
2352    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
2353        __x_[__i] = static_cast<result_type>(
2354            (__ar[2 * __i] + ((uint64_t)__ar[2 * __i + 1] << 32)) & _Max);
2355    const result_type __mask = __r == _Dt ? result_type(~0) :
2356                                       (result_type(1) << __r) - result_type(1);
2357    __i_ = 0;
2358    if ((__x_[0] & ~__mask) == 0)
2359    {
2360        for (size_t __i = 1; __i < __n; ++__i)
2361            if (__x_[__i] != 0)
2362                return;
2363        __x_[0] = _Max;
2364    }
2365}
2366
2367template <class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __n, size_t __m, size_t __r,
2368          _UIntType __a, size_t __u, _UIntType __d, size_t __s,
2369          _UIntType __b, size_t __t, _UIntType __c, size_t __l, _UIntType __f>
2370_UIntType
2371mersenne_twister_engine<_UIntType, __w, __n, __m, __r, __a, __u, __d, __s, __b,
2372    __t, __c, __l, __f>::operator()()
2373{
2374    const size_t __j = (__i_ + 1) % __n;
2375    const result_type __mask = __r == _Dt ? result_type(~0) :
2376                                       (result_type(1) << __r) - result_type(1);
2377    const result_type _Yp = (__x_[__i_] & ~__mask) | (__x_[__j] & __mask);
2378    const size_t __k = (__i_ + __m) % __n;
2379    __x_[__i_] = __x_[__k] ^ __rshift<1>(_Yp) ^ (__a * (_Yp & 1));
2380    result_type __z = __x_[__i_] ^ (__rshift<__u>(__x_[__i_]) & __d);
2381    __i_ = __j;
2382    __z ^= __lshift<__s>(__z) & __b;
2383    __z ^= __lshift<__t>(__z) & __c;
2384    return __z ^ __rshift<__l>(__z);
2385}
2386
2387template <class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2388          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2389          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2390bool
2391operator==(const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2392                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x,
2393           const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2394                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __y)
2395{
2396    if (__x.__i_ == __y.__i_)
2397        return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_, __x.__x_ + _Np, __y.__x_);
2398    if (__x.__i_ == 0 || __y.__i_ == 0)
2399    {
2400        size_t __j = _VSTD::min(_Np - __x.__i_, _Np - __y.__i_);
2401        if (!_VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + __x.__i_, __x.__x_ + __x.__i_ + __j,
2402                         __y.__x_ + __y.__i_))
2403            return false;
2404        if (__x.__i_ == 0)
2405            return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + __j, __x.__x_ + _Np, __y.__x_);
2406        return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_, __x.__x_ + (_Np - __j), __y.__x_ + __j);
2407    }
2408    if (__x.__i_ < __y.__i_)
2409    {
2410        size_t __j = _Np - __y.__i_;
2411        if (!_VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + __x.__i_, __x.__x_ + (__x.__i_ + __j),
2412                         __y.__x_ + __y.__i_))
2413            return false;
2414        if (!_VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + (__x.__i_ + __j), __x.__x_ + _Np,
2415                         __y.__x_))
2416            return false;
2417        return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_, __x.__x_ + __x.__i_,
2418                           __y.__x_ + (_Np - (__x.__i_ + __j)));
2419    }
2420    size_t __j = _Np - __x.__i_;
2421    if (!_VSTD::equal(__y.__x_ + __y.__i_, __y.__x_ + (__y.__i_ + __j),
2422                     __x.__x_ + __x.__i_))
2423        return false;
2424    if (!_VSTD::equal(__y.__x_ + (__y.__i_ + __j), __y.__x_ + _Np,
2425                     __x.__x_))
2426        return false;
2427    return _VSTD::equal(__y.__x_, __y.__x_ + __y.__i_,
2428                       __x.__x_ + (_Np - (__y.__i_ + __j)));
2429}
2430
2431template <class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2432          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2433          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2434inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2435bool
2436operator!=(const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2437                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x,
2438           const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2439                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __y)
2440{
2441    return !(__x == __y);
2442}
2443
2444template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2445          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2446          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2447          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2448basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2449operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2450           const mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2451                                         _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x)
2452{
2453    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
2454    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left);
2455    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
2456    __os.fill(__sp);
2457    __os << __x.__x_[__x.__i_];
2458    for (size_t __j = __x.__i_ + 1; __j < _Np; ++__j)
2459        __os << __sp << __x.__x_[__j];
2460    for (size_t __j = 0; __j < __x.__i_; ++__j)
2461        __os << __sp << __x.__x_[__j];
2462    return __os;
2463}
2464
2465template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2466          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Np, size_t _Mp, size_t _Rp,
2467          _UI _Ap, size_t _Up, _UI _Dp, size_t _Sp,
2468          _UI _Bp, size_t _Tp, _UI _Cp, size_t _Lp, _UI _Fp>
2469basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2470operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2471           mersenne_twister_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Np, _Mp, _Rp, _Ap, _Up, _Dp, _Sp,
2472                                   _Bp, _Tp, _Cp, _Lp, _Fp>& __x)
2473{
2474    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
2475    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
2476    _UI __t[_Np];
2477    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Np; ++__i)
2478        __is >> __t[__i];
2479    if (!__is.fail())
2480    {
2481        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Np; ++__i)
2482            __x.__x_[__i] = __t[__i];
2483        __x.__i_ = 0;
2484    }
2485    return __is;
2486}
2487
2488typedef mersenne_twister_engine<uint_fast32_t, 32, 624, 397, 31,
2489                                0x9908b0df, 11, 0xffffffff,
2490                                7,  0x9d2c5680,
2491                                15, 0xefc60000,
2492                                18, 1812433253>                         mt19937;
2493typedef mersenne_twister_engine<uint_fast64_t, 64, 312, 156, 31,
2494                                0xb5026f5aa96619e9ULL, 29, 0x5555555555555555ULL,
2495                                17, 0x71d67fffeda60000ULL,
2496                                37, 0xfff7eee000000000ULL,
2497                                43, 6364136223846793005ULL>          mt19937_64;
2498
2499// subtract_with_carry_engine
2500
2501template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2502class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY subtract_with_carry_engine;
2503
2504template<class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2505bool
2506operator==(
2507    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x,
2508    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __y);
2509
2510template<class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2511_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2512bool
2513operator!=(
2514    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x,
2515    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __y);
2516
2517template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2518          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2519basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2520operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2521           const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x);
2522
2523template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2524          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2525basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2526operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2527           subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x);
2528
2529template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2530class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY subtract_with_carry_engine
2531{
2532public:
2533    // types
2534    typedef _UIntType result_type;
2535
2536private:
2537    result_type __x_[__r];
2538    result_type  __c_;
2539    size_t      __i_;
2540
2541    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Dt = numeric_limits<result_type>::digits;
2542    static_assert(  0 <  __w, "subtract_with_carry_engine invalid parameters");
2543    static_assert(__w <= _Dt, "subtract_with_carry_engine invalid parameters");
2544    static_assert(  0 <  __s, "subtract_with_carry_engine invalid parameters");
2545    static_assert(__s <  __r, "subtract_with_carry_engine invalid parameters");
2546public:
2547    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = 0;
2548    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = __w == _Dt ? result_type(~0) :
2549                                                      (result_type(1) << __w) - result_type(1);
2550    static_assert(_Min < _Max, "subtract_with_carry_engine invalid parameters");
2551
2552    // engine characteristics
2553    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t word_size = __w;
2554    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t short_lag = __s;
2555    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t long_lag = __r;
2556    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2557    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Min; }
2558    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2559    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Max; }
2560    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type default_seed = 19780503u;
2561
2562    // constructors and seeding functions
2563    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2564    explicit subtract_with_carry_engine(result_type __sd = default_seed)
2565        {seed(__sd);}
2566    template<class _Sseq>
2567        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2568        explicit subtract_with_carry_engine(_Sseq& __q,
2569        typename enable_if<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, subtract_with_carry_engine>::value>::type* = 0)
2570        {seed(__q);}
2571    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2572    void seed(result_type __sd = default_seed)
2573        {seed(__sd, integral_constant<unsigned, 1 + (__w - 1) / 32>());}
2574    template<class _Sseq>
2575        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2576        typename enable_if
2577        <
2578            __is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, subtract_with_carry_engine>::value,
2579            void
2580        >::type
2581        seed(_Sseq& __q)
2582            {__seed(__q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1 + (__w - 1) / 32>());}
2583
2584    // generating functions
2585    result_type operator()();
2586    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2587    void discard(unsigned long long __z) {for (; __z; --__z) operator()();}
2588
2589    template<class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2590    friend
2591    bool
2592    operator==(
2593        const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x,
2594        const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __y);
2595
2596    template<class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2597    friend
2598    bool
2599    operator!=(
2600        const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x,
2601        const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __y);
2602
2603    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2604              class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2605    friend
2606    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2607    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2608               const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x);
2609
2610    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2611              class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2612    friend
2613    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2614    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2615               subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x);
2616
2617private:
2618
2619    void seed(result_type __sd, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>);
2620    void seed(result_type __sd, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>);
2621    template<class _Sseq>
2622        void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 1>);
2623    template<class _Sseq>
2624        void __seed(_Sseq& __q, integral_constant<unsigned, 2>);
2625};
2626
2627template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2628    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::word_size;
2629
2630template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2631    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::short_lag;
2632
2633template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2634    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::long_lag;
2635
2636template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2637    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const typename subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::result_type
2638    subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::default_seed;
2639
2640template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2641void
2642subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::seed(result_type __sd,
2643        integral_constant<unsigned, 1>)
2644{
2645    linear_congruential_engine<result_type, 40014u, 0u, 2147483563u>
2646        __e(__sd == 0u ? default_seed : __sd);
2647    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __r; ++__i)
2648        __x_[__i] = static_cast<result_type>(__e() & _Max);
2649    __c_ = __x_[__r-1] == 0;
2650    __i_ = 0;
2651}
2652
2653template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2654void
2655subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::seed(result_type __sd,
2656        integral_constant<unsigned, 2>)
2657{
2658    linear_congruential_engine<result_type, 40014u, 0u, 2147483563u>
2659        __e(__sd == 0u ? default_seed : __sd);
2660    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __r; ++__i)
2661    {
2662        result_type __e0 = __e();
2663        __x_[__i] = static_cast<result_type>(
2664                                    (__e0 + ((uint64_t)__e() << 32)) & _Max);
2665    }
2666    __c_ = __x_[__r-1] == 0;
2667    __i_ = 0;
2668}
2669
2670template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2671template<class _Sseq>
2672void
2673subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::__seed(_Sseq& __q,
2674        integral_constant<unsigned, 1>)
2675{
2676    const unsigned __k = 1;
2677    uint32_t __ar[__r * __k];
2678    __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __r * __k);
2679    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __r; ++__i)
2680        __x_[__i] = static_cast<result_type>(__ar[__i] & _Max);
2681    __c_ = __x_[__r-1] == 0;
2682    __i_ = 0;
2683}
2684
2685template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2686template<class _Sseq>
2687void
2688subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::__seed(_Sseq& __q,
2689        integral_constant<unsigned, 2>)
2690{
2691    const unsigned __k = 2;
2692    uint32_t __ar[__r * __k];
2693    __q.generate(__ar, __ar + __r * __k);
2694    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __r; ++__i)
2695        __x_[__i] = static_cast<result_type>(
2696                  (__ar[2 * __i] + ((uint64_t)__ar[2 * __i + 1] << 32)) & _Max);
2697    __c_ = __x_[__r-1] == 0;
2698    __i_ = 0;
2699}
2700
2701template<class _UIntType, size_t __w, size_t __s, size_t __r>
2702_UIntType
2703subtract_with_carry_engine<_UIntType, __w, __s, __r>::operator()()
2704{
2705    const result_type& __xs = __x_[(__i_ + (__r - __s)) % __r];
2706    result_type& __xr = __x_[__i_];
2707    result_type __new_c = __c_ == 0 ? __xs < __xr : __xs != 0 ? __xs <= __xr : 1;
2708    __xr = (__xs - __xr - __c_) & _Max;
2709    __c_ = __new_c;
2710    __i_ = (__i_ + 1) % __r;
2711    return __xr;
2712}
2713
2714template<class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2715bool
2716operator==(
2717    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x,
2718    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __y)
2719{
2720    if (__x.__c_ != __y.__c_)
2721        return false;
2722    if (__x.__i_ == __y.__i_)
2723        return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_, __x.__x_ + _Rp, __y.__x_);
2724    if (__x.__i_ == 0 || __y.__i_ == 0)
2725    {
2726        size_t __j = _VSTD::min(_Rp - __x.__i_, _Rp - __y.__i_);
2727        if (!_VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + __x.__i_, __x.__x_ + __x.__i_ + __j,
2728                         __y.__x_ + __y.__i_))
2729            return false;
2730        if (__x.__i_ == 0)
2731            return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + __j, __x.__x_ + _Rp, __y.__x_);
2732        return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_, __x.__x_ + (_Rp - __j), __y.__x_ + __j);
2733    }
2734    if (__x.__i_ < __y.__i_)
2735    {
2736        size_t __j = _Rp - __y.__i_;
2737        if (!_VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + __x.__i_, __x.__x_ + (__x.__i_ + __j),
2738                         __y.__x_ + __y.__i_))
2739            return false;
2740        if (!_VSTD::equal(__x.__x_ + (__x.__i_ + __j), __x.__x_ + _Rp,
2741                         __y.__x_))
2742            return false;
2743        return _VSTD::equal(__x.__x_, __x.__x_ + __x.__i_,
2744                           __y.__x_ + (_Rp - (__x.__i_ + __j)));
2745    }
2746    size_t __j = _Rp - __x.__i_;
2747    if (!_VSTD::equal(__y.__x_ + __y.__i_, __y.__x_ + (__y.__i_ + __j),
2748                     __x.__x_ + __x.__i_))
2749        return false;
2750    if (!_VSTD::equal(__y.__x_ + (__y.__i_ + __j), __y.__x_ + _Rp,
2751                     __x.__x_))
2752        return false;
2753    return _VSTD::equal(__y.__x_, __y.__x_ + __y.__i_,
2754                       __x.__x_ + (_Rp - (__y.__i_ + __j)));
2755}
2756
2757template<class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2758inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2759bool
2760operator!=(
2761    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x,
2762    const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __y)
2763{
2764    return !(__x == __y);
2765}
2766
2767template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2768          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2769basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2770operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2771           const subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x)
2772{
2773    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
2774    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left);
2775    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
2776    __os.fill(__sp);
2777    __os << __x.__x_[__x.__i_];
2778    for (size_t __j = __x.__i_ + 1; __j < _Rp; ++__j)
2779        __os << __sp << __x.__x_[__j];
2780    for (size_t __j = 0; __j < __x.__i_; ++__j)
2781        __os << __sp << __x.__x_[__j];
2782    __os << __sp << __x.__c_;
2783    return __os;
2784}
2785
2786template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2787          class _UI, size_t _Wp, size_t _Sp, size_t _Rp>
2788basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2789operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2790           subtract_with_carry_engine<_UI, _Wp, _Sp, _Rp>& __x)
2791{
2792    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
2793    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
2794    _UI __t[_Rp+1];
2795    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Rp+1; ++__i)
2796        __is >> __t[__i];
2797    if (!__is.fail())
2798    {
2799        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Rp; ++__i)
2800            __x.__x_[__i] = __t[__i];
2801        __x.__c_ = __t[_Rp];
2802        __x.__i_ = 0;
2803    }
2804    return __is;
2805}
2806
2807typedef subtract_with_carry_engine<uint_fast32_t, 24, 10, 24>     ranlux24_base;
2808typedef subtract_with_carry_engine<uint_fast64_t, 48,  5, 12>     ranlux48_base;
2809
2810// discard_block_engine
2811
2812template<class _Engine, size_t __p, size_t __r>
2813class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY discard_block_engine
2814{
2815    _Engine __e_;
2816    int     __n_;
2817
2818    static_assert(  0 <  __r, "discard_block_engine invalid parameters");
2819    static_assert(__r <= __p, "discard_block_engine invalid parameters");
2820public:
2821    // types
2822    typedef typename _Engine::result_type result_type;
2823
2824    // engine characteristics
2825    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t block_size = __p;
2826    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t used_block = __r;
2827
2828#ifdef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_CONSTEXPR
2829    static const result_type _Min = _Engine::_Min;
2830    static const result_type _Max = _Engine::_Max;
2831#else
2832    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = _Engine::min();
2833    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = _Engine::max();
2834#endif
2835
2836    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2837    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Engine::min(); }
2838    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2839    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Engine::max(); }
2840
2841    // constructors and seeding functions
2842    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2843    discard_block_engine() : __n_(0) {}
2844    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2845    explicit discard_block_engine(const _Engine& __e)
2846        : __e_(__e), __n_(0) {}
2847#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
2848    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2849    explicit discard_block_engine(_Engine&& __e)
2850        : __e_(_VSTD::move(__e)), __n_(0) {}
2851#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
2852    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2853    explicit discard_block_engine(result_type __sd) : __e_(__sd), __n_(0) {}
2854    template<class _Sseq>
2855        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2856        explicit discard_block_engine(_Sseq& __q,
2857        typename enable_if<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, discard_block_engine>::value &&
2858                           !is_convertible<_Sseq, _Engine>::value>::type* = 0)
2859        : __e_(__q), __n_(0) {}
2860    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2861    void seed() {__e_.seed(); __n_ = 0;}
2862    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2863    void seed(result_type __sd) {__e_.seed(__sd); __n_ = 0;}
2864    template<class _Sseq>
2865        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2866        typename enable_if
2867        <
2868            __is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, discard_block_engine>::value,
2869            void
2870        >::type
2871        seed(_Sseq& __q) {__e_.seed(__q); __n_ = 0;}
2872
2873    // generating functions
2874    result_type operator()();
2875    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2876    void discard(unsigned long long __z) {for (; __z; --__z) operator()();}
2877
2878    // property functions
2879    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2880    const _Engine& base() const _NOEXCEPT {return __e_;}
2881
2882    template<class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2883    friend
2884    bool
2885    operator==(
2886        const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x,
2887        const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __y);
2888
2889    template<class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2890    friend
2891    bool
2892    operator!=(
2893        const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x,
2894        const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __y);
2895
2896    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2897              class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2898    friend
2899    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2900    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2901               const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x);
2902
2903    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2904              class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2905    friend
2906    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2907    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2908               discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x);
2909};
2910
2911template<class _Engine, size_t __p, size_t __r>
2912    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t discard_block_engine<_Engine, __p, __r>::block_size;
2913
2914template<class _Engine, size_t __p, size_t __r>
2915    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t discard_block_engine<_Engine, __p, __r>::used_block;
2916
2917template<class _Engine, size_t __p, size_t __r>
2918typename discard_block_engine<_Engine, __p, __r>::result_type
2919discard_block_engine<_Engine, __p, __r>::operator()()
2920{
2921    if (__n_ >= __r)
2922    {
2923        __e_.discard(__p - __r);
2924        __n_ = 0;
2925    }
2926    ++__n_;
2927    return __e_();
2928}
2929
2930template<class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2931inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2932bool
2933operator==(const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x,
2934           const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __y)
2935{
2936    return __x.__n_ == __y.__n_ && __x.__e_ == __y.__e_;
2937}
2938
2939template<class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2940inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
2941bool
2942operator!=(const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x,
2943           const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __y)
2944{
2945    return !(__x == __y);
2946}
2947
2948template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2949          class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2950basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2951operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
2952           const discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x)
2953{
2954    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
2955    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left);
2956    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
2957    __os.fill(__sp);
2958    return __os << __x.__e_ << __sp << __x.__n_;
2959}
2960
2961template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
2962          class _Eng, size_t _Pp, size_t _Rp>
2963basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
2964operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
2965           discard_block_engine<_Eng, _Pp, _Rp>& __x)
2966{
2967    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
2968    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
2969    _Eng __e;
2970    int __n;
2971    __is >> __e >> __n;
2972    if (!__is.fail())
2973    {
2974        __x.__e_ = __e;
2975        __x.__n_ = __n;
2976    }
2977    return __is;
2978}
2979
2980typedef discard_block_engine<ranlux24_base, 223, 23> ranlux24;
2981typedef discard_block_engine<ranlux48_base, 389, 11> ranlux48;
2982
2983// independent_bits_engine
2984
2985template<class _Engine, size_t __w, class _UIntType>
2986class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY independent_bits_engine
2987{
2988    template <class _UI, _UI _R0, size_t _Wp, size_t _Mp>
2989    class __get_n
2990    {
2991        static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t _Dt = numeric_limits<_UI>::digits;
2992        static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t _Np = _Wp / _Mp + (_Wp % _Mp != 0);
2993        static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t _W0 = _Wp / _Np;
2994        static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const _UI _Y0 = _W0 >= _Dt ? 0 : (_R0 >> _W0) << _W0;
2995    public:
2996        static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t value = _R0 - _Y0 > _Y0 / _Np ? _Np + 1 : _Np;
2997    };
2998public:
2999    // types
3000    typedef _UIntType result_type;
3001
3002private:
3003    _Engine __e_;
3004
3005    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Dt = numeric_limits<result_type>::digits;
3006    static_assert(  0 <  __w, "independent_bits_engine invalid parameters");
3007    static_assert(__w <= _Dt, "independent_bits_engine invalid parameters");
3008
3009    typedef typename _Engine::result_type _Engine_result_type;
3010    typedef typename conditional
3011        <
3012            sizeof(_Engine_result_type) <= sizeof(result_type),
3013                result_type,
3014                _Engine_result_type
3015        >::type _Working_result_type;
3016#ifdef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_CONSTEXPR
3017    static const _Working_result_type _Rp = _Engine::_Max - _Engine::_Min
3018                                          + _Working_result_type(1);
3019#else
3020    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const _Working_result_type _Rp = _Engine::max() - _Engine::min()
3021                                                            + _Working_result_type(1);
3022#endif
3023    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t __m = __log2<_Working_result_type, _Rp>::value;
3024    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t __n = __get_n<_Working_result_type, _Rp, __w, __m>::value;
3025    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t __w0 = __w / __n;
3026    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t __n0 = __n - __w % __n;
3027    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t _WDt = numeric_limits<_Working_result_type>::digits;
3028    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t _EDt = numeric_limits<_Engine_result_type>::digits;
3029    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const _Working_result_type __y0 = __w0 >= _WDt ? 0 :
3030                                                               (_Rp >> __w0) << __w0;
3031    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const _Working_result_type __y1 = __w0 >= _WDt - 1 ? 0 :
3032                                                               (_Rp >> (__w0+1)) << (__w0+1);
3033    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const _Engine_result_type __mask0 = __w0 > 0 ?
3034                                _Engine_result_type(~0) >> (_EDt - __w0) :
3035                                _Engine_result_type(0);
3036    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const _Engine_result_type __mask1 = __w0 < _EDt - 1 ?
3037                                _Engine_result_type(~0) >> (_EDt - (__w0 + 1)) :
3038                                _Engine_result_type(~0);
3039public:
3040    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = 0;
3041    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = __w == _Dt ? result_type(~0) :
3042                                                      (result_type(1) << __w) - result_type(1);
3043    static_assert(_Min < _Max, "independent_bits_engine invalid parameters");
3044
3045    // engine characteristics
3046    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3047    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Min; }
3048    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3049    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Max; }
3050
3051    // constructors and seeding functions
3052    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3053    independent_bits_engine() {}
3054    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3055    explicit independent_bits_engine(const _Engine& __e)
3056        : __e_(__e) {}
3057#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
3058    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3059    explicit independent_bits_engine(_Engine&& __e)
3060        : __e_(_VSTD::move(__e)) {}
3061#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
3062    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3063    explicit independent_bits_engine(result_type __sd) : __e_(__sd) {}
3064    template<class _Sseq>
3065        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3066        explicit independent_bits_engine(_Sseq& __q,
3067        typename enable_if<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, independent_bits_engine>::value &&
3068                           !is_convertible<_Sseq, _Engine>::value>::type* = 0)
3069         : __e_(__q) {}
3070    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3071    void seed() {__e_.seed();}
3072    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3073    void seed(result_type __sd) {__e_.seed(__sd);}
3074    template<class _Sseq>
3075        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3076        typename enable_if
3077        <
3078            __is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, independent_bits_engine>::value,
3079            void
3080        >::type
3081        seed(_Sseq& __q) {__e_.seed(__q);}
3082
3083    // generating functions
3084    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3085    result_type operator()() {return __eval(integral_constant<bool, _Rp != 0>());}
3086    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3087    void discard(unsigned long long __z) {for (; __z; --__z) operator()();}
3088
3089    // property functions
3090    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3091    const _Engine& base() const _NOEXCEPT {return __e_;}
3092
3093    template<class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3094    friend
3095    bool
3096    operator==(
3097        const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x,
3098        const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __y);
3099
3100    template<class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3101    friend
3102    bool
3103    operator!=(
3104        const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x,
3105        const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __y);
3106
3107    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3108              class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3109    friend
3110    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3111    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
3112               const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x);
3113
3114    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3115              class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3116    friend
3117    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3118    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
3119               independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x);
3120
3121private:
3122    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3123    result_type __eval(false_type);
3124    result_type __eval(true_type);
3125
3126    template <size_t __count>
3127        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3128        static
3129        typename enable_if
3130        <
3131            __count < _Dt,
3132            result_type
3133        >::type
3134        __lshift(result_type __x) {return __x << __count;}
3135
3136    template <size_t __count>
3137        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3138        static
3139        typename enable_if
3140        <
3141            (__count >= _Dt),
3142            result_type
3143        >::type
3144        __lshift(result_type) {return result_type(0);}
3145};
3146
3147template<class _Engine, size_t __w, class _UIntType>
3148inline
3149_UIntType
3150independent_bits_engine<_Engine, __w, _UIntType>::__eval(false_type)
3151{
3152    return static_cast<result_type>(__e_() & __mask0);
3153}
3154
3155template<class _Engine, size_t __w, class _UIntType>
3156_UIntType
3157independent_bits_engine<_Engine, __w, _UIntType>::__eval(true_type)
3158{
3159    result_type _Sp = 0;
3160    for (size_t __k = 0; __k < __n0; ++__k)
3161    {
3162        _Engine_result_type __u;
3163        do
3164        {
3165            __u = __e_() - _Engine::min();
3166        } while (__u >= __y0);
3167        _Sp = static_cast<result_type>(__lshift<__w0>(_Sp) + (__u & __mask0));
3168    }
3169    for (size_t __k = __n0; __k < __n; ++__k)
3170    {
3171        _Engine_result_type __u;
3172        do
3173        {
3174            __u = __e_() - _Engine::min();
3175        } while (__u >= __y1);
3176        _Sp = static_cast<result_type>(__lshift<__w0+1>(_Sp) + (__u & __mask1));
3177    }
3178    return _Sp;
3179}
3180
3181template<class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3182inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3183bool
3184operator==(
3185    const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x,
3186    const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __y)
3187{
3188    return __x.base() == __y.base();
3189}
3190
3191template<class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3192inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3193bool
3194operator!=(
3195    const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x,
3196    const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __y)
3197{
3198    return !(__x == __y);
3199}
3200
3201template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3202          class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3203basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3204operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
3205           const independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x)
3206{
3207    return __os << __x.base();
3208}
3209
3210template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3211          class _Eng, size_t _Wp, class _UI>
3212basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3213operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
3214           independent_bits_engine<_Eng, _Wp, _UI>& __x)
3215{
3216    _Eng __e;
3217    __is >> __e;
3218    if (!__is.fail())
3219        __x.__e_ = __e;
3220    return __is;
3221}
3222
3223// shuffle_order_engine
3224
3225template <uint64_t _Xp, uint64_t _Yp>
3226struct __ugcd
3227{
3228    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const uint64_t value = __ugcd<_Yp, _Xp % _Yp>::value;
3229};
3230
3231template <uint64_t _Xp>
3232struct __ugcd<_Xp, 0>
3233{
3234    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const uint64_t value = _Xp;
3235};
3236
3237template <uint64_t _Np, uint64_t _Dp>
3238class __uratio
3239{
3240    static_assert(_Dp != 0, "__uratio divide by 0");
3241    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const uint64_t __gcd = __ugcd<_Np, _Dp>::value;
3242public:
3243    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const uint64_t num = _Np / __gcd;
3244    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const uint64_t den = _Dp / __gcd;
3245
3246    typedef __uratio<num, den> type;
3247};
3248
3249template<class _Engine, size_t __k>
3250class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY shuffle_order_engine
3251{
3252    static_assert(0 < __k, "shuffle_order_engine invalid parameters");
3253public:
3254    // types
3255    typedef typename _Engine::result_type result_type;
3256
3257private:
3258    _Engine __e_;
3259    result_type _V_[__k];
3260    result_type _Y_;
3261
3262public:
3263    // engine characteristics
3264    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t table_size = __k;
3265
3266#ifdef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_CONSTEXPR
3267    static const result_type _Min = _Engine::_Min;
3268    static const result_type _Max = _Engine::_Max;
3269#else
3270    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = _Engine::min();
3271    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = _Engine::max();
3272#endif
3273    static_assert(_Min < _Max, "shuffle_order_engine invalid parameters");
3274    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3275    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Min; }
3276    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3277    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Max; }
3278
3279    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const unsigned long long _Rp = _Max - _Min + 1ull;
3280
3281    // constructors and seeding functions
3282    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3283    shuffle_order_engine() {__init();}
3284    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3285    explicit shuffle_order_engine(const _Engine& __e)
3286        : __e_(__e) {__init();}
3287#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
3288    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3289    explicit shuffle_order_engine(_Engine&& __e)
3290        : __e_(_VSTD::move(__e)) {__init();}
3291#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
3292    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3293    explicit shuffle_order_engine(result_type __sd) : __e_(__sd) {__init();}
3294    template<class _Sseq>
3295        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3296        explicit shuffle_order_engine(_Sseq& __q,
3297        typename enable_if<__is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, shuffle_order_engine>::value &&
3298                           !is_convertible<_Sseq, _Engine>::value>::type* = 0)
3299         : __e_(__q) {__init();}
3300    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3301    void seed() {__e_.seed(); __init();}
3302    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3303    void seed(result_type __sd) {__e_.seed(__sd); __init();}
3304    template<class _Sseq>
3305        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3306        typename enable_if
3307        <
3308            __is_seed_sequence<_Sseq, shuffle_order_engine>::value,
3309            void
3310        >::type
3311        seed(_Sseq& __q) {__e_.seed(__q); __init();}
3312
3313    // generating functions
3314    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3315    result_type operator()() {return __eval(integral_constant<bool, _Rp != 0>());}
3316    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3317    void discard(unsigned long long __z) {for (; __z; --__z) operator()();}
3318
3319    // property functions
3320    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3321    const _Engine& base() const _NOEXCEPT {return __e_;}
3322
3323private:
3324    template<class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3325    friend
3326    bool
3327    operator==(
3328        const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x,
3329        const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __y);
3330
3331    template<class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3332    friend
3333    bool
3334    operator!=(
3335        const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x,
3336        const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __y);
3337
3338    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3339              class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3340    friend
3341    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3342    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
3343               const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x);
3344
3345    template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3346              class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3347    friend
3348    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3349    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
3350               shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x);
3351
3352    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3353    void __init()
3354    {
3355        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __k; ++__i)
3356            _V_[__i] = __e_();
3357        _Y_ = __e_();
3358    }
3359
3360    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3361    result_type __eval(false_type) {return __eval2(integral_constant<bool, __k & 1>());}
3362    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3363    result_type __eval(true_type) {return __eval(__uratio<__k, _Rp>());}
3364
3365    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3366    result_type __eval2(false_type) {return __eval(__uratio<__k/2, 0x8000000000000000ull>());}
3367    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3368    result_type __eval2(true_type) {return __evalf<__k, 0>();}
3369
3370    template <uint64_t _Np, uint64_t _Dp>
3371        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3372        typename enable_if
3373        <
3374            (__uratio<_Np, _Dp>::num > 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFull / (_Max - _Min)),
3375            result_type
3376        >::type
3377        __eval(__uratio<_Np, _Dp>)
3378            {return __evalf<__uratio<_Np, _Dp>::num, __uratio<_Np, _Dp>::den>();}
3379
3380    template <uint64_t _Np, uint64_t _Dp>
3381        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3382        typename enable_if
3383        <
3384            __uratio<_Np, _Dp>::num <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFull / (_Max - _Min),
3385            result_type
3386        >::type
3387        __eval(__uratio<_Np, _Dp>)
3388        {
3389            const size_t __j = static_cast<size_t>(__uratio<_Np, _Dp>::num * (_Y_ - _Min)
3390                                                   / __uratio<_Np, _Dp>::den);
3391            _Y_ = _V_[__j];
3392            _V_[__j] = __e_();
3393            return _Y_;
3394        }
3395
3396    template <uint64_t __n, uint64_t __d>
3397        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3398        result_type __evalf()
3399        {
3400            const double _Fp = __d == 0 ?
3401                __n / (2. * 0x8000000000000000ull) :
3402                __n / (double)__d;
3403            const size_t __j = static_cast<size_t>(_Fp * (_Y_ - _Min));
3404            _Y_ = _V_[__j];
3405            _V_[__j] = __e_();
3406            return _Y_;
3407        }
3408};
3409
3410template<class _Engine, size_t __k>
3411    _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const size_t shuffle_order_engine<_Engine, __k>::table_size;
3412
3413template<class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3414bool
3415operator==(
3416    const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x,
3417    const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __y)
3418{
3419    return __x._Y_ == __y._Y_ && _VSTD::equal(__x._V_, __x._V_ + _Kp, __y._V_) &&
3420           __x.__e_ == __y.__e_;
3421}
3422
3423template<class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3424inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3425bool
3426operator!=(
3427    const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x,
3428    const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __y)
3429{
3430    return !(__x == __y);
3431}
3432
3433template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3434          class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3435basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3436operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
3437           const shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x)
3438{
3439    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
3440    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left);
3441    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
3442    __os.fill(__sp);
3443    __os << __x.__e_ << __sp << __x._V_[0];
3444    for (size_t __i = 1; __i < _Kp; ++__i)
3445        __os << __sp << __x._V_[__i];
3446    return __os << __sp << __x._Y_;
3447}
3448
3449template <class _CharT, class _Traits,
3450          class _Eng, size_t _Kp>
3451basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3452operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
3453           shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>& __x)
3454{
3455    typedef typename shuffle_order_engine<_Eng, _Kp>::result_type result_type;
3456    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
3457    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
3458    _Eng __e;
3459    result_type _Vp[_Kp+1];
3460    __is >> __e;
3461    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Kp+1; ++__i)
3462        __is >> _Vp[__i];
3463    if (!__is.fail())
3464    {
3465        __x.__e_ = __e;
3466        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Kp; ++__i)
3467            __x._V_[__i] = _Vp[__i];
3468        __x._Y_ = _Vp[_Kp];
3469    }
3470    return __is;
3471}
3472
3473typedef shuffle_order_engine<minstd_rand0, 256>                         knuth_b;
3474
3475// random_device
3476
3477class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS random_device
3478{
3479#ifdef _LIBCPP_USING_DEV_RANDOM
3480    int __f_;
3481#endif // defined(_LIBCPP_USING_DEV_RANDOM)
3482public:
3483    // types
3484    typedef unsigned result_type;
3485
3486    // generator characteristics
3487    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Min = 0;
3488    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR const result_type _Max = 0xFFFFFFFFu;
3489
3490    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3491    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type min() { return _Min;}
3492    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3493    static _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR result_type max() { return _Max;}
3494
3495    // constructors
3496    explicit random_device(const string& __token = "/dev/urandom");
3497    ~random_device();
3498
3499    // generating functions
3500    result_type operator()();
3501
3502    // property functions
3503    double entropy() const _NOEXCEPT;
3504
3505private:
3506    // no copy functions
3507    random_device(const random_device&); // = delete;
3508    random_device& operator=(const random_device&); // = delete;
3509};
3510
3511// seed_seq
3512
3513class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY seed_seq
3514{
3515public:
3516    // types
3517    typedef uint32_t result_type;
3518
3519private:
3520    vector<result_type> __v_;
3521
3522    template<class _InputIterator>
3523        void init(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last);
3524public:
3525    // constructors
3526    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3527    seed_seq() _NOEXCEPT {}
3528#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
3529    template<class _Tp>
3530        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3531        seed_seq(initializer_list<_Tp> __il) {init(__il.begin(), __il.end());}
3532#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
3533
3534    template<class _InputIterator>
3535        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3536        seed_seq(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
3537             {init(__first, __last);}
3538
3539    // generating functions
3540    template<class _RandomAccessIterator>
3541        void generate(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last);
3542
3543    // property functions
3544    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3545    size_t size() const _NOEXCEPT {return __v_.size();}
3546    template<class _OutputIterator>
3547        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3548        void param(_OutputIterator __dest) const
3549            {_VSTD::copy(__v_.begin(), __v_.end(), __dest);}
3550
3551private:
3552    // no copy functions
3553    seed_seq(const seed_seq&); // = delete;
3554    void operator=(const seed_seq&); // = delete;
3555
3556    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3557    static result_type _Tp(result_type __x) {return __x ^ (__x >> 27);}
3558};
3559
3560template<class _InputIterator>
3561void
3562seed_seq::init(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
3563{
3564    for (_InputIterator __s = __first; __s != __last; ++__s)
3565        __v_.push_back(*__s & 0xFFFFFFFF);
3566}
3567
3568template<class _RandomAccessIterator>
3569void
3570seed_seq::generate(_RandomAccessIterator __first, _RandomAccessIterator __last)
3571{
3572    if (__first != __last)
3573    {
3574        _VSTD::fill(__first, __last, 0x8b8b8b8b);
3575        const size_t __n = static_cast<size_t>(__last - __first);
3576        const size_t __s = __v_.size();
3577        const size_t __t = (__n >= 623) ? 11
3578                         : (__n >= 68) ? 7
3579                         : (__n >= 39) ? 5
3580                         : (__n >= 7)  ? 3
3581                         : (__n - 1) / 2;
3582        const size_t __p = (__n - __t) / 2;
3583        const size_t __q = __p + __t;
3584        const size_t __m = _VSTD::max(__s + 1, __n);
3585        // __k = 0;
3586        {
3587            result_type __r = 1664525 * _Tp(__first[0] ^ __first[__p]
3588                                                      ^  __first[__n - 1]);
3589            __first[__p] += __r;
3590            __r += __s;
3591            __first[__q] += __r;
3592            __first[0] = __r;
3593        }
3594        for (size_t __k = 1; __k <= __s; ++__k)
3595        {
3596            const size_t __kmodn = __k % __n;
3597            const size_t __kpmodn = (__k + __p) % __n;
3598            result_type __r = 1664525 * _Tp(__first[__kmodn] ^ __first[__kpmodn]
3599                                           ^ __first[(__k - 1) % __n]);
3600            __first[__kpmodn] += __r;
3601            __r +=  __kmodn + __v_[__k-1];
3602            __first[(__k + __q) % __n] += __r;
3603            __first[__kmodn] = __r;
3604        }
3605        for (size_t __k = __s + 1; __k < __m; ++__k)
3606        {
3607            const size_t __kmodn = __k % __n;
3608            const size_t __kpmodn = (__k + __p) % __n;
3609            result_type __r = 1664525 * _Tp(__first[__kmodn] ^ __first[__kpmodn]
3610                                           ^ __first[(__k - 1) % __n]);
3611            __first[__kpmodn] += __r;
3612            __r +=  __kmodn;
3613            __first[(__k + __q) % __n] += __r;
3614            __first[__kmodn] = __r;
3615        }
3616        for (size_t __k = __m; __k < __m + __n; ++__k)
3617        {
3618            const size_t __kmodn = __k % __n;
3619            const size_t __kpmodn = (__k + __p) % __n;
3620            result_type __r = 1566083941 * _Tp(__first[__kmodn] +
3621                                              __first[__kpmodn] +
3622                                              __first[(__k - 1) % __n]);
3623            __first[__kpmodn] ^= __r;
3624            __r -= __kmodn;
3625            __first[(__k + __q) % __n] ^= __r;
3626            __first[__kmodn] = __r;
3627        }
3628    }
3629}
3630
3631// generate_canonical
3632
3633template<class _RealType, size_t __bits, class _URNG>
3634_RealType
3635generate_canonical(_URNG& __g)
3636{
3637    const size_t _Dt = numeric_limits<_RealType>::digits;
3638    const size_t __b = _Dt < __bits ? _Dt : __bits;
3639#ifdef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_CONSTEXPR
3640    const size_t __logR = __log2<uint64_t, _URNG::_Max - _URNG::_Min + uint64_t(1)>::value;
3641#else
3642    const size_t __logR = __log2<uint64_t, _URNG::max() - _URNG::min() + uint64_t(1)>::value;
3643#endif
3644    const size_t __k = __b / __logR + (__b % __logR != 0) + (__b == 0);
3645    const _RealType _Rp = _URNG::max() - _URNG::min() + _RealType(1);
3646    _RealType __base = _Rp;
3647    _RealType _Sp = __g() - _URNG::min();
3648    for (size_t __i = 1; __i < __k; ++__i, __base *= _Rp)
3649        _Sp += (__g() - _URNG::min()) * __base;
3650    return _Sp / __base;
3651}
3652
3653// uniform_int_distribution
3654
3655// in <algorithm>
3656
3657template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
3658basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3659operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
3660           const uniform_int_distribution<_IT>& __x)
3661{
3662    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
3663    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left);
3664    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
3665    __os.fill(__sp);
3666    return __os << __x.a() << __sp << __x.b();
3667}
3668
3669template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
3670basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3671operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
3672           uniform_int_distribution<_IT>& __x)
3673{
3674    typedef uniform_int_distribution<_IT> _Eng;
3675    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
3676    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
3677    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
3678    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
3679    result_type __a;
3680    result_type __b;
3681    __is >> __a >> __b;
3682    if (!__is.fail())
3683        __x.param(param_type(__a, __b));
3684    return __is;
3685}
3686
3687// uniform_real_distribution
3688
3689template<class _RealType = double>
3690class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY uniform_real_distribution
3691{
3692public:
3693    // types
3694    typedef _RealType result_type;
3695
3696    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
3697    {
3698        result_type __a_;
3699        result_type __b_;
3700    public:
3701        typedef uniform_real_distribution distribution_type;
3702
3703        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3704        explicit param_type(result_type __a = 0,
3705                            result_type __b = 1)
3706            : __a_(__a), __b_(__b) {}
3707
3708        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3709        result_type a() const {return __a_;}
3710        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3711        result_type b() const {return __b_;}
3712
3713        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3714        bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
3715            {return __x.__a_ == __y.__a_ && __x.__b_ == __y.__b_;}
3716        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3717        bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
3718            {return !(__x == __y);}
3719    };
3720
3721private:
3722    param_type __p_;
3723
3724public:
3725    // constructors and reset functions
3726    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3727    explicit uniform_real_distribution(result_type __a = 0, result_type __b = 1)
3728        : __p_(param_type(__a, __b)) {}
3729    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3730    explicit uniform_real_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
3731    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3732    void reset() {}
3733
3734    // generating functions
3735    template<class _URNG>
3736        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3737        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
3738        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
3739    template<class _URNG> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
3740
3741    // property functions
3742    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3743    result_type a() const {return __p_.a();}
3744    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3745    result_type b() const {return __p_.b();}
3746
3747    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3748    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
3749    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3750    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
3751
3752    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3753    result_type min() const {return a();}
3754    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3755    result_type max() const {return b();}
3756
3757    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3758        bool operator==(const uniform_real_distribution& __x,
3759                        const uniform_real_distribution& __y)
3760        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
3761    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3762        bool operator!=(const uniform_real_distribution& __x,
3763                        const uniform_real_distribution& __y)
3764        {return !(__x == __y);}
3765};
3766
3767template<class _RealType>
3768template<class _URNG>
3769inline
3770typename uniform_real_distribution<_RealType>::result_type
3771uniform_real_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
3772{
3773    return (__p.b() - __p.a())
3774        * _VSTD::generate_canonical<_RealType, numeric_limits<_RealType>::digits>(__g)
3775        + __p.a();
3776}
3777
3778template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
3779basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3780operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
3781           const uniform_real_distribution<_RT>& __x)
3782{
3783    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
3784    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
3785               ios_base::scientific);
3786    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
3787    __os.fill(__sp);
3788    return __os << __x.a() << __sp << __x.b();
3789}
3790
3791template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
3792basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3793operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
3794           uniform_real_distribution<_RT>& __x)
3795{
3796    typedef uniform_real_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
3797    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
3798    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
3799    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
3800    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
3801    result_type __a;
3802    result_type __b;
3803    __is >> __a >> __b;
3804    if (!__is.fail())
3805        __x.param(param_type(__a, __b));
3806    return __is;
3807}
3808
3809// bernoulli_distribution
3810
3811class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY bernoulli_distribution
3812{
3813public:
3814    // types
3815    typedef bool result_type;
3816
3817    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
3818    {
3819        double __p_;
3820    public:
3821        typedef bernoulli_distribution distribution_type;
3822
3823        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3824        explicit param_type(double __p = 0.5) : __p_(__p) {}
3825
3826        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3827        double p() const {return __p_;}
3828
3829        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3830            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
3831            {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
3832        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3833            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
3834            {return !(__x == __y);}
3835    };
3836
3837private:
3838    param_type __p_;
3839
3840public:
3841    // constructors and reset functions
3842    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3843    explicit bernoulli_distribution(double __p = 0.5)
3844        : __p_(param_type(__p)) {}
3845    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3846    explicit bernoulli_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
3847    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3848    void reset() {}
3849
3850    // generating functions
3851    template<class _URNG>
3852        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3853        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
3854        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
3855    template<class _URNG> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
3856
3857    // property functions
3858    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3859    double p() const {return __p_.p();}
3860
3861    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3862    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
3863    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3864    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
3865
3866    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3867    result_type min() const {return false;}
3868    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3869    result_type max() const {return true;}
3870
3871    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3872        bool operator==(const bernoulli_distribution& __x,
3873                        const bernoulli_distribution& __y)
3874        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
3875    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3876        bool operator!=(const bernoulli_distribution& __x,
3877                        const bernoulli_distribution& __y)
3878        {return !(__x == __y);}
3879};
3880
3881template<class _URNG>
3882inline
3883bernoulli_distribution::result_type
3884bernoulli_distribution::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
3885{
3886    uniform_real_distribution<double> __gen;
3887    return __gen(__g) < __p.p();
3888}
3889
3890template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
3891basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3892operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const bernoulli_distribution& __x)
3893{
3894    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
3895    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
3896               ios_base::scientific);
3897    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
3898    __os.fill(__sp);
3899    return __os << __x.p();
3900}
3901
3902template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
3903basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
3904operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, bernoulli_distribution& __x)
3905{
3906    typedef bernoulli_distribution _Eng;
3907    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
3908    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
3909    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
3910    double __p;
3911    __is >> __p;
3912    if (!__is.fail())
3913        __x.param(param_type(__p));
3914    return __is;
3915}
3916
3917// binomial_distribution
3918
3919template<class _IntType = int>
3920class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY binomial_distribution
3921{
3922public:
3923    // types
3924    typedef _IntType result_type;
3925
3926    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
3927    {
3928        result_type __t_;
3929        double __p_;
3930        double __pr_;
3931        double __odds_ratio_;
3932        result_type __r0_;
3933    public:
3934        typedef binomial_distribution distribution_type;
3935
3936        explicit param_type(result_type __t = 1, double __p = 0.5);
3937
3938        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3939        result_type t() const {return __t_;}
3940        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3941        double p() const {return __p_;}
3942
3943        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3944            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
3945            {return __x.__t_ == __y.__t_ && __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
3946        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3947            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
3948            {return !(__x == __y);}
3949
3950        friend class binomial_distribution;
3951    };
3952
3953private:
3954    param_type __p_;
3955
3956public:
3957    // constructors and reset functions
3958    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3959    explicit binomial_distribution(result_type __t = 1, double __p = 0.5)
3960        : __p_(param_type(__t, __p)) {}
3961    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3962    explicit binomial_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
3963    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3964    void reset() {}
3965
3966    // generating functions
3967    template<class _URNG>
3968        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3969        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
3970        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
3971    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
3972
3973    // property functions
3974    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3975    result_type t() const {return __p_.t();}
3976    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3977    double p() const {return __p_.p();}
3978
3979    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3980    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
3981    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3982    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
3983
3984    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3985    result_type min() const {return 0;}
3986    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3987    result_type max() const {return t();}
3988
3989    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3990        bool operator==(const binomial_distribution& __x,
3991                        const binomial_distribution& __y)
3992        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
3993    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
3994        bool operator!=(const binomial_distribution& __x,
3995                        const binomial_distribution& __y)
3996        {return !(__x == __y);}
3997};
3998
3999template<class _IntType>
4000binomial_distribution<_IntType>::param_type::param_type(result_type __t, double __p)
4001    : __t_(__t), __p_(__p)
4002{
4003    if (0 < __p_ && __p_ < 1)
4004    {
4005        __r0_ = static_cast<result_type>((__t_ + 1) * __p_);
4006        __pr_ = _VSTD::exp(_VSTD::lgamma(__t_ + 1.) - _VSTD::lgamma(__r0_ + 1.) -
4007                          _VSTD::lgamma(__t_ - __r0_ + 1.) + __r0_ * _VSTD::log(__p_) +
4008                          (__t_ - __r0_) * _VSTD::log(1 - __p_));
4009        __odds_ratio_ = __p_ / (1 - __p_);
4010    }
4011}
4012
4013// Reference: Kemp, C.D. (1986). `A modal method for generating binomial
4014//           variables', Commun. Statist. - Theor. Meth. 15(3), 805-813.
4015template<class _IntType>
4016template<class _URNG>
4017_IntType
4018binomial_distribution<_IntType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __pr)
4019{
4020    if (__pr.__t_ == 0 || __pr.__p_ == 0)
4021        return 0;
4022    if (__pr.__p_ == 1)
4023        return __pr.__t_;
4024    uniform_real_distribution<double> __gen;
4025    double __u = __gen(__g) - __pr.__pr_;
4026    if (__u < 0)
4027        return __pr.__r0_;
4028    double __pu = __pr.__pr_;
4029    double __pd = __pu;
4030    result_type __ru = __pr.__r0_;
4031    result_type __rd = __ru;
4032    while (true)
4033    {
4034        if (__rd >= 1)
4035        {
4036            __pd *= __rd / (__pr.__odds_ratio_ * (__pr.__t_ - __rd + 1));
4037            __u -= __pd;
4038            if (__u < 0)
4039                return __rd - 1;
4040        }
4041        if ( __rd != 0 )
4042            --__rd;
4043        ++__ru;
4044        if (__ru <= __pr.__t_)
4045        {
4046            __pu *= (__pr.__t_ - __ru + 1) * __pr.__odds_ratio_ / __ru;
4047            __u -= __pu;
4048            if (__u < 0)
4049                return __ru;
4050        }
4051    }
4052}
4053
4054template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
4055basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4056operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4057           const binomial_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
4058{
4059    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
4060    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
4061               ios_base::scientific);
4062    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
4063    __os.fill(__sp);
4064    return __os << __x.t() << __sp << __x.p();
4065}
4066
4067template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
4068basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4069operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4070           binomial_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
4071{
4072    typedef binomial_distribution<_IntType> _Eng;
4073    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
4074    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
4075    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
4076    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
4077    result_type __t;
4078    double __p;
4079    __is >> __t >> __p;
4080    if (!__is.fail())
4081        __x.param(param_type(__t, __p));
4082    return __is;
4083}
4084
4085// exponential_distribution
4086
4087template<class _RealType = double>
4088class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY exponential_distribution
4089{
4090public:
4091    // types
4092    typedef _RealType result_type;
4093
4094    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4095    {
4096        result_type __lambda_;
4097    public:
4098        typedef exponential_distribution distribution_type;
4099
4100        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4101        explicit param_type(result_type __lambda = 1) : __lambda_(__lambda) {}
4102
4103        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4104        result_type lambda() const {return __lambda_;}
4105
4106        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4107            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4108            {return __x.__lambda_ == __y.__lambda_;}
4109        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4110            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4111            {return !(__x == __y);}
4112    };
4113
4114private:
4115    param_type __p_;
4116
4117public:
4118    // constructors and reset functions
4119    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4120    explicit exponential_distribution(result_type __lambda = 1)
4121        : __p_(param_type(__lambda)) {}
4122    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4123    explicit exponential_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
4124    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4125    void reset() {}
4126
4127    // generating functions
4128    template<class _URNG>
4129        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4130        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
4131        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
4132    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
4133
4134    // property functions
4135    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4136    result_type lambda() const {return __p_.lambda();}
4137
4138    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4139    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
4140    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4141    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
4142
4143    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4144    result_type min() const {return 0;}
4145    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4146    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4147
4148    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4149        bool operator==(const exponential_distribution& __x,
4150                        const exponential_distribution& __y)
4151        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
4152    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4153        bool operator!=(const exponential_distribution& __x,
4154                        const exponential_distribution& __y)
4155        {return !(__x == __y);}
4156};
4157
4158template <class _RealType>
4159template<class _URNG>
4160_RealType
4161exponential_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
4162{
4163    return -_VSTD::log
4164                  (
4165                      result_type(1) -
4166                      _VSTD::generate_canonical<result_type,
4167                                       numeric_limits<result_type>::digits>(__g)
4168                  )
4169                  / __p.lambda();
4170}
4171
4172template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RealType>
4173basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4174operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4175           const exponential_distribution<_RealType>& __x)
4176{
4177    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
4178    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
4179               ios_base::scientific);
4180    return __os << __x.lambda();
4181}
4182
4183template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RealType>
4184basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4185operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4186           exponential_distribution<_RealType>& __x)
4187{
4188    typedef exponential_distribution<_RealType> _Eng;
4189    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
4190    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
4191    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
4192    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
4193    result_type __lambda;
4194    __is >> __lambda;
4195    if (!__is.fail())
4196        __x.param(param_type(__lambda));
4197    return __is;
4198}
4199
4200// normal_distribution
4201
4202template<class _RealType = double>
4203class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY normal_distribution
4204{
4205public:
4206    // types
4207    typedef _RealType result_type;
4208
4209    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4210    {
4211        result_type __mean_;
4212        result_type __stddev_;
4213    public:
4214        typedef normal_distribution distribution_type;
4215
4216        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4217        explicit param_type(result_type __mean = 0, result_type __stddev = 1)
4218            : __mean_(__mean), __stddev_(__stddev) {}
4219
4220        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4221        result_type mean() const {return __mean_;}
4222        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4223        result_type stddev() const {return __stddev_;}
4224
4225        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4226            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4227            {return __x.__mean_ == __y.__mean_ && __x.__stddev_ == __y.__stddev_;}
4228        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4229            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4230            {return !(__x == __y);}
4231    };
4232
4233private:
4234    param_type __p_;
4235    result_type _V_;
4236    bool _V_hot_;
4237
4238public:
4239    // constructors and reset functions
4240    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4241    explicit normal_distribution(result_type __mean = 0, result_type __stddev = 1)
4242        : __p_(param_type(__mean, __stddev)), _V_hot_(false) {}
4243    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4244    explicit normal_distribution(const param_type& __p)
4245        : __p_(__p), _V_hot_(false) {}
4246    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4247    void reset() {_V_hot_ = false;}
4248
4249    // generating functions
4250    template<class _URNG>
4251        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4252        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
4253        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
4254    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
4255
4256    // property functions
4257    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4258    result_type mean() const {return __p_.mean();}
4259    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4260    result_type stddev() const {return __p_.stddev();}
4261
4262    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4263    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
4264    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4265    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
4266
4267    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4268    result_type min() const {return -numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4269    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4270    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4271
4272    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4273        bool operator==(const normal_distribution& __x,
4274                        const normal_distribution& __y)
4275        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_ && __x._V_hot_ == __y._V_hot_ &&
4276                (!__x._V_hot_ || __x._V_ == __y._V_);}
4277    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4278        bool operator!=(const normal_distribution& __x,
4279                        const normal_distribution& __y)
4280        {return !(__x == __y);}
4281
4282    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4283    friend
4284    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4285    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4286               const normal_distribution<_RT>& __x);
4287
4288    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4289    friend
4290    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4291    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4292               normal_distribution<_RT>& __x);
4293};
4294
4295template <class _RealType>
4296template<class _URNG>
4297_RealType
4298normal_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
4299{
4300    result_type _Up;
4301    if (_V_hot_)
4302    {
4303        _V_hot_ = false;
4304        _Up = _V_;
4305    }
4306    else
4307    {
4308        uniform_real_distribution<result_type> _Uni(-1, 1);
4309        result_type __u;
4310        result_type __v;
4311        result_type __s;
4312        do
4313        {
4314            __u = _Uni(__g);
4315            __v = _Uni(__g);
4316            __s = __u * __u + __v * __v;
4317        } while (__s > 1 || __s == 0);
4318        result_type _Fp = _VSTD::sqrt(-2 * _VSTD::log(__s) / __s);
4319        _V_ = __v * _Fp;
4320        _V_hot_ = true;
4321        _Up = __u * _Fp;
4322    }
4323    return _Up * __p.stddev() + __p.mean();
4324}
4325
4326template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4327basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4328operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4329           const normal_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4330{
4331    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
4332    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
4333               ios_base::scientific);
4334    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
4335    __os.fill(__sp);
4336    __os << __x.mean() << __sp << __x.stddev() << __sp << __x._V_hot_;
4337    if (__x._V_hot_)
4338        __os << __sp << __x._V_;
4339    return __os;
4340}
4341
4342template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4343basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4344operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4345           normal_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4346{
4347    typedef normal_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
4348    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
4349    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
4350    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
4351    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
4352    result_type __mean;
4353    result_type __stddev;
4354    result_type _Vp = 0;
4355    bool _V_hot = false;
4356    __is >> __mean >> __stddev >> _V_hot;
4357    if (_V_hot)
4358        __is >> _Vp;
4359    if (!__is.fail())
4360    {
4361        __x.param(param_type(__mean, __stddev));
4362        __x._V_hot_ = _V_hot;
4363        __x._V_ = _Vp;
4364    }
4365    return __is;
4366}
4367
4368// lognormal_distribution
4369
4370template<class _RealType = double>
4371class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY lognormal_distribution
4372{
4373public:
4374    // types
4375    typedef _RealType result_type;
4376
4377    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4378    {
4379        normal_distribution<result_type> __nd_;
4380    public:
4381        typedef lognormal_distribution distribution_type;
4382
4383        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4384        explicit param_type(result_type __m = 0, result_type __s = 1)
4385            : __nd_(__m, __s) {}
4386
4387        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4388        result_type m() const {return __nd_.mean();}
4389        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4390        result_type s() const {return __nd_.stddev();}
4391
4392        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4393            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4394            {return __x.__nd_ == __y.__nd_;}
4395        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4396            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4397            {return !(__x == __y);}
4398        friend class lognormal_distribution;
4399
4400        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4401        friend
4402        basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4403        operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4404                   const lognormal_distribution<_RT>& __x);
4405
4406        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4407        friend
4408        basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4409        operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4410                   lognormal_distribution<_RT>& __x);
4411    };
4412
4413private:
4414    param_type __p_;
4415
4416public:
4417    // constructor and reset functions
4418    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4419    explicit lognormal_distribution(result_type __m = 0, result_type __s = 1)
4420        : __p_(param_type(__m, __s)) {}
4421    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4422    explicit lognormal_distribution(const param_type& __p)
4423        : __p_(__p) {}
4424    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4425    void reset() {__p_.__nd_.reset();}
4426
4427    // generating functions
4428    template<class _URNG>
4429        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4430        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
4431        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
4432    template<class _URNG>
4433        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4434        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
4435        {return _VSTD::exp(const_cast<normal_distribution<result_type>&>(__p.__nd_)(__g));}
4436
4437    // property functions
4438    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4439    result_type m() const {return __p_.m();}
4440    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4441    result_type s() const {return __p_.s();}
4442
4443    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4444    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
4445    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4446    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
4447
4448    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4449    result_type min() const {return 0;}
4450    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4451    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4452
4453    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4454        bool operator==(const lognormal_distribution& __x,
4455                        const lognormal_distribution& __y)
4456        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
4457    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4458        bool operator!=(const lognormal_distribution& __x,
4459                        const lognormal_distribution& __y)
4460        {return !(__x == __y);}
4461
4462    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4463    friend
4464    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4465    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4466               const lognormal_distribution<_RT>& __x);
4467
4468    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4469    friend
4470    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4471    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4472               lognormal_distribution<_RT>& __x);
4473};
4474
4475template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4476inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4477basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4478operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4479           const lognormal_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4480{
4481    return __os << __x.__p_.__nd_;
4482}
4483
4484template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4485inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4486basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4487operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4488           lognormal_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4489{
4490    return __is >> __x.__p_.__nd_;
4491}
4492
4493// poisson_distribution
4494
4495template<class _IntType = int>
4496class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY poisson_distribution
4497{
4498public:
4499    // types
4500    typedef _IntType result_type;
4501
4502    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4503    {
4504        double __mean_;
4505        double __s_;
4506        double __d_;
4507        double __l_;
4508        double __omega_;
4509        double __c0_;
4510        double __c1_;
4511        double __c2_;
4512        double __c3_;
4513        double __c_;
4514
4515    public:
4516        typedef poisson_distribution distribution_type;
4517
4518        explicit param_type(double __mean = 1.0);
4519
4520        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4521        double mean() const {return __mean_;}
4522
4523        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4524            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4525            {return __x.__mean_ == __y.__mean_;}
4526        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4527            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4528            {return !(__x == __y);}
4529
4530        friend class poisson_distribution;
4531    };
4532
4533private:
4534    param_type __p_;
4535
4536public:
4537    // constructors and reset functions
4538    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4539    explicit poisson_distribution(double __mean = 1.0) : __p_(__mean) {}
4540    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4541    explicit poisson_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
4542    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4543    void reset() {}
4544
4545    // generating functions
4546    template<class _URNG>
4547        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4548        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
4549        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
4550    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
4551
4552    // property functions
4553    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4554    double mean() const {return __p_.mean();}
4555
4556    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4557    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
4558    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4559    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
4560
4561    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4562    result_type min() const {return 0;}
4563    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4564    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::max();}
4565
4566    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4567        bool operator==(const poisson_distribution& __x,
4568                        const poisson_distribution& __y)
4569        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
4570    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4571        bool operator!=(const poisson_distribution& __x,
4572                        const poisson_distribution& __y)
4573        {return !(__x == __y);}
4574};
4575
4576template<class _IntType>
4577poisson_distribution<_IntType>::param_type::param_type(double __mean)
4578    : __mean_(__mean)
4579{
4580    if (__mean_ < 10)
4581    {
4582        __s_ = 0;
4583        __d_ = 0;
4584        __l_ = _VSTD::exp(-__mean_);
4585        __omega_ = 0;
4586        __c3_ = 0;
4587        __c2_ = 0;
4588        __c1_ = 0;
4589        __c0_ = 0;
4590        __c_ = 0;
4591    }
4592    else
4593    {
4594        __s_ = _VSTD::sqrt(__mean_);
4595        __d_ = 6 * __mean_ * __mean_;
4596        __l_ = static_cast<result_type>(__mean_ - 1.1484);
4597        __omega_ = .3989423 / __s_;
4598        double __b1_ = .4166667E-1 / __mean_;
4599        double __b2_ = .3 * __b1_ * __b1_;
4600        __c3_ = .1428571 * __b1_ * __b2_;
4601        __c2_ = __b2_ - 15. * __c3_;
4602        __c1_ = __b1_ - 6. * __b2_ + 45. * __c3_;
4603        __c0_ = 1. - __b1_ + 3. * __b2_ - 15. * __c3_;
4604        __c_ = .1069 / __mean_;
4605    }
4606}
4607
4608template <class _IntType>
4609template<class _URNG>
4610_IntType
4611poisson_distribution<_IntType>::operator()(_URNG& __urng, const param_type& __pr)
4612{
4613    result_type __x;
4614    uniform_real_distribution<double> __urd;
4615    if (__pr.__mean_ < 10)
4616    {
4617         __x = 0;
4618        for (double __p = __urd(__urng); __p > __pr.__l_; ++__x)
4619            __p *= __urd(__urng);
4620    }
4621    else
4622    {
4623        double __difmuk;
4624        double __g = __pr.__mean_ + __pr.__s_ * normal_distribution<double>()(__urng);
4625        double __u;
4626        if (__g > 0)
4627        {
4628            __x = static_cast<result_type>(__g);
4629            if (__x >= __pr.__l_)
4630                return __x;
4631            __difmuk = __pr.__mean_ - __x;
4632            __u = __urd(__urng);
4633            if (__pr.__d_ * __u >= __difmuk * __difmuk * __difmuk)
4634                return __x;
4635        }
4636        exponential_distribution<double> __edist;
4637        for (bool __using_exp_dist = false; true; __using_exp_dist = true)
4638        {
4639            double __e;
4640            if (__using_exp_dist || __g < 0)
4641            {
4642                double __t;
4643                do
4644                {
4645                    __e = __edist(__urng);
4646                    __u = __urd(__urng);
4647                    __u += __u - 1;
4648                    __t = 1.8 + (__u < 0 ? -__e : __e);
4649                } while (__t <= -.6744);
4650                __x = __pr.__mean_ + __pr.__s_ * __t;
4651                __difmuk = __pr.__mean_ - __x;
4652                __using_exp_dist = true;
4653            }
4654            double __px;
4655            double __py;
4656            if (__x < 10)
4657            {
4658                const result_type __fac[] = {1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040,
4659                                             40320, 362880};
4660                __px = -__pr.__mean_;
4661                __py = _VSTD::pow(__pr.__mean_, (double)__x) / __fac[__x];
4662            }
4663            else
4664            {
4665                double __del = .8333333E-1 / __x;
4666                __del -= 4.8 * __del * __del * __del;
4667                double __v = __difmuk / __x;
4668                if (_VSTD::abs(__v) > 0.25)
4669                    __px = __x * _VSTD::log(1 + __v) - __difmuk - __del;
4670                else
4671                    __px = __x * __v * __v * (((((((.1250060 * __v + -.1384794) *
4672                           __v + .1421878) * __v + -.1661269) * __v + .2000118) *
4673                           __v + -.2500068) * __v + .3333333) * __v + -.5) - __del;
4674                __py = .3989423 / _VSTD::sqrt(__x);
4675            }
4676            double __r = (0.5 - __difmuk) / __pr.__s_;
4677            double __r2 = __r * __r;
4678            double __fx = -0.5 * __r2;
4679            double __fy = __pr.__omega_ * (((__pr.__c3_ * __r2 + __pr.__c2_) *
4680                                        __r2 + __pr.__c1_) * __r2 + __pr.__c0_);
4681            if (__using_exp_dist)
4682            {
4683                if (__pr.__c_ * _VSTD::abs(__u) <= __py * _VSTD::exp(__px + __e) -
4684                                                   __fy * _VSTD::exp(__fx + __e))
4685                    break;
4686            }
4687            else
4688            {
4689                if (__fy - __u * __fy <= __py * _VSTD::exp(__px - __fx))
4690                    break;
4691            }
4692        }
4693    }
4694    return __x;
4695}
4696
4697template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
4698basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4699operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4700           const poisson_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
4701{
4702    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
4703    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
4704               ios_base::scientific);
4705    return __os << __x.mean();
4706}
4707
4708template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
4709basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4710operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4711           poisson_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
4712{
4713    typedef poisson_distribution<_IntType> _Eng;
4714    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
4715    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
4716    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
4717    double __mean;
4718    __is >> __mean;
4719    if (!__is.fail())
4720        __x.param(param_type(__mean));
4721    return __is;
4722}
4723
4724// weibull_distribution
4725
4726template<class _RealType = double>
4727class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY weibull_distribution
4728{
4729public:
4730    // types
4731    typedef _RealType result_type;
4732
4733    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4734    {
4735        result_type __a_;
4736        result_type __b_;
4737    public:
4738        typedef weibull_distribution distribution_type;
4739
4740        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4741        explicit param_type(result_type __a = 1, result_type __b = 1)
4742            : __a_(__a), __b_(__b) {}
4743
4744        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4745        result_type a() const {return __a_;}
4746        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4747        result_type b() const {return __b_;}
4748
4749        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4750            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4751            {return __x.__a_ == __y.__a_ && __x.__b_ == __y.__b_;}
4752        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4753            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4754            {return !(__x == __y);}
4755    };
4756
4757private:
4758    param_type __p_;
4759
4760public:
4761    // constructor and reset functions
4762    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4763    explicit weibull_distribution(result_type __a = 1, result_type __b = 1)
4764        : __p_(param_type(__a, __b)) {}
4765    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4766    explicit weibull_distribution(const param_type& __p)
4767        : __p_(__p) {}
4768    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4769    void reset() {}
4770
4771    // generating functions
4772    template<class _URNG>
4773        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4774        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
4775        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
4776    template<class _URNG>
4777        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4778        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
4779        {return __p.b() *
4780            _VSTD::pow(exponential_distribution<result_type>()(__g), 1/__p.a());}
4781
4782    // property functions
4783    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4784    result_type a() const {return __p_.a();}
4785    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4786    result_type b() const {return __p_.b();}
4787
4788    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4789    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
4790    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4791    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
4792
4793    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4794    result_type min() const {return 0;}
4795    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4796    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4797
4798    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4799        bool operator==(const weibull_distribution& __x,
4800                        const weibull_distribution& __y)
4801        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
4802    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4803        bool operator!=(const weibull_distribution& __x,
4804                        const weibull_distribution& __y)
4805        {return !(__x == __y);}
4806};
4807
4808template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4809basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4810operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4811           const weibull_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4812{
4813    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
4814    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
4815               ios_base::scientific);
4816    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
4817    __os.fill(__sp);
4818    __os << __x.a() << __sp << __x.b();
4819    return __os;
4820}
4821
4822template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4823basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4824operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4825           weibull_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4826{
4827    typedef weibull_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
4828    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
4829    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
4830    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
4831    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
4832    result_type __a;
4833    result_type __b;
4834    __is >> __a >> __b;
4835    if (!__is.fail())
4836        __x.param(param_type(__a, __b));
4837    return __is;
4838}
4839
4840template<class _RealType = double>
4841class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY extreme_value_distribution
4842{
4843public:
4844    // types
4845    typedef _RealType result_type;
4846
4847    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4848    {
4849        result_type __a_;
4850        result_type __b_;
4851    public:
4852        typedef extreme_value_distribution distribution_type;
4853
4854        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4855        explicit param_type(result_type __a = 0, result_type __b = 1)
4856            : __a_(__a), __b_(__b) {}
4857
4858        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4859        result_type a() const {return __a_;}
4860        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4861        result_type b() const {return __b_;}
4862
4863        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4864            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4865            {return __x.__a_ == __y.__a_ && __x.__b_ == __y.__b_;}
4866        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4867            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4868            {return !(__x == __y);}
4869    };
4870
4871private:
4872    param_type __p_;
4873
4874public:
4875    // constructor and reset functions
4876    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4877    explicit extreme_value_distribution(result_type __a = 0, result_type __b = 1)
4878        : __p_(param_type(__a, __b)) {}
4879    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4880    explicit extreme_value_distribution(const param_type& __p)
4881        : __p_(__p) {}
4882    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4883    void reset() {}
4884
4885    // generating functions
4886    template<class _URNG>
4887        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4888        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
4889        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
4890    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
4891
4892    // property functions
4893    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4894    result_type a() const {return __p_.a();}
4895    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4896    result_type b() const {return __p_.b();}
4897
4898    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4899    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
4900    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4901    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
4902
4903    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4904    result_type min() const {return -numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4905    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4906    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
4907
4908    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4909        bool operator==(const extreme_value_distribution& __x,
4910                        const extreme_value_distribution& __y)
4911        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
4912    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4913        bool operator!=(const extreme_value_distribution& __x,
4914                        const extreme_value_distribution& __y)
4915        {return !(__x == __y);}
4916};
4917
4918template<class _RealType>
4919template<class _URNG>
4920_RealType
4921extreme_value_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
4922{
4923    return __p.a() - __p.b() *
4924         _VSTD::log(-_VSTD::log(1-uniform_real_distribution<result_type>()(__g)));
4925}
4926
4927template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4928basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4929operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
4930           const extreme_value_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4931{
4932    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
4933    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
4934               ios_base::scientific);
4935    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
4936    __os.fill(__sp);
4937    __os << __x.a() << __sp << __x.b();
4938    return __os;
4939}
4940
4941template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
4942basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
4943operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
4944           extreme_value_distribution<_RT>& __x)
4945{
4946    typedef extreme_value_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
4947    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
4948    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
4949    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
4950    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
4951    result_type __a;
4952    result_type __b;
4953    __is >> __a >> __b;
4954    if (!__is.fail())
4955        __x.param(param_type(__a, __b));
4956    return __is;
4957}
4958
4959// gamma_distribution
4960
4961template<class _RealType = double>
4962class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY gamma_distribution
4963{
4964public:
4965    // types
4966    typedef _RealType result_type;
4967
4968    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
4969    {
4970        result_type __alpha_;
4971        result_type __beta_;
4972    public:
4973        typedef gamma_distribution distribution_type;
4974
4975        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4976        explicit param_type(result_type __alpha = 1, result_type __beta = 1)
4977            : __alpha_(__alpha), __beta_(__beta) {}
4978
4979        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4980        result_type alpha() const {return __alpha_;}
4981        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4982        result_type beta() const {return __beta_;}
4983
4984        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4985            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4986            {return __x.__alpha_ == __y.__alpha_ && __x.__beta_ == __y.__beta_;}
4987        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4988            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
4989            {return !(__x == __y);}
4990    };
4991
4992private:
4993    param_type __p_;
4994
4995public:
4996    // constructors and reset functions
4997    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
4998    explicit gamma_distribution(result_type __alpha = 1, result_type __beta = 1)
4999        : __p_(param_type(__alpha, __beta)) {}
5000    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5001    explicit gamma_distribution(const param_type& __p)
5002        : __p_(__p) {}
5003    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5004    void reset() {}
5005
5006    // generating functions
5007    template<class _URNG>
5008        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5009        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5010        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5011    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
5012
5013    // property functions
5014    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5015    result_type alpha() const {return __p_.alpha();}
5016    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5017    result_type beta() const {return __p_.beta();}
5018
5019    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5020    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5021    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5022    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5023
5024    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5025    result_type min() const {return 0;}
5026    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5027    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5028
5029    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5030        bool operator==(const gamma_distribution& __x,
5031                        const gamma_distribution& __y)
5032        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5033    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5034        bool operator!=(const gamma_distribution& __x,
5035                        const gamma_distribution& __y)
5036        {return !(__x == __y);}
5037};
5038
5039template <class _RealType>
5040template<class _URNG>
5041_RealType
5042gamma_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
5043{
5044    result_type __a = __p.alpha();
5045    uniform_real_distribution<result_type> __gen(0, 1);
5046    exponential_distribution<result_type> __egen;
5047    result_type __x;
5048    if (__a == 1)
5049        __x = __egen(__g);
5050    else if (__a > 1)
5051    {
5052        const result_type __b = __a - 1;
5053        const result_type __c = 3 * __a - result_type(0.75);
5054        while (true)
5055        {
5056            const result_type __u = __gen(__g);
5057            const result_type __v = __gen(__g);
5058            const result_type __w = __u * (1 - __u);
5059            if (__w != 0)
5060            {
5061                const result_type __y = _VSTD::sqrt(__c / __w) *
5062                                        (__u - result_type(0.5));
5063                __x = __b + __y;
5064                if (__x >= 0)
5065                {
5066                    const result_type __z = 64 * __w * __w * __w * __v * __v;
5067                    if (__z <= 1 - 2 * __y * __y / __x)
5068                        break;
5069                    if (_VSTD::log(__z) <= 2 * (__b * _VSTD::log(__x / __b) - __y))
5070                        break;
5071                }
5072            }
5073        }
5074    }
5075    else  // __a < 1
5076    {
5077        while (true)
5078        {
5079            const result_type __u = __gen(__g);
5080            const result_type __es = __egen(__g);
5081            if (__u <= 1 - __a)
5082            {
5083                __x = _VSTD::pow(__u, 1 / __a);
5084                if (__x <= __es)
5085                    break;
5086            }
5087            else
5088            {
5089                const result_type __e = -_VSTD::log((1-__u)/__a);
5090                __x = _VSTD::pow(1 - __a + __a * __e, 1 / __a);
5091                if (__x <= __e + __es)
5092                    break;
5093            }
5094        }
5095    }
5096    return __x * __p.beta();
5097}
5098
5099template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5100basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5101operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5102           const gamma_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5103{
5104    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5105    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5106               ios_base::scientific);
5107    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
5108    __os.fill(__sp);
5109    __os << __x.alpha() << __sp << __x.beta();
5110    return __os;
5111}
5112
5113template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5114basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5115operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5116           gamma_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5117{
5118    typedef gamma_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
5119    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
5120    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5121    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5122    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5123    result_type __alpha;
5124    result_type __beta;
5125    __is >> __alpha >> __beta;
5126    if (!__is.fail())
5127        __x.param(param_type(__alpha, __beta));
5128    return __is;
5129}
5130
5131// negative_binomial_distribution
5132
5133template<class _IntType = int>
5134class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY negative_binomial_distribution
5135{
5136public:
5137    // types
5138    typedef _IntType result_type;
5139
5140    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5141    {
5142        result_type __k_;
5143        double __p_;
5144    public:
5145        typedef negative_binomial_distribution distribution_type;
5146
5147        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5148        explicit param_type(result_type __k = 1, double __p = 0.5)
5149            : __k_(__k), __p_(__p) {}
5150
5151        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5152        result_type k() const {return __k_;}
5153        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5154        double p() const {return __p_;}
5155
5156        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5157            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5158            {return __x.__k_ == __y.__k_ && __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5159        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5160            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5161            {return !(__x == __y);}
5162    };
5163
5164private:
5165    param_type __p_;
5166
5167public:
5168    // constructor and reset functions
5169    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5170    explicit negative_binomial_distribution(result_type __k = 1, double __p = 0.5)
5171        : __p_(__k, __p) {}
5172    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5173    explicit negative_binomial_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
5174    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5175    void reset() {}
5176
5177    // generating functions
5178    template<class _URNG>
5179        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5180        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5181        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5182    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
5183
5184    // property functions
5185    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5186    result_type k() const {return __p_.k();}
5187    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5188    double p() const {return __p_.p();}
5189
5190    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5191    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5192    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5193    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5194
5195    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5196    result_type min() const {return 0;}
5197    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5198    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::max();}
5199
5200    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5201        bool operator==(const negative_binomial_distribution& __x,
5202                        const negative_binomial_distribution& __y)
5203        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5204    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5205        bool operator!=(const negative_binomial_distribution& __x,
5206                        const negative_binomial_distribution& __y)
5207        {return !(__x == __y);}
5208};
5209
5210template <class _IntType>
5211template<class _URNG>
5212_IntType
5213negative_binomial_distribution<_IntType>::operator()(_URNG& __urng, const param_type& __pr)
5214{
5215    result_type __k = __pr.k();
5216    double __p = __pr.p();
5217    if (__k <= 21 * __p)
5218    {
5219        bernoulli_distribution __gen(__p);
5220        result_type __f = 0;
5221        result_type __s = 0;
5222        while (__s < __k)
5223        {
5224            if (__gen(__urng))
5225                ++__s;
5226            else
5227                ++__f;
5228        }
5229        return __f;
5230    }
5231    return poisson_distribution<result_type>(gamma_distribution<double>
5232                                            (__k, (1-__p)/__p)(__urng))(__urng);
5233}
5234
5235template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
5236basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5237operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5238           const negative_binomial_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
5239{
5240    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5241    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5242               ios_base::scientific);
5243    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
5244    __os.fill(__sp);
5245    return __os << __x.k() << __sp << __x.p();
5246}
5247
5248template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
5249basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5250operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5251           negative_binomial_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
5252{
5253    typedef negative_binomial_distribution<_IntType> _Eng;
5254    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
5255    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5256    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5257    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5258    result_type __k;
5259    double __p;
5260    __is >> __k >> __p;
5261    if (!__is.fail())
5262        __x.param(param_type(__k, __p));
5263    return __is;
5264}
5265
5266// geometric_distribution
5267
5268template<class _IntType = int>
5269class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY geometric_distribution
5270{
5271public:
5272    // types
5273    typedef _IntType result_type;
5274
5275    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5276    {
5277        double __p_;
5278    public:
5279        typedef geometric_distribution distribution_type;
5280
5281        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5282        explicit param_type(double __p = 0.5) : __p_(__p) {}
5283
5284        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5285        double p() const {return __p_;}
5286
5287        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5288            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5289            {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5290        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5291            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5292            {return !(__x == __y);}
5293    };
5294
5295private:
5296    param_type __p_;
5297
5298public:
5299    // constructors and reset functions
5300    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5301    explicit geometric_distribution(double __p = 0.5) : __p_(__p) {}
5302    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5303    explicit geometric_distribution(const param_type& __p) : __p_(__p) {}
5304    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5305    void reset() {}
5306
5307    // generating functions
5308    template<class _URNG>
5309        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5310        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5311        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5312    template<class _URNG>
5313        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5314        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
5315        {return negative_binomial_distribution<result_type>(1, __p.p())(__g);}
5316
5317    // property functions
5318    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5319    double p() const {return __p_.p();}
5320
5321    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5322    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5323    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5324    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5325
5326    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5327    result_type min() const {return 0;}
5328    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5329    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::max();}
5330
5331    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5332        bool operator==(const geometric_distribution& __x,
5333                        const geometric_distribution& __y)
5334        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5335    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5336        bool operator!=(const geometric_distribution& __x,
5337                        const geometric_distribution& __y)
5338        {return !(__x == __y);}
5339};
5340
5341template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
5342basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5343operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5344           const geometric_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
5345{
5346    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5347    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5348               ios_base::scientific);
5349    return __os << __x.p();
5350}
5351
5352template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IntType>
5353basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5354operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5355           geometric_distribution<_IntType>& __x)
5356{
5357    typedef geometric_distribution<_IntType> _Eng;
5358    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5359    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5360    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5361    double __p;
5362    __is >> __p;
5363    if (!__is.fail())
5364        __x.param(param_type(__p));
5365    return __is;
5366}
5367
5368// chi_squared_distribution
5369
5370template<class _RealType = double>
5371class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY chi_squared_distribution
5372{
5373public:
5374    // types
5375    typedef _RealType result_type;
5376
5377    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5378    {
5379        result_type __n_;
5380    public:
5381        typedef chi_squared_distribution distribution_type;
5382
5383        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5384        explicit param_type(result_type __n = 1) : __n_(__n) {}
5385
5386        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5387        result_type n() const {return __n_;}
5388
5389        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5390            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5391            {return __x.__n_ == __y.__n_;}
5392        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5393            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5394            {return !(__x == __y);}
5395    };
5396
5397private:
5398    param_type __p_;
5399
5400public:
5401    // constructor and reset functions
5402    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5403    explicit chi_squared_distribution(result_type __n = 1)
5404        : __p_(param_type(__n)) {}
5405    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5406    explicit chi_squared_distribution(const param_type& __p)
5407        : __p_(__p) {}
5408    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5409    void reset() {}
5410
5411    // generating functions
5412    template<class _URNG>
5413        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5414        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5415        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5416    template<class _URNG>
5417        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5418        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
5419        {return gamma_distribution<result_type>(__p.n() / 2, 2)(__g);}
5420
5421    // property functions
5422    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5423    result_type n() const {return __p_.n();}
5424
5425    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5426    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5427    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5428    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5429
5430    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5431    result_type min() const {return 0;}
5432    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5433    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5434
5435    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5436        bool operator==(const chi_squared_distribution& __x,
5437                        const chi_squared_distribution& __y)
5438        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5439    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5440        bool operator!=(const chi_squared_distribution& __x,
5441                        const chi_squared_distribution& __y)
5442        {return !(__x == __y);}
5443};
5444
5445template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5446basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5447operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5448           const chi_squared_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5449{
5450    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5451    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5452               ios_base::scientific);
5453    __os << __x.n();
5454    return __os;
5455}
5456
5457template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5458basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5459operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5460           chi_squared_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5461{
5462    typedef chi_squared_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
5463    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
5464    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5465    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5466    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5467    result_type __n;
5468    __is >> __n;
5469    if (!__is.fail())
5470        __x.param(param_type(__n));
5471    return __is;
5472}
5473
5474// cauchy_distribution
5475
5476template<class _RealType = double>
5477class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY cauchy_distribution
5478{
5479public:
5480    // types
5481    typedef _RealType result_type;
5482
5483    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5484    {
5485        result_type __a_;
5486        result_type __b_;
5487    public:
5488        typedef cauchy_distribution distribution_type;
5489
5490        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5491        explicit param_type(result_type __a = 0, result_type __b = 1)
5492            : __a_(__a), __b_(__b) {}
5493
5494        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5495        result_type a() const {return __a_;}
5496        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5497        result_type b() const {return __b_;}
5498
5499        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5500            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5501            {return __x.__a_ == __y.__a_ && __x.__b_ == __y.__b_;}
5502        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5503            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5504            {return !(__x == __y);}
5505    };
5506
5507private:
5508    param_type __p_;
5509
5510public:
5511    // constructor and reset functions
5512    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5513    explicit cauchy_distribution(result_type __a = 0, result_type __b = 1)
5514        : __p_(param_type(__a, __b)) {}
5515    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5516    explicit cauchy_distribution(const param_type& __p)
5517        : __p_(__p) {}
5518    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5519    void reset() {}
5520
5521    // generating functions
5522    template<class _URNG>
5523        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5524        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5525        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5526    template<class _URNG> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
5527
5528    // property functions
5529    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5530    result_type a() const {return __p_.a();}
5531    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5532    result_type b() const {return __p_.b();}
5533
5534    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5535    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5536    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5537    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5538
5539    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5540    result_type min() const {return -numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5541    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5542    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5543
5544    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5545        bool operator==(const cauchy_distribution& __x,
5546                        const cauchy_distribution& __y)
5547        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5548    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5549        bool operator!=(const cauchy_distribution& __x,
5550                        const cauchy_distribution& __y)
5551        {return !(__x == __y);}
5552};
5553
5554template <class _RealType>
5555template<class _URNG>
5556inline
5557_RealType
5558cauchy_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
5559{
5560    uniform_real_distribution<result_type> __gen;
5561    // purposefully let tan arg get as close to pi/2 as it wants, tan will return a finite
5562    return __p.a() + __p.b() * _VSTD::tan(3.1415926535897932384626433832795 * __gen(__g));
5563}
5564
5565template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5566basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5567operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5568           const cauchy_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5569{
5570    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5571    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5572               ios_base::scientific);
5573    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
5574    __os.fill(__sp);
5575    __os << __x.a() << __sp << __x.b();
5576    return __os;
5577}
5578
5579template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5580basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5581operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5582           cauchy_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5583{
5584    typedef cauchy_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
5585    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
5586    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5587    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5588    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5589    result_type __a;
5590    result_type __b;
5591    __is >> __a >> __b;
5592    if (!__is.fail())
5593        __x.param(param_type(__a, __b));
5594    return __is;
5595}
5596
5597// fisher_f_distribution
5598
5599template<class _RealType = double>
5600class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY fisher_f_distribution
5601{
5602public:
5603    // types
5604    typedef _RealType result_type;
5605
5606    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5607    {
5608        result_type __m_;
5609        result_type __n_;
5610    public:
5611        typedef fisher_f_distribution distribution_type;
5612
5613        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5614        explicit param_type(result_type __m = 1, result_type __n = 1)
5615            : __m_(__m), __n_(__n) {}
5616
5617        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5618        result_type m() const {return __m_;}
5619        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5620        result_type n() const {return __n_;}
5621
5622        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5623            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5624            {return __x.__m_ == __y.__m_ && __x.__n_ == __y.__n_;}
5625        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5626            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5627            {return !(__x == __y);}
5628    };
5629
5630private:
5631    param_type __p_;
5632
5633public:
5634    // constructor and reset functions
5635    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5636    explicit fisher_f_distribution(result_type __m = 1, result_type __n = 1)
5637        : __p_(param_type(__m, __n)) {}
5638    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5639    explicit fisher_f_distribution(const param_type& __p)
5640        : __p_(__p) {}
5641    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5642    void reset() {}
5643
5644    // generating functions
5645    template<class _URNG>
5646        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5647        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5648        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5649    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
5650
5651    // property functions
5652    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5653    result_type m() const {return __p_.m();}
5654    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5655    result_type n() const {return __p_.n();}
5656
5657    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5658    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5659    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5660    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5661
5662    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5663    result_type min() const {return 0;}
5664    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5665    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5666
5667    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5668        bool operator==(const fisher_f_distribution& __x,
5669                        const fisher_f_distribution& __y)
5670        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5671    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5672        bool operator!=(const fisher_f_distribution& __x,
5673                        const fisher_f_distribution& __y)
5674        {return !(__x == __y);}
5675};
5676
5677template <class _RealType>
5678template<class _URNG>
5679_RealType
5680fisher_f_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
5681{
5682    gamma_distribution<result_type> __gdm(__p.m() * result_type(.5));
5683    gamma_distribution<result_type> __gdn(__p.n() * result_type(.5));
5684    return __p.n() * __gdm(__g) / (__p.m() * __gdn(__g));
5685}
5686
5687template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5688basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5689operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5690           const fisher_f_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5691{
5692    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5693    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5694               ios_base::scientific);
5695    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
5696    __os.fill(__sp);
5697    __os << __x.m() << __sp << __x.n();
5698    return __os;
5699}
5700
5701template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5702basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5703operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5704           fisher_f_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5705{
5706    typedef fisher_f_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
5707    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
5708    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5709    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5710    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5711    result_type __m;
5712    result_type __n;
5713    __is >> __m >> __n;
5714    if (!__is.fail())
5715        __x.param(param_type(__m, __n));
5716    return __is;
5717}
5718
5719// student_t_distribution
5720
5721template<class _RealType = double>
5722class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY student_t_distribution
5723{
5724public:
5725    // types
5726    typedef _RealType result_type;
5727
5728    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5729    {
5730        result_type __n_;
5731    public:
5732        typedef student_t_distribution distribution_type;
5733
5734        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5735        explicit param_type(result_type __n = 1) : __n_(__n) {}
5736
5737        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5738        result_type n() const {return __n_;}
5739
5740        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5741            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5742            {return __x.__n_ == __y.__n_;}
5743        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5744            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5745            {return !(__x == __y);}
5746    };
5747
5748private:
5749    param_type __p_;
5750    normal_distribution<result_type> __nd_;
5751
5752public:
5753    // constructor and reset functions
5754    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5755    explicit student_t_distribution(result_type __n = 1)
5756        : __p_(param_type(__n)) {}
5757    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5758    explicit student_t_distribution(const param_type& __p)
5759        : __p_(__p) {}
5760    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5761    void reset() {__nd_.reset();}
5762
5763    // generating functions
5764    template<class _URNG>
5765        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5766        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5767        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5768    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
5769
5770    // property functions
5771    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5772    result_type n() const {return __p_.n();}
5773
5774    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5775    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5776    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5777    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5778
5779    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5780    result_type min() const {return -numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5781    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5782    result_type max() const {return numeric_limits<result_type>::infinity();}
5783
5784    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5785        bool operator==(const student_t_distribution& __x,
5786                        const student_t_distribution& __y)
5787        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5788    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5789        bool operator!=(const student_t_distribution& __x,
5790                        const student_t_distribution& __y)
5791        {return !(__x == __y);}
5792};
5793
5794template <class _RealType>
5795template<class _URNG>
5796_RealType
5797student_t_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
5798{
5799    gamma_distribution<result_type> __gd(__p.n() * .5, 2);
5800    return __nd_(__g) * _VSTD::sqrt(__p.n()/__gd(__g));
5801}
5802
5803template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5804basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5805operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5806           const student_t_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5807{
5808    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
5809    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
5810               ios_base::scientific);
5811    __os << __x.n();
5812    return __os;
5813}
5814
5815template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
5816basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5817operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5818           student_t_distribution<_RT>& __x)
5819{
5820    typedef student_t_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
5821    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
5822    typedef typename _Eng::param_type param_type;
5823    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
5824    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
5825    result_type __n;
5826    __is >> __n;
5827    if (!__is.fail())
5828        __x.param(param_type(__n));
5829    return __is;
5830}
5831
5832// discrete_distribution
5833
5834template<class _IntType = int>
5835class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY discrete_distribution
5836{
5837public:
5838    // types
5839    typedef _IntType result_type;
5840
5841    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
5842    {
5843        vector<double> __p_;
5844    public:
5845        typedef discrete_distribution distribution_type;
5846
5847        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5848        param_type() {}
5849        template<class _InputIterator>
5850            _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5851            param_type(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l)
5852            : __p_(__f, __l) {__init();}
5853#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
5854        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5855        param_type(initializer_list<double> __wl)
5856            : __p_(__wl.begin(), __wl.end()) {__init();}
5857#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
5858        template<class _UnaryOperation>
5859            param_type(size_t __nw, double __xmin, double __xmax,
5860                       _UnaryOperation __fw);
5861
5862        vector<double> probabilities() const;
5863
5864        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5865            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5866            {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5867        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5868            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
5869            {return !(__x == __y);}
5870
5871    private:
5872        void __init();
5873
5874        friend class discrete_distribution;
5875
5876        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
5877        friend
5878        basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5879        operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5880                   const discrete_distribution<_IT>& __x);
5881
5882        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
5883        friend
5884        basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5885        operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5886                   discrete_distribution<_IT>& __x);
5887    };
5888
5889private:
5890    param_type __p_;
5891
5892public:
5893    // constructor and reset functions
5894    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5895    discrete_distribution() {}
5896    template<class _InputIterator>
5897        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5898        discrete_distribution(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l)
5899            : __p_(__f, __l) {}
5900#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
5901    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5902    discrete_distribution(initializer_list<double> __wl)
5903        : __p_(__wl) {}
5904#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
5905    template<class _UnaryOperation>
5906        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5907        discrete_distribution(size_t __nw, double __xmin, double __xmax,
5908                              _UnaryOperation __fw)
5909        : __p_(__nw, __xmin, __xmax, __fw) {}
5910    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5911    explicit discrete_distribution(const param_type& __p)
5912        : __p_(__p) {}
5913    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5914    void reset() {}
5915
5916    // generating functions
5917    template<class _URNG>
5918        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5919        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
5920        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
5921    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
5922
5923    // property functions
5924    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5925    vector<double> probabilities() const {return __p_.probabilities();}
5926
5927    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5928    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
5929    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5930    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
5931
5932    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5933    result_type min() const {return 0;}
5934    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5935    result_type max() const {return __p_.__p_.size();}
5936
5937    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5938        bool operator==(const discrete_distribution& __x,
5939                        const discrete_distribution& __y)
5940        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
5941    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
5942        bool operator!=(const discrete_distribution& __x,
5943                        const discrete_distribution& __y)
5944        {return !(__x == __y);}
5945
5946    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
5947    friend
5948    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5949    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
5950               const discrete_distribution<_IT>& __x);
5951
5952    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
5953    friend
5954    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
5955    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
5956               discrete_distribution<_IT>& __x);
5957};
5958
5959template<class _IntType>
5960template<class _UnaryOperation>
5961discrete_distribution<_IntType>::param_type::param_type(size_t __nw,
5962                                                        double __xmin,
5963                                                        double __xmax,
5964                                                        _UnaryOperation __fw)
5965{
5966    if (__nw > 1)
5967    {
5968        __p_.reserve(__nw - 1);
5969        double __d = (__xmax - __xmin) / __nw;
5970        double __d2 = __d / 2;
5971        for (size_t __k = 0; __k < __nw; ++__k)
5972            __p_.push_back(__fw(__xmin + __k * __d + __d2));
5973        __init();
5974    }
5975}
5976
5977template<class _IntType>
5978void
5979discrete_distribution<_IntType>::param_type::__init()
5980{
5981    if (!__p_.empty())
5982    {
5983        if (__p_.size() > 1)
5984        {
5985            double __s = _VSTD::accumulate(__p_.begin(), __p_.end(), 0.0);
5986            for (_VSTD::vector<double>::iterator __i = __p_.begin(), __e = __p_.end();
5987                                                                       __i < __e; ++__i)
5988                *__i /= __s;
5989            vector<double> __t(__p_.size() - 1);
5990            _VSTD::partial_sum(__p_.begin(), __p_.end() - 1, __t.begin());
5991            swap(__p_, __t);
5992        }
5993        else
5994        {
5995            __p_.clear();
5996            __p_.shrink_to_fit();
5997        }
5998    }
5999}
6000
6001template<class _IntType>
6002vector<double>
6003discrete_distribution<_IntType>::param_type::probabilities() const
6004{
6005    size_t __n = __p_.size();
6006    _VSTD::vector<double> __p(__n+1);
6007    _VSTD::adjacent_difference(__p_.begin(), __p_.end(), __p.begin());
6008    if (__n > 0)
6009        __p[__n] = 1 - __p_[__n-1];
6010    else
6011        __p[0] = 1;
6012    return __p;
6013}
6014
6015template<class _IntType>
6016template<class _URNG>
6017_IntType
6018discrete_distribution<_IntType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
6019{
6020    uniform_real_distribution<double> __gen;
6021    return static_cast<_IntType>(
6022           _VSTD::upper_bound(__p.__p_.begin(), __p.__p_.end(), __gen(__g)) -
6023                                                              __p.__p_.begin());
6024}
6025
6026template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
6027basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6028operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6029           const discrete_distribution<_IT>& __x)
6030{
6031    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
6032    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
6033               ios_base::scientific);
6034    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
6035    __os.fill(__sp);
6036    size_t __n = __x.__p_.__p_.size();
6037    __os << __n;
6038    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6039        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__p_[__i];
6040    return __os;
6041}
6042
6043template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _IT>
6044basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6045operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6046           discrete_distribution<_IT>& __x)
6047{
6048    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
6049    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
6050    size_t __n;
6051    __is >> __n;
6052    vector<double> __p(__n);
6053    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6054        __is >> __p[__i];
6055    if (!__is.fail())
6056        swap(__x.__p_.__p_, __p);
6057    return __is;
6058}
6059
6060// piecewise_constant_distribution
6061
6062template<class _RealType = double>
6063class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY piecewise_constant_distribution
6064{
6065public:
6066    // types
6067    typedef _RealType result_type;
6068
6069    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
6070    {
6071        vector<result_type> __b_;
6072        vector<result_type> __densities_;
6073        vector<result_type> __areas_;
6074    public:
6075        typedef piecewise_constant_distribution distribution_type;
6076
6077        param_type();
6078        template<class _InputIteratorB, class _InputIteratorW>
6079            param_type(_InputIteratorB __fB, _InputIteratorB __lB,
6080                       _InputIteratorW __fW);
6081#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6082        template<class _UnaryOperation>
6083            param_type(initializer_list<result_type> __bl, _UnaryOperation __fw);
6084#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6085        template<class _UnaryOperation>
6086            param_type(size_t __nw, result_type __xmin, result_type __xmax,
6087                       _UnaryOperation __fw);
6088        param_type & operator=(const param_type& __rhs);
6089
6090        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6091        vector<result_type> intervals() const {return __b_;}
6092        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6093        vector<result_type> densities() const {return __densities_;}
6094
6095        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6096            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
6097            {return __x.__densities_ == __y.__densities_ && __x.__b_ == __y.__b_;}
6098        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6099            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
6100            {return !(__x == __y);}
6101
6102    private:
6103        void __init();
6104
6105        friend class piecewise_constant_distribution;
6106
6107        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6108        friend
6109        basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6110        operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6111                   const piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6112
6113        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6114        friend
6115        basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6116        operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6117                   piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6118    };
6119
6120private:
6121    param_type __p_;
6122
6123public:
6124    // constructor and reset functions
6125    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6126    piecewise_constant_distribution() {}
6127    template<class _InputIteratorB, class _InputIteratorW>
6128        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6129        piecewise_constant_distribution(_InputIteratorB __fB,
6130                                        _InputIteratorB __lB,
6131                                        _InputIteratorW __fW)
6132        : __p_(__fB, __lB, __fW) {}
6133
6134#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6135    template<class _UnaryOperation>
6136        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6137        piecewise_constant_distribution(initializer_list<result_type> __bl,
6138                                        _UnaryOperation __fw)
6139        : __p_(__bl, __fw) {}
6140#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6141
6142    template<class _UnaryOperation>
6143        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6144        piecewise_constant_distribution(size_t __nw, result_type __xmin,
6145                                        result_type __xmax, _UnaryOperation __fw)
6146        : __p_(__nw, __xmin, __xmax, __fw) {}
6147
6148    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6149    explicit piecewise_constant_distribution(const param_type& __p)
6150        : __p_(__p) {}
6151
6152    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6153    void reset() {}
6154
6155    // generating functions
6156    template<class _URNG>
6157        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6158        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
6159        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
6160    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
6161
6162    // property functions
6163    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6164    vector<result_type> intervals() const {return __p_.intervals();}
6165    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6166    vector<result_type> densities() const {return __p_.densities();}
6167
6168    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6169    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
6170    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6171    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
6172
6173    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6174    result_type min() const {return __p_.__b_.front();}
6175    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6176    result_type max() const {return __p_.__b_.back();}
6177
6178    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6179        bool operator==(const piecewise_constant_distribution& __x,
6180                        const piecewise_constant_distribution& __y)
6181        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
6182    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6183        bool operator!=(const piecewise_constant_distribution& __x,
6184                           const piecewise_constant_distribution& __y)
6185        {return !(__x == __y);}
6186
6187    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6188    friend
6189    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6190    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6191               const piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6192
6193    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6194    friend
6195    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6196    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6197               piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6198};
6199
6200template<class _RealType>
6201typename piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type &
6202piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::operator=
6203                                                       (const param_type& __rhs)
6204{
6205//  These can throw
6206    __b_.reserve        (__rhs.__b_.size ());
6207    __densities_.reserve(__rhs.__densities_.size());
6208    __areas_.reserve    (__rhs.__areas_.size());
6209
6210//  These can not throw
6211    __b_         = __rhs.__b_;
6212    __densities_ = __rhs.__densities_;
6213    __areas_     =  __rhs.__areas_;
6214    return *this;
6215}
6216
6217template<class _RealType>
6218void
6219piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::__init()
6220{
6221    // __densities_ contains non-normalized areas
6222    result_type __total_area = _VSTD::accumulate(__densities_.begin(),
6223                                                __densities_.end(),
6224                                                result_type());
6225    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __densities_.size(); ++__i)
6226        __densities_[__i] /= __total_area;
6227    // __densities_ contains normalized areas
6228    __areas_.assign(__densities_.size(), result_type());
6229    _VSTD::partial_sum(__densities_.begin(), __densities_.end() - 1,
6230                                                          __areas_.begin() + 1);
6231    // __areas_ contains partial sums of normalized areas: [0, __densities_ - 1]
6232    __densities_.back() = 1 - __areas_.back();  // correct round off error
6233    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __densities_.size(); ++__i)
6234        __densities_[__i] /= (__b_[__i+1] - __b_[__i]);
6235    // __densities_ now contains __densities_
6236}
6237
6238template<class _RealType>
6239piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type()
6240    : __b_(2),
6241      __densities_(1, 1.0),
6242      __areas_(1, 0.0)
6243{
6244    __b_[1] = 1;
6245}
6246
6247template<class _RealType>
6248template<class _InputIteratorB, class _InputIteratorW>
6249piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type(
6250        _InputIteratorB __fB, _InputIteratorB __lB, _InputIteratorW __fW)
6251    : __b_(__fB, __lB)
6252{
6253    if (__b_.size() < 2)
6254    {
6255        __b_.resize(2);
6256        __b_[0] = 0;
6257        __b_[1] = 1;
6258        __densities_.assign(1, 1.0);
6259        __areas_.assign(1, 0.0);
6260    }
6261    else
6262    {
6263        __densities_.reserve(__b_.size() - 1);
6264        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __b_.size() - 1; ++__i, ++__fW)
6265            __densities_.push_back(*__fW);
6266        __init();
6267    }
6268}
6269
6270#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6271
6272template<class _RealType>
6273template<class _UnaryOperation>
6274piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type(
6275        initializer_list<result_type> __bl, _UnaryOperation __fw)
6276    : __b_(__bl.begin(), __bl.end())
6277{
6278    if (__b_.size() < 2)
6279    {
6280        __b_.resize(2);
6281        __b_[0] = 0;
6282        __b_[1] = 1;
6283        __densities_.assign(1, 1.0);
6284        __areas_.assign(1, 0.0);
6285    }
6286    else
6287    {
6288        __densities_.reserve(__b_.size() - 1);
6289        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __b_.size() - 1; ++__i)
6290            __densities_.push_back(__fw((__b_[__i+1] + __b_[__i])*.5));
6291        __init();
6292    }
6293}
6294
6295#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6296
6297template<class _RealType>
6298template<class _UnaryOperation>
6299piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type(
6300        size_t __nw, result_type __xmin, result_type __xmax, _UnaryOperation __fw)
6301    : __b_(__nw == 0 ? 2 : __nw + 1)
6302{
6303    size_t __n = __b_.size() - 1;
6304    result_type __d = (__xmax - __xmin) / __n;
6305    __densities_.reserve(__n);
6306    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6307    {
6308        __b_[__i] = __xmin + __i * __d;
6309        __densities_.push_back(__fw(__b_[__i] + __d*.5));
6310    }
6311    __b_[__n] = __xmax;
6312    __init();
6313}
6314
6315template<class _RealType>
6316template<class _URNG>
6317_RealType
6318piecewise_constant_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
6319{
6320    typedef uniform_real_distribution<result_type> _Gen;
6321    result_type __u = _Gen()(__g);
6322    ptrdiff_t __k = _VSTD::upper_bound(__p.__areas_.begin(), __p.__areas_.end(),
6323                                      __u) - __p.__areas_.begin() - 1;
6324    return (__u - __p.__areas_[__k]) / __p.__densities_[__k] + __p.__b_[__k];
6325}
6326
6327template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6328basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6329operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6330           const piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT>& __x)
6331{
6332    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
6333    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
6334               ios_base::scientific);
6335    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
6336    __os.fill(__sp);
6337    size_t __n = __x.__p_.__b_.size();
6338    __os << __n;
6339    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6340        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__b_[__i];
6341    __n = __x.__p_.__densities_.size();
6342    __os << __sp << __n;
6343    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6344        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__densities_[__i];
6345    __n = __x.__p_.__areas_.size();
6346    __os << __sp << __n;
6347    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6348        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__areas_[__i];
6349    return __os;
6350}
6351
6352template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6353basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6354operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6355           piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT>& __x)
6356{
6357    typedef piecewise_constant_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
6358    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
6359    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
6360    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
6361    size_t __n;
6362    __is >> __n;
6363    vector<result_type> __b(__n);
6364    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6365        __is >> __b[__i];
6366    __is >> __n;
6367    vector<result_type> __densities(__n);
6368    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6369        __is >> __densities[__i];
6370    __is >> __n;
6371    vector<result_type> __areas(__n);
6372    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6373        __is >> __areas[__i];
6374    if (!__is.fail())
6375    {
6376        swap(__x.__p_.__b_, __b);
6377        swap(__x.__p_.__densities_, __densities);
6378        swap(__x.__p_.__areas_, __areas);
6379    }
6380    return __is;
6381}
6382
6383// piecewise_linear_distribution
6384
6385template<class _RealType = double>
6386class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY piecewise_linear_distribution
6387{
6388public:
6389    // types
6390    typedef _RealType result_type;
6391
6392    class _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS_ONLY param_type
6393    {
6394        vector<result_type> __b_;
6395        vector<result_type> __densities_;
6396        vector<result_type> __areas_;
6397    public:
6398        typedef piecewise_linear_distribution distribution_type;
6399
6400        param_type();
6401        template<class _InputIteratorB, class _InputIteratorW>
6402            param_type(_InputIteratorB __fB, _InputIteratorB __lB,
6403                       _InputIteratorW __fW);
6404#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6405        template<class _UnaryOperation>
6406            param_type(initializer_list<result_type> __bl, _UnaryOperation __fw);
6407#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6408        template<class _UnaryOperation>
6409            param_type(size_t __nw, result_type __xmin, result_type __xmax,
6410                       _UnaryOperation __fw);
6411        param_type & operator=(const param_type& __rhs);
6412        
6413        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6414        vector<result_type> intervals() const {return __b_;}
6415        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6416        vector<result_type> densities() const {return __densities_;}
6417
6418        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6419            bool operator==(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
6420            {return __x.__densities_ == __y.__densities_ && __x.__b_ == __y.__b_;}
6421        friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6422            bool operator!=(const param_type& __x, const param_type& __y)
6423            {return !(__x == __y);}
6424
6425    private:
6426        void __init();
6427
6428        friend class piecewise_linear_distribution;
6429
6430        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6431        friend
6432        basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6433        operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6434                   const piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6435
6436        template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6437        friend
6438        basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6439        operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6440                   piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6441    };
6442
6443private:
6444    param_type __p_;
6445
6446public:
6447    // constructor and reset functions
6448    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6449    piecewise_linear_distribution() {}
6450    template<class _InputIteratorB, class _InputIteratorW>
6451        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6452        piecewise_linear_distribution(_InputIteratorB __fB,
6453                                      _InputIteratorB __lB,
6454                                      _InputIteratorW __fW)
6455        : __p_(__fB, __lB, __fW) {}
6456
6457#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6458    template<class _UnaryOperation>
6459        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6460        piecewise_linear_distribution(initializer_list<result_type> __bl,
6461                                      _UnaryOperation __fw)
6462        : __p_(__bl, __fw) {}
6463#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6464
6465    template<class _UnaryOperation>
6466        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6467        piecewise_linear_distribution(size_t __nw, result_type __xmin,
6468                                      result_type __xmax, _UnaryOperation __fw)
6469        : __p_(__nw, __xmin, __xmax, __fw) {}
6470
6471    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6472    explicit piecewise_linear_distribution(const param_type& __p)
6473        : __p_(__p) {}
6474
6475    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6476    void reset() {}
6477
6478    // generating functions
6479    template<class _URNG>
6480        _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6481        result_type operator()(_URNG& __g)
6482        {return (*this)(__g, __p_);}
6483    template<class _URNG> result_type operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p);
6484
6485    // property functions
6486    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6487    vector<result_type> intervals() const {return __p_.intervals();}
6488    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6489    vector<result_type> densities() const {return __p_.densities();}
6490
6491    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6492    param_type param() const {return __p_;}
6493    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6494    void param(const param_type& __p) {__p_ = __p;}
6495
6496    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6497    result_type min() const {return __p_.__b_.front();}
6498    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6499    result_type max() const {return __p_.__b_.back();}
6500
6501    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6502        bool operator==(const piecewise_linear_distribution& __x,
6503                        const piecewise_linear_distribution& __y)
6504        {return __x.__p_ == __y.__p_;}
6505    friend _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
6506        bool operator!=(const piecewise_linear_distribution& __x,
6507                        const piecewise_linear_distribution& __y)
6508        {return !(__x == __y);}
6509
6510    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6511    friend
6512    basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6513    operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6514               const piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6515
6516    template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6517    friend
6518    basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6519    operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6520               piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT>& __x);
6521};
6522
6523template<class _RealType>
6524typename piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type &
6525piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::operator=
6526                                                       (const param_type& __rhs)
6527{
6528//  These can throw
6529    __b_.reserve        (__rhs.__b_.size ());
6530    __densities_.reserve(__rhs.__densities_.size());
6531    __areas_.reserve    (__rhs.__areas_.size());
6532
6533//  These can not throw
6534    __b_         = __rhs.__b_;
6535    __densities_ = __rhs.__densities_;
6536    __areas_     =  __rhs.__areas_;
6537    return *this;
6538}
6539
6540
6541template<class _RealType>
6542void
6543piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::__init()
6544{
6545    __areas_.assign(__densities_.size() - 1, result_type());
6546    result_type _Sp = 0;
6547    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __areas_.size(); ++__i)
6548    {
6549        __areas_[__i] = (__densities_[__i+1] + __densities_[__i]) *
6550                        (__b_[__i+1] - __b_[__i]) * .5;
6551        _Sp += __areas_[__i];
6552    }
6553    for (size_t __i = __areas_.size(); __i > 1;)
6554    {
6555        --__i;
6556        __areas_[__i] = __areas_[__i-1] / _Sp;
6557    }
6558    __areas_[0] = 0;
6559    for (size_t __i = 1; __i < __areas_.size(); ++__i)
6560        __areas_[__i] += __areas_[__i-1];
6561    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __densities_.size(); ++__i)
6562        __densities_[__i] /= _Sp;
6563}
6564
6565template<class _RealType>
6566piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type()
6567    : __b_(2),
6568      __densities_(2, 1.0),
6569      __areas_(1, 0.0)
6570{
6571    __b_[1] = 1;
6572}
6573
6574template<class _RealType>
6575template<class _InputIteratorB, class _InputIteratorW>
6576piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type(
6577        _InputIteratorB __fB, _InputIteratorB __lB, _InputIteratorW __fW)
6578    : __b_(__fB, __lB)
6579{
6580    if (__b_.size() < 2)
6581    {
6582        __b_.resize(2);
6583        __b_[0] = 0;
6584        __b_[1] = 1;
6585        __densities_.assign(2, 1.0);
6586        __areas_.assign(1, 0.0);
6587    }
6588    else
6589    {
6590        __densities_.reserve(__b_.size());
6591        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __b_.size(); ++__i, ++__fW)
6592            __densities_.push_back(*__fW);
6593        __init();
6594    }
6595}
6596
6597#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6598
6599template<class _RealType>
6600template<class _UnaryOperation>
6601piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type(
6602        initializer_list<result_type> __bl, _UnaryOperation __fw)
6603    : __b_(__bl.begin(), __bl.end())
6604{
6605    if (__b_.size() < 2)
6606    {
6607        __b_.resize(2);
6608        __b_[0] = 0;
6609        __b_[1] = 1;
6610        __densities_.assign(2, 1.0);
6611        __areas_.assign(1, 0.0);
6612    }
6613    else
6614    {
6615        __densities_.reserve(__b_.size());
6616        for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __b_.size(); ++__i)
6617            __densities_.push_back(__fw(__b_[__i]));
6618        __init();
6619    }
6620}
6621
6622#endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_GENERALIZED_INITIALIZERS
6623
6624template<class _RealType>
6625template<class _UnaryOperation>
6626piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::param_type::param_type(
6627        size_t __nw, result_type __xmin, result_type __xmax, _UnaryOperation __fw)
6628    : __b_(__nw == 0 ? 2 : __nw + 1)
6629{
6630    size_t __n = __b_.size() - 1;
6631    result_type __d = (__xmax - __xmin) / __n;
6632    __densities_.reserve(__b_.size());
6633    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6634    {
6635        __b_[__i] = __xmin + __i * __d;
6636        __densities_.push_back(__fw(__b_[__i]));
6637    }
6638    __b_[__n] = __xmax;
6639    __densities_.push_back(__fw(__b_[__n]));
6640    __init();
6641}
6642
6643template<class _RealType>
6644template<class _URNG>
6645_RealType
6646piecewise_linear_distribution<_RealType>::operator()(_URNG& __g, const param_type& __p)
6647{
6648    typedef uniform_real_distribution<result_type> _Gen;
6649    result_type __u = _Gen()(__g);
6650    ptrdiff_t __k = _VSTD::upper_bound(__p.__areas_.begin(), __p.__areas_.end(),
6651                                      __u) - __p.__areas_.begin() - 1;
6652    __u -= __p.__areas_[__k];
6653    const result_type __dk = __p.__densities_[__k];
6654    const result_type __dk1 = __p.__densities_[__k+1];
6655    const result_type __deltad = __dk1 - __dk;
6656    const result_type __bk = __p.__b_[__k];
6657    if (__deltad == 0)
6658        return __u / __dk + __bk;
6659    const result_type __bk1 = __p.__b_[__k+1];
6660    const result_type __deltab = __bk1 - __bk;
6661    return (__bk * __dk1 - __bk1 * __dk +
6662        _VSTD::sqrt(__deltab * (__deltab * __dk * __dk + 2 * __deltad * __u))) /
6663        __deltad;
6664}
6665
6666template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6667basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6668operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
6669           const piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT>& __x)
6670{
6671    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__os);
6672    __os.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::left | ios_base::fixed |
6673               ios_base::scientific);
6674    _CharT __sp = __os.widen(' ');
6675    __os.fill(__sp);
6676    size_t __n = __x.__p_.__b_.size();
6677    __os << __n;
6678    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6679        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__b_[__i];
6680    __n = __x.__p_.__densities_.size();
6681    __os << __sp << __n;
6682    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6683        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__densities_[__i];
6684    __n = __x.__p_.__areas_.size();
6685    __os << __sp << __n;
6686    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6687        __os << __sp << __x.__p_.__areas_[__i];
6688    return __os;
6689}
6690
6691template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _RT>
6692basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
6693operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is,
6694           piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT>& __x)
6695{
6696    typedef piecewise_linear_distribution<_RT> _Eng;
6697    typedef typename _Eng::result_type result_type;
6698    __save_flags<_CharT, _Traits> __lx(__is);
6699    __is.flags(ios_base::dec | ios_base::skipws);
6700    size_t __n;
6701    __is >> __n;
6702    vector<result_type> __b(__n);
6703    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6704        __is >> __b[__i];
6705    __is >> __n;
6706    vector<result_type> __densities(__n);
6707    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6708        __is >> __densities[__i];
6709    __is >> __n;
6710    vector<result_type> __areas(__n);
6711    for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
6712        __is >> __areas[__i];
6713    if (!__is.fail())
6714    {
6715        swap(__x.__p_.__b_, __b);
6716        swap(__x.__p_.__densities_, __densities);
6717        swap(__x.__p_.__areas_, __areas);
6718    }
6719    return __is;
6720}
6721
6722_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
6723
6724#endif  // _LIBCPP_RANDOM
6725